This file is Online Resource 1 related to

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This file is Online Resource 1 related to Three-dimensional thermomechanical converting of CTMP substrates: Effect of bonding agents and mineral filling (Laukala T, Ovaska S-S, Kerttula N, Backfolk K)

The file contains two tables and seven figures describing the properties of handsheets prepared for 3D forming experiments.

Table 1 Identifier numbers of the handsheets and their composition. Ash, cationic starch and moisture contents were measured using the ready-made sheets, while MFC is given as a targeted, gravimetrically controlled dose.

Ident. Sheet type

Ash content, 525±25 °C

[%]

MFC, targeted

dose [%]

Starch [%]

Moisture, 50 % rh [%]

Moisture, 80% rh [%]

1 CTMP 0.7 - - 7.82 11.96

2 CTMP&PCC-CTMP 3.8 - - 7.35 12.34

3 CTMP&PCC-CTMP 12.3 - - 6.76 11.08

4 CTMP&PCC-CTMP 15.4 - - 6.41 10.93

5 CTMP&PCC(MFC) 8.8 3.6 - 6.66 11.56

6 CTMP&PCC(MFC) 25.0 3.6 - 5.85 9.47

7 CTMP&PCC(CS) 8.5 - 1.0 7.54 11.75

8 CTMP&PCC(CS) 14.1 - 1.0 6.91 10.62

9 CTMP(MFC) 0.7 1.6 - 8.24 11.08

10 CTMP(MFC) 0.7 4.8 - 7.56 11.9

11 CTMP(MFC) 9.0 1.6 - 7.44 11.61

12 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC) 8.6 4.8 - 7.28 11.14

13 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC) 15.3 1.6 - 6.56 11.08

14 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC) 16.7 4.8 - 6.59 10.97

15 CTMP(CS) 0.7 - 0.8 7.89 12.44

16 CTMP(CS) 0.7 - 0.9 7.83 12.53

17 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(CS) 7.7 - 0.7 7.28 11.98

18 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(CS) 7.6 - 1.0 7.26 12.45

19 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(CS) 17.7 - 0.8 6.51 10.63

20 CTMP&PCC-CTMP(CS) 15.8 - 1.2 6.9 11.07

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Ident. Length [mm]

Width

[µm] factor [%]

Fines

[%] kink angle [°]

Kinks per mm

Kinks per fiber

Kink index

1 1.57 41.4 89.5 10.2 41.70 0.19 0.22 0.42

2 1.59 41.7 89.6 10.2 42.40 0.19 0.22 0.42

3 1.56 42.5 89.7 11.4 42.50 0.19 0.22 0.42

4 1.58 42.0 89.8 11.7 43.50 0.20 0.23 0.45

5 1.51 40.5 90.0 14.6 41.60 0.20 0.23 0.44

6 1.55 40.5 89.6 13.8 41.40 0.20 0.23 0.44

7 1.56 41.9 89.7 10.9 42.90 0.19 0.23 0.44

8 1.58 42.5 89.5 10.6 42.90 0.19 0.22 0.42

9 1.55 40.9 89.8 11.4 43.00 0.19 0.22 0.43

10 1.53 40.0 89.4 14.9 42.70 0.21 0.24 0.48

11 1.58 41.9 89.6 12.1 41.80 0.20 0.23 0.45

12 1.53 41.3 89.4 15.9 41.10 0.21 0.24 0.47

13 1.56 42.0 89.6 13.2 42.90 0.20 0.23 0.45

14 1.54 41.0 89.7 17.3 41.20 0.20 0.24 0.45

15 1.59 41.6 89.6 9.6 43.60 0.20 0.24 0.46

16 1.58 42.0 10.4 42.20 0.20 0.23 0.45

17 1.59 42.0 89.5 10.2 43.30 0.20 0.23 0.45

18 1.53 41.3 89.5 11.6 41.60 0.20 0.23 0.45

19 1.54 42.2 89.3 12.0 41.80 0.20 0.24 0.46

20 1.58 42.4 89.5 11.9 42.30 0.20 0.24 0.45

PCC-

CTMP 1.53 41.7 90.7 13.5 41.70 0.18 0.21 0.41

MFC 0.38 19.3 85.7 110.0 43.30 1.02 0.11 2.29

0 5 10 15 20 25

2.5 3.0 3.5

4.0 CTMP CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC)

Linear (CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC)) CTMP&PCC(MFC) Linear (CTMP&PCC(MFC)) CTMP&PCC-CTMP Linear (CTMP&PCC-CTMP) CTMP&PCC-CTMP(CS)

Ash content [%]

B u lk [ cm 3 /g ]

Figure 1 Effect of sheet ash content on bulk

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0 5 10 15 20 25 10

15 20

25 CTMP CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC)

Ash content [%]

Fo rm at o n [ g /m 2 ]

Figure 2 Effect of sheet ash content on formation

0 5 10 15 20 25

0 100 200 300 400 500 600

Ash content [%]

El as t c m o d u lu s [M Pa ]

Figure 3 Effect of sheet ash content on elastic modulus

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0 5 10 15 20 25 0

100 200 300 400

Ash content [%]

Te n si le s t f n es s [k N m /g ]

Figure 4 Effect of sheet ash content on tensile stiffness

0 5 10 15 20 25

0 5 10 15

CTMP CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC)

Linear (CTMP&PCC-CTMP(MFC)) CTMP&PCC(MFC) Linear (CTMP&PCC(MFC)) CTMP&PCC-CTMP

Ash content [%]

B en d in g st f n es s [m N m ]

Figure 5 Effect of sheet ash content on bending stiffness

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0 5 10 15 20 25 0

1 2

Ash content [%]

Te n si le s tr en gt h [ kN /m ]

Figure 6 Effect of sheet ash content on tensile strength

0 5 10 15 20 25

0 20 40 60 80 100

This file is Online Resource 1 related to