ability to respond to security threats would be enhanced in times of enemy military provocations or terror attacks during peace and times of war.
2. Initial Operational Response and the Establishment of the Mobilization Support System for Stabilization Operations.
7KH0LQLVWU\RI1DWLRQDO'HIHQVHLVPRGLI\LQJWKH0RELOL]DWLRQ6XSSRUW 6\VWHPIRUWKH6WDELOL]DWLRQ2SHUDWLRQDO8QLWV1 in the aftermath of the expansion of the operational areas, the establishment and enlargement of 0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH'LYLVLRQVDQG3UHFLVLRQ5HSOHQLVKPHQW%DWWDOLRQV2 required to conduct initial operations.
0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH'LYLVLRQVDQG3UHFLVLRQ5HSOHQLVKPHQW%DWWDOLRQV are responsible for augmenting the frontline units during the initial phase of RSHUDWLRQV6RIDU0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH'LYLVLRQVKDYHEHHQHVWDEOLVKHGDQG augmented to support frontline units. In 2010, the Precision Replenishment
%DWWDOLRQVUHSODFHGWKH0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH'LYLVLRQV$VZDUWLPHRSHUDWLRQDO areas are extended to cover the entire North Korean region, the MND has EHJXQWRXSJUDGHWKH0RELOL]DWLRQ6XSSRUW6\VWHPWRHQVXUHEHWWHUH[HFXWLRQ RIZDUWLPHRSHUDWLRQVRIVWDELOL]DWLRQRSHUDWLRQXQLWVDQGUHDUDUHDXQLWV of Homeland Reserve Divisions. The former is engaged in civil-military operations, while the latter is responsible for security in rear areas.
3. Managing Mobilized Resources and Improving the Execution System
| The Mobilization of Troops and Materials |
The MNDLV LPSURYLQJ WKH PRELOL]DWLRQ RI 5HVHUYH 'LYLVLRQV DQG 3UHFLVLRQ 5HSOHQLVKPHQW%DWWDOLRQVLQFRQVLGHUDWLRQRIWKHPRELOL]DWLRQGHVLJQDWLRQ ratio,3PRELOL]DWLRQGHVLJQDWLRQPHWKRGDQGGHVLJQDWLRQSULRULWLHVSHUWDLQLQJ WRWKHIXWXUHPRELOL]DWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVWKDWPD\UHVXOWIURPPLOLWDU\IRUFH restructuring. It is also anticipating the scope of the resources that could EHPRELOL]HGWKURXJKVLPXODWLRQVDWHDFK5HJLRQDO0LOLWDU\0DQSRZHU Administration.
1. Stabilization Operations Unit The unit responsible for stabilizing the operational zones in the face of military or non-military threats to national security during peace or war times.
2. Precision Replenishment Battalions The units responsible for mobilizing and forming troops, from the Homeland Reserve Divisions, in to battalions in the event that the frontline divisions or corps were to suffer heavy casualties.
3. Mobilization Designation Ratio The ratio of personnel and material resources designated according to the requirements of wartime mobilization
Section 4. Building Up Strong Reserve Forces
151
7KH 01' LV UHYLVLQJ WKH 3HUVRQQHO 0RELOL]DWLRQ 6\VWHP VR WKDW PRELOL]HGWURRSVFDQEHSXWLQWRRSHUDWLRQLPPHGLDWHO\6RIDUWURRSV KDYHEHHQPRELOL]HGWRXQLWVLQWKHYLFLQLW\RIWKHLUUHVLGHQFHVRUWRRWKHU GHVLJQDWHGXQLWV8QGHUWKHQHZV\VWHPWURRSVZLOOEHPRELOL]HGWRWKH units they used to serve in when they were active in the military. The 0RELOL]DWLRQ'HVLJQDWLRQ5DWLRRIVXLWDEOH026KROGHUVDQGUHVHUYH forces – for those who have been reservists for four or less years – will be increased by expanding the designated areas to include the entire nation. In addition, the scope of similar specialties will be expanded.
0HDVXUHVDUHEHLQJVWXGLHGWRVWUHQJWKHQWKHYHUL¿FDWLRQRIWKHVXLWDELOLW\
RIWKHUHTXLUHPHQWVWRHIIHFWPRELOL]DWLRQDQGWRPDNHHIILFLHQWXVHRI TXDOLW\UHVRXUFHVLQWKHSULYDWHVHFWRUWRERRVWWKHPRELOL]DWLRQHIIRUWV Corporations with excellent production rates, or new products or new WHFKQRORJ\ZLOOEHGHVLJQDWHGIRUPRELOL]DWLRQ'HVLJQDWHGHQWHUSULVHVIRU PRELOL]DWLRQZLOOJRWKURXJKWUDLQLQJWRDGMXVWPRELOL]DWLRQDQGWRLPSURYH WKHLUSURGXFWLRQUDWHV)XWXUHPRELOL]DWLRQLQWKHFLYLOLDQVHFWRUZLOORFFXU WRDOORZIRUWKHVLPXOWDQHRXVPRELOL]DWLRQRISHUVRQQHODQGPDWHULDOV
| Defense mobilization information system |
The MNDLVJUDGXDOO\GHYHORSLQJWKH'HIHQVH0RELOL]DWLRQ,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP The first phase of system development, concerning the management and training of reserve forces, was completed in June 2006. This resulted in a more efficient reserve forces by establishing the Daily Resource 6HWWOHPHQW6\VWHPDQGWKHFRPSXWHUL]HGWUDLQLQJV\VWHPIRUWKHUHVHUYH IRUFHVLQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWKWKH2I¿FHRI0LOLWDU\0DQSRZHU$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ The first phase also laid the foundation for establishing a battalion level training and management system. The second phase of the system, which completed in August 2008, helped simplify the relevant administrative ZRUNVXFKDVGHWHUPLQLQJWKHPRELOL]DWLRQUHTXLUHPHQWVYHULI\LQJWKH available resources, coordinating and consulting, reporting the outcome of PRELOL]DWLRQDQGGHVLJQDWLQJDQGPDQDJLQJHOLWHSHUVRQQHO
7KHWKLUGSKDVHRIV\VWHPGHYHORSPHQWZKLFKLQYROYHVWKHPRELOL]DWLRQ RIPDWHULDOVVLQFH1RYHPEHULVWRHVWDEOLVKDQDWLRQZLGHPRELOL]DWLRQ management system in conjunction with the agencies concerned. Such a
system would support the Emergency Information System of the Ministry of Public Administration and Safety. By 2011, the foundation will be established on which national resources can be managed efficiently and PRELOL]HGDWVKRUWQRWLFH
4. Managing the Reserve Forces and Establishing an Operational System
| Organization and resource management |
The reserve IRUFHVDUHFODVVL¿HGDVWKH0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH)RUFHDQG+RPHODQG'HIHQVH 5HVHUYH)RUFHGHSHQGLQJRQWKHPLVVLRQ7KH0RELOL]HG5HVHUYH)RUFHLV composed of reserve force personnel that are discharged from active duty within four years. They function as augmenters to reinforce active units in FDVHVZKHQXQLWVDUH¿UVWHVWDEOLVKHGDXJPHQWHGRUORVW7KH+RPHODQG Defense Reserve Force is composed of reserve forces that are discharged IURPDFWLYHGXW\IURP¿YHWRHLJKW\HDUV,WFRQGXFWVKRPHODQGGHIHQVHRS-erations in the respective areas of responsibility (AOR).Retired officers, warrant officers, and non-commissioned officers are obliged to attend reserve forces training they reach the retirement age,4 and eight years for enlisted service members as stipulated in the Military Per-sonnel Management Act.
0DOHDQGIHPDOH.RUHDQFLWL]HQVDJHGRUDERYHFDQYROXQWHHUWRVHUYH in the reserve forces. About 10,000 volunteers, including women, as of March 2010 were enrolled as members of the Homeland Defense Reserve )RUFHV7KHVL]HRIWKHUHVHUYHIRUFHVVWRRGDWPLOOLRQDVRI0DUFK 2010 and are composed of reserve forces at the Eup, Myeon and Dong regional level and reserve forces in workplaces. The status of the reserve forces is shown in Table 6-2.
The Establishment Ceremony of the 50th Division Reserve Forces (Daegu, Dec. 2009)
4. Retirement Age
The retirement ages of active duty personnel by rank: Sergeant First Class (E7) 45, Master Sergeant (E9) 53, Major 45, Lieutenant Colonel 53, Colonel 56.
Years passed following discharge from active duty Composition Within one
Table 6-2. Status of the Reserve Forces (As of March 2010)
Unit: 10 thousand
Section 4. Building Up Strong Reserve Forces
153
| Establishing reserve forces management organization |
As SDUWRIPLOLWDU\UHVWUXFWXULQJWKH0RELOL]DWLRQ6XSSRUW*URXS+RPHODQG Defense Reserve Battalion, and Reserve Force Education and Training Group will be established to manage the reserve forces more efficiently.7KH 0RELOL]DWLRQ 6XSSRUW *URXS ZKLFK ZLOO EH HVWDEOLVKHG LQ HDFK Homeland Reserve Division, will manage the resources, equipment and materials related to the precision replenishment battalion, conduct PRELOL]DWLRQWUDLQLQJGXULQJSHDFHWLPHSURYLGHVXSSRUWIRUHVWDEOLVKLQJWKH Replacement BN and augment the frontline forces in wartime. As of 2010, WKH0RELOL]DWLRQ6XSSRUW*URXSZDVHVWDEOLVKHGLQWKUHHGLYLVLRQV$WRWDO RIHOHYHQGLYLVLRQVZLOOEHKRPHWR0RELOL]DWLRQV6XSSRUW*URXSVE\
The Homeland Defense Reserve Battalion will start being established in 2014. It will replace the Resources Management Battalion, which is composed of active duty personnel in each city-gun-gu level local government, under the command of Homeland Reserve Division. The Homeland Defense Reserve Battalion is to conduct homeland defense and regional stability operations, during war and peace times, such as in areas UHODWLQJWRWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQDQGPDQDJHPHQWRIUHVHUYHIRUFHVFRPPDQG and control of regional reserve forces, and preparation against terror attacks and natural disasters. The Reserve Force Education and Training Group will train the reserve forces after the consolidation of some 200 training centers to 46 advanced Reserve Force Education and Training Centers starting in 2014. The facilities of the Reserve Force Education and Training Group will become user-friendly public places, taking the form of public parks, sports facilities, experience learning centers, and security educational centers.