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(1)

Macroeconomic Policies for Structural adjustment policies

Benzarour, Choukri

Algiers university

2001

Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14980/

MPRA Paper No. 14980, posted 02 May 2009 14:16 UTC

(2)

ﻱﺭﻜ ﺸ ﺭﻭﺭﻋﺯ ﻥﺒ

ﻱﺭﻜﺸ ﺭﻭﺭﻋﺯ ﻥﺒ

**

2005

ﺕﻴﺴﺘﻟﺍ ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﻭ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻠﻛ ﺮﺋﺍﺰﺯﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ -

ﺹﺨﻜﻠ ﻡﺩﻘﺘ:

ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍلﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻻﻭﺃﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍ، ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍ )

ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻨﻟﺍ لﻭﺩﻟﺍﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘ لﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﺴﻷ(

ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻯﻭﺘﺤﻤ ﺽﺍﺭﻌﺘﺴﺎﺒ ﻙﻟﺫﺩﻌﺒ ﻡﻭﻘﺘﻟ ﺔﻴﻤﺎ

لﻼﺨﻥﻤ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟﺍ

ﺃ ﻩﺩﺎﻤﺭ

ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻫﺍﺭﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻤﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ

لﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍلﻜﺎﺸﻤﻠﻟﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍﻕﺎﻴﺭﺘﻟﺍﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ .

ﺓﺌﻠﻜﻘﻙﺍ ﺒﻙﺍﺩﻙﺍ

ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍلﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒ ﻯﻭﺘﺤﻤ:

، ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ

، ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ

،

ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ

، ﻑﺭﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﻌﺴ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ

، ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ .

Abstract:This paper aims to explore the macroeconomic policies of IMF and World Bank structural adjustment programs. This paper also

provides at first a simple analysis of the main reasons of LDC economic disequilibrium. Then it reviews the main components of the structural adjustment program which include several macroeconomic policies promoted to market-oriented reform in policies and institutions, with the goals of restoring a sustainable balance of payments, reducing

Inflation, restore the viability of the current account and the budget and stimulate growth.

Keywords: structural adjustment programs, demand management policies, demand switching policies, supply side policies, exchange rate policies, debt management policies.

*Corresponding author: email: cbenzarour@hotmail.fr

(3)

ﺓﺌ ﺯﺌ ﻱ ﺯﻙ ﺍ ﺓﺍ ﺀﺍ ﺩﺠﺄ ﺓﺌ ﺯﺌ ﻱ ﺯﻙ ﺍ ﺓﺍ ﺀﺍ ﺩﺠﺄ ﺒﻱ ﺩ ﺌ ﺸﺔ ﻔ ﻹﺍ

ﺒﻱ ﺩ ﺌ ﺸﺔ ﻔ ﻹﺍ ﻰﻜ ﻘ ﻱ ﻪﻙ ﺍ لﻱ ﺩ ﻊ ﺔ ﻙ ﺍ ﺜﻠﺍ ﺩﺎ ﻙ

ﻰﻜ ﻘ ﻱ ﻪﻙ ﺍ لﻱ ﺩ ﻊ ﺔ ﻙ ﺍ ﺜﻠﺍ ﺩﺎ ﻙ

..

ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ ﺔﻤﺩﻘﻤ

ﺤﻔ

3

.1 ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘ لﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺏﺎﺴﺃ لﻴﺤﺘ ﺤﻔ

4

.2 ﻲﻠ لﻴ ﺞﻤﺭﺒ ﻯﻭﺘﺤﻤ ﺤﻔ

6

. 2 .1 ﺏﻠﻁﻟ ﺭﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺤﻔ

6

.2 .2 ﺏﻠﻁﻟ ﺭﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﺍﻭﺩ ﺤﻔ

7

.2 .2 .1 ﺴﺎﺴﻟ ﺤﻔ

7

.1 ﻱﺩ ﻑﻋﺎﻀﻤﺭﻤ ﺤﻔ

8

.2 ﺭﻌ ﺤﻔ

10

.3 ﺨﻀﺘﺴﻤﺭﺃ ﻊﻀﻭ ﺤﻔ

11

.2 .2 .2 ﺴﺎﺴﻟ ﺤﻔ

13

.1 ﺭﺍﻭﻤ ﺤﻔ

15

.2 ﺕﺎ ﺹﻴ ﺤﻔ

15

.3 ﻭﻤ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﺼﺼﻭ ﺤﻔ

15

.4 ﻲﻤﻭﻤ ﻑﻴﻅﻭﻟﻋﺇ ﺤﻔ

16

.2 .3 ﺏﻠﻁﻟ لﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺤﻔ

17

.2 .3 .1 ﻑﺭﺼﻟ ﺭﻌﺴﺎ ﺤﻔ

17

.2 .4 ﺽﺭﻌ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺤﻔ

17

.2 .4 .1 ﺭﺍﻭﻤ ﺹﻴﺼﺨﺘ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﺘ ﺕﺍﺭﺠﺇ ﺤﻔ

21

.1 ﻼﻤ ﻱﺩﻋﺎ لﻜ ﺤﻔ

21

.2 ﺠﺭﺎ ﺕﺍﺭﺩﺼﻟ ﻊﻴﻭﻨ ﺕﺎﺠﺘ

ﺤﻔ

22

.3 ﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓ ﺕﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﺤﻔ

22

.4 ﺭﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﺤﻔ

23

.5 لﻤﺠﺎ ل ﺭﻭﺠﻷﺍ ل ﻥﻴ ﻭﻤ ﻥﺯﺍ ﺤﻔ

24

.6 ﺭﻀﻟﺴﺎﺴﻟ ﺡﻼﺼﺇ ﺤﻔ

24

.7 ﻲﻤﻭﻜﺤﻟ ﻕﺎﻹﺍ ﺹﻴﺼﺨﺘ ﺤﻔ

25

(4)

.2 .4 .2 ﻭﻤ ل ﻥﻤ ﻊﻓﺭﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺼﺘﻻﺍ

ﺤﻔ

26

.1 ل ﻥﻤ ﻊﻓﺭﻟ ﺭﺎﺴﻻﺍ

ﺤﻔ 26

.2 ﻭﻋ ﻥﻤ ﻊﻓﺭﻟ ﺭﺎﺴﻻﺍ

ﺤﻔ 28

.3

ﺏﺫ

ﺭﺎﺴﻻﺍ ﺭﺸﺎ ﻲﺒﺠﻷﺍ

ﺤﻔ 29

.2 .5 ﻑﺭﺼﻟ ﺭﻌ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺤﻔ

30

.2 .5 .1 ﺽﻴﺨﺘ ﺭﺜ ﺤﻔ

32

.2 .6 ﻭﻴ ﺭﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎ ﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟ

ﺤﻔ 34

.2 .6 .1 ﻭﻴﺤﻟ ﺏﻨﻭﺠﻟ ﺤﻔ

35

.2 .6 .2 ﻭﻴ ﺏﻨﻭﺠﻟ ﺤﻔ

36

ﻊﺠﺍﺭﻤ

ﺤﻔ 38

(5)

ﺒـــﻠﺩﻕﻠ :

ﻥﺭﻘﻟﺍﻥﻤﺕﺎﻨﻴﻌﺴﺘﻟﺍﻭﺕﺎﻴﻨﺎﻤﺜﻟﺍﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴلﻼﺨﻲﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍﻥﻤﺭﻴﺜﻜﻟﺍﺕﻀﺭﻌﺘﺩﻘﻟ

ﻥﻤﺔﻔﻴﻟﻭﺘﻥﻋﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋﺕﻨﺎﻜﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭ،ﺔﻨﻤﺯﻤﻟﺍﻭﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﺕﺎﺒﻭﻌﺼﻟﺍﻥﻤﺩﻴﺩﻌﻟﺍﻰﻟﺇﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻟﺍ ﻤ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﻲﻓ ﺩﻴﺩﺸ لﻼﺘﺨﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﻁﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﻌﻤﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﻭﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺀﻁﺒ ﻭ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﻻﺩﻌ

.

ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃﻰﻟﺇﺀﺍﺩﻷﺍﻥﻤﺔﻴﻨﺩﺘﻤﻟﺍﺕﺎﻴﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻭﺤﻨﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻩﺫﻫﻕﻻﺯﻨﺍﺩﻭﻌﻴ

ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻩﺫﻫﺏﻴﻟﺍﻭﺩﻟﺕﺎﻤﻭﻜﺤﻟﺍﺓﺭﺍﺩﺇﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺒ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻭﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍﻑﻌﻀ )

(...

ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃﻰﻟﺇﻭﺃ

ﻟﺍﺕﺎﻤﺩﺼﻟﺍﻰﻟﺇﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃﺩﻭﻌﺘﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ

ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ،لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻟﺍﺕﻻﺩﻌﻤﺭﻭﻫﺩﺘ )

ﺔﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ ...

ﻩﺫﻬﺒﺎﻜﺘﻓلﻗﺃﻥﻜﺘﻡﻟﺔﺜﻟﺎﺜﺔﻠﻀﻌﻤﺭﻭﻬﻅﻰﻟﺇﺎﻴﺩﺃﺎﻤﻬﺠﺯﺎﻤﺘﻲﻓﻥﺍﺭﺼﻨﻌﻟﺍﻥﺍﺫﻫ(

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤﻟﺍﺔﻤﺯﺃ ﻲﻫﻭ ، ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ .

ﻡﻋﺩﻲﻓﺔﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍﺔﺒﺭﺠﺘﻰﻠﻋﺀﺎﻨﺒﻭ،ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻟﺍﻩﺫﻬﻟﺔﺒﺎﺠﺘﺴﺍ

ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ

ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍﻭﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﻥﻤلﻜﻊﻀﻭ،ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋﺎﻫﺯﻴﻔﺤﺘﻭلﻭﺩﻟﺍﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ

ﺔﻴﻤﺴﺘ لﻤﺤﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍﻥﻤ ﻲﻨﺎﻌﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻼﻟﺎﻴﺤﻴﺤﺼﺘ ﺎﺠﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ

"

ﻰﻜﻘﻱﻪﻙﺍﺠﻱﺡﺸﺔﻙﺍﺜﻠﺍﺩﺎ "

ﺠﻭﺩﺯﻤﻑﺩﻬﻟﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻥﺎﺘﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍﻥﺎﺘﺎﻫﺕﻏﺎﺼ ﻨﺎﻋﺈﺒﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴﻭﻥﻠﻌﻤﻑﺩﻫ :

ﻰﻠﻋلﻭﺩﻟﺍﺔ

،ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﻴﺯﺍﻭﻤﺯﻴﺯﻌﺘﻭﺔﻴﻤﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﻁﻭﻐﻀﻟﺍﺹﻴﻠﻘﺘﻭﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﻭﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍﻥﻴﺒﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﺓﺩﺎﻌﺘﺴﺍ

ﻭ ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻲﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﺎﻬﺠﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻼﺴ ﻥﺎﻤﻀﺒ ﻕﻠﻌﺘﻴ ﻭﻥﻠﻌﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻭ ،ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻊﺠﺍﺭﺘ ﺯﻭﺎﺠﺘ .

ﻭﺩﻠﻟﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﻊﻀﻭﻟﺍﺭﻭﻫﺩﺘﻲﻓﻁﻘﻓﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟﺍﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﺭﻭﺫﺠﻥﻋﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍﻲﻐﺒﻨﻴﻻ ل

ﻉﻭﻨﻲﻓﻥﻴﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍﻭﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﻥﻤلﻜﺭﻜﻓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻲﻓﺎﻀﻴﺃﺙﺤﺒﻟﺍﺏﺠﻴﻥﻜﻟﻭ،ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍ

ﺔﻠﺼﺎﺤﻟﺍﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍﺕﺍﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘﺔﻌﺠﺍﺭﻤﻲﻓﺎﻫﺫﺎﺨﺘﺍﺏﺠﺍﻭﻟﺍﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍ ﺭﻭﻁﺘﺒﺔﻘﻴﺜﻭﺔﻠﺼﻲﻓ .

ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺹﻭﺼﺨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍلﺎﺠﻤ ﻲﻓ

.

ﻟﺍﺕﺎﻨﻴﻨﺎﻤﺜﺔﻴﺍﺩﺒﻥﻤﺔﻠﻴﻠﻗﺕﺍﻭﻨﺴلﻼﺨ

ﻕﺒﻁﺩﻗﻲﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍلﻭﺩﺏﻠﻏﺃﻥﺎﻜﻥﻴﺭﺸﻌﻟﺍﻥﺭﻘ

ﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍﻭﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﻥﻤلﻜﻟﻲﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﻡﻋﺩﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋلﻭﺼﺤﻠﻟﺎﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃﺎﻁﺭﺸﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒﻲﻠﻜﻴﻫﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒ ﻥﻴﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ .

ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟﺍﺞﻤﺎﻨﺭﺒﺭﺎﻁﺇﻲﻓﺔﻘﺒﻁﻤﻟﺍﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻡﻫﺃﺽﺍﺭﻌﺘﺴﺍﻰﻟﺇﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻑﺩﻬﺘ

ﻭﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻥﻜﻤﺘﻨﻰﺘﺤﻭ،ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍ ﺎﻤ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺔﻨﺯﺍ

ﻊﻗﺍﻭﻪﺒﻠﻁﺘﻴﺎﻤﻥﻴﺒ ﻭ ﻲﺤﻴﺤﺼﺘﺀﺍﺭﺠﺈﻜ ﻪﻠﻌﻓﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤ ﻭﻫ

لﻼﺘﺨﺍﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻰﻟﺇﺔﻗﺭﻭﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻥﻤلﻭﻷﺍﻡﺴﻘﻟﺍﺹﻴﺼﺨﺘﻥﻤﺩﺒﻻﻥﺎﻜﺔﺒﻘﺤﻟﺍﻙﻠﺘﻲﻓﺕﺎﻤﺯﻷﺍ

ﺕﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭﻡﺯﺄﺘﻭ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍ .

ﺍﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤلﻴﺼﻔﺘﺔﻴﻘﺒﺘﻤﻟﺍﻡﺎﺴﻗﻷﺍلﻭﺎﻨﺘﺘ ﺃﻲﻓﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻ

ﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﺔﻌﺒﺭ

ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺍ :

ﺭﻌﺴ ،ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍ ، ﺏﻠﻁ

ﻑﺭﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤﻟﺍ ،

.

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لﻼﺔﺨﺍﺍﺌﺎﺯﺁلﻱﻜﺡﺔ.1 ﻡﺫﺍﻫﺔﻙﺍ

:

ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍﺭﺴﻔﺘ ﻻﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴـﻟﺍﻲـﻓﺕﺎﻫﻭﺸـﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺄﺒ ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺕ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﻥﻋﺭﺨﺄﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃﻭﺃ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍﻭﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﺕﺎﻤﺩﺼﻟﺍﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤ

ﻥﺈـﻓ،لﻜﻰﻠﻋﻭ .

ﺔـﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﺔﻴﺯﻴﻴﻤﺘﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇﻥﻋﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺽﺌﺎﻓﻲﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍﺎﻫﺩﺭﻤ ﻭ ﺔـﻴﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺭﺎﻌـﺴﺃ)

ﺕﺎﻨﺎﻋﺇ (

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻭ )

ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻤﺤﻟﺍ،ﺕﻻﺩﺎﺒﻤﻟﺍﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤ،ﻑﺭﺼﻟﺍﺭﻌﺴ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻁﺭﻓ .(

ﺕﺎـﻘﻔﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﺃﺎﻤﻜ

ﺃﺎﻬﻴﻠﻋﺏﻠﻐﺘ، ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍﻉﺎﻁﻘﻠﻟﻱﺩﺎﻌﺒﺇﺭﺜﺃ ﺕﺍﺫﺕﻨﺎﻜﺔﻴﻤﻭﻤﻌﻟﺍ

ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺴـﺤﻰﻠﻋﻊﻴﺯﻭﺘﻟﺍﻑﺍﺩﻫ

ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ .

ﺽﻌﺒ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﻜ

ﻻﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ ﻲـﺘﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔـﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺘﺤﺘﻟﺍﺔﻴﻨﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤﻱﺃ،ﺔﻴﻠﻜﻴﻫﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺕ

ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ﻙﻟﺫ ﻭ ﻲﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍ لﻭﺩ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺯﻴﻤ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘ : 1

ﺎﻴﻠﺤﻤﺔﻜﻠﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻭﺓﺩﺭﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺓﺭﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﺒ لﻼﺤﻹﺍ ﻑﻌﻀ

ﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ) ﺎﻴﻟﻭﺩﺎﻬﺒ ﺭﺠﺎ

،(

،لﺨﺩﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻴﻌﻀ ﺔﻘﺒﻁ ﻙﻼﻬﺘﺴﻻ ﺎﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﻪﺠﻭﻤﻟﺍﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍﻊﻤﺓﺩﺭﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﺌﻼﺘﻡﺩﻋ

ﺩﺍﻭـﻤﻟﺍﻥـﻤﺎﻬﺘﺍﺭﺩﺎﺼﺭﻌﺴﺩﺩﺤﺘﻴﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭﺓﺭﻴﻐﺼﻟﺍﺔﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻁﻭﺭﺸﻟﻊﻀﺨﺘ،ﻲﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍلﻭﺩ

،ﻩﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇ ﻙﻠﻤﺘ ﻻ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﻕﻭﺴﻟﺍﻲﻓﺔﻴﻟﻭﻷﺍ

ﺭﻕﻭﺴﻟﺔﻴﺌﺍﺩﺒﻟﺍﺔﻌﻴﺒﻁﻟﺍ ﺔﻁﺎـﺴﻭﻠﻟﻲﺴـﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍﻲﻓﺭﺼﻤﻟﺍﻡﺎﻅﻨﻟﺍلﻜﺸﻴ ﺙﻴﺤﺒ،لﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺱﺃ

ﻪـﻴﺠﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔـﺌﺒﻌﺘﻟﺍﺏﻌﺼـﻴ ﺎـﻤﻤ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ ﻭ ﺽﺍﺭﻗﻼﻟﺩﻴﻴﻘﺘ لﻅ ﻲﻓلﻤﻌﻴ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﻴﻠﺜﻤﻷﺍ ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻼﻟ

ﺔـﻔﻴﻅﻭﺔـﺴﺭﺎﻤﻤﻟﺎﻬﺘﺍﻭﺩﺃﺽﻌﺒﻥﻤﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻥﺎﻤﺭﺤﻲﻨﻌﻴﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ .

،ﺕﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟﺍ

،ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﺒﻟﺍﺏﻠﺼﺘ

ﺎﻤﺃ ،ﺓﺭﺴـﻔﻤ لﻤﺍﻭﻋ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﺘﻓ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻤﺌﻼﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻏ لﺩﺎﺒﺘﻟﺍﺕﻻﺩﻌﻤﻭ،ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﺩﺼﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﺕﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻜﺞﻟﺎﻌﺘﻥﻜﻟ .

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺭﺨﺄﺘ ﻪﻨﺄﺒﺭﺴﻔﻴﺎﻨﻫ،ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍلﻼﺘﺨﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻥﻋ

ﺏﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺕﻗﻭﻟﺍ ﻲﻓﻩﻭﺸﺘﻟﺍ .

ﺏﺎﺒﺴﺃ ﺽﺭﻋﻥﻜﻤﻴ ﻭ لﻼﺘﺨﻻﺍ

ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ :2

1 Andrew D.CROCKETT, "Stabilisation policies in developping countries, some policy considerations",

IMF Staff Paper, Vol 28, March 1981, PP 58-62.

X. Greef et al. Opt. Cit. P 2019. 2

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ﺍﺌـﺎﺯﻵﺍ

ﺹﺍﺩﻉﻵﺍ

ﺩﺌـﺘﻲﺍ

ﺒﻱﻤﻫﻱﺩﻠﻙﺍﺩﺌﺸﺔﻔﺍ

● ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﺽﺌﺎﻓ

● ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘ

● ﺯﻴﻤ ﺯﺠﻋ ﻲﻨﺍ

● ﻡـﺨﻀﺘ

ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ

● ﺔﻌﻔﺘﺭﻤ ﺭﻭﺠﺃ

● ﻥﻋ ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ ﺯﺠﻋ

● ﻊﻔﺘﺭﻤ ﻙﻼﻬﺘﺴﺍ

ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﺔﺠﺎﺤ ﺔﻴﺒﻠﺘ

● ﻑﻴﻌﻀ ﺭﺎﺨﺩﺍ

● ﻌﻀ ﻲﺤﻼﻔﻟﺍ ﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍ ﺭﻌﺴ ﻑ

● ﻲﺌﺍﺫﻏ ﺯﺠﻋ

● ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻤﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤ

● ﺔﻴﺭﺍﺩﺇ ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ

● ﺕﺎﺠﺘﻨﻤﻟ ﺔﻤﻋﺩﻤ ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ

● ﻲﻤﻭﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﺠﻋ

● ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤ

ﺕﺎﻫﻭﺸﺘ ﻕﻠﺨﺘ

ﺔﻴﻤﻭﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ

● ﻱﺭﺎﺠﺘ ﺯﺠﻋ

ﻕﺍﻭﺴﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ

● ﻑﺭﺼﻟﺍ ﺭﻌﺴ ﺭﻴﺩﻘﺘ ﻁﺭﻓ

● ﺔﻤﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﻔﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﻫﻭ ﺔﻤﻴﻗ

ﺩﻭﻘﻴ ﺎﻤﻤ ﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﻘﻴﻘﺤﻟﺍ

● ﺕﺎﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤ

ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻹﺍ ﻁﺭﻓ ﻰﻟﺇ

● ﺏﻟﺎﺴ ﻲﻘﻴﻘﺤ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻓ ﺭﻌﺴ

● ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ ﻑﻌﻀ

(8)

ﺠﻱﺡﺸﺔﻙﺍﺜﻠﺍﺩﺎﻬﻫﺔﺡﻠ.2 ﻰﻜﻘﻱﻪﻙﺍ

:

ﺠﻰـﻠﻋﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﺎﻬﻤﻋﺩﻴﻲﺘﻟﺍلﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺍﺞﻤﺍﺭﺒﻱﻭﺘﺤﺘ

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴـﻟﺍﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭـﺠﺇﻥـﻤﺔـﻠﻤ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴـﺘﺕﺎـﺴﺎﻴﺴﻰـﻠﻋﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ ،ﺕﻴﺒﺜﺘﻟﺍﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻭﻫﺎﻬﻴﻓﻲﺴﻴﺌﺭﻟﺍﺀﺯﺠﻟﺍﻥﺎﻜ .

ﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍﺭﻭﻁﺘﻊﻤﻥﻜﻟ،ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ لﻴﻟﺎﺤﺘﻟﺍﻥﻤﺔﻴﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﺔﺴﺴﺅﻤﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﺕﺒﺭﺘﻗﺍ،

ﺍ ﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍﺎﻬﻤﺩﻗﻲﺘﻟ

ﺤﺼﺘﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋلﻜﻟ ﻱﺭﻭﺭﻀﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻜﻴﻬﻟﺍﺢﻴﺤﺼﺘﻟﺍﺹﻭﺼﺨﺒﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍ

ﺔﻠﻤﺎﺸﺔﻴﺤﻴ ﺍﺫـﻬﻟﻰـﻨﺒﺘ ﻭﺃﺩـﻤﺘﻋﺎﻓ .

ﻭ،ﺔـﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤﻟﺍﺍـﺒﻋلﻘﺜﻥﻤﻲﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍﻡﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍلﻭﺩﺔﻴﺒﻟﺎﻏﺓﺎﻨﺎﻌﻤﻥﻜﻟ،ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍﻙﻴﺭﺤﺘﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ،ﺽﺭﻐﻟﺍ

ﺎﻀـﻴﺃﻥﻭﺠﺭﺩـﻴﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﺀﺍﺭﺒﺨلﻌﺠ،ﻱﻭﻤﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﻬﺠﻟﺍﺭﺎﻤﺜﻥﻤﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜﺔﺼﺤﻟﻥﻴﺩﻟﺍﺔﻤﺩﺨﺹﺎﺼﺘﻤﺍ

ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻬﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﺭﺎﻁﺇ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻨﻭﻴﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴ .

ﻁﺘﻟﺍﺍﺫﻫ ﺱـﻤﺘﻲـﺘﻟﺍﺏﻨﺍﻭﺠﻟﺍﻡﻅﻌﻤﺒ ﻡﺎﻤﻟﻹﺍﺔﻟﻭﺎﺤﻤﻰﻠﻋلﻴﻟﺩﺔﻴﺤﻼﺼﻹﺍﺔﻴﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻰﻟﺇﺓﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍﻲﻓﺭﻭ

ﺡﻼﺼﻹﺍ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻲﻓﺓﺭﺌﺎﺴﻟﺍ لﻭﺩﻟﺍﻲﻓ ﻱ لﻴﺼﻔﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴلﻜﻰﻟﺇﻥﻵﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﺘﻨﺴ ﻭ .

.

.2 .1 ﺍﻜﺽﻙﺍﺩﻱﻱﺯﺔﺓﺌﺯﺌﻱﺯ :1

ﻓﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻱﺃﻥﺈﻓ،ﺎﻬﺘﻨﻭﺭﻤ ﻡﺩﻋﻭ،ﺔﻴﺠﺎﺘﻨﻹﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍﺏﻠﺼﺘلﻅﻲﻓ ﻉﺎـﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﻰﻟﺇﻱﺩﺅﺘﺴﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﻲ

ﺭﺎﻌﺴﻷﺍ .

ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻲﻓ ﺯﺠﻋﻭ،ﺔﻴﻤﺨﻀﺘ ﻁﻭﻐﻀ لﻭﺼﺤ ﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻭ

ﻩﺫـﻫ لـﺜﻤﻲﻓ ﻭ .

ﺏﻠﻁﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘ ﻭﻬﻓﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘ ﻑﺩﻫ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﺍ

ﻕﻓﺩـﺘﻲﻓﺎﺼ ﺍﺩﺌﺍﺯ ،ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍﺔﻤﻴﻗﺍﻓﺎﻜﻴ

ﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﻥﻤ لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺱﻭﺅﺭ

 .

ﺩﻌﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺍﻓﺎﻜﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﻥﺎﻤﻀ ﻊﻤ ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﻠﻁﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍل

.

ﻓﺩﻫ ﻕﻘﺤﺘ ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻬﻓ ﻥﺫﺇ ﻴ

ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘ ﻭ ،ﺭﺎﻌﺴﻷﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ ،ﺩﺤﺍﻭ ﻥﺁﻲﻓﻥ .

ﺭﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍلﺠﻷﺍﻲﻓ ﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃﻭ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘ ﻥﻴﺒﺎﻀﻗﺎﻨﺘ ﺙﺩﺤﻴﺎﻤﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘ ﻭ ﺎـﻤﺃ .

ﺍ ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤ ﻰﻟﺇﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﺩﻴﻌﻨ ﻑﻴﻜﻭﻬﻓ،ﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﻱﺃﺭ ﻲﻓﻡﻬﻤﻟﺍ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﻭ ؟ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟ

ﺹﺎﺼﺘﻤﻻﺍ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ

؟ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﺍﺫﻬﻟ

ﻥﺯﺍﻭـﺘﻟﺍﺍﺫﻫﻊﻤﻡﺌﻼﻤﻟﺍﺕﺍﺩﺭﺍﻭﻟﺍﻡﺠﺤلﻭﺤلﺅﺎﺴﺘﻠﻟﻊﻓﺩﺘ،ﺔﻴﻭﺍﺯﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻥﻤﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻓﺍﺫﻟ

ﻥﻴﻌﺒﺫﺨﻷﺍﺏﺠﻴﻱﺃ،ﺎﻀﻴﺃ

ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﻻﺍ

ﻕﻓﺩـﺘﻥﻜﻟﻭ،لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍﺱﻭﺅﺭﻕﻓﺩﺘﻡﺠﺤﻭ،ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍﻭﻤﻨلﺩﻌﻤ

ﻩﺭﺜﻜﺃﻲﻓﻥﻭﻜﻴﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍﻩﺫﻫ ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇﻭﺓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤﻟﺍلﻭﺩﻟﺍﻥﻤ

ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍﻥﻤﺩﺒﻻ،ﺯﻭﻌﻟﺍﺍﺫﻫﺔﻬﺠﺍﻭﻤﻟﻭ .

ﻕﻘﺤﻴ ﻱﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ

ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﻻﺍ

ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺯﺠﻌﻟﺍ لﻴﻭﻤﺘﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺱﻴﻟ ﻭ ﻕﻭﺴﻠﻟ ﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻨﺍﺩﺘﺴﻻﺍ .

1Andrew D. CROCKETT, Opt. Cit. PP 62-73.

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.2 .2 ﺍﻜﺽﻙﺍﺩﻱﻱﺯﺔﺓﺍﻫﺩﺁ :

ﻲﻓﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ،ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻲﻓﺎﻬﻴﻓﺏﻭﻏﺭﻤﻟﺍﻥﺴﺤﺘﻟﺍﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘﻡﺘﻴﺎﻤﻟ ﻻﺍ

ﺹﺎﺼﺘﻤ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍ

ﺞﺌﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﺯﺎﺠﻨﺇ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜﺔﻟﺄﺴﻤﺎﻨﻬﺠﺍﻭﺘ ،ﻙﻟﺫﻟ ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﺩﻤﺘﻌﻴلﺒﻗ ﻥﻤ ﻪﺤﻴﻀﻭﺘ ﻡﺘ ﺎﻤﻜﻭ .

ﺩﻴﻴﻘﺘ لﻼﺨﻥﻤ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺔﺠﻤﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻤﺭﺎﺼ ﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤ ﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘ ﻭ،ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ .

ﺭﻅﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻭﺩﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺠﻟﺡﺎﺘﻤﺭﻴﻏﺭﻤﻷﺍﺍﺫﻫﻥﻜﻟ ﺍﺫﻟ،ﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤﻲﻟﺎﻤ ﻭﺃﻲﻜﻨﺒ ﻡﺎﻅﻨ ﻰﻠﻋﺎﻫﺭﻓﻭﺘ ﻡﺩﻌﻟ

ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ،ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺭﻴﻴﺴﺘﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃﺔﻋﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻟﺇﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍﺄﺠﻟ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍلﻴﻭﺤﺘ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻭ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ .

.2 .2 .1 ﺒﻱﺩﻕﻤﻙﺍﺒﺯﺌﻱﺯﻙﺍ :

ﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋﺔﻘﻴﺭﻁﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺔﺠﻤﺭﺒﻟﺍﺕﻤﺩﻗﺩﻘﻟ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﺩﺍﺩﻋﺇﻭ،ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺔـﻴﻠﻜﻟﺍ

ﺔـﺤﻠﻤﺢﺒﺼﺘلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﻕﻴﻗﺩﺘﻰﻟﺇﺔﺠﺎﺤﻟﺎﻓ،ﺕﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻕﻴﺒﻁﺘلﺠﺃﻥﻤﻥﻜﻟ،ﺔﺒﺴﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﺩﻭﺼـﻘﻤﻟﺍﻭ .

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ لﺌﺎﺴﻭ ﻥﻴﺒﻁﺒﺭﻴﻱﺫﻟﺍﻭﺭﺜﻷﺍلﻘﻨ ﺕﺎﻴﻟﺁلﻭﺤ ﺕﺎﻴﻀﺭﻔﺒلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﻡﻴﻋﺩﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﺃ ﻭ

ﻷﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤ ﻥﻴﺴﺤﺘ ﺭﺎﻌﺴ

.

ﺭﻅﻨ ﺔﻬﺠﻭﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍﺔﺠﻤﺭﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘ ﺔﻴﺌﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ

ﺔﻴﻟﻵ لﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍ .1

ﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤ ﻲﻓﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍ ﻁﺒﺭﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺎﻓ

ﻭ ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﻲﻓﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺎﺒﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ

ﺓﺎـﻨﻘﻟﺍﺕﺴـﻴﻟ ﻭ،لﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺍﺭﺎﺴﻤﺠﺎﺘﻨﻲﻫﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻟﺍﺭﺜﺃ ﺎﻬﻟﻼﺨ ﻥﻤ لﻘﺘﻨﻴ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﺔﻴ .2

ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻟﻲﻟﻵﺍلﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺎﺒﻑﺭﻌﻴﺎﻤﻲﻬﻓ،ﺭﺜﻷﺍلﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍﺔﻴﻟﺁﺎﻤﺃ .

ﻥﻴﺘﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍﺭﻭﺼﺘﻨﻟ ﺕﺍﺩﺭﺍﻭﻟﺍ :

لﺨﺩﻠﻟ ﺔﻟﺍﺩﻜ ﻲﻤﺴﻻﺍ

ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻠﻟﺔﻴﻤﻜﻟﺍﺔﻴﺭﻅﻨﻟﺍﻭ .

ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﻓ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ ،ﺩﻭـﻘﻨﻟﺍﺽﺭﻋﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﺩﺅﻴ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ

لﺨﺩﻟﺍﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﻲﻨﻌﻴﻱﺫﻟﺍﺀﻲﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻤﺴﻻﺍ

. ﺩﺕﺍﺩﺭﺍﻭﻟﺍﻥﺃﺎﻤﺒﻭ لﺨﺩﻠﻟﺔﻟﺍ

ﻲﻤﺴﻻﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻀﻴﺃﻊﻔﺘﺭﺘﺴﺎﻬﻨﺈﻓ ،

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ لﻭﺼﻸﻟﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﻰﻟﺇﻕﻓﺩﺘ ﺙﺩﺤﻴﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒ

ﻥﺍﺯـﻴﻤ ﻲـﻓ ﻕﺒﺎﺴـﻟﺍﻥﺯﺍﻭـﺘﻟﺍ ﻰـﻟﺇﺓﺩﻭـﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ .

ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍ .*

1IMF (2), opt. Cit. P 28.

2Ibid.

ﻑﺭﺼﻟ ﺭﻌ ﺕﺎ ﺽﺭﺘ*

.

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ﻥﻤ ﺓﺭﻴﺒﻜ ﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻻ ﻭ ﺓﺭﻭﻁﺘﻤﺔﻴﻟﺎﻤﺎﻗﺍﻭﺴﺃﻙﻠﻤﺘﻻ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍ لﻭﺩﻟﺍﻡﻅﻌﻤﻥﻜﻟ ﻁﺎﺒﺘﺭﻻﺍ

ﻥﻴـﺒ لـﻤﺎﻜﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ

ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺔﻴﻠﺨﺍﺩﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻗﺍﻭﺴﺃ ﻯﺩـﺤﺇﻥﺃﺎـﻤﻜ ،ﻯﺭـﺨﺃ ﺔـﻬﺠﻥﻤﺔﻴﻤﻟﺎﻌﻟﺍﻕﻭﺴﻟﺍﻥﻴﺒﻭﺎﻬﻨﻴﺒ ﻭ ﺔﻬﺠ ﻥﻤ

ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﻷﺍﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻟﺍ

ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻ

ﺭﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ لﺠﻷﺍ ﻲﻓﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺔﻨﺭﻤ ﺭﻴﻏ ﺽﺭﻋ ﺔﻴﻨﺒ ﺩﻭﺠﻭ ﻭﻫ لﻭﺩﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫ

.

ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯﺭﺜﺃﺭﻭﺼﺘﻨﻟ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ

ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺎﻓ،ﺔﻨﺭﻤ ﺭﻴﻏﺽﺭﻋﺔﻴﻨﺒلﻅﻲﻓﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ

ﻰﻟﺇﻱﺩﺅﻴﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ

ﺫﻟﺍ،ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍﺽﺭﻋﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍ ﻭـﺤﻨﻲـﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍﻲـﻠﻜﻟﺍﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺯﹼﻔﺤﺘﺔﻴﻓﺎﻀﺇﺔﻴﺌﺍﺭﺸﺓﻭﻗلﻜﺸﻲﻓﺱﻜﻌﻨﻴﻱ

ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﻻﺍ .

ﺍﺫﻫﻥﻜﻟ

ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﻻﺍ ﺏـﻠﻁﻟﺍﺽﺌﺎـﻓ ،ﻲـﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻌﻟﺍﻲﻓ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﻪﺒﺤﺎﺼﻴﻥﻟﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﻲﻓ

ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻥﻋﻪﺘﻴﻁﻐﺘﻡﺘﻴﺴﺍﺸﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺘﺴﻻﺍ

ﻱﺩﺅـﻴﻥﻟﺔﻴﺒﻨﺠﻷﺍﺔﻠﻤﻌﻟﺎﺒﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻰﻠﻋﺩﻠﺒﻟﺍﺭﻓﻭﺘﻡﺩﻋﻥﻜﻟ .

لﻭﺼﻷﺍﺠﻭﺭﺨﻰﻟﺇ

ﺓﺩﺎـﻴﺯﺭﺜﺃﺀﺎﻐﻟﺇﻥﻋلﻭﺅﺴﻤﻟﺍ،ﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﻭﺤﻨلﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍﺱﻭﺅﺭﻕﻓﺩﺘﻱﺃ،ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ

ﺕﺎﻤﺩـﺨﻟﺍﻭﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍلﻴﻭﻤﺘﻭﻫﺙﺩﺤﻴﺴﺎﻤلﺒ،ﺕﺎﻋﻭﻓﺩﻤﻟﺍﻥﺍﺯﻴﻤﻟﻲﻟﻵﺍلﻴﺩﻌﺘﻟﺍﺔﻟﺎﺤﻲﻓﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍﺽﺭﻋ

ﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ ﺓﺩﺭﻭﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻨﺍﺩﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻤﺯﻸﻟ ﻥﻴﺘﻴﻜﻴﻤﺎﻨﻴﺩﺄﺸﻨﺘﻙﻟﺫﺒﻭ،

ﺯـﺠﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﻜﺍﺭـﺘ ﻭ ﺡﻭﺒﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ :

ﻨﻴﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺔﻏﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﻘﻠﺤﻟﺍ ﺄﺸ ﺔﻨﺍﺩﺘﺴﻼﻟ

.

ﻥـﻤ ﻻﺩـﺒ ﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻤﻟﺍ ﺔـﺠﻤﺭﺒﻠﻟ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﺴﺃ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻜﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍﻭﻤﻨ ﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤﺒﺫﺨﻸﻟ ﻊﻨﻘﻤ ﻭﻱﻭﻗﺏﺒﺴ ﺍﺫﻫ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺌﻻﺍ ﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ

ﻕﻭﺴـﻟﺍﻭﺔـﻴﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍﻕﻭﺴـﻟﺍﻥﻴـﺒﻁﺒﺍﺭـﺘﻟﺍ ﻑﻌﻀﻭﻫ ﻭ ﺭﺨﺁﺏﺒﺴﻪﻴﻟﺇﻑﺎﻀﻴ ﻭ .

ﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ .1

ﺹﺌﺎﺼﺨﻥﻤﺔﻴﺼﺎﺨﻲﻫﻭ

ﺎﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺕ

ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻟﺍلﻭﺩﻟﺍ لﺎـﺠﻤﻥﻭﻜﻴﺔﻘﻴﻘﺤﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫلﻅﻲﻔﻓ .

ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﺩﻴﻴﻘﺘﻭﻲﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍ ﻥﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﻕﻴﻘﺤﺘﻥﻴﺒﺎﻀﺭﺎﻌﺘ ﺍﺸﻨﻴﺎﻤﻤ ،ﺎﻌﺴﺍﻭﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫلﺜﻤ ﻲﻔﻓ .

ﻑﺭﺼﻟﺍﺭﻌﺴﺕﺎﺒﻠﻘﺘﻟ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﺏﻴﺠﺘﺴﻴ

.

ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍﺽﺭﻋﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻠﻟﺭﺒﻜﺃﺔﺠﺭﺩﺒ ﻥﻜﻟﻭ ﻥﻭـﻜﻴﻲﻟﺎﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﻭ .

ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻋ ﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤﻭﻫ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻠﻟ ﺩﺤﻊﻀﻭﻟ لﻀﻓﻷﺍ .

ﻫ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟ ﺕﺍﻭﺩﺃ ﺓﺩﻋ لﻤﻌﺘﺴﺘ،ﺔﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍﻩﺫ :

1 ﻯﺩﻕﻤﻙﺍﻏﻉﺌﺼﻠﻙﺍﺒﺎﻔﺍﺩﻠ. : 2

ﻥﺎﻴﺴﻴﺌﺭﻥﺎﺒﺒﺴ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻭﻤﻨﺀﺍﺭﻭ :

ﻲﻨﺍﺯﻴﻤﻟﺍ ﺯﺠﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍﻭﻤﻨ .*

ﺔـﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤ ﺍﺫﺎـﻤﻟ ﻥـﻜﻟ

؟ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﻋﺎﻀﻤﻟﺍ

ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍﺔﻴﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘﻟﺍﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﺩﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﺍﺫﺈﻓ :

M = CU + D

)

'1 (

1Ibid, PP 22-24.

2Voir Paul, COOK. Colin, Kirk Patrick, opt. Cit. PP 53-59

Rudiger, Dorbusch. Stanley, Fischer, opt. Cit. PP 405-407, 432-433.

ﺯﻴﺴﺎﺴﻟﺴﺍﺭﺩ لﻴﺤﺘ ﺽﺭﻌ*

.

(11)

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻲﻨﻌﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤﻟﺍﺔﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﻤﺠﻤ ﻰﻟﺇ ﻱﻭﺎﺴﺘM

ﻙﻭـﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﺩـﻟ ﻊـﺌﺍﺩﻭﻟﺍ ﻭCU

ﺔﻴﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ

.D

ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ ﻥﻜﻟ

ﻥﻭﻅﻔﺘﺤﻴ

ﺔﻟﻭﻴﺴلﻜﺸ ﻲﻓ ﻡﻬﻌﺌﺍﺩﻭﻥﻤ ﺀﺯﺠﺒ

:

CU = cu D

)

'2 (

ﺭﻴﺸﻴﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﻟﻭﻴﺴﻠﻟ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍ لﻴﻀﻔﺘلﻤﺎﻌﻤﻰﻟﺇcu

.

ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘ ﺩﻌﺒﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻋ ﺢﺒﺼﻴ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﻭ

) '2

ﻲﻓ(

) '1 ﻲﻠﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ ( :

M = (1 + cu). D

)

'3 (

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺃﺎﻤﺒ ﻭ ﺔﻟﻭﺍﺩﺘﻤﻟﺍﺔﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍﻥﻤﻥﻭﻜﺘﺘ،ﺎﻔﻴﺭﻌﺘH

ﻙﻭـﻨﺒﻟﺍﻊـﺌﺍﺩﻭﻥـﻤ ﺀﺯﺠﻥﻤﻭ ،CU

ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟﺎﺒ ﻪﺒ ﻅﻔﺘﺤﻤﻟﺍ

ﻱﺃ ،RE

:

H = RE + CU

)

'4 (

ﻓ ،ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﺩﻟ ﺎﻬﻌﺌﺍﺩﻭ ﻥﻤﻁﻘﻓ ﺀﺯﺠﺒ ﻻﺇ ﻅﻔﺘﺤﺘ ﻻ ﻙﻭﻨﺒﻟﺍﻥﺃ ﺎﻤﺒ ﻭ

: ﻥﺈ

RE = re . D

)

'5 (

ﺯﻤﺭﻴﺙﻴﺤ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﻰﻟﺇre

ﻲﻁﺎﻴﺘﺤﻻﺍ ﻱﺭﺎﺒﺠﻹﺍ

.

ﻥﻴﺘﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﺒ ﻭ )

'5

ﻭ (

) '2 ﻲﻓ ( ) '4 ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻰﻠﻋ لﺼﺤﻨ ،( :

H = (re + cu) . D

)

'6 (

ﻥﻤ ﻭ

) '6

ﻊﺌﺍﺩﻭﻟﺍ ﻡﺠﺤ ﺠﺭﺨﺘﺴﻨ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻜﻤﻴ ،(

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻻﺩﺒD

:

D = H .

)

'7 (

ﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﺓﺭﻴﺨﻷﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫﺽﻴﻭﻌﺘﺒ ﻭ )

'3 ﻭ ﺔـﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍﻥﻴﺒ ﻁﺒﺭﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋلﺼﺤﻨ ،(

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ :

M = . H )

'8 (

ﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻠﻟﺔﻴﻁﺨ ﺔﻟﺍﺩ،ﺔﻀﻭﺭﻌﻤﻟﺍﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﺘﻜﻟﺍﻡﺠﺤﻥﺃﺢﻀﻭﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍﺔﻟﺩﺎﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﻭ

ﺽﺭﻋ ﻥﺃ ﻱﺃ ،ﺔﻴ

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍﻲﻓ ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﻋﺎﻀﻤﻟﺍﺏﺭﻀ لﺼﺎﺤ ﻻﺇ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻤﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ

.

cu re

1 +

cu re

cu 1

+ +

cu re

cu mm 1

+

= +

(12)

i*

LM1

LM2

LM(i) i*

y1 y* y2

y

ﺞﺗﺎﻨﻟﺍ

IS

لﻜﺸﻟ II : 1 ﺯﺁ ﻫﺁﻫﻕ ﻏﺍﻪﺔﺯﺍ

Source : Dornbusch, Fisher, "Macroeconomics"

P. 421.

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒﻥﺫﺇ ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

،ﺕﺍﺭﺎـﺒﺘﻋﺍﺓﺩـﻌﻟﺔﺒﻭﻏﺭﻤﻟﺍﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍﻕﻘﺤﺘﻻﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺓﺩﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤ،

ﻡﻴﻘﻌﺘ ﻥﺃﻭ،ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋﻲﻠﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﺯﻔﺤﻴﻱﺫﻟﺍ لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍﺱﻭﺅﺭ ﻕﻓﺩﺘﻜ

ﻥـﻤ ﺏﻌﺼـﻴ ﺔﺒﻌﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻤﻌﻟﺍ

ﻭﺔﻴﺭﻴﺩﺼـﺘﻟﺍﺎـﻬﺘﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋﻥـﻋﺔـﻤﺠﺎﻨﻟﺍﺔﻴﺠﺭﺎﺨﻟﺍﺩﺭﺍﻭﻤﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋﺩﻤﺘﻌﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍﺕﺎﻋﺎﻁﻘﻟﺍﺽﻌﺒﺔﻴﻌﻀﻭ ﺩﺍﺭﻴﺘﺴﻻﺍ ﺔﻴ

.

ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﻑﻋﺎﻀﻤﻟﺍﺔﺒﻗﺍﺭﻤﻭﻫﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻜﺔﻤﻭﻜﺤﻟﺍﻪﺒﻡﻭﻘﺘ ﺎﻤ ﻥﺴﺤﺄﻓﺍﺫﻟ

ﻊـﻓﺭ ﻕـﻴﺭﻁﻥﻋ ﻙﻟﺫﻭ*

ﻱﺭﺎﺒﺠﻹﺍﻲﻁﺎﻴﺘﺤﻹﺍ ﺌﺍﺩﻭﻠﻟ ﺩﺍﺭﻓﻷﺍلﻴﻀﻔﺘﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻭ ،re

ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻌﺴ ﻕﻴﺭﻁﻥﻋﻊ .

2 ﺒﻱﺩﻕﻤﻙﺍﺒﺯﺌﻱﺯﻜﻙﺏﺍﺩﺄﻘﺏﺩﺌﺌﻑﻙﺍﺩﻊﺯ. :

ﻭﺤﻨﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ ﻙﻴﺭﺤﺘ ﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﻻﺍ

ﻱﺫﻟﺍﻥﻜﻟﻭ،ﻲﺸﺎﻤﻜﻨﺍ ﺭﺜﺃ ﺕﺍﺫﻲﻬﻓ،ﺓﺭﺸﺎﺒﻤ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺩﻴﻴﻘﺘﻰﻟﺇﻱﺩﺅﻴ

ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟ ﺓﺍﺩﺄﻜ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻌﺴ ﻭﻫ ﺎﻨﻫﺎﻨﻤﻬﻴ .* *

ﻰﻨﺤﻨﻤ ﻥﺃﺽﺭﻔﻨﻟ

ﻲـﻓ ﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺭﻴﺜﺄﺘ ﻯﺭﻨﻟ ﻭ ،ﺭﻘﺘﺴﻤIS

ﻋ ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺽﺭ ﻪﺘﻴﺒﺜﺘ ﺔﻴﻨﺎﻜﻤﺇﺽﺭﻓﻊﻤ .

.

ﻰﻨﺤﻨﻤ LM

ﺭـﻴﻐﺘﻴ ﺩﻭـﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﻥﻷﺭﻴﻐﺘﻴ ﻥـﻜﻟ .

ﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺭﻌﺴلﺩﻌﻤﻥﻭﻜﻴﺴﻡﻜﻱﺭﺩﺘﻻﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ

ﻭﺤﻨﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﻋ ﻲﻓﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺙﻭﺩﺤ ﺩﻨﻋ ﻭـﺤﻨ ﻭﺃLM1

.LM2

ﺓﺩـﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻌـﺴ ﺕﻴﺒﺜﺘ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻟﺍﻥﺎﻜﻤﺈﺒ ،لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻟﺎﺒ

ﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﺩﻨﻋ

i*

ﻱﺫﻟﺍ ﺀﻲﺸﻟﺍ، ﺀﺎﻘﺒ ﻥﻤﻀﻴ

ﻩﺍﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻲﻓy

ﻲﻨﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍ

.y*

ﻪﻨﻤ ﻭ ﺏﻭﻠﻁﻤﻟﺎﻓ ،ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻲﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍﺭﻴﻐﺘ ﺏﺒﺴﺒﻲﻨﺯﺍﻭﺘﻟﺍﻩﺍﻭﺘﺴﻤ ﻥﻋ ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﺭﺤﻨﺍ ﺍﺫﺇ : ﻉﺎـﺒﺘﺇ

ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﻌﺴﻟ ﻑﺍﺩﻫﺃﻊﻀﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺞﺘﺎـﻨﻟﺍﻥﺈـﻓ،ﺕﺒﺜﻤﻟﺍﻭﻫ ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺯﺨﻤ ﻥﺎﻜﻭﻟﻭ .

ﺎﻤﺇ ﻥﻭﻜﻴﺴ

y1

ﻭﺃ

y2

ﺱﻴﻟ ﻭ ،

.y*

ﻥﻷ ، ﻭﻤ ﻲﻓﺤﺘ ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤ ﻙﻨ ﻱﺃ ﻥﺎ ﺱﻴ ﻰﻟ ﺭﻴﺸﻨ*

لـﻤﻭﻌ ﻁﺒﺭـﻴ لﻗﻷﺍ ﻰﻠCu

ﺤﺘ ﻥﻜ .

لﻴﺤﺘ ﻥﻤﺯﻨﻭﻴﺴﺎﺴﻟ* *

Poole

،

ﻙﻟ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻅﻨ :

R, Dornbush, S. Fisher, opt. Cit. PP 420-22.

(13)

ﺎﻤﻜ ﻭ ﻰـﻠﻋ ﺏـﻠﻁﻟﺍ لﺍﻭﺩﺕﺎﺒﺜﻡﺩﻌﺒلﻭﻘﺘﻲﺘﻟﺍﺔﻴﻀﺭﻔﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻨﺒﻤلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻫﻥﺈﻓ،ﻪﺠﺎﺘﻨﺘﺴﺍﻥﻜﻤﻴ

ﺩﻭﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻨﺤﻨﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻗﻭﻤﺘﺒﻡﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻡﺩﻋ)

.(LM

ﻥﻤ ﻱﺃ ،ﺭﻴﺼﻘﻟﺍ لﺠﻷﺍ ﻲﻓ لﻴﻠﺤﺘ ﻪﻨﺃ ﻭ

ﻰﻟﺇ3

ﺭﻬﺸﺃ9 .

ﻩﺫﻫ ﻰﻨﺒﺘﻴ ﻲﻟﻭﺩﻟﺍﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﻠﻌﺠﻯﺭﺨﺃﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺩﺠﻭﺘ ،ﺍﺫﻫ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﻓﺎﻀﻹﺎﺒ ﺓﺍﺩﻷﺍ

:

ﻊﻓﺭﻓ

ﻑﺍﺩـﻫﺃ ﻭ ﻕـﻓﺍﻭﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ ،ﺔﻟﻭﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻥﻤ ﻻﺩﺒﻊﺌﺍﺩﻭﻟﺍ لﻴﻀﻔﺘ ﺔﺒﺴﻨ ﻥﻤﻊﻓﺭﻴﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ

،ﺏﻠﻁﻟﺍ ﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘ

ﺯﻴﻔﺤﺘﻕﻴﺭﻁ ﻥﻋ لﺍﻭﻤﻷﺍ ﺱﻭﺅﺭﻥﻴﻭﻜﺘ ﻲﻓ ﺭﻴﺒﻜلﻜﺸﺒ ﻡﻫﺎﺴﻴ ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ ﻊﻓﺭ

ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ .

ﺩﻌﻤﻉﺎﻔﺘﺭﺍﺏﻠﻁﺘﺘلﺎﻤﻟﺍﺱﺃﺭ ﺓﺭﺩﻨﻥﺈﻓ،لﺎﻤﻟﺍﺱﺃﺭﺭﻌﺴﻭﻫﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍلﺩﻌﻤﻥﺎﻜﺍﺫﺈﻓ،ﻥﺫﺇ ﺓﺩـﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺕﻻ

ﺔﺌﺒﻌﺘﻟ ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ .

ﺔﻔﻠﻜﺘلﺜﻤﻴﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍلﺩﻌﻤ،لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻟﺍﻲﻓﻥﻜﻟ ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ

ﺽﻴـﻔﺨﺘﻥـﻤﺩـﺒﻻﻪﺘﺩﺎﻴﺯﻟﻭ،

ﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍﺕﻻﺩﻌﻤ ﺩﺭﺍﻭـﻤﻟﺍﺔـﺌﺒﻌﺘﺔـﻴﻐﺒﺭﻤﻷﺍلﻭﺃﺓﺩﺌﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﻌﺴﺃ ﻊﻓﺭﺒ ﻕﻭﺩﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﺢﺼﻨﻴﺭﻤﻷﺍﺍﺫﻫﻡﺎﻤﺃ .

ﺭﺎﺨﺩﻻﺍ ﺔﻴ ﺯﻴﻔﺤﺘﻟﻙﻟﺫ ﺩﻌﺒ ﺎﻬﻀﻔﺨ ﻡﺜ، ﺭﺎﻤﺜﺘﺴﻻﺍ

ﻪﻌﻴﺠﺸﺘﻭ .1

3 ﻟﺨﺼﺔﻜﻙﺒﻐﺩﻪﺔﺯﻠﻟﺌﻔﺩﺁﻅﺼﻫ. :

"

ﻙـﻠﺘﺔـﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓﻥﻤﺩﻴﺯﺘ ﻥﺃ ﺎﻬﻌﺴﻭﻲﻓ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﺭﺼﺎﻨﻋ ﻥﻤﺎﻴﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﺍﺭﺼﻨﻋﺔﻴﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍ لﺜﻤﺘ ﻰﻠﻋﺀﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍﻲﻓﺩﻬﺘﺠﻴﻱﺫﻟﺍﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍﻰﻠﻋﺔﺼﺎﺨ ﺓﺭﻭﺼﺒ ﻕﺩﺼﻴﺎﻤﻭﻫﻭ،ﺔﻠﺌﺎﻫ ﺓﺩﺎﻴﺯ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ

،ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ

ﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍﻊﻨﻘﻴ ﻥﺃﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻠﻟﻰﻨﺴﺘﺍﺫﺇﻭ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘـﺴﺍ ﻕـﻴﻘﺤﺘﻰﻠﻋﻡﺯﻌﻟﺍﺩﻗﺎﻋﻪﻨﺄﺒﺭﻭ

ﺔﻴﻤﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻗﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺭﺎﺤﻤ ﻰﻟﺇ ﺔﺠﺎﺤﺒﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻ ﺫﺇ،ﺍﺩﺠ ﻪﺘﻤﻬﻤ ﺕﻨﺎﻫ،ﺭﺎﻌﺴﻸﻟ

2

لﻴﺒﺴـﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻥﻜﻟ ﻭ .

ﺔـﻴﻋﺎﻨﻗﺇﺔﻔـﺼﻭﺩﺠﻭﺘ ﻻﺫﺇ،ﺔﻏﻭﺍﺭﻤﻟﺎﺒﻡﺴﺘﺘ ﺎﻬﻨﺃ ﺎﻨﻤﻠﻋﺍﺫﺇﺔﺼﺎﺨ،ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻰﻟﺇلﻭﺼﻭﻟﺍﻰﻟﺇ ﺓﺩﺤﻭﻤ .3

ﺔﻴﻟﻼﻘﺘﺴﺍﻭﻫﺎﻬﻁﻭﺭﺸلﻭﺃلﻌﻟ ﻭ

ﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟﺍ .4

ﺙﻴﺩﺤﺩﻠﺒﻲﻓ ﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴﻑﻴﻜﻥﻜﻟ

؟ ﺏﻨﺎﺠﻟﺍ ﺍﺫﻬﺒﻲﻔﺘﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺡﻼﺼﻹﺎﺒﺩﻬﻌﻟﺍ

ﺔﻓﺩﻬﺘﺴـﻤ ﻡﺎـﻗﺭﺃ ﻊـﻀﻭ ﻭﻫ ،ﺎﻬﻤﻴﻅﻌﺘ ﻭ ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻰﻟﺇﻲﻀﻔﻤﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟ لﻴﺩﺒﻟﺍﺭﺎﻁﻹﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻠﻟ .

1P, COOK, C. KIRKPATRICK, opt. Cit. PP 104-107.

ﻲﺘﻭﻤ2

،ﻲﺘﺭﺒ ﻭﺭﺩﺴﻴ ﻭ،ﺱﺘﺭﺠ ﻙﺭﺎ ،ﻥﻴ .

"

ﺴﺎﺴﻟ ﺏﺎﺴﺘ ﻰﻠﺨﻀﺘﺴﻤﺭﺃ ﻊﻀﻭﻋﺎﺴﻴ لﻫ

ﺼﻤ

"

ﺠﻤ ، لﻴﻭﻤ ، ،32

ﺭﺒﺴﻴ) (95

،

.20

،ﺭﺸﻴ ﻲﻠ

"

ﺭﺎﺴﻷﺍ ﺭﺍﺭﻘﺴﺍ ﻰﻠﻅﻓﺤﻤ

"

ﺭﺒﺴﻴ ،ﺭﻴ لﻴﻭﻤ ، ،96

،33

ﺹ ﺹ ،4

-32 .35

Ibid. 3

،ﺏﺎﻭﻤﺤﻤ ﻱﺩﺠﻤ ،ﻲﻤﻭﻘﺤﻤﺴﺃ4

"

ﻙﻭﻭﻘ ﺌﺩ

"

،

-229 .264

(14)

ﻌﻤ ﻑﺍﺩﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻊﻤ ﺩﻌﻴﻡﻟﻱﺫﻟﺍ،ﻲﻤﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﺯﻴﺤﺘﻟﺎﺒ ﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻡﺘﻬﺘ ﻪـﻨﺄﺒﻑﺭـﻌﻴ ،ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍلﺩ

ﻭ ﻪﻨﻋﻥﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍلﺩﻌﻤﻟﺍﻥﻴﺒﺓﻭﺠﻔﻟﺍﻙﻠﺘﻭﻫ لﺒ،ﻪﻴﻓﺏﻭﻏﺭﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﻥﻤﻰﻠﻋﻷﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍلﺩﻌﻤ ﺩﻫﺎﺸﻤﻟﺍ لﺩﻌﻤﻟﺍ .

ﻡﺨﻀـﺘﻟﺍ لﺩﻌﻤﻡﻭﻘﻴﺎﻬﻟﻼﺨﻥﻤ ﻲﺘﻟﺍﻭﺔﻴﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟﺓﺩﻋﺎﻗﻲﻫﻡﺨﻀﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﻓﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻡﺎﻗﺭﺃﻊﻀﻭﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻠﻟ ﺔﺒﺴﻨﻟﺎﺒ ﻊﻗﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﺒﻘﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺭﻗ ﻪﻴﺠﻭﺘﺒ ﻪﻨﻋ ﻥﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ .1

ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻡﺨﻀﺘﻠﻟﻲﻤﻜﻑﺩﻫﻊﻀﻭﻰﻠﻋﺀﻲﺸلﻜلﺒﻗﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﻱﻭﻁﻨﺘ ﻯﺩـﻤﺩـﻴﺩﺤﺘﻥﻜﻤﻴﻻ .

ﻲـﻓ ﻥﻤﻜﻴ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﺭﻫﻭﺠ ﻥﺈﻓﻡﺜ ﻥﻤﻭ،ﺔﻴﻨﻤﺃﺩﺭﺠﻤﺭﻭﻬﻤﺠﻟﺍ ﻩﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺎﻬﺒ ﻊﺘﻤﺘﻴﻲﺘﻟﺍﻉﺎﻨﻗﻹﺍﺔﺠﺭﺩ ﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺎﺼﺇ ﺔﻴﻔﻴﻜ ﻀﺘﻘﺘ ﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ .

ﻲﻠﻴﺎﻤ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍ ﻩﺫﻫ ﻲ :

ﺎـﻘﻴﻗﺩﺍﺩـﺤﺍﻭﺎﻤﻗﺭﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻥﺃ ﺍﺫﻫﻲﻨﻌﻴ ﻻﻭ،ﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ لﺩﻌﻤﻡﻗﺭﻥﻋﻥﻼﻋﻹﺍ

ﺔـﻴﻭﺌﻤ ﻁﺎـﻘﻨﺙﻼـﺜ ﻭﺃﻥﻴﺘﻁﻘﻨﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻴﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤ لﺎﺠﻤ ﻊﻀﻭﻰﻟﺇ ﺄﺠﻠﻴ ﺩﻘﻓ ،ﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀﻟﺎﺒ

ﻭ .

ﺍﻥﺃﺩﻜﺅﻤﻟﺍﻥﻤﻪﻨﻷ،ﺩﺭﻔﻤﻟﺍﻡﻗﺭﻟﺍﻥﻤﺔﻴﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﺍﺫﻥﻭﻜﻴﻥﺃﻰﻟﺇﻰﻋﺩﺃلﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍ

ﻥﻟﻱﺯﻜﺭﻤﻟﺍﻙﻨﺒﻟ

ﻕﻠﻁﻤﻑﺩﻫ ﻱﺃﺔﺒﺎﺼﺇﻊﻴﻁﺘﺴﻴ

ﻭـﻫﻭ،ﺍﺩﺠﺎﻀﻴﺭﻋ لﺎﺠﻤﻟﺍﻥﻭﻜﻴ ﻻﻥﺃ ﻁﺭﺘﺸﻴ ،لﺒﺎﻘﻤﻟﺎﺒ،ﻥﻜﻟ .

ﺕﺎﻌﻗﻭﺘﻟﺍ ﺀﺎﻨﺒﻟ ﺔﺒﻠﺼﺓﺯﻴﻜﺭ ﻱﺃ ﺭﻓﻭﻴ ﻻ ﺎﻤ .2

ﺢﻴـﺘﻴﻰﺘﺤ ،ﻡﺍﻭﻋﺃﺔﺜﻼﺜ ﻭﻥﻴﻤﺎﻋ ﻥﻴﺒ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻴﺩﻭﺩﺤﻤ ﻲﻨﻤﺯﻕﻓﻷﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻗﺭﻟﺍ ﺩﻴﺩﺤﺘ ﻡﺘﻴ ﺎﻤﻜ

ﻨﻟﺍﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻑﻴﻜﺘﻟﻻﺎﺠﻤﺕﺎﻁﻠﺴﻠﻟ

ﻉﺎﻀﻭﻷﺍﻊﻤﺔﻴﺩﻘ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺓﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻟﺍ

ﻰـﻠﻋﺔـﻤﻼﻌﻟﺍﺎـﻤﺃ .

ﺔﻓﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﻊﻗﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ ﻕﻓﺍﻭﺘﻡﺩﻋ ﻭﻫ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﺭﻴﻴﻐﺘﺓﺭﻭﺭﻀ

ﻙـﻟﺫﻰﻠﻋ ﻭ .

ﺓﺭﺎﺸﺇ ﺭﻴﻐﺘﻤﻭﺃﻁﻴﺴﻭﻑﺩﻫﻊﻗﻭﺘﻤﻟﺍﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍ ﺭﺒﺘﻌﻴ ﻲـﺴﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍﺠﺫﻭﻤﻨﻟﺍﺔﻴﻤﻫﺃﻰﻟﺇ ﺭﻴﺸﻴﺎﻤ ﻭﻫﻭ .

ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻨﺘﻟﺍﺔﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻲﻓلﻤﻌﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍﻱ

ﺔـﻴﻟﺁ ﺢﻀﻭﻴ ﻥﺃلﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍﺔﻗﺩ ﻰﻠﻋلﻭﺼﺤﻠﻟ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻁﺭﺘﺸﻴﺫﺇ،ﺅﺒ

،ﻱﺩﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺜﻷﺍلﺎﻘﺘﻨﺍ

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻠﻟﺔﻴﺌﺎﻬﻨﻟﺍﻑﺍﺩﻫﻷﺍ ﻊﻤﻑﺩﻬﺘﺴﻤﻟﺍ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﻡﺀﻼﺘﻴﻥﺃ

ﺔﻴﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻭـﻤﻨﻟﺍ لﺩـﻌﻤﺒﺔـﻘﻠﻌﺘﻤﻟﺍ

ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻱ

،ﺭﺎﻌﺴﻷﺍﺭﺍﺭﻘﺘﺴﺍﻭ

ﺍ ﻑﺍﺩﻬﺘﺴﺍ ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴ ﻥﻤ ﺎﻤﺎﻫ ﺍﺀﺯﺠلﺜﻤﺘ ﻲﺘﻟﺍ ﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻔﺸﻟﺍﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﺇ

ﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴـﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫ ﺡﺎﺠﻨ ﻥﻷ ﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟ

ﻥﺍﻭﻋﻷﺍ لﺒﻘﺘﺍﺫﺇﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﺎﻴﺌﺯﺠﻁﺒﺘﺭﻤ ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ

ﻥﻭﻴ ﻪﻨﻋﻥﻠﻌﻤﻟﺍ ﻑﺩﻬﻟﺍ ﺹﺍﻭﺨﻟﺍ .

ﻊﻔﺘﺭﻤﻯﻭﺘﺴﻤﻰﻠﻋ ﻅﺎﻔﺤﻟﺍﻭﻡﺨﻀﺘﻟﺍﺽﻴﻔﺨﺘﻥﻴﺒ ﻥﻜﻤﻤﻟﺍ ﺽﺭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍﺔﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﻩﺫﻫﺏﻨﺠﺘﺘ ﻰﺘﺤﻭ

ﻴﺭﺼﻟﺍﻲﺴﺎﻴﺴﻟﺍﺹﺎﻘﻨﻟﺍ ﻲﻫﻭ،ﺔﻴﻗﺍﺩﺼﻤﻠﻟﺔﻤﻋﺩﻤﻟﺍﺕﺍﺀﺍﺭﺠﻹﺍلﺨﺩﺘ،ﺞﺘﺎﻨﻟﺍﻭﻤﻨلﺩﻌﻤﻟ

لﻭـﺤ ﺢ

John H. GREEN, "Inflation Targeting", Theory and policy implications", IMF Staff papers, Vol. 43, N° 4 1

(Décembre 94), PP 779-780.

ﻲﺘﻭﻤ ،ﻕﺒﺴﻟ ﻊﺠﺭﻤ ،ﻥﻭﺭﺨﺁ ،ﻥﻴ .

-21 .23

2John H. GREEN, opt. Cit. PP 780-790.

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تﺎﻴﺑدﻷاو تﺎﺳارﺪﻟا ﻦﻣ ﺪﻳﺪﻌﻟا دﺪﺸﺗ ﺎﻤﻛ ﳊا ﺔﻟءﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ةرﺪﻘﻟا ﺲﻜﻌﺗ تﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﳌا ﻲﻠﻋ

،ﺔﻴدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا تﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝا ﺔﻏﺎﻴﺼ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﺴﺎﻴﻘﻝا ﺔﻴدﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻا جذﺎﻤﻨﻝا رود فﺎﺸﻜﺘﺴا ﻰﻝإ ﺔﺴاردﻝا ﻩذﻫ فدﻬﺘ ﺔﻴﻤﺎﻨﻝا لودﻝا نﻤ رﻴﺜﻜﻝا لﺜﻤ ، رﺌازﺠﻝا نأ و ﺎﺼوﺼﺨ تﺎﺴﺎﻴﺴﻝا

Dans  le  contexte  actuel,  caractérisé  par  des  pressions  économiques  et  concurrentielles, 

1 While the global financial crisis of 2008 sharply reduced economic growth rates world-wide, the slowdown in emerging market economies has been substantially less than

The main results derived from our model stand in striking contrast to the ones in Obstfeld paper: (1) foreign exchange intervention leads to more foreign asset holdings and

A series of countries include quantitative employment parameters in their programs – for example, during the period 2009-2010, Austria anticipates the opening of 50 000 working

It is shown that a nation with stronger mercantilist sentiments has higher consumption and larger foreign asset accumulation in the long run; a permanent rise in the consumption

Belattaf M., (2009) , « Les Artisans , les métiers artisanaux et les acteurs dans les SPL », communication présenté lors du séminaire nationale sur l’artisanat et les