Institute of Agricultural Economics, Sofia

Munich Personal RePEc Archive

An approach for assessing farm’s sustainability

Bachev, Hrabrin

Institute of Agricultural Economics, Sofia

2005

Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/76755/

MPRA Paper No. 76755, posted 11 Feb 2017 15:09 UTC

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ocHoBHara Sepuepcra

lefiHocr Heuo

rroBeqe, 3a re3u

"o6urectgeHl4" H

"nory-o6uecrseHn" npo.[yxru ("pub- lic"

and "quasi

public"

goods) He cbrrlecrByBar na3apu

pIJIH nbx re Oynrqr.roHlrpar MHoro Hee0errneHo.

floHexe

noAoOHH

npoAyrou

ca "He'r-bpryeMu"

$epuepr,r

^HrMa crnMynn Aa rr4 npou3BexAa

s

Freo6xorur\rvr pa3Mep 3a 3aAoBoJrflBane Ha o6uecreeHoro rbpceHe. 3a

e$emne-

Horo H3nbJIHeHHe Ha noAobHH

"o6ulectgeHfi"

_$yHxurara

rra

$eprrlr,rre

fi npon3BoAcrBoro

Ha neo6xoAuMoTo KonHqecrBo or "rro3HTHBHH crpaHuqHu

e$exrn"

(positive externalities)

or

3eMeneirilero, e Heo6xolnlao

pa:pa6or-

BaHero H npunaraHero Ha Apyrr4 (nena":apHra) uexaHn:uu 3aynpaBneHne" Taxa HanpnMep, e Eeponeftcrcnr cblo3l,r B

Apyrlr

pzulBr4ru crpaHra

(CAI{, llleeftuapnx, 9noHux)

rrrnpor(o ce H3noJr3ear "o6urecrBeHn KoHTpaKrH" c HHAII- BHAY?Isltre $eprr,lepu ^sa "ynpaBreHHe ua cuad,u.sBaHero c eKonoruqFrr{

ycnyru"

B coquarHo xenaHoro HHBo (,aen- Hocr no 3a[a3BaHe ra nolo6pxBaHe Ha oKoJrHara cpeAa

or

Qepvrure).

CreAoearerrHo cneABa Aa ce pa3rpaHnqana (ynpae-

JreHr4er0 Ha) ycroftvuBocrra Ha $eprrlara or ynpaBJreHuero Ha

ycrofivuBoro

arpapHo pa3Bnrue.

Bqcoxara ycrofi-

qfiBocT Ha r{KoHoMHqecKHTe cTpyr(ryps He 3Haqn Henpe- MeHHo ycrofiuneo pa3Burr4e8. ,{uec ^{Ber{e e} ao6pe n3Bec- THo, qe

ycroftuueocrra

He Mo)Ke aa6tAe e$exrunuo Aoc- TurHara xato "'crpaHlrqeH

pe:ynrar" or

r,t3IIflJIo reueHTpa-

n H3r4paH H 4efi

crnnn

(ceoSolHa rra3apna Konr(ypeurrr4r, qacrHu 14 KoJreKTHBHr4 HHr4uuarunn).

Ts

lrsncxsa e$ex-

TUBHT4 ynpaBnsBaulH H CaHKUT4OHVpaWU MeXaHH3Ml,t,

B Kr rcr{ Baru vt u gHav'vrer sa o6 ue ^{crBeH a} (r o rar u a, ^H ar{r4 o- HaJrHa, TpaHcHaunoHanHa) HaMeca B na3apHr4Te u qacrHu TpaH3ar(qrr4 Ha vt1vrBn^y€LrrHure areHTr4. Ouesxara sa

ycrofiuueocrra

Ha orAeJrHure rHnoBe

$epuu

u Qepuep- cKH opraHV3aw4lr or Apyra crpaHa, rpr6na Aa ce ocHoBaBa Ha aHiLJrr43a Ha pa3nr4qHr{Te THnoBe TpaH3aKqHH ynpaBnr-

BaHH or re3lr crpyKTypr4 H Ha rflxHara cpaBHr4Tenna

e$er-

THBHOCT nO OTHOrrreHUe Ha Zr[TepHarr4BHUTe OpfaHH3aUnI4 (narap, KoHTpaKT, Bbrpe tu Ha ¹⁴ HTerpa[r4r, KoorepupaHe, xra6pn4Hr.r $oprrau c

yqacr[e

Ha o6uecrBeHu areHr.Il4u H

rH.).

@epnaara Karo yrrpaBJreHqecrca crpyrtrypa

HHe craqraMe, qe

ycrofiuunocrra

Ha $eplaara

rpr6na

Aa ce ocHoBaBa ua "6yxaarHvrfl" cMHcbJI Ha ro3r4 TepMHH H Aa Ce pa:6r,rpa Karo cucme-MHa xapoKmepucmuKo ^kr cnoco6uocm

da

cbr4ecm6y6a 6b6 6peMemo.

B Atnro-

cpoq eH rIJIaH He sbulecTByBa r{KoHoM r,rq ec Ka opraH r43aurur, Korro ne e eQercruBHa,

mfi

raro B rrporuBeH cny,rafi ^Tx ule 6rae 3aMeHeHa or no-eSeKTr4BHa opraHr43arrna (6 a

u

^{e B,}

2000a). CreAoeareJrno, rpo6neMbr 3a oqeHKa Ha

ycroft-

rrr.rBocrra

na

_$eprraHTe

e

Henocpe,{crBeHo cBbp3aH c oueHxara ua

$arropnre

^H paBHuruero na e$erruBHocr Ha

$epnarare.

B

rpaar,ruuoHHara

(Heoxracnuecxa)

I,IKoHoMHKa

$eprvrara e ilpeAcraBeHa Karo "npou3noAcrBeHa crpyK-

rypa"

^{H a*anv3br na} eQexruBHocrra ce orpaHr4qaBa Ao rrpoil3BoAcrBHeHr,rre pa3xoAn ("ornHuu 3aw4fl Ha rexHoJro-

q 14 rec Kr4Te Qarropu ^{gbrJr ac Ho M apx u Han Horo rrp aB} r.rJro" ).

HHe aeqe AoKa3axMe, qe _ro3r.r no,uxo.( He Moxe

\ao6ncnu

aucoKama

ycrofiuneocr

Ha orAenHr4Te rr4rroBe _Seprrar.r

(c arnr o:aloBoJrr Barrln ce, Koorrep ;a;rutBv1. M ilJr Krr r(oM epcuzrn- Hr4, roJreMu

arpo-$npMn) cbc

3Haqr4TeJrHo pa3nr4qr4e B

"HnBara na e$emueHocr" y Hac (E a ru e e, 2000e).

OceeH c npor3BoAcrBeHu pa3xoAn MoAepHoro $ep- MepcrBo (xamo ri BcrKaApyra HKoHoMlilrecxaAefiHocr) ^e cB6p3aHo ^pt cbc 3HaqHTeJrHV mpaH3aKquoHHu pasxodue ^. Heo6xo,ar.rMu ca orpoMHr4 pzrrxoAn 3a HaMl{paue ua Haft- .uo6pu ttaprHbopn u uesu, ^3a AoroBaprHe

ycnoBntra

Ha pa3MtHa u 3a "HanI4cBaHe" Ha KoHTpaKrHTe, 3a KoH'I?o- nr{paHe H oc[opBaHe ^Ha AofoBopeHocrure, 3a 3auIHTa Ha npaBara Ha

codcreeuocr

14 T.H. PauuoHarHure arpapHu areHTr4 rr{e

rbpcrl

ur6upar ulunupa3BuBar Hafi-eQerrHa-

unre

(nafi-eeruur.r) ipoprvru 3a opraHu3auut Ha

rexnure

TpaH3ar(4H H, KOHTO,[a M LTHHMI43 HpaT TtX Hara O rpaH Hr{ e Ha paqHOHrLnHocT H Aa 3auIHTaBaT TeXHHTe HHBeCTUllHl4 H

(a6conrorHure u AoroBopeHu) [paBa or

B'b3MoxeH onoprroHn3bMr0

.B

danzocpoueH nepuod ^e sel{e,l,eJll4ero iue JLoMHHrapar

(ue

ca ycrofiur.lnn) canto e$exrunul4

yn-

* I,lclopuRra Ha HKoHoMHqecKoro t4 Ht{crHTyuHoHz}JtHo pa3BHTHe e nbr}Ia

c

npHMepH 3a "npoBanu" Aoraro opl'aHu3atllloHuara MoAepHu3ar{Hs o6uxnoseHHo e rroJroxnTereH ilpr.rMep (North 1990, Williamson ^1996).

'

^{Aopra !i B} llpr"tMnTlrBHo Harypa:rHo cronaHcrBo crqecrByBar pa3xoan 3a rpar{3aKrlltfl Mexay ^qneHoBere Ha Sepuara. IIpn eaHornqul't rllepnrn ilrorar Aa ca Harnue BilcoKl.r (rpaularunonun) pa3xoan 3a [pe,Elra3BaHe

or

Hexer,laHa "pa3MtHa"

-

^{xpax6a n r.H.}

30