poor and limited in number (see p. 79), the chances are fairly probable that they had never
CATALOGUE: GRAVES 169 CATALOGUE
CATALOGUE
In this section are presented measurements and brief descriptions of the graves and all the objects of classical and Roman date. This information is, for the most part, in highly abbreviated form. Fuller descriptions of each kind of burial will be found in the introductory section (pp.
71-78ff.). Evidence for re-use, disturbance, and the relationship of the grave to others in the vicinity has, however, been noted in each case. For the objects found in and around the graves, it is to be understood that, where the entry is abbreviated, reference should be made to the summaries and descriptions, pp. 88-168ff. The catalogue of the certain burials is followed by that of the Deposits (pp. 300-313ff.) and the isolated finds (pp. 313-327ff.).
The special usages and abbreviations to be found in the catalogue are as follows:
All graves: depth was measured to the cover of the grave, and measurements were always taken inside the grave (1., length; d., depth; w., width; th., thickness); orientation is listed for the skeleton where preserved, elsewhere given for the grave. For the location of each grave, reference by sections is made to Plan 1.
Sarcophagi: a monolithic sarcophagus and lid may be understood unless otherwise noted;
stucco means a complete lining of box and lid, and the cementing of the lid to the box; all breakage is noted.
Tile- and slab-covered graves: all tiles may be assumed to have been found broken; breakage for poros lids is cited; grave pits are unlined except for the few mentioned.
Skeletons: if not otherwise described, it is to be understood that the skeleton was extended, lying on its back, with arms by the sides; minor variations will be cited only where there is no sketch (Plates 101-123).
Objects: placement of the objects in the grave is noted only where there is no sketch (ab- breviations, h., height; d., diameter; 1., length; p., preserved). Objects found inside the grave have been assigned a number, those outside a letter.
Plate references: at the head of the discussion of each grave are listed all the plates on which objects from that grave are found. The plate on which the group of vases is illustrated is in italics; this number is not repeated after each of the individual vases. Only those plates with photographs of separate vases or with illustrations of other kinds of objects are noted after the individual item.
GRAVES
GRAVE 128
Section 7 C. P1. 18
One of the children's graves in the family cluster which perhaps starts with the series of empty graves (79-85) to the northwest, and continues with those
to the east, 148-152, again empty, except for 148 and 152. Perhaps also related are the more distant 147 and 160.
Grave 128 itself contained no offerings in the sarcophagus, but around it were found a number of
© American School of Classical Studies at Athens For personal use only. License: CC-BY-NC-ND.
objects: on top of the grave, at depth 0.70, a pyxis (128-g) against which had been placed the two bronze disks, with the rings very close by: on the west side, depth 0.85, were 128-f and -h, kalathos and second pyxis; and at the southeast corner (depth 0.95) the skyphos, 128-e. Early Corinthian.
Excavation number: 122.
Depth: 0.81.
Sarcophagus: L. 0.435; w. 0.275; d. 0.18; no stucco.
Cover: L. 0.52; w. 0.39; th. 0.11.
Silt: completely packed with earth.
Skeleton: almost entirely disintegrated; head east or west.
D. 0.01. Very thin metal, slightly concave, pierced in center.
128-d (T1494). The same.
D. 0.013.
POTTERY, CORINTHIAN
128-e (T1501). Figured skyphos.
Rest. h. 0.06; d. foot 0.033. Fragmentary. On wall, running dogs; at base, long rays.
128-f (T1490). Kalathos.
H. 0.043; d. 0.061; d. bottom 0.027. Simple rim, sides tapering to small flat bottom. On exterior, pairs of narrow glazed lines around rim, middle wall, and two red lines at bottom; similar glazed lines inside.
128-g (T1492). Pyxis with concave sides.
H. with lid 0.107; d. 0.103. Below the rim, three nar- row horizontal lines; in wide central zone, vertical stripes marked off by double incision, and colored alternately red, black, and white, with a row of white dots down each black stripe; at the base, row of small triangles. Inside, two wide black bands. On the lid, short petals around the base of the knob, wide band of stripes, probably colored as on box, and at edge double dotted band; on top and around knob, narrow black lines and red band.
Cf. Necrocorinthia, no. 667. See also Perachora, I, pl.
33, no. 14; Delos, XVII, pl. 58, no. 116; and Hesperia, XVII, 1948, pl. 83, no. D65; XXI, 1952, pl. 50, no.
167, pl. 52, no. 172.
128-h (T1491). Powder pyxis.
H. with lid 0.057; d. 0.085. Cylindrical box, the walls very slightly concave; somewhat thickened rim; flat bottom. Flat lid with flange, no knob. On lid and box, bands of glaze, and red and yellow paint. For the shape, cf. 258-4.
GRAVE 129
Section 4 E. Pls. 18, 102, 124.
One of a line of early graves of Protocorinthian and Early Corinthian date strung along the western margin of the north half of the Cemetery; later graves in this line are 162, 171, 182, 244 and 245. In the entire area north of the geometric yard there are, besides the graves just mentioned, only five other sarcophagi with contents of the post-Protocorinthian period (330, 339, 416, 419, and 420, the last three perhaps re-used), and two with secondary burials of the Roman period (183/509 and 184/530). It is possible, however, that some of the empty sarcophagi listed as Protocorinthian may be late seventh or sixth century. The remainder of the later graves are tile- or slab-covered burials, most of them crowded among the early graves in the narrow strips along the eastern and western edges of the Cemetery, leaving the center area empty except for geometric graves and a comp- aratively few late fourth century intrusions.
The lack of contents in most of the graves listed as Protocorinthian and the scanty number of un- disturbed sixth century graves in the area make any attempt at establishing family groups difficult. It is possible, however, that the early graves on the west margin are all related, and they probably fall more or less into a sequence from south to north.
Returning to 129, this was built over geometric grave 47, and near by were found the alabastron X-129, an oinochoe X-125, and two large pots, X-138 and X-139. Grave 129 is to be dated at the end of middle part of the grave, probably near the hand.
POTTERY, CORINTHIAN
129-2 (T2546). Black-glazed skyphos. Fig. 11.
H. 0.065; d. 0.105; d. foot 0.038. Almost conical body with narrow vertical rim slightly offset from wall;
sides tapering sharply to very small flaring foot.
Narrow reserved handle zone; short, widely spaced rays at base; little glaze preserved, probably once lines of added color.
A skyphos of similar shape but without rays was found in the Potters' Quarter, KP 663, in an EC-MC context. Cf. also Corinth, VII, i, pi. 36, nos. 278-282,
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CATALOGUE: GRAVES 171 and Hesperia, XVII, 1948, pl. 80, D 32 to D 35, all,
however, with smaller foot.
129-3 (T2547). Figured aryballos. P1. 124.
H. 0.062; d. 0.055. Tongues on mouth, neck, and bottom; dots on edge of mouth; cross lines on handle.
Two cocks facing, left and right; between, small swan with closed wings, right. A few large unincised filling ornaments.
For the style of the cocks, see Necrocorinthia, p.
75, fig. 20, c, and p. 290, nos. 586ff.
129-4 (T2549). Figured alabastron. P1. 124.
H. 0.07; d. 0.042. Tongues on mouth, neck, and bottom; dots on edge of mouth. Two cocks, left and right; between, double lotus design, the upper member crosshatched, the lower part red with black border, and the round central piece red. A few small incised filling ornaments.
For the style, in particular the crosshatched render- ing of the neck feathers, cf. Delos, X, pl. 29, no. 398, somewhat more carefully drawn. For the floral, see Necrocorinthia, p. 282, nos. 273-276.
129-5 (T2548). Figured alabastron. P1. 124.
H. 0.081; d. 0.047. On mouth alternating black and red tongues; dots on edge; tongues on neck probably black; on bottom, dot rosette. Panther to left; large incised rosettes.
The style is close to that of the aryballoi in Payne's Panther-bird Group, Necrocorinthia, p. 290. Cf. also Dlos, XVII, pl. 56, no. 30, if not by the same hand, very close to it.
GRAVE 130
Section 8 D. Pls. 18, 103.
One of a line of graves probably progressing chrono- logically from west to east: 202, 204, 210, 200, 201, 130, 203, 319, 318; the entire line may be a continua- tion of the parallel series to the south, for which see 132. The vases found in 202, 200, 201 and 130 are by no means easy to date, but it seems likely that the oinochoe in 130 is later than it at first appears, and that both it and the skyphos should date about the middle of the century. This date is more in keeping with the extended position of the skeleton (note arms) and with the presence of the strap holes in the cover, and it preserves the chronological sequence of the line of graves. See also grave 200.
Excavation number: 421.
Depth: 1.10.
Sarcophagus: L. 1.755; w. 0.595; d. 0.50; th. 0.08; no stucco.
Cover: L. 2.12; w. 0.825; th. 0.13; three strap holes.
Silt: 0.04.
Skeleton: fairly well preserved; head to south.
IRON
130-1 (T2978). Two pins.
(A). P.1. 0.048; d. head 0.015; hemispherical head.
(B). P.1. 0.067; d. head 0.012; elliptical head. Both much disintegrated, both found beside left shoulder.
POTTERY, CORINTHIAN
130-2 (T2977). Black-glazed skyphos, group i.
H. 0.075; d. 0.108; d. foot 0.068. Flaring foot as in group i, but added red lines only.
130-3 (T2976). Globular oinochoe.
H. 0.078; h. with handle 0.081; d. 0.091. Coarse pale- buff clay, unglazed, handmade. Squat body, round bottom without foot. The only example of this shape.
GRAVE 131
Section 8 D. Pls. 20, 103.
The earliest datable grave with offerings in the line which starts at the west with 134; for the series as a whole, see 132. Middle Corinthian, about contempo- rary with 160, or a little later.
Excavation number: 419.
Depth: 1.40.
Sarcophagus: L. 1.76; w. 0.595; d. 0.47; th. 0.075;
fine stucco.
Cover: L. 1.96; w. 0.75; th. 0.13; strap holes; bevelled on under side.
Silt: 0.07.
Skeleton: rather disintegrated; head to south.
POTTERY, CORINTHIAN
131-1 (T2972). Black-glazed skyphos, group i.
H. 0.091; d. 0.137; d. foot 0.086. Surface poorly preserved, but probably once red and white lines.
131-2 (T2971). Black-glazed globular oinochoe with lid.
H. 0.14; h. with handle 0.151; d. 0.169; d. foot 0.134;
w. lid 0.075. Very squat body. Shoulder lines wrwrw;
on lower body apparently one white line only.
GRAVE 132
Section 8 D. P1. 79.
This grave, which contained two pins only, is undatable, but it is certainly early, and part of a series which was probably set chronologically from west to east. The line may have begun with 134 (or with some grave in the unexcavated area farther to the west), continuing east to 189, then retracing to the west and starting again with 202 (see, however, grave 200); the children of the family (graves 174to 179, perhaps also Deposits 4 and 6) were set between the two rows of adult burials.
Grave 132, like 133 and 134, had no major offerings, but there is no reason to suppose robbing, in spite of the disturbed areas to the north and east.
Excavation number: 422.
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Skeleton: rather disintegrated; contracted position, head to south.
IRON
132-1 (T2979). Two pins.
(A). D. 0.021. Only head preserved: two flat disks, with small knob at center of top. (B). P.1. 0.087.
Flattened calyx head with small knob at center of top.
GRAVE 133 Section 8 E.
One of the 132 line of early graves. There were no offerings, not even pins. The use of sandstone for the cover is a very early feature.
Excavation number: 426.
Depth: 1.50.
Sarcophagus: L. 1.33; w. 0.552; d. 0.37; th. 0.065; no stucco.
Cover: sandstone slab, L. 1.68; w. 0.745; th. 0.13.
Silt: 0.06. probably the earliest. Note the unusual thickness of the sarcophagus wall. Like 132 and 133, this grave had no vases, and only a single pin was found.
Excavation number: 425.
P.1. 0.063. Probably small disk head.
GRAVE 135
Section 7 C. Pls. 18, 89.
This urn burial is perhaps one of the children's graves belonging to the 136 family cluster around the stele platform to the west. Near by was 140, another urn. The krater, which served as the burial container, was covered by a block of stone; close beside it were found the two small vases, all at a depth of 0.85.
About 600 B.C. or shortly after.
It is unusual to find a hydria replacing the usual pitcher in a group of offerings. Except for this one most doubtful occurrence, the only other evidence for libation deposits at this early date is Deposit 46.
POTTERY, CORINTHIAN
135-1 (T1473). Pattern skyphos.
H. 0.048; d. 0.063; d. foot 0.032. In handle zone, row
of dots; on body, two narrow crosshatched bands between wide red lines; above foot, two black horizontal lines.
135-2 (T1474). Hydria with pattern decoration.
H. 0.072; d. 0.07; d. foot 0.045; d. mouth 0.051.
Miniature vase, handle and part of rim missing; glaze much worn. Tongues on neck; horizontal bands on body. No added color preserved.
135-3 (T1472). Figured krater. P1. 89.
H. 0.252; d. 0.30; d. foot 0.165. Handles attached by very narrow bridge, without handle plates, to flat rim; short neck, rather squat body, broad low foot.
On top of rim, row of white dot rosettes (nine dots each); on shoulder, either side, reserved panel. Side A: panther and swan with closed wings to right. Side B: similar swan to right, and goat to left; a few large incised filling ornaments. Below panels, running all around vase, band of red and white lines (rwrw and wrw); and three or four red lines on lower body; no rays; foot red.
Published: Art and Arch., XXIX, 1930, p. 201, fig.
8. Payne, Necrocorinthia, p. 342, called it early MC.
For the style, cf. the fragments, Mon. Ant., XVII, 1906, col. 622, fig. 430. For the shape, cf. Corinth, VII, i, pl. 32, no. 233, and p. 63, where ours is dated EC; and see also the note in Hopper, p. 252, no. 15.
Another early example without handle plates is Altenburg 175, CVA, I, pls. 2, 3.
GRAVE 136
Section 7 D. P1. 103.
This grave, which had no offerings, is not datable;
but the thick walls of the sarcophagus and the posi- tion of the skeleton (note the arrangement of the legs, sketch, P1. 103) indicate that the grave is very early, possibly still Protocorinthian in date. From its posi- tion, it seems likely that 136, together with 137 and 138, are the oldest graves in the family group around the stele platform, followed by 191, 192, and 219, 220; and probably by 193 and the later 248 and 257 farther to the west. With these are to be associated the urn burials, presumably those of the children of the family, 135, 139, and 140. More distant graves which may be related are 237 to the north and the urn burials 194 and 195. The group as a whole may be connected with the Protocorinthian graves 107 and 108, which are in approximately the same line to the north of 136 and 137. position, with legs folded, head to east.