ABHYANKAR, A.D. und P.M. JAGTAB (1999):
Post-infarction ventricular septal defect: percutaneous transvenous temporary closure using a Swan-Ganz catheter.
Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 47(2), 208-210
AKHTAR, N., E. MIKULIC, J.N. COHN und M.H. CHAUDHRY (1975):
Haemodynamic effect of dobutamine in patients with severe heart failure.
Am. J. Cardiol. 36, 202-205
AL-KHARRAT, T., S. ZARICH, Y. AMOATENG-ADJEPONG und C.A. MANTHOUS (1999):
Analysis of the intra-observer variability in measurement of pulmonary artery occlusion pressures.
Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160 (2), 415-420
AMORY, H., K. McENTEE, A.S. LINDEN, D.J. DESMACHT, J.M. BEDUIN, V. D´ORIO und P.M. LEKEUX (1993):
Comparison of the cardiac pumping capability and cardiac pumping reserve in double-musceled and conventional calves.
Can. J. Physiol. Pharmakol. 71, 946-951
ANDY, J.J., C.L. CURRY, N. ALI und P.P. MEHROTRA (1977):
Cardiovascular effects of dobutamine in severe congestive heart failure.
Am. Heart J. 94(2), 175-82
ATKINS, C.E., M.B. CURTIS, S.M. McGUIRK, M.D. KITTLESON, T. SATO und P.S.
SNYDER (1991):
The use of M-Mode echocardiography in determing cardiac output in dogs with normal, low, and high output states: Comparison to Thermodilution method.
Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound, 33(5), 297-304
AURIGEMMA, G.P., M.R. ZILE und W.H. GAASCH (2004):
Lack of relationship between Doppler indices of diastolic function and left ventricular pressure transients in patients with definite diastolic heart failure.
Am. Heart J. 148(3), E12
BAGGER, J.P., F. SENNELS, H. VEJBY-CHRISTENSEN, K. RASMUSSEN, P.E.
THOMSEN und H. GOTZSCHE (1985):
Transseptal left heart catheterization with a Swan-Ganz-flow-directed catheter: review of 173 studies.
Am. Heart J. 109(2), 332-337
BALAN, K.K. und M. CRITCHLEY (2001):
Is the dyspnoe during adenosine cardiac stress test caused by bronchospasm?
Am. Heart J. 142(1), 142-145
BAMBACH, T., W. NECHWATAL und M. STRAUCH (1983):
Assesment of left ventricular function from the mitral valve echocardiogram following positive and negative inotropic interventions.
Z. Kardiol. 72, 642-648
BARILLA, F., G. DE VINCENTIS, E. MANGIERI, M. CIAVOLELLA, G. PANITTERI, F.
SCOPINARO, G. CRITELLI und P.P. CAMPA (1999):
Recovery of contractility of viable myocardium during inotropic stimulation is not dependant on an increase of myocardial bloodflow in the absence of collateral filling.
J. Am. Coll. Cardiology 33(3), 697-704
BART, B.A., D.A. ERLIEN, C.A. HERZOG und R.W. ASINGER (2005):
Marked differences between patients referred for stress echocardiography and myocardial perfusion images.
Am. Heart J. 149(5), 888-893
BATSON, G.A., K.P. CHANDRASEKHAR, Y. PAYAS und F. RICKARDS ( 1972):
Measurement of pulmonary wedge pressure by the flow-directed Swan-Ganz catheter.
Cardiovascular research, 6, 748-752
BAYLY, W.M., A.A. GABEL und S.A. BARR (1983):
Cardiovascular effects of submaximal aerobic training on a treadmill in Standardbred horses using standardised exercise test.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 44, 544-553 BECKER, J. (1995):
B-Mode, M-Mode- und Doppler-Echokardiographie unter dem Einfluss von Dobutamin beim Pferd.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochschule, Diss.
BECKMANN, S. und G. HAUG (1998):
Stressechokardiographie interaktiv
Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff – Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt
BELESLIN, B.D., M. OSTOJIC, J. STEPANOVIC, A. DJORDJEVIC-DIKIC, S.
STOJKOVIC, M. NEDELJKOVIC, G. STANKOVIC, Z. PETRASINOVIC, L. GOJKOVIC, Z. VASILJEVIC-POKRAJCIC und S. NEDELJKOVIC (1994):
Stressechocardiography in the detection of myocardial ischaemia. Head-to-Head-comparison of exercise, dobutamine and dipyridamole tests.
Circulation 90, 1168-1176
BENTZ, H. (Hrsg.) (1982):
Veterinärmedizinische Pharmakologie.
1. Auflage, VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 169-172 BERGSTEIN, G. (1974):
Blood Pressure, Cardiac Output, and Blood Gas Tension in the Horse at Rest and during Exercise.
Acta Vet. Scand., Suppl. 48, 1-88
BIRKS, E.K., O. MATHIEU-COSTELLO, Z. FU, W.S. TYLER und J.B. WEST (1997):
Very high pressures are required to cause stress failure of pulmonary capillaries in thoroughbred racehorses.
J. appl. Physiol., 82, 1584-1592
BLISSIT, K.J., L.E. YOUNG, R.S. JONES, G.G. DARKE und J. UTTING (1997):
Measurement of cardiac output in standing horses by Doppler echocardiography and thermodilution.
Equine Vet. J. 29(1), 18-25 BONAGURA, J.D. (1994):
Echocardiography.
J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 204, 516-522 BROWN, C.M. und J.R. HOLMES (1978a):
Artifact production with micromanometers used to record intracardiac pressure and sound.
Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. 4(3), 275-282 BROWN, C.M. und J.R. HOLMES (1978b):
Haemodynamics in the Horse: 2. Intracardiac, Pulmonary Arterial and Aortic Pressures.
Equine Vet. J. 10, 207-215 BUBECK, K. (2001):
Der Lungenkapillardruck beim herzgesunden und herzkranken Warmblutpferd unter standardisierter Belastung auf dem Laufband.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochschule, Diss.
BUCHWALSKY, R. (1996):
Einschwemmkatheter: Technik, Auswertung und praktische Konsequenzen.
4. Auflage, Verlag Spitta GmbH, Balingen BUCHBINDER, N. und W. GANZ (1976):
Hemodynamic Monitoring: Invasive Techniques.
Anesthesiology 45, 146-155
BUCKLEY, R.S., S. KAUL, A.R. JAYAWEERA, L.W. GIMPLE, E.R. POWERS und D.M.
DENT (2000):
Quantification of mitral regurgitation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory with contrast echocardiography.
Am. Heart J. 139(6), 1109-1113
BUHL, R., A.K. ERSBOLL, L. ERIKSEN und J. KOCH (2004):
Sources and magnitude of variation of echocardiographic measurements in normal standardbred horses.
Vet. Radiol. Ultrasound, 45 (6), 505-512 BUSSE, R. (1995):
Gefäßsystem und Kreislaufregulation.
In: Schmidt, R.F., Thews, G. (Hrsg.):
Physiologie des Menschen.
Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 498-560
CANNON, J.G., S.F. ORENCOLE und R.A. FIELDING (1990):
Acute phase response in exercise: interaction of age and vitamin E on neutrophils and muscle enzyme release.
Am. J. Physiol. 259, 1214-1219
CHALIKI, H.P., D.G. HURREL, R.A. NISHIMURA, R.A. REINKE und C.P. APPLETON (2002) :
Pulmonary venous pressure: relationship to pulmonary artery, pulmonary wedge, and left atrial pressure in normal, lightly sedated dogs.
Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv. 56(3), 432-438
CHEN, L., L. MA, V.A. DE PRADA, M. CHEN, Y.J. FENG, D. WATERS, L. GILLAM und C. CHEN (1996):
Effects of beta-blockade and atropine on ischemic responses in left ventricular regions subtending coronary stenosis during dobutamine stressechocardiography.
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 28(7), 1866-1876
CHETBOUL, V., D. CONCORDED, J.L. POUCHELON, N. ATHANSSIADIS, C.
MULLER, L. BENIGNI, A.C. MUNARI und H.P. LEFEBRE (2003) :
Effects of inter- and intra-observer variability of echocardiographic mesurements in awake cats.
J. Vet. Med. A. Physiol. Pathol. Clin. Med. 50 (6), 326-331
CHETBOUL, V., D. CONCORDED, J.L. POUCHELON, N. ATHANSSIADIS, A.P.
NICOLLE, R. TISSIER und H.P. LEFEBRE (2004) :
Quantification, repeatability, and reproductability of feline radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities by tissue Doppler imaging.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 65 (5), 566-572
CHETBOUL, V., N. ATHANSSIADIS, C. CARLOS, A.P. NICOLLE, L. ZILBERSTEIN, J.L. POUCHELON, H.P. LEFEBRE und D. CONCORDED (2004) :
Assesment of repeatability, reproductability and effect of anaesthesia on determination of radial and longitudinal left ventricular velocities via tissue Doppler imaging in dogs.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 65 (7), 909-915
CORBOZ, M., S. SANOU und F.A. GRIMBERT (1995):
Capillary pressure estimates from arterial and venous occlusion in intact dog lung.
Eur. Respir. J. 8(7), 1122-1129
COHEN, J.L., T.O. GREENE, J. OTTENWELLER, S.Z. BINENBAUM, S.D. WILCHFORT und C.S. KIM (1991) :
Dobutamine Digital Echocardiography for Detecting Coronary Artery Disease.
Am. J. Cardiol. 67, 1311-1318
COUROUCE, A., J.C. CHATARD, B. AUVINET (1997) :
Estimation of performance potential of standardbred trotters from blood lactate concentrations measured in field conditions.
Equine Vet. J. 29(5), 365-369 COURNAND, A. (1975):
Cardiac catheterization. Development of the technique, its contribution to experimental medicine, and its initial application in man.
Actand. Med. Scand. (Suppl.) 1, 3-32 CZEISLER, C.A. und D.J. Dijk (2001):
Human circadian physiology and sleep-wake regulation.
In: TAKAHASHI, J.S., F.W. TUREK and R.Y. MOORE (Hrsg.) (2001):
Circadian clocks.
Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, 531-56
DARKE, P.G.G., J.D. BONAGURA und D.F. KELLY (1996):
Color Atlas of Veterinary Cardiology.
Mosby-Wolfe, London, Baltimore, Barcelona, S. 52-56 DAVIS, J.L. und M. MANOHAR (1988):
Effect of splenectomy on exercise-induced pulmonary and systemic hypertension in ponies.
Am. J. Vet. Research, 49(7), 1169-1172 DEEGEN, E. (1981):
Zur forensischen Bedeutungen der Herzrhythmusstörungen beim Pferd.
Berl. Münch. Tierärztl. Wochenschr. 94, 471-514 DEEGEN, E. und S. BUNTENKÖTTER (1976):
Behaviour of the Heart Rate of Horses with Auricular Fibrillation during Exercise and after Treatment.
DE LORENZO, A., J. FOERSTER, M.G. SCIAMMARELLA, C. SUEY, S.W. HAYES, J.D.
FRIEDMANund D.S. BERMAN (2003):
Use of atropine in patients with submaximal heart rate during exercise myocardial perfusion SPECT.
J. Nucl. Cardiol. 10(1), 51-55
DERENDORF, H., M. SCHULZ und R. WEMHÖNER (2003):
Arzneimittelkunde.
Deutscher Apotheker Verlag, Stuttgart.
DIXON, P.M. (1978):
Pulmonary artery pressures in normal horses and in horses affected with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Equine Vet. J.10(3), 195-198 DONALDSON, L.L. (1988):
Retrospective assesment of Dobutamine Therapy for Hypotension in Anesthetized Horses.
Vet. Surg. 17, 53-57
DUCHARME, N.G. und S.L. FUBINI (1983) :
Gastrointestinal complications associated with the use of atropine in horses.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 182(3), 229-231
DUCHARME, N.G., R.P HACKETT, R.D. GLEED, D.M. AINSWOTH, H.N. ERB, L.M.
MITCHELL und L.V. SODERHOLM JR. (1999):
Pulmonary capillary pressure in horses undergoing alteration of pleural pressure by imposition of various upper airway resistive loads.
Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 30, 27-33 DURANDO, M. (2005):
Diagnosing cardiac disease in equine athletes: the role of stress testing.
Equine Vet. J. 37(2), 101-103
EGGERS, K.M., J. OLDGREN, A. NORDENSKJOLD und B. LINDAHL (2004):
Diagnostic value of serial measurement of cardiac markers in patients with chest pain: limited value of adding myoglobin to Troponin I for exclusion of myocardial infarction.
Am. Heart J., 148(4), 574-581
ERICKSON, B.K., H.H. ERICKSON und J.R. COFFMAN (1990):
Pulmonary artery, aortic and oesophageal pressure changes during high intensity treadmill exercise in the horse: a possible relation to exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage.
Equine Vet. J., Suppl. 9, 47-52
ERICKSON, B.K., H.H. ERICKSON und J.R. COFFMAN (1992):
Pulmonary artery and aortic pressure changes during high-intensity treadmill exercise in the horse: effect of furosemide and phentolamine.
Equine Vet J. 24, 215-219
ERICKSON, H.H. und B.S. LOWE (1994):
Mechanism of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in the equine athletes.
Biomed. Sci. Instrum. 30, 33-38 ESCHENHAGEN, T. (1992):
Haupteinsatzgebiete für Katecholamine.
Deutsche Apotheker Zeitung 132(16), 813-824 ESTLER, C.-J. (Hrsg.) (1992):
Pharmakologie und Toxikologie.
3. Auflage, Schattauer Verlag Stuttgart, New York, 38-43 FEIGENBAUM, H. (1986):
Echokardiographie.
3. Aufl., perimed Fachbuchverlagsgesellschaft, Erlangen FERLINZ, R. (1986):
Diagnostik in der Pneumologie.
Verlag Thieme Stuttgart, New York, S. 51-76, 217-222, 289-313 FICK, A.(1876):
Über die Messung des Blutquantums in den Herzventrikeln.
Sitz. Ber. Phys.-Med. Ges. Würzburg 16 zit. nach H.J. JUST (1976)
FISCHER, A., C. OZBEK, W.BAY und G.F. HAMANN (1999):
Cerebral microemboli during left heart catheterization.
Am. Heart J. 137(1), 162-168
FIUZA, M., A. PEREIRINHA, P. PEDRO, E. DIAS, M. CARVALHO, I. DIONISIO, B. DA COSTA, F. DE PADUA und M.G. LOPEZ (1994):
Stress echocardiography with dobutamine: the importance of adding atropine in inconclusive tests.
Rev. Port. Cardiol. 13(10), 743-750 FLACHSKAMPF, F.A. (2001):
Kursbuch der Echokardiographie
Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, New York 13-22, 71-93 FLESSAS, A.P. und T.J. RYAN (1983):
Atropine-induced cardioacceleration in patients on chronic Propranolol therapy: comparison with the positive chronotropic effect of isometric exercise.
Am Heart J. 105(2), 230-234 FORSSMANN, W. (1929):
Die Sondierung des rechten Herzens.
FORTH, W., D. HENSCHLER, W. RUMMEL und K. STARKE (Hrsg.) (1996):
Allgemeine und spezielle Pharmakologie und Toxikologie.
7. Aufl., Spektrum- Wissenschafts-Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin, Oxford FRANZ, I.W. und H. MELLEROWICZ (1982):
Methodische und leistungsphysiologische Grundlagen der Ergometrie.
Herz 7(1), 29-41 FREY, H.-H. (2000):
Zentrales Nervensystem
In: ENGELHARDT, W.W., BREVES, G. (Hrsg.):
Physiologie der Haustiere
1.Aufl., Enke im Hippokrates Verlag GmbH, Stuttgart, S. 44-69 FREY, H.H. und W. LÖSCHER (2002):
Lehrbuch der Pharmakologie und Toxikologie für die Veterinärmedizin.
2. Aufl., Enke Verlag, Stuttgart FRÜHAUF, B. (1994):
Beziehungen zwischen dem Lungenkapillardruck (Pulmonary Wedge Pressure) und Befunden der M-Mode- und Doppler- Echokardiographie beim Pferd.
Hann., Tierärztl. Hochsch., Diss.
FRÜHAUF, B., P. STADLER und E. DEEGEN (1996):
Evaluation of pulmonary wedge pressure in horses with and without left heart abnormalities detected by echocardiography.
Pferdeheilkunde 12, 544-550
FRYE, M.A., J.M. BRIGHT, D.A. DARGATZ, M.J. FETTMAN, D.D. FRIBIE, D.C.
BAKER und J.L. TRAUB-DARGATZ (2003):
A comparison of Dobutamine Infusion to exercise as a Cardiac Stress Test in Healthy Horses.
J. Vet. Intern. Med., 17, 58-64
GANZ, P. H.J.C. SWAN und W. GANZ (1986):
Ballon-Tipped and Flow-Directed Catheters.
In: W. GROSSMAN (Hrsg.) (1986):
Cardiac Catheterization and Angiography. 3. Aufl.
Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, S. 88-100 GEHLEN, H. (1997):
Beurteilung von Herzklappeninsuffizienzen beim Pferd mit der Farbdopplerechokardiographie durch Vermessung der Vena contracta.
Hann., Tierärztl. Hochschule, Diss.
GEHLEN, H., P. STADLER und E. DEEGEN (1998):
Vorschlag zur Standardisierung der Untersuchung von herzkranken Warmblutpferden mit einem kardiologischen Beurteilungssystem.
Pferdeheilkunde 14, 107-114
GEHLEN, H., K.BUBECK und P. STADLER (2003):
Pulmonary wedge pressure and heart frequency measurements for extension of left atrial function diagnostics during standardised treadmill exercise.
Dt. Tierärztl. Wschr. 110, 269-308
GEHLEN, H., J. BECKER, E. DEEGEN und P. STADLER (2004a):
Veränderungen echokardiographischer Funktionsparameter unter Dobutaminwirkung bei Warmblutpferden mit und ohne Herzgeräusch.
Vet. Med. Austria/Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. 91, 103-111 GEHLEN, H., K.BUBECK und P. STADLER (2004b):
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure measurements in healthy warmblood horses and in warmblood horses with mitral valve insufficiencies of various degrees during standardised treadmill exercise.
Res. Vet. Scie. 77, 257-264
GEHLEN, H., S. MARNETTE und P. STADLER (2005a):
Stressechokardiographie beim Warmblutpferd: Aktive Stressinduktion durch Laufband- und Longenbelastung.
Pferdeheilkunde 21, 303-310
GEHLEN, H., S. MARNETTE, K.BUBECK und P. STADLER (2005b):
Stress echocardiography in trained and untrained healthy warmblood horses after standardised treadmill exercise.
Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiol., 2005, accepted GEHLEN, H., S. MARNETTE und P. STADLER (2005c):
Echocardiographic analysis of segmental left ventricular wall motion at rest and after exercise in horses with and without heart disease.
J. of Equine Vet. Sci., accepted
GEHLEN, H., S. MARNETTE und P. STADLER (2005e):
Stressechocardiography in warmblood horses – comparison of dobutamine/atropine and treadmill exercise as cardiac stressors.
Journal of Vet. Int. Med, accepted
GEHLEN, H., K.BUBECK und P. STADLER (2005f):
Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure During Treadmill Exercise In Warmblood Horses With Atrial Fibrillation.
Research in Vet. Science, accepted
GEHLEN, H., A. WEICHLER, B. OHNESORGE, E. DEEGEN und P. STADLER (2005g):
Heart rate, pulmonary artery wedge pressure and systemic arterial blood pressure during infusion of dobutamine in horses under general anaesthesia.
J. of Vet. Med., accepted
GEHLEN, H., S. MARNETTE, K. ROHN, L. KREIENBROCK und P. STADLER (2005h):
Präzisionskontrolle echokardiographischer linksventrikulärer Funktionsparameter durch wiederholte Messungen an drei aufeinanderfolgenden Tagen bei trainierten und untrainierten Warmblutpferden.
Dtsch. Tierärztl. Wschr. 112, 48-54
GLEED, R.D., N.D. DUCHARME, R.P. HACKET, T.S. HAKIM, H.N. ERB, L.M.
MITCHELL und L.V. SODERHOLM (1999):
Effects of frusemide on pulmonary capillary pressure in horses exercising on a treadmill.
Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 30, 102-106 GOLDBERG, L.I. (1989):
Pharmacological bases for the use of dopamine and related drugs in the treatment of congestive heart failure.
J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 14(3), 21-28 GROSSMAN, W. (1986):
Cardiac catheterization and Angiography.
3. Auflage, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia GROSSMAN, W. (1992):
Cardiac catheterization.
In: E. BRAUNWALD (Hrsg.): Heart disease: A textbook of cardiovascular medicine.
4. Auflage, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, 180-203
HACKETT; R.P., N.G. DUCHARME, D.M. AINSWOTH, B.K. ERICKSON, H.N. ERB, L.V. SODERHOLM JR. und L.M. THOMSON (1999):
Effects of extrathoracic airway obstruction on intrathoracic pressure and pulmonary artery pressure in exercising horses.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 60(4), 485-494
HACKETT, R.P, N.G DUCHARME, R.D. GLEED, H.N. ERB, L.M. MITCHELL und L.V.
SODERHOLM (1999):
Oral nitroglycerin paste did not lower pulmonary capillary pressure during treadmill exercise.
Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 30, 153-158
HADDAD, G.G., H.J. JENG, S.H. LEE und T.L. LAI (1984):
Rhythmic variations in R-R- interval during sleep and wakefulness in puppies and dogs.
Am. J. Physiol. 247, H67-H73
HAMILTON, W.F., J.M. MOORE, J.M. KINSMAN und R.G. SPURLING (1928):
Simultaneous determination of the greater and lesser circulation times, of the mean velocity of blood flow through the heart and lungs, of the cardiac output and an approximation of the amount of blood actively circulating in the heart and lungs.
Am. J. Physiol. 85, 377 zit. nach H.J. JUST (1976)
HANDKE, M., G. HEINRICHS, E. MAGOSAKI, G. LUTTER, C. BODE und A. GEIBEL (2003):
Three-dimensional echocardiographic determination of cardiac ourput at rest and under dobutamine stress; comparison with thermodilution measurements in the ischemic pig model.
Echocardiography 20(1), 47-55 HARRIS, P. und D. HEATH (1977):
The Human Pulmonary Circulation.
2. Aufl., Verlag Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh HARMEYER, J. (2000):
Herz
In: ENGELHARDT, W.W., BREVES, G. (Hrsg.):
Physiologie der Haustiere
1.Aufl., Enke im Hippokrates Verlag GmbH, Stuttgart, S. 136-157 HART, C.Y., T.D. MILLER, D.O. HODGE und R.J. GIBBONS (2000):
Specifity of the stress- echocardiogram during adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging in patients taking digoxin.
Am. Heart J. 140(6), 937-940 HAUG, G. (1998):
Stressechokardiographie
Dr. Dietrich Steinkopff – Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, Darmstadt
HAYANO, J.; Y. SAKAKIBARA, M. YAMADA, T. KAMIYA, T. FUJINAMI, K.
YOKOYAMA und K. TAKATA (1990):
Diurnal variations in vagal and sympathetic cardiac control.
Am. J. Physiol. 27, H642-H646
HELLYER, P.W., A.E. WAGNER, K.R. MAMA und J.S. GAYNOR (1998):
The effects of dobutamine and ephedrine on packed cell volume, total protein, heart rate, and blood pressure in anesthetized horses.
J. Vet. Pharmakol. Therap. 21, 497-499 HENNESSY, J.W.und S. LEVINE (1979):
Stress, arousal and the pitiuary- adrenal system: A psychoendocrine hypothesis.
In: Sprague, J.M., A.N. EPSTEIN (Hrsg.):
Progressin psychobiology.
HINCHCLIFF, K.W., K.H. McKEEVER und W.W. MUIR (1991):
Hemodynamic effects of atropine, dobutamin, nitroprusside, phenylephine, and Propranolol in conscious horses.
J. Vet. Intern. Medicine 5, 80-86 HOFFMANN, R. (2002):
Stressechokardiographie zur Ischämiediagnostik.
In: Praxis der Echokardiographie.
Flachskampf, F.A. (Hrsg.)
1. Aufl., Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, 183-203
HOFMEISTER, E.H., K. KEENAN und C.M. EGGER (2005):
Dobutamine-induced bradycardia in a dog.
Vet. Anaesth. Analg. 32(2), 107-111
HOJGAARD, M.V., N.H. HOLSTEIN-RATHLOU, E. AGNER und J.K. KANTERS (2005):
Reproducibility of heart rate variability, blood pressure variability and baroreceptor sensitivity during rest and head-up tilt.
Blood Pressure Monit. 10 (1), 19-24 HORNBY, A.S. (1989):
Oxford advanced learners dictionary of current english.
Oxford university press, Oxford, U.K.
HUNZIKER, P. (1987):
Accuracy and dynamic response of disposable pressure transducer-tubing systems.
Can. J. Anaesth. 34(4), 409-414 JENSKIN, R.R. (1988):
Free radical chemistry relationship to exercise.
Sport med. 5, 156-170
JONES, J.H., B.L. SMITH, E.K. BIRKS, J.R. PASCOE und T.R. HUGHES (1992) : Left atrial and pulmonary arterial pressures in exercising horses.
FASEB J. 6, 2020 JUST, H.J. (1976):
Herzkatheterdiagnostik.
Boehringer Mannheim GmbH, Mannheim KAHL, J. (1993):
Wirkung von Licht und Futter als Zeitgeber auf die endogenen Rhythmik von Körpertemperatur, Stoffwechsel und Nahrungsaufnahme der Taube.
Bochum, Fakultät für Biologie, Diss.
KAISER, C.A., R.W. HUGLI, L.M. HAEGELI und M.E. PFISTERER (2004):
Selektive embolization of a pulmonary artery rupture caused by a Cournand catheter.
Catheter Cardiovasc. Interv.61(3), 317-319
KIM, C., Y.S. KWOK, P. HAEGERTY und R. REDBERG (2001):
Pharmacologic stress testing for coronary disease diagnosis: A meta analysis.
Am. Heart J. 142(6), 934-944 KINKEL, N. (1993):
Die Herzzeitvolumenbestimmung mit der Doppler-Ultraschalltechnik im Vergleich zu konventionellen Methoden beim Pferd.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochsch., Diss.
KÖHLER, E. (1996):
Klinische Echokardiographie.
3. Aufl., Enke Verlag, Stuttgart
KRIZ, N.G., D.R. HODGSON und R.J. ROSE (2000a):
Prevalence and clinical importance of heart murmur in race horses.
JAVAM 216, 1441-1445
KRIZ, N.G. und R.J. ROSE (2002):
Repeatability of standard transthoracic echocardiographic measurements in horses.
Aust. Vet. J. 80 (6), 362-370 KÖSTER, H. (1996):
Langzeitstudie über die reiterliche Nutzung von Pferden mit Herzgeräuschen aufgrund von Klappenerkrankungen.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochschule, Diss.
KOSMALA, W. und A. SPRING (2004):
Comparison of usefulness of dobutamine-adenosine stress echocardiography in detection of coronary artery disease.
Pol. Merkuriusz. Lek. 16, 313-315 KÜTTLER, T. (2002):
Kurzlehrbuch spezielle Pharmakologie
14. Auflage, Urban und Fischer bei Elsevier, München, Jena
LANGSETMO, I., M.R. FEDDE, T.S. MEYER, und H.H. ERICKSSON (2000):
General articles.
Relationship of pulmonary arterial pressure to pulmonary hemorrhage in exercising horses.
Equine Vet. J. 32, 379-384
LAPOINTE, J.M., A. VRINS und E. MC CARVILL (1994) :
A survey of exercise-induced pulmonary haemorrhage in Quebec Standardbred racehorses.
LEATHERMAN, J.W. und J. MARINI (1998):
Der Pulmonalarterienkatheter: Druckmonitoring.
In. C. Sprung: Pulmonalarterienkatheter – Methodik und klinische Anwendung.
2. Auflage, Springer Verlag, Berlin, S. 89-121
LESSICK, J., D. MUTLACK, D. RINKEVICH, W. MARKIEVICZ und S.A. REISNER (2000):
Prospective study of early atropine use in dobutamine stress echocardiography.
Eur. J. Echokardiogr. 1(4), 231-232
LIENG, L.H., P.A. PELLIKA, D.W. MAHONEY, J.K. OH, R.B. MC CULLY, V.L. ROGER und J.B. SEWARD (1996) :
Atropine augmentation in dobutamine stressechocardiography : Role and incremental value in a clinical practice setting.
J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 28, 551-557 LIGHT, G. und P. HELLYER (1993):
Effects of atropine on the arrhythmogenic dose of dobutamine in xylazine-thiamylal-halothane-anesthetized horses.
Am J Vet Res. 54(12), 2099-2103.
LIGHT, G.S., P.W. HELLYER, und C.R. SWANSON (1991):
Parasympathetic influence on the arrhythmogenicity of graded dobutamine infusions in halothane-anesthetized horses.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 53(7), 1154-1160
LÖSCHER, W., F.R. UNGEMACH und R. KROKER (2003):
Pharmakotherapie bei Haus- und Nutztieren.
Blackwell- Verlag GmbH, 91-92
MALPAS, S.C. und G.L. PURDIE (1990):
Circadian variation of heart rate variability.
Cardiovasc. Res. 24, 210-213 MANOHAR, M. (1993a):
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure increaeses with high-intesity exercise in horses Am. J. Vet. Res., 54, 142-146
MANOHAR, M. (1993b):
Furosemide attenuates the exercise-induced increase in pulmonary artery wedge pressure in horses.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 54, 952-958 MANOHAR, M. (1994):
Pulmonary vascular pressure of Thoroughbreds increase rapidly and to a higher level with rapid onset of high-intensity exercise than slow onset.
Equine Vet. J. 26, 486-499
MANOHAR, M. (1995a):
Effects of glyceryl trinitrate (nitroglycerin) on pulmonary vascular pressures in standing thoroughbred horses.
Equine Vet. J. 27(4), 240-241
MANOHAR, M., T.E. GOETZ, E. HUTCHENS und E. CONEY (1994a):
Atrial and ventricular myocardial blood flows in horses at rest and during exercise.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 55, 1464-1469
MANOHAR, M., E. HUTCHENS und E. CONEY (1994b):
Furosemide attenuates the exercise-induced rise in pulmonary capillary blood pressure in horses.
Equine Vet. J. 26, 51-54
MANOHAR, M., T.E. GOETZ, E. HUTCHENS und E. CONEY (1995b):
Effects of graded exercise on pulmonary and sytemic hemodynamics in horses.
Equine practice 17, 17-23
MANOHAR, M., T.E. GOETZ, E. SULLIVAN und R. GRIFFIN (1997):
Pulmonary vascular pressures of strenously exercising Thoroughbred horses after administration of varying doses of frusemide.
Equine Vet. J. 29(4), 298-304
MANOHAR, M., T.E. GOETZ, E. SULLIVAN und R. GRIFFIN (1998):
Pulmonary vascular pressures of strenously exercising Thoroughbred horses after administration of phenylbutazone and frusemide.
Equine Vet. J. 30, 158-162
MANOHAR, M.und T.E. GOETZ (1999):
Pulmonary vascular resistance of horses decreases with moderate exercise and remains unchanged as workload is increased to maximal exercise.
Equine Vet. J. Suppl. 30, 117-121
MARINELLI, W.A., C.R. WEINERT, C.R. GROSS, J.P. KNOEDLER JR., C.L. BURY, J.R.
KANGAS und J.L. LEATHERMAN (1999):
Right Heart Catheterization in Acute Lung Injury Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 160(1), 69-76 MARLIN, D. und K. NANKERVIS (2002):
Equine Exercise Physiology
Blackwell Science Verlag, 130-131 MARNETTE, S. (2004):
Stressechokardiographie unter aktiver und passiver Belastung beim herzgesunden Pferd.
Hannover, Tierärztl. Hochschule, Diss.
MARR, C.M. (1992):
Aquired valvular heart disease.
In: Robinson, N.E. (Hrsg.):
Current therapy in equine heart disease.
3. Aufl., W.B. Saunders-Verlag, Philadelphia
MARZOCCHI, A., G. PIOVACCARI, M. ZIMARINO, A. BRANZI und B. MAGNANI (1995):
Adjustment of pulmonary capillary wedge pressure for wave delay increases the accuracy of mitral wave area measurement.
J. Heart Valve Dis. 4(3), 242-246
MATHIEU-COSTELLO, O., D.C. WILFORD, Z. FU, R.M. GARDEN und J.B. WEST (1995):
Pulmonary capillaries are more resistant to stress failure in dogs than in rabbits.
J. Appl. Physiol. 79(3), 908-917
MC ENTEE, K., C. CLERCX, D. SOYEUR, H. AMORY, C. MICHAUX, T. FLANDRE, E.
JONVILLE, C. PYNNAERT, N. MISERQUE und M. HENROTEAUX (2001):
Usefulness of dobutamine stress tests for detection of cardiac abnormalities in dogs with experimentally induced early left ventricular dysfunction.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 62(3), 448-455
MC ENTEE, K., H. AMORY, B. PYPENDOP, M. BALLIGAND, C. CLERCX, C.
MICHAUX, O. JACQMOT, F. ROBERT, P. GERARD, T. POCHET und M.
HENROTEAUX (1998a):
Effects of dobutamine on isovolumic and ejection phase indices of cardiac contractility in conscious healthy dogs.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 64, 45-50
MC ENTEE, K., H. AMORY, C. CLERCX, D. SOYEUR, C. MICHAUX, O.
VANHAEVERBEEK, O. JACQMOT und M. HENROTEAUX (1998b):
Physiologic response to dobutamine infusion during cardiac stress testing of dogs.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 59(9), 1160-1165
MC ENTEE, K., C. CLERCX, B. PYPENDOP, D. PEETERS, M. BALLIGAND, V. D´ORIO und M. HENROTEAUX (1996):
Cardiac performance in conscious healthy dogs during dobutamine infusion.
Am. J. Vet. Res. 61, 234-239 MC EWEN, B.S. (1999):
Stress and Hippocampal Plasticity.
Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 22, 105-122
MC GURRIN, M.K.J., P.W. PHYSICK-SHEARD, D.G. KENNEY, C. KERR und W.J.
BRAD HANNA (2005) :
Transvenous Electrical Cardioversion of Equine Atrial Fibrillation: Technical Considerations.
J. Vet. Intern. Med. 19, 695-702
MENENDEZ, B., S. GARCIA DEL VALLE, R.C. MARCOS, J. AZOFRA und J. GOMEZ-ARNAU (1996):
Left superior vena cava: a vascular abnormality discovered following pulmonary artery catheterization.
Can. J. Anaesth. 43(6), 626-628
MERTES, H., S.G. SWADA, T. RYAN, D.S. SEGAR, R. KOVACS, J. FOLZ und H.
FEIGENBAUM (1993):
Symptoms, adverse effects and complications associated with dobutamine stress echocardiography.
Circulation 88, 5-19 MILLER, R.M. (2001):
Circulation 88, 5-19 MILLER, R.M. (2001):