CATALOGUE: GRAVES 173

GRAVE 137

Section 6 D. P1. 103.

One of the 136 family cluster of graves around the stele platform, and, like 136 and 138, containing no offerings. Just to the south was the urn burial, 139.

Excavation number: 106.

Skeleton: fairly well preserved; contracted position, with head to east.

Skeleton: well preserved; contracted position, head to east.

GRAVE 139 Section 6 D.

A child's burial in the 136 family cluster, found on the south side of 137. The burial was described as a coarse pithos containing nothing but bones. Perhaps the container, which was not inventoried, was an amphora such as 194.

GRAVE 140

Section 7 D.

An urn burial at the east end of 136, and part of the family cluster around the stele platform. Like 139, it was described as a coarse pithos containing nothing but bones.

GRAVE 141

Section 8 A. Frontispiece, Pls. 16, 19, 85, 86, 103.

Apparently the earliest grave in the small family cluster in which 142, 143, and 163 represent the children, and 161 another adult. The series seems to progress from east to west (unlike most of the Ceme- tery clusters) to 164, 240, 252, 268, 262; the disturbed line which includes 222 probably also belongs. The offerings in these graves were of unusually good quality, and in this cluster was found the one series of markers (141, 144, 164, 243) which can definitely be dated later than the Protocorinthian period. The hexagonal stone found on the north side of the Roman 515 is identified with some doubt as the marker for 141. See also 516 for re-used fourth century stelai.

Middle Corinthian.

Disintegrated. Probably all with flat elliptical head with small knob on top. Found in general area of shoulders.

POTTERY, CORINTHIAN

141-2 (T3177). Figured skyphos. P1. 86.

H. 0.076; d. 0.11; d. foot 0.047. In handle zone row of vertical lines (not quite zigzags); above and below frieze, narrow dotted line; narrow, crowded rays at base. Frieze of silhouette goats to right; small, irregular filling ornaments.

141-3 (T3174). Globular oinochoe with pattern deco- ration.

H. 0.079; d. 0.063; d. foot 0.048. On shoulder, incised tongues colored red and white; below, wide band of colored lines (rw and wr); on lower body, seven horizontal rows of dots. In shape, a small ver- sion of the usual globular oinochoe, but with mouth and neck disproportionately large.

141-4 (T3175). Broad-bottomed oinochoe, black- glazed.

H. 0.165; h. with handle 0.17; d. 0.167; w. lid 0.08.

Thin neck with ring. On neck ring, white dots; on shoulder colored lines (wwrrww), the red lines wide;

on lower body, another band (wwrww) above zone of rays.

Cf. Leipzig T4762, CVA, I, pl. 40, and refs., p. 48.

Cf. also the Boston example with shoulder tongues, Fairbanks, pl. 45, no. 472, and another in the Hague, CVA, I (III C), pl. 3, 2; a third, also with tongues (KP 69) came from an EC-MC context in the Potters'

Quarter at Corinth.

141-5 (T3171). Figured amphora with lid. Frontis- piece, PI. 85.

H. 0.215; d. 0.154; d. foot 0.079; h. lid 0.04; d. lid 0.083. Neck amphora with deep echinus mouth. On mouth, reserved line top and bottom edges, rest black with three red lines; on neck, vertical zigzags;

on lower body wide black band with colored lines (rww and wr) above zone of rays with one squiggle on side B; foot black with white and red lines (wr).

Side A: cocks comb to comb over double palmette design; cock at left with incised zigzag on wing bar, rows of purple dots on breast; cock at right the same but with incised scales on the breast. Side B: elab- orate quadruple lotus, with unattached "cones."

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Incised filling ornament, and two large rosettes on Side B near handles. For color, see Frontispiece.

Lid: cup-like form resembling a kalathos, but the interior barely deeper than the width of the rim;

unglazed except for black line at top edge, and purple on outside of rim. Found at foot of grave.

Published: A.J.A., XXXIV, 1930, pp. 420f., fig. 13;

Art and Arch., XXXI, 1931, p. 230, fig. opp. p. 225;

Arch. Anz., 1931, cols. 245, 246, figs. 19 and 20; see also Benson, GKV, p. 130, no. 1092. The closest published parallel to the cocks is on the protome pyxis in the British Museum (Necrocorinthia, no. 887, p. 75, fig. 20, F), particularly close in respect to the individual treatment of the two birds. The rather fine drawing of the pyxis seems so modest that I find it difficult to believe that it is by the same hand as the bold and splashy decoration of the amphora, as sug- gested by Amyx, even if one takes into account the difference in the vase shapes (Amyx, p. 217; see also Hopper, p. 243, 3). The plate from Ithaka (B.S.A., XXXIX, 1938-1939, pls. 11, 12) seems to be by still a third hand. I have not seen the red-ground amphora in Taranto from Vaccarella mentioned by Hopper (p.

244, 9).

There are a number of very close parallels to the lotus design, most of them on flat-bottomed arybal- loi. Basically, the design is that shown in Necrocorin- thia, p. 147, fig. 54, B; compare particularly the examples with cones: Necrocorinthia, nos. 827, 831 (Oxford, CVA, II (III C), pl. 5, 1), and the example in Reading, CVA, I, pl. 6, 1; the design appears also on two alabastra, KP 2605 and 1698a from the Pot- ters' Quarter at Corinth. For the squiggle, see also the skyphoi, 147-1, 156-3, and Necrocorinthia, p. 295, no. 686 and note 2. For the lid, Perachora, I, pi. 33, no. 15; another similar was found in the Potters' Quarter, KP 1318.

141-6 (T3172). Figured pyxis with convex sides. PI. E.

H. with lid 0.131; d. 0.127; d. foot 0.091. Unusually low, squat body. Tongues on top surface of rim;

below, from top to bottom, band of short tongues, sigma pattern, triple dotted band, frieze, short rays.

Red for figures only. Two sirens with raised wings facing swan with closed wings, right; also two panthers, lion, goat, and second swan. Red on lower face and upper breast of sirens; elsewhere the usual distribu- tion. Lid with high knob (as for concave-sided pyxid- es); black bands on knob; around, tongues, black lines, double-dotted band, and red line at edge.

Published: A.J.A., XXXIV, 1930, pp. 420, f., fig.

14; Art and Arch., XXXI, 1931, pp. 230, 231; Hopper, p. 211, no. 9; Benson, GKV, p. 130, no. 1093. Prob- ably by the same hand, but a slighter work, is the pyxis in Athens, Kerameikos, VI, i, p. 147, pl. 66, and Arch. Anz., 1934, col. 206, fig. 4, dated about 590-580.

141-7 (T3176). Pattern pyxis with concave sides.

H. with lid 0.073; d. 0.09. Very low wide bowl; flat

lid with wide knob, the top with concentric grooves.

On bowl, reserved band at rim with large dots;

second reserved line just below, and third above foot;

purple lines on black wall. Top and sides of knob purple, remainder of lid black with purple lines.

Black rings inside of bowl.

From the same workshop as 142-e. A unique knob for this shape of pyxis; for the grooving, cf. the fifth century unglazed lekanides, 346-2 and X-220.

GRAVE 142

Section 8 A. Pls. 17, 19, 103.

This child's grave belongs to the 141 family group, and a strong family resemblance may be noted among the offerings in this and the other burials of the cluster: first, an unglazed oinochoe appears here, and in 143 and 163; second, the distinctive lekanis is from the same shop as the pyxis, 141-7; and finally offerings were placed outside this grave as also outside 163 and 165.

The elliptical shape of the sarcophagus is unparalled in the Cemetery. Compare, however, the Protocorin- thian examples, elliptical inside but rectangular with- out: 75, 78, 97, 124. The vases were placed against the east wall of the coffin, just below the level of the cover, except for the lekanis, which was on the north side near the northeast corner of the cover. Middle Corinthian.

Excavation number: 445.

Depth: 0.65.

Sarcophagus: L. 0.53; w. 0.24; d. 0.175; th. 0.04;

elliptical; no stucco.

Cover: L. 0.535; w. 0.33; th. 0.09; rectangular.

Silt: completely filled with earth.

Skeleton: almost entirely disintegrated; head to south.

POTTERY, CORINTHIAN

142-a (T3083). Figured skyphos.

H. 0.05; d. 0.102; d. foot 0.042. Offset rim, low, wide bowl, small ring foot. Inside: short rays, widely spaced at lip; below, narrow red line, three wide black bands, second red line, and on floor, 14-petalled reserved rosette. Outside: net pattern in handle zone;

below, frieze of silhouette figures, eight animals (probably goats) all left, and three birds right; small dots for filling ornament; above foot, short rays; red line above and below handle zone; foot black.

For the shape, cf. Corinth, VII, i, pl. 36, no. 282, Early Corinthian.

142-b (T3085). Pattern skyphos.

H. 0.047; d. 0.073; d. foot 0.035. Vertical zigzags at rim; below, double dotted band between wide red lines; at base, thin, widely spaced rays.

142-c (T3082). Handmade unglazed oinochoe with lid.

H. 0.083; h. with handle 0.095; d. 0.071. Much of wall and half of lid missing.

142-d (T3084). Warrior aryballos.

H. 0.08; d. 0.074. Vertical incisions on shields.

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CATALOGUE: GRAVES 175 142-e (T8081). Pattern lekanis.

H. with lid 0.082; d. 0.142; d. foot 0.065. Wide low bowl with reflex handles; low splayed foot. Flat lid with wide thick knob set on short stem. Red at rim;

below, row of dots in reserved band; short rays at bottom; remainder glazed with two bands of added color (wrw and wrw); red foot. On the underside, black rings. Inside glazed with white line below rim, colored band (wrw) on floor around large red center dot. On lid, rays in reserved zone around knob;

remainder black with two colored bands (wrw and wrw); on top of knob, reserved ring, red at edge, and red center dot.

From the same shop as 141-7. For the lid, cf.

Perachora, I, p. 93, pl. 23, 3; for the shape of the bowl, Necrocorinthia, no. 716, fig. 132.

GRAVE 143

Section 8 A. Pls. 17, 20.

A child's grave in the 141 family cluster, and aligned with 142, another small burial. The vases are not closely datable (the cup is unique), but are probably still Middle Corinthian. Note that 157, with a similar pitcher, also was stucco-lined.

Excavation number: 446.

H. 0.042; d. 0.068. Shallow cup with splayed foot.

On wall, horizontal bands on unglazed surface; no color preserved. The proportions are much like those of the shallow skyphoi of group i (p. 106). The only sixth century example; see p. 129 for later one-han- dled cups.

143-2 (T3087). Handmade unglazed oinochoe.

H. 0.083; h. with handle 0.105; d. 0.082.

GRAVE 144

Section 8 A. P1. 123.

An early sarcophagus, re-used in Roman times (see grave 510). The original burial, of which there are no remains, was part of the same family line as 222, and probably was made in the early sixth century, perhaps contemporary with 141 and 142 to the south.

Just to the east was found a grave marker.

Excavation number: 460.

An early sarcophagus, probably to be dated to the first half of the sixth century, and re-used in Roman times (grave 507). There were no skeletal or other remains from the first burial, which was part of the 159 family group.

Like the near-by 145, an early sarcophagus contain- ing only a Roman burial (508). The sarcophagus probably dates from the first half of the sixth century, and the first burial was part of the same family cluster as 159. The break in the cover and the hole in the west end of the coffin are the work of the

An early sarcophagus, containing both early offer- ings and a fourth century burial (460). The first burial, which was made early in the sixth century, appears to have been normal except for the extraor- dinary number of offerings. With only one other grave (157) were so many vases found, and it is impossible to guess how many more were originally placed in the grave. It seems likely, however, since so many were left, that the fourth century people left most if not all the earlier offerings in the coffin. The sketch of the grave (P1. 103) seems to show a long bone in the southwest corner under the big oinochoe, whichwould indicate that the bones of the sixth century burial had been pushed to one side, as in 171; note that here the entire end of the coffin was cut away in contrast to the smaller door-like section cut from 171 (P1. 105).

The sixth century burial was perhaps a late part of the family complex of empty but probably Protocor- inthian graves to the north; other later graves in the vicinity, perhaps of the same family, are 128, 148, 152, and 160 to the east; see also 274 to the west.

Late Middle Corinthian.

Excavation number: 407.

Depth: 1.35.

Sarcophagus: P.L. 1.25; w. 0.55; th. 0.07; no stucco;

broken.

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Cover: L. 1.78; w. 0.85; th. 0.13; no strap holes;

broken.

Skeleton: see above; orientation north-south.

POTTERY, CORINTHIAN

147-1 (T2929). Figured skyphos. P1. 83.

H. 0.131; d. 0.185; d. foot 0.093. Vertical zigzags at rim; rays at bottom, among them one squiggle; in frieze, siren to left, head turned back, wings spread;

swan and goat to right; many irregular filling orna- ments.

Cf. the series at Taranto, Not. Scav., 1940, p. 327, figs. 17, 18.

147-2 (T2925). Figured skyphos. P1. 83.

H. 0.135; d. 0.185; d. foot 0.091. At rim, vertical zigzags; at bottom, rays; in frieze, panther to right, goat to left, and swan with raised wings to right;

shaded, very irregular filling ornament.

The rosettes are similar to those on the vases of the Patras Painter (see 162-3), and this may be an early work of the artist in an uncharacteristic animal style.

147-3 (T2924). Pattern skyphos.

H. 0.057; d. 0.092; d. foot 0.044. Very shallow with walls curving to small foot; at rim groups of vertical zigzags; below, a series of very fine glazed lines and three wider red ones; long rays at base.

147-4 (T2919). Pattern skyphos.

H. 0.078; d. 0.109; d. foot 0.05. Deep body, small straight foot. Vertical zigzags at rim; on body, three wide red bands alternating with black, the bands separated by rows of small dots; rays at base.

Cf. D 43-a and the example in Oxford, CVA, II (III C), pl. 1, no. 52.

147-5 (T2936). Black-glazed trefoil oinochoe.

H. 0.255; h. with handle 0.294; d. 0.21; d. foot 0.107.

Mouth and neck glazed; on shoulder, incised tongues with color (wbrbwb...); below tongues, wide colored band (wwrww, the red wide); the same on lower body;

rays at base; foot red. In shape, approximately as the MC example, Necrocorinthia, p. 33, fig. 10, G. For more developed examples of the shape, see p. 109.

147-6 (T2926). Black-glazed trefoil oinochoe.

H. 0.123; h. with handle 0.14; d. 0.106; d. foot 0.058.

Small, with wide neck and broad body. No tongues;

on shoulder, colored band (wrwrw); similar band (wrwr) on lower body; no rays; edge of foot reserved.

Cf. Corinth, VII, i, pl. 32, no. 228, Early Corinthian.

147-7 (T2921). Black-glazed broad-bottomed oinochoe with lid.

H. 0.074; h. with lid 0.09; d. 0.071; d. foot 0.066; w.

lid 0.051. A miniature, with short narrow neck, sloping shoulder. Incised tongues on shoulder; no color preserved.

147-8 (T2937). Warrior aryballos.

H. 0.079; d. 0.076. As p. 113.

147-9 (T2928). Warrior aryballos.

H. 0.076; d. 0.072. Under handle, cross in circle.

147-10 (T2931). Warrior aryballos.

H. 0.074; d. 0.071. Vertical incisions on shield, left half glazed, right half purple; under handle, rosette in circle.

H. 0.072; d. 0.069. Comb between lower petals; near handle, three crossed circles, and various small cross- es and dots. As Ure, Aryballoi, pl. 9, nos. 125.b.5 horizontal lines on handle; on body, three red bands alternating with black; on bottom, rosette.

Cf. Necrocorinthia, p. 291, no. 642.

GRAVE 148

Section 7 B. Pls. 17, 20, 83, 103.

Part of the small 128 cluster of early graves. An unusual group of offerings: the two cups, in particular the magnificent Attic kylix, suggest that this is the prototype of such groups as 201, etc. (see p. 97). As in 136, the legs of the skeleton were found in a most extraordinary position. About 585-575 B.C. for the Corinthian cup, and no doubt the same for the Attic.

Excavation number: 123.

Skeleton: much disintegrated; partly contracted position; head to east.

POTTERY, CORINTHIAN

148-1 (T1489). Figured kylix. PI. 83.

H. 0.071; d. 0.18; d. foot 0.071. Low cup with slightly incurved rim, and no offset lip; small, low foot, sharply curved in profile. A: siren to right, looking back, wings spread, standing between two sirens with

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CATALOGUE: GRAVES 177 sickle wings; at 1., under handle, panther left. B:

siren right with spread wings, another left with sickle wing; at left, dove left looking right. Below frieze, one single, one group of four narrow reserved lines; edge of foot reserved. Interior: reserved band with two narrow red lines at rim; three red lines on floor.

Published: Art and Arch., XXIX, 1930, p. 259, fig. 15; mentioned by Payne, Necrocorinthia, p. 343.

D. A. Amyx kindly informs me by letter that this cup is by the same hand as Lausanne 4302 (Necrocor- inthia, no. 978; Zervos, Rhodes, figs. 129, 133); he suggests calling the artist the Lausanne Painter. For another figured cup without lip, see Corinth, VII, i, pl. 37, no. 288, EC or early MC (for general comment on the shape, see also Hopper, pp. 227f.).

POTTERY, ATTIC

148-2 (T1488). Banded kylix of komast shape.

H. 0.096; d. 0.225; d. foot 0.077. Extraordinarily thin, fine fabric, warm pinkish buff in color; slightly metallic glaze. Almost certainly Attic. Reserved lip and handle zone; below, two wide black bands;

lower body and foot black; red lines: one at rim, two at join of lip; two above each black band, three below second; edge of foot reserved. Interior: lip reserved with one red line; on floor, three reserved bands, in which one, two and three red lines respec- tively.

One of the earliest Attic cups of komast shape. For the profile, note the very interesting correspondence with the Protocorinthian example, Necrocorinthia, p.

23, fig. 9 B. A magnificent example of the best Attic pot-making.

GRAVE 149 Section 7 B.

Part of the 128 family group, and aligned with 148 just to the south. Since there were no offerings, the grave is not datable, but it is certainly early, proba- bly seventh or early sixth century. At the east end was found Deposit 1, which perhaps could be the offerings for the grave; the vases, however, were not set against the wall as in 129, 151, etc., and are probably unrelated to 149.

This is one of the three instances of two apparently contemporary skeletons occurring in one grave (see p.

69). The excavator suggested a mother and child;

from the small size of the sarcophagus (small even for contracted burials) it seems also possible that there were two children buried here. There are no indica- tions that the grave was re-used at a later time.

Excavation number: 124.

Skeletons: one large, contracted; one small; both much disintegrated; heads to east.

GRAVE 150 Section 7 B-C.

Another early grave without offerings in the 128 cluster.

Like 149 and 150, an empty grave in the 128 cluster, and probably seventh or early sixth century.

Excavation number: 121.

Urn burial containing a skyphos and a fragment of wood. The large jar was not inventoried, and the skyphos is not datable, but the burial must be sixth century (p. 73), and may well be about contemporary with the near-by graves, 148 etc. The urn was found just east of grave 151, at a depth of 1.35. possibly this was a pattern skyphos.

GRAVE 153

Section 7 D. Pls. 20, 88.

Urn burial, found at a depth of 1.30. The container was a krater covered by a fragment of a coarse pot- tery vessel, and inside was found the one offering, a tripod pyxis. The urn was set between two Geomet- ric graves, 59 and 60. The nearest burials of the classical period are 253 to the northeast, considerably later, and the undatable urn burial 154 to the south- west. The date of 153 is first quarter of the sixth century.

12

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POTTERY, CORINTHIAN

153-1 (T2890). Tripod pyxis with pattern decoration.

P1. 88.

H. with lid 0.058; d. 0.077. Very shallow box with heavy rim; nearly flat lid with low button knob. On box, glazed band at rim and narrow horizontal lines on feet; inside, one glazed ring on floor; on lid, wide band around knob, three narrow lines at edge; nar- row lines on knob. Apparently no added red.

153-2 (T2889). Krater with pattern decoration. P1. 20.

H. 0.255; d. 0.26; d. foot 0.125. Very short neck, body tapering sharply to small flared foot. On rim, diagonal angular zigzags; on handle plates, octofoil with alternating black and reserved leaves. At center of body, double dotted band; above and below, colored band (wrw); probably similar band on lower body; at base, thin, widely spaced rays.

The shape must be Middle Corinthian, even though the multiple pattern is characteristic of aryballoi of the second quarter (Ure, Aryballoi, pp. 45f., for cinquefoils and sixfoils).

GRAVE 154

Section 7 D. Pls. 15, 18.

This urn burial, which was found at a depth of 1.10, had a coarse amphora with a fibula and three small pots inside. The burial was set among geometric and fifth century graves, and the nearest contemporary burial was 153 to the northeast. Middle Corinthian.

BONE AND IRON

BONE AND IRON

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