UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS LL AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN STACKS

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS

LL

AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN

STACKS

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in

2017 with funding from

University of

Illinois

Urbana-Champaign Alternates

https://archive.org/details/dertaucherOOschi

SCHILLER’S

"Der S ^{a u d| e r."}

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6 DER TAUCHER.

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115

120

125

130

185

140

DER TAUCHER. 7

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8 DER TA UCHER.

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NOTES

TO

SCHILLER’S TAUCHER.

This

beautiful Bailad, one of the finest in ballad literature, was composed bySchiller in 1797. ^{It is}interesting asthefirstfruitofthe author’s close friendship with his fellow-poet and rival, the great Goethe,

who

indeed seems to have furnished

him

with the storyon whichthe

poem was

founded. Inthisstory,acertainNicolas Pescecola (Fish),a professional diverofMessina,was induced by

King

Frederick, of Naples and Sicily,about the year 1500 A.D., to explore, for the reward of a golden vessel thrownintothe Whirlpoolbytheking,the hidden depths of the terrible Charybdis; and havingreturned alive fromhisfirstplunge, wastempted, bytheofferofalarge

sum

in gold, totakeasecondplunge, from which henever returned. This profes- sional diver, actuated as he

was

only by a greed offilthy lucre, is

ennobled by the poet into the heroic youth of the ballad,

whose

motives are the noble ones of honour and fame;and

whose

second and fatal plunge is incited

by

the still highermotive oflove.

The

versification is iambic, i.e., consists of feet

composed

of a short or unaccented syllable followed by a long or accented one(

^

;but theseiambiarefreelyreplacedbyanapaests, or feet consisting of two short syllablesfollowedby onelong₍

^ w

).

9

IO NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

As

anillustration, thescansion of thefirststanzaisgivenbelow\

Wer

wägt

| esRlt

|

tersmänn o

| derKnapp,

Zu

taü

| chenindie

| sen Schlünd?

Einengol

|

denen Bech

j

erwerf’

|

ichhinab_; Verschlüng

|

en schön hat

|

ihnderschwär

| ze

Mund.

Wer

^mir| den

Bech

|

er

kann

wie

| derzel

|gen,

Er mag

|

ihn behäl

| tenerIst

|

sein ei

|

gen.

Itwillbe observedthat the last two lines in the stanza have a half foot(onesyllable)

more

thanthe other four; also that, while thefirst, third, and fourth linesconsist of fourfeet, thesecond hasonlythree.

The

pupilwillobserve thatin thisBailad, asinallpoetry,thestrict rules of construction are frequently departed from.

Thuc

the inf.

andpart. repeatedly occur before other

members

of the sent., instead of being placed last (see11. 2

and

₄₎; and in subord. sentences, the verb is not always last (see 1. 5). It is comparatively seldom,how- ever, that the fundamental rule, requiring the verb containing the copula(seeApp.)tobe thesecondideaintheprinc. sent., isdeparted from.

The

rhymes(as in Scott’_s poetry) are often very imperfect.

Thus we

have such rhymes as steil,

Geheul

; Getöse,

Schoosze

; riefr

Felsenriff_;

kühn,

hin.

1. 2.

zu

tauchen.

The

inf.would belast in prose.

1. 4.

The

part. ishere first, for emphasis, and the verb third, not second.

— ^Mund,

^‘gorge.’

1. 5.

Wer,

hererel.pron.; theantec., which is properly contained in thisword, isrepeatedinthenextline(er).

— kann would

belast in prose,asbeingina dep. sent.

1. 6. erist, etc., ‘it shall be;’ pres. for fut._; er here, of course, refers to

Becher.

1. 10. der

Charybde Geheul,

‘the howling of Charybdis,’i.e.,

‘thehowlingCharybdis.’

1. 11.

Wer —

Beherzte,

‘who

is brave enough,’

‘who

has the courage.^’

1. 12.

Zu tauchen;

this sup. depends on der

Beherzte

in the

NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

II

previous line.

—

nieder, as sep. pref., would precede the sup. zu

tauchen

inprose.

1. 13. die Ritter, die

Knappen;

‘the knights and squires;’

omissionoftheconj.

]. 14.

Vernehmen’s,

‘hear it(his words)

;’= vernehmen

es; a frequentelision.

1. 15.

The

first foot in this line (sehen)is a trochee, i.

e

. ,along

followedbya shortsyll. ₍

— ^

), instead ofan iambus.

1. 16. will; thesent. isprinc., and would take the verb after the subj. (Keiner)inprose; soalso inthenextsent.

1. 18. der

—

waget, ^‘

who

will venture down,’or‘is(boldenough) to venture

down

the indic. for subj. (wage) for the sake of the rhyme.

1. 20. sanft

und

keck, ‘gentle, yetbold.’

1. 2r. der

Knappen —

^{Chor, ‘thetrembling trainof squires,’i.}

e

. ,

thetrainoftrembling squires_;

compare

noteto^1. 10.

1. 22.

Here

again theconj. ^‘and^’isomitted; compare¹. 13.

1. 24. verwundert, ‘wondering,’ ‘inwonder.’

1. 25.

Hang,

‘thebrink,’ theoverhangingledge.

1. 27. die

Wasser,

‘thewaters’ (pl.).

1. 28.

wiedergab;

again the verb lastinaprinc. sent.,insteadof being at the beginning of the sent., as should be the casewith the subord. sent. (wieer, etc.)preceding, asitdoes.

1.

29, 30.

‘And

aswith thedistantthunder’srumbling

From

itsgloomylapthey

come

foamingandtumbling.’¹ esrefers, indefinitely, tothe Whirlpool.

1

. 31.

‘And

itbubblesandseethesandroarsandhisses.’

1

. 34. ^‘

And

flooduponfloodhurrieson, neverending^’ (Lytton).

1. 35. ^‘

And

neverwillbe exhaustedoremptied.’

1

. 36. Als, ‘asthough;’

ob

or

wenn

is omitted; hencetheverb immediatelyfollows.

1. 37. da, redundant.

—

legt sich, ‘iscalmed,’ ‘subsides.’

1. 39 has^{only threefeet, like}the precedingline.

1. 40. als ging’s, ‘as though it reached down,’compare 1. 36, note;esisindef. and impers., and cannot refer to Spalt,which is masc.

Compare

also1. 14, note.

1. 41. reissend, ‘raging;’ refers to

Wogen.

1LordLytton’sTranslation.

12 NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER

.

1. 47. der

Rachen,

‘thejaws’ of the ‘yawningcleft’

(gähnender

Spalt), 1.

39.— er— nimmer,

‘he is seen no more,’ lit.‘shows him- self;’

nimmer =

nicht

mehr.

1. 49. stillewird’s, ‘allgrowssilent,’ ^‘silence reigns.’

1. 50. brauset es hohl, ‘there’sahollowroar.’

1. 51, 52.

‘And

(tliiscry)isheardquiveringfrom

mouth

tomouth.’

Supply: ‘these words,’ or ^‘thiscry,’asobj. ofhört.

1. 53.

‘And more

and

more

hollow’tisheardtohowl;’ esreferring totheWhirlpool_; see_{1. 30, note.}

1. 54.

‘And

stillthey waitinanxiousand dreadsuspense eshere refers tothespectators.

1. 55.

Und

wärfst du, ‘and e’en thougli thou shouldst cast;’

omission of

wenn auch

; henceverbfirst. Lines 55-64^aresupposed to be spoken by one of the spectators.

—

selber, ‘itself;’ refers to

Krone.

1. 56.

Wer;

see1. 5, note.

1. 58.

Mich

gelüstete nicht, ‘I

would

not covet,’ subj.

mood,

with conditional force_; impers. verb(see Gloss.).

1. 59. verhehle, ‘mayconceal’(subj. mood).

1. 60.

‘No

happy, living soul (creature) will (ever) teil,’ Le_, no creaturewillbeso fortunate asto live toteil_; erzählt,pres. forfut.

1. 61.

Wohl manches Fahrzeug,

‘full

many

abark.’

1. 63, 64. ^‘But keel and mastalone,shatteredto pieces, wrenched themselves from the all-devouring grave.’ zerschmettert refers to Kiel

und Mast,

which words^{are also} modified

by nur;

allesisobj.

ofthepart. verschlingenden.

1. 66. ^‘

They

hear the roar

come

nearerandevernearer.’

1. 71, 72. Observethe Variationinthesetwolinesfrom the closing coupletofthe6thstanza.

1. 73, 74, ^‘

And

lo! fromthedark and swirling gulf a snow-white object is raised,’lit. ‘from the darkly swirling gulf it (something)is raisedwhite as a swan,’ Le. ,asswan’s-down. It isbetterto substitute snowy,orsnow-white,intranslating, asbeinga phrase

more

familiär to the English reader; es hereandin1. 76, below, indicates the yet indistinct object.

1

. 75.

wird

blosz, ‘are bared,’ Le.,

become

visible; sing, verb with two subjects,though both precede the verb. Seep. 19,^{1. 11,} note.

1. 76.

‘And

itswimswith vigorandunflagging energy.’

NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER. 13

1. 78.

Winken,

‘beckoning,’ ‘greeting.’

1. 79. ^‘

And

he drew a long breath, anddrewadeepbreath;

’ the

pron. omitted, asisfrequently thecase.

1. 81.

Mit

Frohlocken, ^‘jubilantly, ‘withdelight.’

1. 82.

Es

behielt ihn nicht, ^‘it retained

him

not,’ i.e._, heisfree fromitsgrasp.

Es

here againrefers tothemysterious depths of the Whirlpool.

1. 84. der

Brave,

^‘the brave youth;

’

brav

generally

means

^‘ex- cehent,’ ‘good,’ rather than ‘brave’ (i.e,

9 courageous); but

may

be besttransl. ‘brave’ in this passage.

—

die

lebende

Seele, ^‘his soul alive.’

1. 85. es

umringt

; es is here redundant, representing the real subj. Schar.

1. 88. winkt, ‘beckons,’ not ‘winks.’ See Gloss.

1. 90. also, ‘thus,’ ^‘withthesewords.’

1. 91.

Es

freue,etc., ^‘let

him

rejoice, whoever,’etc.; theredun- dant es representingwer, whichissubj. ofbothsentences.

1. 94.

‘And

letnot

man

tempt,’etc.;

versuche

isimper.

1. 96-99. ^‘I

was

hurled

downward

likethelightning’s flash(quickly as lightning)_;

when

(da, lit.then) from a rocky shaft there rushed toward

me

with wild flood a furious stream.*

1. 100.

Doppelstrom,

thedoubleforceofthedescendingfloodand ofthetorrentthatpouredoutfromtherocksattheside; transl.simply

‘eddy,’ or ‘doubleeddy.’

1. 104. höchsten, ‘utmost,’ ^‘mosturgent.’

1. 108. ins

Bodenlose,

‘into the abyss,’ lit. ‘the bottomless (deep).’

1. 109. bergetief, ^‘mountainsdeep.’

1. 110.

purpurner

; purpleisthecolour of theshadowsasseenby diversbeneaththesea, ratherthanblack.

1.

m. ‘And

though here allwasforever^{silent,’lit.} ‘slepttothe car;^’ eitherbecausethe creatureswerevoiceless, orbecause the poet supposed (though wrongly) that sounds could not be heard in the water.

The

formerexplanationseemspreferable.

1. 112. ‘yettheeyelooked

down

with shuddering;

’ supply

doch

;

in prose the constr. would be: so

sah

(doch)

das Auge mit Schaudern

hinunter.

1. 113, 114. ^‘(and saw)

how

it

swarmed

with,’etc., lit. ‘wasastir, alive.’

14 NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

1. 115, 116. ^*Darklythere

swarmed

inhorridmedley,coiled

up

in disgusting masses.’

1. 117.

Der

stachlichte

Roche,

^‘the pricklyray,^’eitherthe thorn- back,which hasa

row

of spinesalongitsback, or thesting-ray, which has a sharp spineforself-defenceinits tail.

—

der Klippenfisch, ‘the chzetodon,’ a small fish of ugly shape, though brilliant colours; not

=

‘lub-fish,’ as given in the dictionaries, which

means

‘dried cod- fish,’ andistheEng. equivalentfor Klippfisch.

The

Klippenfisch

isso calledbythepoetfromitsfrequentingsubmarinerock-clefts.

1. 118.

‘The

hideous, misshapen

hammer-headed

shark,’ lit. the hideous monstrosity ofthe, etc.; the

same

figureasin1. 10^(seenote).

1. 120.

des Meeres Hyäne

; so calledon accountofitsvoracity.

1. 121.

und

war’s, etc., ‘and

was

horriblyaware ^{of it,’ lit.} ‘was conscious ofittomyself withhorror.’

The

es after

war

is gov. by thepartic. adj.

bewusst,

beingthe olderformof thegen.,instead of thelatersein_;

mir

is refi. andethical dat. Seenoteto_{p. 7,} 1. 2.

1. 123.

‘Amid

spectres (monsters) theonly sentientbreast,’i.e.,the only creature

endowed

withsenseandfeeling.

Larven

; see Gloss.

1. 127. ^‘

And

with a shudder(shuddering)I thought of it, then a something crawled up(tome).’

The

latter es refers to

some

dimly discernedmonsterofthedeep, suchas theoctopus ordevil-fish.

1. 129. in

des Schrekens Wahn,

‘ina frenzy ofterror.’

1. 130. derKoralle

— ^Zweig,

^{‘thebranch of coral towhichI}

^had

clung.’

1. 132.

Doch —

^{Heil, ‘}yet ’twasfor

my

weal,’ ue,, it

was

the sav- ingofme.

1. 133. ^‘

The King

at thisissheer amazed.’

1. 138.

auf — Grunde,

‘intheundermost depthsofthesea.*

1. 140.

mit — Munde,

‘with coaxing lips,’ lit. ‘with flattering mouth.’

1. 141. ^‘Letthisbe enough, father, ofyourcruel Sport.*

1. 142. euch,ethical dat.

1. 143.

was —

^{besteht, ‘}

what

no one(eise) will stand.*

1. 144. ^‘

Then

letthe knights put the squireto

shame

;^’

mögen

is hereusedwiththe forceofthe imper.

1. 147. ^‘

And

ifthoubring

me

backthe goblet;^’ omissionof

wenn,

schaffenin thissenseis

weak

; itis strongonlyinthe sense of ^‘cre~

ating_;^’ zur Stelle schaffen, ^‘to bring (to the place where the Speakeris).*

NOTES TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER

. 15

1. 148. dertrefflichste Rittermir, ‘theforemost(lit. most excel- lent)of

my

^knights.’

1. 149.

Ehgemahl may

be parsed as nom. or acc.; in the latter caseilisneut., referring to sie.

1. 151, 152.

‘Then

his soul is seized (as though) with heavenly force, andakeenflashdartsfromhis eyes.’

1. 155.

Da

treibt’s ihn, ‘thenisheimpelled.*

1. 157. ‘Fullwell they hear the breakers, ⁱⁿsooth theyreturn.^,

1. 158. Sieis, ofcourse, acc., obj. ofverkündigt.

1. 159.

‘Then

there’sone

who

bends down,’etc.; es hererefers to theprincess.

1. 160.

‘They

come, they come, the waters all;’ es representing thesubj.

(Wasser)

before the verb.

1. 162. ‘Not one(ofthem)bringsback the youth.’ This verse is shortbyafoot,thus indicating thesuddennessof the catastrophe.

£

GLOSS ARY

TO

SCHILLER’S TAUCHER.

B

ballen,v. n. w., toroll, rollup.

beben, v. n. (haben) w., to tremble, quiver.

Becher, subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

, goblet,beaker, cup.

bedecken,v.a.w., to cover, veil.

begehren, v. a. w., to desire, wish for[sometimesgov. gen.].

begrüszen, v. a. w., to greet, salute.

beherzt, partic. adj.,courageous, brave; der

Beherzte

₍1. n), partic. subst., the brave

man.

Seenote.

bergetief, compd. adj.,

moun-

tains-deep.

bestimmen,

v. a. w., to deter- mine, appoint; set aside, pro- mise(1. 135).

bewusst, partic. adj., conscious, aware; gov. (refl.)dat.ofpers.

,

andgen. of thing. Seenoteto

1. 121.

Blitz, _subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, lightning, flash.

blitzen,v.n. (haben)w., toflash.

blitzesschnell[compd.adj.,quick as lightning, quickas a flash_;], adv., likelightning, likeaflash.

bodenlos, compd. adj., bottom- less;

das Bodenlose,

subst.

n., theabyss.

brav, adj., excellent, good; der Brave, subst. m., the fine, braveman,fellow(^1.84). [Like Fr.

brave

it generally means

“good”

or “excellent”rathei than “brave,” for which latter theadj. tapferisused.]

brandend,

partic. adj., surging, heaving, billowing.

Brandung,

subst. f., pl.-en, surge, surf, breakers.

brausen, v. n. (haben) w., to roar, rush.

brüllen, v. n. (haben) w., to roar, bellow.

C

Charybde,

subst. f. prop., Cha- rybdis (from the Greek), a Whirl- pool in the Straits of Messina, betweenSicilyand Italy.

GLOSSAR Y TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER

.

Chor, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.

Chöre

[chorus_]

;

train, troop, crowd, circle ₍1. 21). [das Chor, n.,

=

the choir (of a church).]

D

dampfen,

v. n. (haben) w., to steäm_; pres. part. and adj.

-d, steaming.

darob,adv., thereat, atit.

darreichen,v. a. sep.w., to

hand

over, present, offer.

Donner,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

,thunder.

donnern,

v. n. (haben) w., to thunder_; pres. part. and adj.

-d, thundering.

Doppelstrom,

subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-ströme, Whirl- pool, eddy (lit. “double stream”).

Drachen,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

, dragon.

drängen,v. a.w., to force, press, urge, push; refl. (recipr.), to

crowd

or press one

upon

the other. [Trans,formof dring- en.]

dräuen, v. a. w., to threaten, menace.

drauf,contr. fordarauf.

[drehen, v. a.

and

refl., to turn, twist, twirl.]

Drehen,

subst. n. (inf. of prec.), gen.-s, no pl., turning, twist- ing, twirling.

E

Edelknecht,

subst. m. comp.,

^gen.-(e)s,pl.-e,page, squire.

Edelgestein, subst. n. comp,

coli., gen.-(e)s,nopl.,precious stones, jeweis (coli, form of Edelstein).

Ehgemahl,

subst. m. and n.

comp.,spouse,consort;husband (m. or n.) or wife (n. only).

Seenoteon^1. 149.

Einsamkeit,

subst. f., pl.-en, loneliness, solitude.

entgegenstürzen, v. n. (sein) w., to rush against or toward (dat. ofperson).

entrinnen,v. n. (sein), entrann, entronnen,toescapefrom(gov.

dat.).

Entsetzen, subst. n., gen.-s, no

pl., horror, terror.

entstürzen, v. n. (sein) w., to rush,gushforthfrom(gov. dat.).

erfassen,v. a. w., toseize,grasp, takeholdof.

erröten,v. n. (sein)w., errötete, errötet, toblush(turnred).

erschöpfen, v. a., to exhaust; refl., to exhaust one’s seif, be exhausted.

ewig

[adj. (no compar.), eternal, everlasting

;], adv., forever, eternally.

F

Fahrzeug,

subst. n. comp.,gen.

-(e)s, pl.-e, vessel, ship (pro- perlyaconveyanceof any^sort).

Fels(en), subst. m., gen.-en, -ens, dat. acc. , -en, pl.

-en, rock [; compare decl. of

Buchstabe,

etc.].

Felsenriff, subst. n. comp.,gen.

-(e)s, pl.-e, rocky crag, point or ledge ofrock; reef.

felsig(t), adj., rocky. [Schiller frequently has these forms in -igt, icht, with an added -t_; comp, rosigt, stachlicht, be- low.]

Finsterniss, subst. f., pl.-e, darkness,gloom, obscurity.

flehen, v. a. w., to beg, entreat, pray.

GLOSSA R V TO SCHILLER

^’

S TA UCHER.

1

9

Fleiss, subst. m., gen.-es, no

pl., industry, assiduity, vigour.

Flut, subst. f., pl.-en, flood, stream; water.

fluten, v. n. (haben) w., -ete, geflutet,to wave, heave; pres.

part. and adj. -d, heaving, bil-

lowing(1. 73).

Frohlocken, subst. n. (inf. of corresponding v.), gen.-s, no

pl., rejoicing, gladness,delight.

funkeln, v. n. (haben) w., to sparkle, flash

; pres. part. and adj.-d,sparkling, flashing.

furchtbar, fürchterlich, adj., terrible, frightful, awful, dread- ful; adv.

, terribly, etc.

G

gäh

(orjäh)[adj., headlong_; pre- cipitous_; steep;], adv., head- long, precipitously.

gähnen,

v. n. (haben) w., to yawn, gape_; pres. part.andadj.

-d,yawning, gaping.

geballt (past part. of ballen), adj., rolled up,heapedup.

Gefühl, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.

-e,feeling, Sentiment.

geheimnissvoll

[comp, adj., mysterious, inscrutable_;], adv., mysteriously,inscrutably.

Geheul,subst. n.freq_,gen.-(e)s, nopl., howling, howl.

Gelenk,subst.n.,gen.-(e)s,pl.-e, limb, joint.

Gemisch,

subst. n. coli., gen.

-es, pl.-e, mixture, medley, confusion.

Gestalt, subst. f., pl.-en, shape, form, figure.

Getöse

[or Getöse], subst. n.

freq., gen.-s, no pl., uproar, roar, noise, din, tumult.

gewinnen,

v. a. insep.,

gewann, gewonnen,

towin,gain.

Gischt, subst. m., gen.-es,

no

pl., spray, vapour.

gnädig, adj., gracious, merciful

;

adv., mercifully.

grässlich, adj., horrible, horrid, dreadful, awful.

Grauen,

subst. n. (inf.),gen.-s, nopl., horror, dread.

gräulich, adj., horrid, horrible, hideous.

graus, adj., dreadful, fearful, horrible, horrid.

grausam,

sadj.,cruel.

Grausen,

subst. n. (inf.), gen.-s, nopl., horror,dread, awe.

grimmig,

adj., fierce, cruel.

grundlos, adj., no compar., bot- tomless.

Gürtel, subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

, girdle, beit, zone.

H

Hai, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, shark.

Hammer,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

Hämmer [hammer hammer-

headedshark.

Hang,

subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no

pl.,overhanging edgeormargin,

brow

(ofaprecipice).

harren,v. n. (haben)w., to wait, tarry, linger.

Heil, subst. n., gen.-(e)s,nopl., salvation, rescue, saving; weal, good. [Conn.withEng. “hail”

and “heal.” See heilen in formerGloss.]

heränkriechen, v. n. (sein)sep., kroch, gekrochen, tocreep up, crawlup(toward theSpeaker).

hervorringen, v. a. refl. sep., rang,

gerungen,

to wrendi one’s seif loose, free one’s seif with awrench.

heulen,v.n.(haben)w.,tohowl;

pres. part. andadj.-d, howling.

20 GLOSSAR Y TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

heut(e), adv. oftime, to-day, this day.

Hilfe [or Hülfe], subst. f., no

pl., help, assistance, aid, suc- ccur.

Hlmmelsgewält,

subst. comp,

f., pl.-en,

power

from heaven, heavenly power.

himmlisch,

adj., heavenly, ce- lestial. ^'

hinabblicken, v. n. (haben)sep.

w., tolookdown, glance down, hinäbschiessen,v.n.(sein)sep., schoss,

geschossen,

to shoot down, dartdown,

hinäbsehen,

v. n. (haben) sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look

downward.

hinäbwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throwdown, castdown, hinäbziehen, v. a. sep.,zog, ge-

zogen, to

draw

down, ^pull down.

hinäushangen,

v. n. (haben) sep.,hieng,

gehangen,

hängst, to

hang

(out) over.

hineinschleudern, v. a. sep. w., tohurlin, flingin.

hineinwerfen, v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, wirf, wirfst, to throwin, castin.

hinsinken, v. n. (sein) sep., sank,

gesunken,

tosinkdown,

falldown.

hinunter, adv., down,

downward

(away fromthe Speaker), hinunterklaffen, v. n. (haben)

sep.w., togape or

yawn down-

wards; toopen yawning

down-

wards.

hinunterreissen, v. a. sep.,riss, gerissen, to tear down, pull down,hurldown,

hinunterschlingen, ^v. a. sep., schlang,

geschlungen,

to swallow down, gulpdown, hinuntersehen, v. n. (haben)

sep., sah, gesehen, sieh, siehst, to look down, gaze down.

hinünterwagen,

v. a. refl. sep.

w., toventuredown.

hinweg,

adv., away, off (stronger formofweg).

hinwegspülen,

v. a. sep. w., to

wash

away.

hochherzig, adj. comp., mag- nanimous, noble (lit. “high- hearted”).

Höhe,

subst. f., pl.-n, height, elevation_; summit,top.

Höllenraum,

subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.

-räume,

space or realmofhell.

Höllenrachen, subst.m. comp., gen.-s, no ^pl., jaws of hell,

mouth

ofhell.

Hyäne,

subst.f., pl.-n, hyena.

j

jubeln, v. n. (haben) w., to shout (for joy), be jubilant

;

pres. part. and adj. -d, joyful, jubilant_; adv. joyfully, gladly, withshouts ofjoy.

K

keck, adj., bold, fearless, un- daunted, courageous.

klaffen,v. n. (haben)w., toopen up, gape, yawn.

[klammern,

v. a. refl. w., to

ding

to(gov.

an

withacc.).]

Klippe, subst. f., pl.-n, cliff, precipice, rock.

Klippenfisch, subst. m. comp., gen. -es, pl.-e, chsetödon (a fish of ugly shape. See1. 117, note).

Knapp(e), subst. n.,gen.-en, pl.

-en, page, squire^(theattendant ofa

nobleman

orknight).

GLOSSAR Y TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER

.

21

Koralle, subst. f.,pl.-n, coral.

Kreisel, subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

,top (forspinning).

kühn, adj., bold, keen_; daring, courageous, undaunted; adv.

boldly, etc.

Kunde,

subst. f., no pl., knowl- edge ; Information, news.

[Kunde,

m.,

=

“customer.”]

L

Larve, subst. f., pl.-n [mask;], spectre, monster.

leeren, v. a. w., to empty, ex- haust; v. refh, to

empty

one’s seif,exhaust one’sseif.

M

Macht,

subst. f., pl.

Mächte,

might, power. [Syns. Kraft,

Gewalt

; see under Kraft in formerGloss.]

mengen,

v. a. and refl. w., to mix, mingle.

Molch,

subst. m., pl.-e [Sala- mander,], reptile.

N

Nacken,

subst.m.,pl. ,nape, neck. [See the syn.

Hals

in formerGloss.]

medertauchen,

v. n. (sein) sep.

w., toplunge down, dive down.

O

Ode,

substf.,nopl.,desolation, solitude.

P

Preis, subst. m., gen.-es, pl.-e, prize[price; praise_; in thissig- nificationhasnopl.].

purpurn,adj.,nocompar.,purple.

See noteto1. no.

R Rachen,

subst. m.,pl.

,jaws.

gorge.

ragen, v. n. (haben) w., to rise.

project

; pres. part. and adj., -d, projecting.

rasen, v. n. (haben) w., to rage, befurious,rave; pres. part.and adj.,-d, raging, furious.

Rede, subst. f., pl.-n, speech, language. [Syn. Sprache, which

means

language, or the faculty of speech; R.

=

also

“a

speech,” or set form of words.

]

reissen,v. a., riss, gerissen, to tear, pull_; pres. part. and adj., -d, raging.

[Riff, subst. n., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, reef, crag (projecting point of rock).]

ringen, v. n. (haben) and ref!.,

rang,

gerungen

[to wrestle], wrest, wrench (one’s seif free).

Seenoteto1. 63.

Ritter, subst.m., gen.-s,pl. ,

knight, cavalier.

Rittersmann,

subst. m. comp., gen.-(e)s, pl.-leute, knight, cavalier.

Roche,

subst. m., gen.-n, ^pl.-n, ray (a flat fish of ugly shape, allied to the family of skates).

Seenoteto1. 117.

rosig(t), adj., rosy,ruddy.

Comp.

felsig(t), above.

rudern, v. n. (haben)w., torow.

Seenoteto1

. 76.

S.

Salamander,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl. _, Salamander (a kind of lizard, not a marine animal,

22 GLOSSAR Y TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

thoughspecified bythe poet as such).

Sausen,

subst. n. (inf._), gen.-s, nopl.,rushing, whistling, howl- ing; blast.

Schacht, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.-e, and Schächte, shaft (of a mine), cleft,gorge, chasm.

schaffen, v. a. w., to procure

;

see noteto1. 148.

[The

strong verb (schaffen, schuf, ge- schaffen)

—

“_tocreate.”

The weak

verb also

”

“_to have to do with a person,” as:

was habe

ich

mit

dir

zu

s.,

“what

have I to

do

withthee?” and dialectically (South

German)

“_towork.”]

Schall, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.

Schälle, sound,noise, tone.

Schar, subst. f., pl.-en, crowd, multitude, host.

schaudern, v.n. (haben) w., to shudder.

Schaudern,

subst. n. (inf. of prec.), gen.-s, 110 pl., shudder- ing, horror.

schauen,

v.a. w., tobehold, see.

[More explicit than its syn.

sehen.]

schäumen,

v. n. (haben) w., to

foam

_; pres.part.

and

adj., -d, foaming.

scheusslich, adj., horrid, loath- some, disgusting.

schier, adv., almost; very

much

[-=Eng. “sheer”].

schleudern, v. a. w., to hurl, fling.

schlingen, v. a., schlang, ge-

schlungen,

to swallow [to en- twine].

Schlund,

subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.

Schlünde,

mouth, jaws, gorge, abyss.

Schosz,

subst. m., gen. -es, pl.

Schösze, lap,

bosom

; depth, abyss.

schrecklich,adj., terrible, dread*

ful.

Schrei, subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.

-e,cry, scream, shout.

schroff,adj., steep, precipitous.

schwänenweiss,

adj., no com- par.,white as a

swan

(as

swanV

down).

Schwimmer,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl. _, swimmer.

schwindelnd, part. adj., giddy, dizzy.

schwingen,

v. a.,

schwang, ge- schwungen,

toswing, wave.

See, subst. f.,pl.-a? sea, ocean-.

[Syn.

Meer. Der

See, m.,

=

“the lake.”]

sieden,v.n. (haben)w., siedete^

gesiedet,to seethe, boil. [The

str.v.(sott,gesotten)is trans.,*

comp, the Eng. adj. “sod*

den.”]

Spalt,subst. m., pl.-e[also-e,f~, pl.-n], slit, cleft, rift, fissure^

gap, chasm.

spritzen [orsprützen], v. a. and

n. (haben), to spurt, gush.

spülen, v. a. w., to

wash

out, rinse.

stächlich(t), adj., prickly.

steil, adj., steep, precipitous, sheer.

Sterben, subst. (inf.)n., gen.-s, nopl., dying, death.

Stillschweigen, v. n. (haben), schwieg,

geschwiegen,

to be silent [inf. used as subst. n., silence].

Strudel, subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

, Whirlpool, eddy, vortex.

strudeln, v. n. (haben) w., to eddy, bubble, boil_; pres. part.

andadj.,-d, eddying, boiling.

stumm,

adj.,

dumb,

mute, silent.

[Sturm,

subst. m., gen.-(e)s,pl.

Stürme,

storm, tempest.]

Sturmessäusen,

subst. comp,n., gen.-s,nopl.,whistling or roar-

GLOSSAR V TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER. 23

ing of a storm, tempestuous roar.

T

tauchen,v.a.w., to dive, plunge.

Taucher,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

, diver.

teuer,adj.,compar.teurer,superl.

teuerst,dear,precious(ofcom*

mercialaswellas moralvalue).

tiefünterst, comp, superl. adj., bottom-most, very deepest or lowest.

Toben,

subst.ji.(inf._),rage, fury, violence.

Trichter, subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

,funnel, gorge.

trefflich, adj., excellent, eminent, choice.

U

umarmen,

v.a. insep. w., toem- brace.

umklammern,

v. a. insep. w., toclingto, embrace_; pastpart.

andadj.,-t,see noteto1. 130.

umringen,

v. a. insep.w., to Sur- round [notconn. with the strong v. ringen,“towring,”butder.

from Ring].

umtreiben,v.a. sep.,trieb, ge- trieben,to drive around, cause to

move

ina^circle.

unendlich,adj.,nocompar., end-

^less, never-ending.

Ungeheuer,

subst. n., gen.-s,pl.

,monster.

Üngestalt, subst. f., pl.-en, monstrosity, monstrousshape.

V

verhehlen, v. a. insep. w., to hide,conceal(dat. of pers. from

whom

the thing is hidden).

[Theoldstrongpart.verhohlen appears in the adv. unver- hohlen, “without conceal- ment.”]

verkündigen, v. a. insep. w., to announce, proclaim.

vernehmen,

v. a. insep., ver-

nahm, vernommen,

ver-

nimm, vernimmst,

toperceive, hear.

verwundert, adj. and adv., as- tonished,surprised_; inastonish-

ment

orsurprise.

W

wagen,

v. a. w., to dare,venture.

Wahn,

subst. m., gen.-(e)s, no

pl., illusion; frenzy,madness.

wallen,v. n.

(haben

[andsein]) w. [to walk,

make

a pilgrim- age_;], towave, heave. [In the former sense it takes

haben when

action only is expressed, sein

when

direction also is meant._]

Wasserhohle,

subst. f. comp., pl.-n, watery grave or abyss

(lit. ^{‘ i}water-cavern”).

Wasserschlund,

subst.m.comp., gen.-(e)s,pl.-schlünde, watery gorge orabyss.

wegwerfen,

v. a. sep., warf, geworfen, ^wirf, wirfst, to throw away, cast away, fling away.

[weilen, v. n. (haben) w., to wait, tarry.]

Weilen,

subst. n., inf. of prec., gen.-s,nopl.,waiting, tarrying, expectation.

Welle,

subst. f., pl.-n, wave, billow.

wiederkehren, v. n. (sein) sep.

w., to return,

come

back.

34 GLOSSA RY TO SCHILLER' S TAUCHER.

wildflutend, partic. comp, adj., with wildflood, raging.

wimmeln,

v. n. (haben) w., to teem, swarm.

[winken, v. n. (haben) w., to beckon, signal (see note to 1.

88).]

Winken,

subst. n., inf. of prec., gen.-s, no pl.,beckoning, wav- ing, signal.

Wirbel,

subst. m., gen.-s, pl.

,Whirlpool, eddy.

Woge,

subst. f., pl.-n, wave, billow (less

common

than Welle).

wüten,

v. n. (haben)w., wütete, gewütet,torage, be furious or wild; pres. part.

and

adj.-d, raging, furious.

Z

zagen, v. n. (haben) w., to tremble, be timid or afraid_\ pres. part. and adj.-d, timid, afraid, fearful_; adv., timidly, etc.

zähmen,

v. a. w., to tarne, sub- due,repress.

zerschmettern,v. a. w., to dash to pieces,break,destroyutterly

;

pastpart.andadj. -t,dashedto pieces.

zischen, v. n.(haben) w., to hiss (imitativeword).

zugleich, adv. of time, at the

same

time.

Zweig,

subst. m., gen.-(e)s, pl.

-e, twig, branch,bough.

A D D E N D A.

Kiel,subst.m.,gen. -(e)s,pl.-e, keel.

Mast,

subst. m., gen. -es, pl.

-en, mast.

Schaum,

subst. m., gen. ~(e)s,

pl.

Schäume

(rare), foam, scum.

verwundern,

v. a. refl.w., tobe surprised,astonished.

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