QYRKIR?A[YVHIR%VFIMXIREYJ^[IM+IFMI XIR HIV QILVTLEWMKIR (MJJYWMSRWZIVFVIRRYRK

[MI WMI J²V (MIWIPQSXSVIR X]TMWGL MWX HYVGLKI J²LVX )MRIVWIMXW [YVHI HIV )MRJPYWW ZSR WEYIV WXSJJLEPXMKIR&VIRRWXSJJIR)XLER(MQIXL]PIXLIV YRH1IXL]PEPEYJHMI6YWWFMPHYRKMRIMRIV)XL]

PIR(MJJYWMSRWJPEQQI UYERXMXEXMZ FIWXMQQX (E FIMOSRRXIOPEVKI^IMKX[IVHIRHEWWHEW6YWWVI HYOXMSRWTSXIRXMEP MR HIV 6IMLIRJSPKI 1IXL]PEP (1)YRH)XLEREFRMQQX>YV:MWYEPMWMIVYRKHIV )MRWTVMX^WXVELPIR 8MXIPFMPH YRH *MK OSQQIR ZIVWGLMIHIRI ^IMXPMGL LSGLEYJP¸WIRHI 1IWWQI XLSHIR ^YQ )MRWEX^ YRH IVPEYFIR 1IWWYRKIR ZSR8VSTJIRKV¸WWIR YRHrKIWGL[MRHMKOIMXIRER EYWKIWYGLXIR4YROXIRMQ)MRWTVMX^WXVELP&IMHIR 7TVE]9RXIVWYGLYRKIR [YVHIR 7GLEXXIRFMPHIV

*MK YRH TPEREVI %YJRELQIR HIV 1MI 7XVIYYRK HIV JP²WWMKIR 4LEWI YRXIV ZIVWGLMIHI RIR QSXSVVIPIZERXIR &IHMRKYRKIR KI[SRRIR

)VWXI4(%1IWWYRKIR^YVPSOEPIR'LEVEOXIVMWMI VYRK [IVHIR IFIRJEPPW KIWXEVXIX &IM HIV 6YWW QMRHIVYRK QMX 3²LEPXMKIR /VEJXWXSJJ^YWÇX^IR [YVHIR RIFWX UYEPMXEXMZIR %YJRELQIR MR HIV ,8(> ZSV[MIKIRH 0--1IWWYRKIR ER IMRIQ (MJ JYWMSRWFVIRRIVYRXIVOSRXVSPPMIVXIR&IHMRKYRKIR KIQEGLX[IPGLIIVWXI[MGLXMKI,MR[IMWIEYJHMI KVYRHPIKIRHIR1IGLERMWQIRHIV6YWWVIHYOXMSR PMIJIVR

*MKYV 8]TMWGLIW 7GLEXXIRFMPH IMRIW IMR^IPRIR )MR WTVMX^WXVELPW

*MKYV 7XVELPOSRXYVIR ZSR IMR^IPRIR )MRWTVMX^

WXVELPW

)MRIZIVXMIJXI0MXIVEXYVVIGLIVGLI?A^YQ8LIQE HIV LSQSKIRIR /SQTVIWWMSRW^²RHZIVFVIRRYRK QEKIVIV+IQMWGLI,''- [YVHI ^YLERHIR HIW -RHYWXVMITEVXRIVW-:)'3 MQ 4VSNIOX)VEVFIMXIR ZSR +VYRHPEKIR J²V MRRSZEXMZI &VIRRZIV JELVIR YRH QSXSVMWGLI %VFIMXWTVS^IWWI?A IVWXIPPX (EVMR [YVHI FIWXÇXMKX HEWW WMGL ,''-MRWFIWSRHIVI HYVGL XMIJI 7XMGOS\MH [MI EYGL 6YWWIQMWWMSRIR EYW^IMGLRIX (MIW MWX IMRI *SPKI

HIV XMIJIR :IVFVIRRYRKWXIQTIVEXYVIR HMI EYJ HIR[IMX²FIVWX¸GLMSQIXVMWGLIR &IXVMIF KIVMR KI PSOEPI )RIVKMIHMGLXI ^YV²GO^YJ²LVIR WMRH

%RLERH ZSR ('6*(7MQYPEXMSRIR WSPPIR OSR OVIXI ,''-7XVEXIKMIR ZSVEYWFIVIGLRIX [IVHIR )VWXI :EPMHMIVYRKIR IVQ¸KPMGLIR TYFPM^MIVXI I\

TIVMQIRXIPPI (EXERFEROIR YRH PEFSVMRXIVRI I\TIVMQIRXIPPI(EXIR(EW)VKIFRMWHIV7MQYPEXM SR IMRIW ,''-4VS^IWWIW ^IMKXI IMRI ²FIVVE WGLIRH KYXI ÍFIVIMRWXMQQYRK QMX HIQ &VIRR FIKMRRNIHSGLIMRIWGLPIGLXIÍFIVIMRWXMQQYRK QMXHIQKIQIWWIRIR&VIRRZIVPEYJ

*SVXWGLVMXXI FIM HIV HIXEMPPMIVXIR 6IOSRWXVYOXMSR HIV EXQSWTLÇVMWGLIR '3/SR^IRXVEXMSR YRH HIVIR >YWEQQIRLERK QMX HIQ /PMQE WMRH IMRI [MGLXMKI:SVEYWWIX^YRKYQHIR^YIV[EVXIRHIR [IMXIVIR '3%RWXMIK YRH HIWWIR *SPKIR EF^Y WGLÇX^IR -Q 4VSNIOX>YZIVPÇWWMKOIMX HIV 6I OSRWXVYOXMSR HIV EXQSWTLÇVMWGLIR /SLPIR HMS\MHOSR^IRXVEXMSR ERLERH TSPEVIV )MWOIV RI ?A [YVHI MRWFIWSRHIVI HIV :IVPEYJ HIV EXQSWTLÇVMWGLIR'3/SR^IRXVEXMSRMRKI[MWWIR /PMQE)TSGLIR KIREYIV YRXIVWYGLX -Q :IVPEYJ HIW ,SPS^ÇRW 2EGLIMW^IMX WERO HMI '3 /SR^IRXVEXMSR ZSR ORETT TTQZ EQ )RHI HIV PIX^XIR )MW^IMX ZSV VYRH .ELVIR FMW EYJ TTQZ YQ .ELVI ZSV LIYXI YQ HERROSRXMRYMIVPMGLEYJHIRZSVMRHYWXVMIPPIR;IVX ZSR TTQZ ER^YWXIMKIR 1IWWYRKIR EQ )MWFSLVOIVR ZSR 8E]PSV (SQI LEFIR IVKIFIR HEWW HMI EXQSWTLÇVMWGLI '3/SR^IRXVEXMSR [ÇLVIRHHIVPIX^XIR)MW^IMX:EVMEXMSRIRZSRVYRH TTQZ EYJ[MIW (MI :EVMEXMSR PEYJIR TEVEPPIP QMXOPMQEXMWGLIR7GL[EROYRKIRHIRWSKIRERR XIR ,IMRVMGL)VIMKRMWWIR -Q 0EYJI HIW 4VSNIOXW MWX IW KIPYRKIR HIR %RWXMIK HIV '3 /SR^IRXVEXMSRFIMQÍFIVKERKHIVPIX^XIR)MW^IMX

^YV2EGLIMW^IMXWILVHIXEMPPMIVX^YVIOSRWXVYMIVIR (MIWI6IOSRWXVYOXMSRWSPPXIIRXWGLIMHIRHQMXLIP JIR HMI 4VS^IWWI ^Y ZIVWXILIR [IPGLI HMIWIR REX²VPMGLIR %RWXMIK ZIVYVWEGLXIR %YWWIVHIQ [YVHIRMRHIV1IWWXIGLRMO*SVXWGLVMXXIKIQEGLX

2EXMSREPI>YWEQQIREVFIMX

-Q &IVMGLXWNELV EFKIWGLPSWWIR [YVHI HEW /8-4VSNIOX4EVXMGYPEXIWSJ4MWXSR)RKMRI'SQFY WXMSR 4VSGIWWIW ?A (EFIM OSRRXI KI^IMKX [IVHIRHEWWQSHIVRIZSPPIPIOXVSRMWGLOSRXVSP PMIVXI ,SGLHVYGO)MRWTVMX^W]WXIQI MR HIV 0EKI WMRHHMI4EVXMOIPIQMWWMSRIRWS[SLPMRHIV%R^ELP EPWEYGLMRHIV1EWWIYQQMRHWXIRWIMRIR*EOXSV

^ILR ^Y WIROIR (MIWI %YWWEKIR KIPXIR WS[SLP J²V HMI KVSWWIR 8EOX 7GLMJJWHMIWIPQSXSVIR

68< ZSR 27( EPW EYGL J²V 0EWX[EKIR YRH 4/;(-(MIWIPQSXSVIR (IV FIOERRXI XVEHISJJ

^[MWGLIR 23\ YRH 4EVXMOIPIQMWWMSRIR *MK FPIMFXLMRKIKIRIVLEPXIR

'3 YRH 23\)QMWWMSRIR ZSR O²RJXMKIR +EWXYV FMRIRQ²WWIRHVEWXMWGLKIWIROX[IVHIR/EXEP]

XMWGL WXEFMPMWMIVXI :IVFVIRRYRK HIVIR +VYRHPE KIRJSVWGLYRK WIMX &IKMRR HIW &*)4VSKVEQQW

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%YWPIKYRKZSROEXEP]XMWGLIR&VIRROEQQIVRJ²V HMIWI RIYIR +EWXYVFMRIROSR^ITXI ^Y IVWXIPPIR [YVHIMQ&IVMGLXWNELVHEW/8-4VSNIOX1SHIPPMI VYRKYRH%YWPIKYRKIMRIW'3YRH23\JVIM IR&VIRRIVWJ²V%078314S[IV+EWXYVFMRIR

?AKIWXEVXIX

)RHI.ELV[YVHIZSRHIV/8-IMRIIVWXI8VERGLI J²VHEW4VSNIOX+VYRHPEKIRHIV,6IJSVQEX

>YQMWGLYRK EQ 3XXSQSXSV ?A ER HIV

*EGLSGLWGLYPI,8%&MIPFI[MPPMKX

7XMGOS\MH6IHYOXMSR FIM (MIWIPQSXSVIR [EV EQ 1EM8EKYRKWXLIQEFIMHIV*MVQE0%6%+MR

;MP (IR ZMIPIR ER[IWIRHIR -RHYWXVMIZIVXVIXIVR [YVHIYEHEWRYREFKIWGLPSWWIRI/8-4VSNIOX 23\6IHYOXMSR FIM QSFPMIR (MIWIPQSXSVIR

?AIMRIV>YWEQQIREVFIMXHIW-RWXMXYXWJ²VER KI[ERHXI9Q[IPXXIGLRMOYQXIGHIV*EGLLSGL WGLYPI 6ETTIVW[MP QMX ZIVWGLMIHIRIR -RHYWXVMI TEVXRIVR ZSVKIWXIPPX 2IFIR HIR XIGLRMWGLIR

%WTIOXIR[YVHIREYGLHMI TSPMXMWGLIR ¸OSPSKM WGLIRYRH¸OSRSQMWGLIR>YWEQQIRLÇRKIEYJ KI^IMKX-Q%RWGLPYWWOSRRXIHEW()23<7]WXIQ EQ:IVWYGLWJELV^IYK1IVGIHIW&IR^8]T HIV 'EQMSR 8VERWTSVX %+ FIWMGLXMKX YRH ²FIV TVEOXMWGLI )VJELVYRKIR MQ &IXVMIF HMWOYXMIVX [IVHIR

(EW 'SQFYWXMSR 'SQTIXIRGI 'IRXIV 1II XMRK[YVHIEQ.YRMERHIV)8,>²VMGL EFKILEPXIR :SVKIWXIPPX [YVHI HIV PEYJIRHI 7XERH HIV QIMWXIR PEYJIRHIR )8,47- :IVFVIR RYRKWTVSNIOXI

(MI :MWMSR 2YPPIQMWWMSRW(MIWIPQSXSV WXERH EQ &*))2)87IQMREV ZSQ .YRM EQ 47- ^YV

(MWOYWWMSR&IVMGLXIX[YVHIMRHYWXVMI[MILSGL WGLYPWIMXMK ²FIV HIR EOXYIPPIR 7XERH HIV *SV WGLYRK-Q7IQMREVWSPPXIRVIEPMWXMWGLI;IKI^YV )VVIMGLYRKHIV:MWMSRIVEVFIMXIX[IVHIR

(EW4VSKVEQQ*IYIVYRK YRH :IVFVIRRYRK [YVHI MQ &IVMGLXWNELV KPIMGL ^[IMQEP IZEPYMIVX )RHI.YRM[YVHIEQ47-IMR%YHMXQMXMRXIVRE XMSREPIR )\TIVXIR HYVGLKIJ²LVX HEW EYGL ²FIV HMI 47-:IVFVIRRYRKWJSVWGLYRK ^Y FIJMRHIR LEXXI -Q %YJXVEK HIW &*) IZEPYMIVXI HEW &²VS ,ERWIV 4EVXRIV, 4^YWEQQIRQMXHIQ*EGL WTI^MEPMWXIR4VSJ*1E]MRKIV891²RGLIRYRH (V'L1IMIV(MVIOXSV''73+MZMWMI^EPW9Q WIX^YRKWI\TIVXI HEW 4VSKVEQQ ERJERKW .YPM

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^YLERHIRHIW&*)YRHHIV'36)

(MI8EKYRKHIV7GL[IM^IVMWGLIR:IVIMRMKYRKJ²V :IVFVIRRYRKWJSVWGLYRK 7::[[[WZZIXL^GL ZSQ 3OXSFIV ER HIV *EGLLSGLWGLYPI

%EVKEYMR&VYKK;MRHMWGLWXERHYRXIVHIQ1SX XS )MRFI^YK HIV *EGLLSGLWGLYPIR MRW 4VS KVEQQ*IYIVYRK YRH :IVFVIRRYRK>MIPHIV 8EKYRK [EV HMI /PÇVYRK HIV *VEKI YRXIV [IP GLIR&IHMRKYRKIRHEW&*)YRHHMI/8-KIQIMR WEQ IMRI ZIVWXÇVOXI )MRFMRHYRK HIV *EGLLSGL WGLYPIR MR HMI :IVFVIRRYRKWJSVWGLYRK O²RJXMK J¸VHIVR[SPPIR1MXHIV%YJJSVHIVYRKMRIMRMKIR .ELVIR XVEKJÇLMKI 2IX^[IVOI MR ZIVFVIRRYRKW VIPIZERXIR %OXMZMXÇXIR EYJ^YFEYIR YRH HEFIM IMRI *²LVYRKWVSPPI ^Y ²FIVRILQIR [EVIR HMI YRXIVHIRVYRH8IMPRILQIVR^ELPVIMGLER[I WIRHIR *EGLLSGLWGLYPZIVXVIXIV SJJIRFEV ²FIV JSVHIVX(EROFEVEYJKIRSQQIR[YVHIHEW&*)

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(EW.SMRX %RRYEP 1IIXMRK HIV)YVSTIER 6IWI EVGL'SQQYRMX]SR*PS[8YVFYPIRGIERH'SQ FYWXMSR )6'3*8%' YRH HIW 0ISRLEVH )YPIV /SQTIXIR^^IRXVYQW J²V 1IWWXIGLRMO :IVFVIR RYRK YRH 7GLEHWXSJJJSVQEXMSR [YVHI EQ 2SZIQFIVERHIV)8,>²VMGLHYVGLKIJ²LVX

-RXIVREXMSREPI>YWEQQIREVFIMX

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+6( IMRI >YWEQQIREVFIMX QMX HIV9RMZ4SPMXIGRMGEHI:EPIRGMEYRHHIR -RHY WXVMITEVXRIVR*MEX%0:6&SWGLYRH-:)'3

(EW MQ 6ELQIR HIW )9*SVWGLYRKWTVSKVEQQW

(EW 0:: MWX FIM HIV *SVWGLYRKWZIVIMRMKYRK :IVFVIRRYRKWOVEJXQEWGLMRIR *:: MQ %V FIMXWOVIMW ,''- HEFIM -Q 0::*::4VSNIOX ?A [YVHIR+VYRHPEKIRIVEVFIMXIX)MR*SPKITVSNIOX MR HIQ HEW 0:: IMR KIREYIVIW :IVWXÇRHRMW HIV 7IPFWX^²RHYRK ZSR /VEJXWXSJJIR ^Y IVEVFIMXIR LEX [YVHI ZSR YREFLÇRKMKIR +YXEGLXIVR KI TV²JX YRH TSWMXMZ FIYVXIMPX )W OERR MQ *V²LNELV WXEVXIR

%Q r 7ITXIQFIV JERH MR >²VMGL HMI ZSQ 0:: SVKERMWMIVXI^XL %RRYEP 'SRJIVIRGI

SR 0MUYMH %XSQM^EXMSR 7TVE] 7]WXIQW WXEXX