6 Spatial Data and XML

(1)

6.1 Standards 6.2 XML

6.3 GML 6.4 SVG

6.5 Summary

Spatial Databases and GIS – Karl Neumann, Sarah Tauscher– Ifis – TU Braunschweig 490

6 Spatial Data and XML

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• Collection of spatial data is particularly expensive

• Geoservices are

increasingly offered by the internet

• Spatial data should be capable of being

integrated and easily interchangeable

• Unified visualization of spatial data is desirable

• Preferably do not use individual formats but common standards

6 Spatial Data and XML

http://www.lgmv.de/



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• De facto standards emerge over time through frequent use

• De facto standards are standardized by institutions

• In the area of standards for spatial data the following institutions are important

– International Organization for Standardization (ISO) – Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)

– Working Committee of the Surveying Authorities of the States of the Federal Republic of Germany

(Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Vermessungsverwaltungen der Länder der Bundesrepublik Deutschland (AdV))

6.1 Standards

(4)

• International Organization for Standardization (ISO)

– International association of

standardization bodies from approx. 160 countries – Founded in 1947

– Develops standards in many technical areas

– Serves the exchange of goods and services and the mutual cooperation

– In the area of spatial information 5 working groups (in ISO/TC 211)

6.1 Standards

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• National standardization bodies and ISO

6.1 Standards

http://www.geoinformation.net/

(6)

• ISO/TC 211 geographic information/geomatics

– Approx. 65 members

– Edits the standard series ISO 19100

6.1 Standards

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• ISO 19107 Spatial Schema

6.1 Standards

(8)

• Geometry classes in the spatial schema

6.1 Standards

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• Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC)

– International consortium of approx. 510 members (industry, administration, research), founded 1994 – Develops fundamentals for standardized access

methods for spatial

information

– Member of W3C

(since 2007)

6.1 Standards

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– Products of the OGC are specifications

• Basic models, abstract specifications, implementation specifications

– Overview of abstract specifications

6.1 Standards

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– Particularly important: Simple Features

• Standard for modeling the geometry of spatial objects

• 0-, 1-, 2-dimensional, straight lines, no topology

6.1 Standards

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• SQL/MM spatial vs.

Simple Features geometry

6.1 Standards

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• Working Committee of the

Surveying Authorities of the States of the Federal Republic of Germany (AdV)

– Coordination of the German cadastral surveying – Development of recommendations for

• Authoritative topographic cartographic information system (amtliches topographisch-kartographisches

Informationssystem (ATKIS))

• Authoritative real estate cadastre information system (amtliches Liegenschafts-Kataster-Informationssystem (ALKIS))

6.1 Standards

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– Representation of the official German surveying in international institutions (see chapter 2.6 AAA-Project)

– Provide ISO/OGC-compliant components for spatial data infrastructure

– Example: AFIS-ALKIS-ATKIS specialized technical

schema with 226 object types, including

• Buildings

6.1 Standards

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• Object class: AX_Gebaeude with definition:

"A permanent building, whose documentation is required because of its importance as a property and which serves the purpose of the basic information of real estate cadastre "

• With 20 attributes, including:

• Function of building with approx. 200 values, including:

• 2000 (business/industry), 2056 (pharmacy), 2081 (restaurant), 3071 (police)

– Provide the technical schemas (and all object copies) in ISO/OGC-compliant formats

6.1 Standards

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• Example: a single building

<AX_Gebaeude gml:id="DEHHSERV00001FN1">

...

<gml:Polygon>

<gml:exterior>

<gml:Ring>

...

<gml:pos>3567807.047 5930017.550</gml:pos>

<gml:pos>3567810.850 5930024.755</gml:pos>

...

<gml:pos>3567807.047 5930017.550</gml:pos>

...

</gml:Ring>

</gml:exterior>

</gml:Polygon>

</position>

</AX_Gebaeude>

6.1 Standards

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• Extensible Markup Language

• Representation of hierarchically structured data in the format of text files

• Metalanguage for the description

and generation of markup languages

• "Standard for exchanging data on the web"

• "Special context-free grammar for defining specific context-free grammars"

6.2 XML

(18)

• A (formal) grammar G = (N, , P, S) consists of

– A finite set N of nonterminal symbols

– A finite set  of terminal symbols, with   N = 

– A finite set P of production rules,

each rule of the form (  N)* N (  N)*  (  N)*

– A distinguished symbol S  N, the start symbol

6.2 Context-free Grammar

Phrase structure

Turing machine Context-

sensitive

Linear- bounded automata Context-

free

Push- down automata

Regular Finite-

state automata

(19)

• Example G = ({A,B,C,st},

{a,b,c,x},

{st  ABc, A  aAb, A  x,

B  BCc, bbB  ,

xCc  }, st)

6.2 Context-free Grammar

(20)

• A context-free grammar (CFG) is a grammar G = (N, , P, S)

where all pP have the form

n  (  N)*

with nN

6.2 Context-free Grammar

(21)

• A CFG generating n-tupels G

_ntup

= ({S, name, n-tuple, element, chars, letter, digit},

{[, ], 0, 1, …, 9. a, b, …, z, A, B. …, Z}, {S  [ name n-tuple ],

n-tuple  element n-tuple, n-tuple  , element  [ name chars ],

name  letter chars, chars  ,

chars  letter chars, chars  digit chars, letter  a, … z, A, …, Z, digit  0, …, 9 },

S)

6.2 Context-free Grammar

(22)

• By applying some pP and reducing N and P

G

_ntup

defines another CFG G

_addr

=

({S, chars, letter, digit}

{[, ], 0, 1, …, 9. a, b, …, z, A, B. …, Z}, {S  [ address [ street letter chars ] [ houseNumber digit chars]

[ postalCode digit digit digit digit digit]

[city letter chars ] ] , chars  ,

chars  letter chars, chars  digit chars,

letter  a, … z, A, …, Z, digit  0, …, 9 }, S)

6.2 Context-free Grammar

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• Some wL(G

_ntup

)

– [ n2 [ e1 28Xtw2a ] [ e2 why ] ]

– [ LX31a [ nb4d 46376233bstadwBGaC ]

[ jffd34gv FsL23rgJ ] [ ml22 Kernel ]

[ dd 35Tmndsl ] [ st st ] [ XTc noise7 ] ]

• Some wL(G

_addr

)

– [address [street Fischteichweg] [houseNumber 42A]

[postalCode 26603] [city Aurich] ]

– [address [street tc8] [houseNumber 35stg]

[postalCode 37240] [city groM2] ]

6.2 Context-free Grammar

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• Document class: a concrete class of XML-based applications

• Document: extension of a document class

• The structure of

document classes can be specified by means of a

document type definition (DTD)

6.2 XML

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/

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• Main components of the DTDs are

– Elements – Attributes – Entities

• Elements are the basic modules of XML documents

– Consist of a start and an end tag – May be empty

– May be nested (hierarchical structure of XML documents)

6.2 XML

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• Example: a DTD of a city

6.2 XML

classes city, name, inhabitants, area, polygon, point, x, y;

aggregations (city, name) (1), (city, inhabitants) (0..1), (city, area) (1),

(area, polygon) (1..n), (polygon, point) (4..n), (point, x) (1),

(point, y) (1);

<!ELEMENT city(name, inhabitants?, area)>

<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT inhabitants(#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT area(polygon+)>

<!ELEMENT polygon (point, point, point, point, point*)>

<!ELEMENT point(x, y)>

<!ELEMENT x (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT y (#PCDATA)>

(27)

– A well-formed instance:

6.2 XML

<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>

<!DOCTYPE city SYSTEM "city.dtd">

<city><name>Braunschweig</name>

<area>

<point><x>10353</x><y>2484</y></point> ...

</polygon>

</area>

</city>

(28)

– Another well-formed instance:

6.2 XML

<?xml version="1.0" standalone="yes"?>

<!DOCTYPE city SYSTEM "city.dtd">

<city><name>Ausschnitt</name>

<area>

<point><x>welchem</x><y>Text</y></point>

<point><x>Du</x><y>gleichst</y></point>

<point><x>dem</x><y>Geist</y></point>

...

<point><x>nicht</x><y>mir</y></point>

</polygon>

</area>

</city>

(29)

• Attributes specify additional properties of elements

– Example:

6.2 XML

[EE04]

<text font-family= "Arial" font-weight= "bold" font-size= "350"

stroke= "#FFFFFF" fill= "#FFFFFF" x= "-130.0" y="115.0"> U

</text>

(30)

• Entities

– Placeholder for content

– Will be declared once and can be used repeatedly – At each place of use the parser replaces reference by

appropriate value – Example:

6.2 XML

<!ENTITY baumgrün "#00ff00">

<!ENTITY grenzviolett "#9900ff">

<path id="SN4100_einzelsignaturNadelholz"

d="M 130 0 L -50 0 0 -180 50 0"

fill="none" stroke-miterlimit="20"

stroke-linejoin="miter"

stroke-width="12" stroke="&baumgrün;"/>

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• To model non-hierachical structures and for modularization of XML documents multiple concepts exist

– Namespaces – XPath

– XPointer

6.2 XML

(32)

• Namespaces

– Are declared as attribute (of an element) and apply to all sub-trees of that element

– Include a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) as address

6.2 XML

[EE04]

<AX_Bestandsdatenauszug

xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml">

… <gml:featureMember>

…

<gml:pos>3540437.686 5804332.854</gml:pos>

…

</gml:featureMember> …

</AX_Bestandsdatenauszug>

(33)

• XML Path Language (XPath)

– Addressing within XML documents (trees) – Basis of XPointer

• Paths

– Absolute (begin with '/' for root node) or relative (to the current context node)

– Contain axis information, node tests, predicates

6.2 XML

[EE04]

(34)

• XML Pointer Language (XPointer)

– Addressing parts of XML documents – Extension of XPath

– Simple references refer to XML elements which are identified by an ID

6.2 XML

</g>

…

<use transform="translate(120515.9,152201.3) rotate(136)"

xlink:href="#SN3316SymbolKirche"/>

(35)

• Structure of XML documents can be defined by DTDs

• However, expressiveness of DTDs is restricted

– No specific data

types (only CDATA) – Only few structuring

options by sub-elements

– Integrity constraints hardly definable

<!ELEMENT city(name, inhabitants?, area)>

<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT inhabitants(#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT area(polygon+)>

<!ELEMENT polygon

(point, point, point, point, point*)>

<!ELEMENT point(x, y)>

<!ELEMENT x (#PCDATA)>

<!ELEMENT y (#PCDATA)>

6.2 XML

(36)

• XML-Schema

– Language for modeling structured information – Describes by schema language

• Data types

• Documents

• Document Groups

– Alternative to DTDs

– Element contents can be typed and reused

– Allows limitations of value ranges and specifications of cardinalities

6.2 XML-Schema

</restriction>

</simpleType>

(37)

• Numerous data types are provided, including

– xsd:string, xsd:boolean, xsd:decimal, xsd:float, xsd:time, xsd:date, xsd:integer (xsd: namespace of XML-Schema)

• Construction of data types with

– Base type with restrictions

• Length specifications, patterns, ranges, enumerations

• List types and union types

6.2 XML-Schema

<xsd:simpleType name="ObjektartName">

<xsd:restriction base="xsd:string">

<xsd:pattern value="A[XP]_[a-zA-Z0-9_]+"/>

</xsd:restriction>

</xsd:simpleType>

AX_Bestandsdatenauszug

(38)

• Complex element declarations are possible

6.2 XML-Schema

[EE04]

(39)

• Example of a complex element declaration

6.2 XML-Schema

</choice>

</complexType>

</element>

</sequence>

</complexType>

</element>

</choice>

</complexType>

</element>

</sequence>

</complexType>

</element>

(40)

• Example of an element instance

6.2 XML-Schema

...

<Bezeichnung>Schriftformat F K 28 blau</Bezeichnung>

<Schriftart>Arial</Schriftart>

<Schriftstil>Fett, Kursiv</Schriftstil>

</Schriftfarbe>

</SchriftStyle>

<Effekt>Grossbuchstaben</Effekt>

</SchriftSignatur>

</Signatur>

...

</Signaturen>

(41)

• Definition of keys and foreign keys

6.2 XML-Schema

[EE04]

(42)

• Geography Markup Language, generated by the use of XML (and XML-Schema); XML application

• Version 3.2 identical with ISO 19136

• To exchange spatial objects (in the OGC context: "features")

• Defined by OGC and ISO TC 211

• Defines numerous constructs for modelling own spatial applications, including

– Objects (features) and geometries

6.3 GML

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• The basic elements and data types are defined in 33 XML-Schema documents (base schemas)

• A concrete application has to be derived from the given schemas

6.3 GML

[SX08]

(44)

• The central class is the abstract feature type

• “All specific feature types defined in application

schemas must be derived from AbstractFeatureType”

6.3 GML

</sequence>

</extension>

</complexContent>

</complexType>

(45)

• Among others the geometries of the "Simple Features" are provided

– Typically 2-dimensional geometries with straight lines – Including points, lines, polygons

6.3 GML

(46)

• Definition of the polygon type

6.3 GML

</complexType>

</element>

</complexType>

</element>

</sequence>

</extension>

</complexContent>

</complexType>

(47)

• Definition of an own feature type

6.3 GML

</sequence>

</extension>

</complexContent>

</complexType>

(48)

– Own feature type "lakeType" in the context of GML types

6.3 GML

(49)

• AFIS ALKIS ATKIS schema of the AdV is a (very large) example of a GML-

compliant modeling of a spatial application

• Consists of a base schema (contains common base classes for spatial objects)

• And of technical schemas (containing all object classes needed for representing the information occurring in cadastral surveying)

• For ALKIS there exist more than 220 object types including numerous types of relationships

6.3 GML

http://www.adv-online.de/

(50)

• Here only a very small example is presented:

the schema of a single object class

"AX_Gebaeude" (simplified)

6.3 GML

<element name="gebaeudefunktion"

type="adv:AX_GebaeudefunktionType"/>

<element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0"

name="weitereGebaeudefunktion"

type="adv:AX_Weitere_GebaeudefunktionType"/>

name="name" type="string"/>

<element maxOccurs="unbounded" minOccurs="0" name="nutzung"

type="adv:AX_Nutzung_GebaeudePropertyType"/>

(51)

6.3 GML

<element minOccurs="0" name="bauweise"

type="adv:AX_Bauweise_GebaeudeType"/>

<element minOccurs="0" name="anzahlDerOberirdischenGeschosse"

type="integer"/>

<element minOccurs="0" name="anzahlDerUnterirdischenGeschosse"

type="integer"/>

<element minOccurs="0" name="dachform"

type="adv:AX_DachformType"/>

<element minOccurs="0" name="zustand"

type="adv: AX_Zustand_GebaeudeType"/>

name="baujahr" type="integer"/>

<element minOccurs="0" name="lageZurErdoberflaeche"

type="adv:AX_LageZurErdoberflaeche_GebaeudeType"/>

(52)

<element minOccurs="0" name="dachgeschossausbau"

type="adv:AX_Dachgeschossausbau_GebaeudeType"/>

name="zeigtAuf" type="gml:ReferenceType">

</element>

name="gehoert" type="gml:ReferenceType">

</element>

</element>

name="haengtZusammenMit" type="gml:ReferenceType">

</element>

</sequence>

</extension>

</complexContent>

</complexType>

6.3 GML

(53)

<AX_Gebaeude gml:id="DEHHSERV00001FN1">

...

<gml:Polygon>

<gml:exterior>

<gml:Ring>

<gml:pos>3567807.047 5930017.550</gml:pos>

<gml:pos>3567810.850 5930024.755</gml:pos>

...

<gml:pos>3567807.047 5930017.550</gml:pos>

</gml:Ring>

</gml:exterior>

</gml:Polygon>

</position>

</AX_Gebaeude>

– An instance of "AX_Gebaeude" (simplified)

6.3 GML

"position":

inherited of class

AG_ObjektType

(54)

• GML serves (also) for the exchange of spatial objects

• Therefor the Web Feature Service (WFS) was defined

– Web-based access to data "of a distributed GIS"

– Only vector data are exchanged

– Requests are sent as a HTTP request from a client to the WFS

6.3 GML

http://workshops.opengeo.org/

(55)

– WFS offers the following operations

• GetCapabilities

• GetFeature

• DescribeFeatureType

• Transaction

• LockFeature

• GetCapabilities

– Describes which WFS services are available

– Gives the names of the available feature types

6.3 GML

http://www.htw-dresden.de/

(56)

• DescribeFeatureType

– Describes the schema of a feature type

• GetFeature

– Delivers an instance of a feature

– Supports spatial and non-spatial selections

6.3 GML

<wfs:Query typeName="AX_Gebaeude">

<ogc:Filter>

<ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>

<ogc:PropertyName>weitereGebaeudefunktion</ogc:PropertyName>

<ogc:Literal>1170</ogc:Literal>

</ogc:PropertyIsEqualTo>

</ogc:Filter>

</wfs:Query>

(57)

• Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG)

• XML-based language for

describing two-dimensional, freely scalable vector graphics

• Standard of the W3C

• Beside static graphics also interactions, animation, and filter applications are provided

• SVG files are relatively small and are editable with any text editor

6.4 SVG

(58)

• SVG documents are structured like XML documents

– Prolog with XML declaration and document type declaration

– Root element, including

• Declaration of namespaces and

• Definition area (also for non-SVG code)

– Attributes "width" and "height" specify the width and the height of the entire graphic

– Optional attribute "viewBox" defines reference frame, specified are its left lower point, its width and height

6.4 SVG

(59)

– Example, declares a frame for a real estate map in the context of an A3 landscape format and a scale of

1:1000

6.4 SVG

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">

viewBox= "99269.744 150779.44 42000.0 29700.0"

xmlns:xlink= "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">

<defs>

.SN2028LinieFlurstueck{fill: none; stroke-width: 35; stroke-linecap: butt;

stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke: #000000;}

...

</style>

...

</defs>

...

</svg>

(60)

• Several SVG elements and attributes, including

– Line between 2 points (line)

– Line connecting several points (polyline) – Rectangle (rect)

– Circle – Ellipse – Polygon – Path

– Text

6.4 SVG

<rect x="5" y="5"

width="50" height="25"

style="stroke: blue; fill: none;">

</svg>

(61)

• Circle example (with instruction for grouping and transformation)

6.4 SVG

<g style="fill-opacity:0.3;

stroke:black;

stroke-width:0.1cm;">

<circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100"

style="fill:maroon;"

transform="translate(0,50)"/>

style="fill:deepskyblue;"

style="fill: limegreen;"

transform="translate(-70,150)"/>

</g>

(62)

• Path instruction for complex shapes, lines and areas

– Element’s attributes include the attribute "d" for specifying the points of the path

– Attribute "d" contains further commands for the interpretation of the points

– E.g. a point may be the begin or the end of a curve or of a line

6.4 SVG

<path id="SN4100_einzelsignaturNadelholz"

d="M 130 0 L -50 0 0 -180 50 0"

fill="none" stroke-miterlimit="20"

stroke-linejoin="miter"

stroke-width="12" stroke="&baumgrün;"/>

(63)

• Commands of the path instruction

6.4 SVG

command description example

M (MoveTo) specifies the starting point of a path M20 50 Z (ClosePath) generates a closed shape Z

L (LineTo) draws a line from the current point to the specified point

L50 100

H (Horizontal LineTo)

draws a horizontal line from the current point

H75

V (Vertical LineTo) draws a vertical line from the current point V40 C (CurveTo) draws a Bézier curve from the current

point

C30 0 50 20 60 15

Q (Quadratic Bézier CurveTo)

draws a quadratic Bézier curve from the current point

Q40 0 60 20 A (Elliptical Arc) draws an elliptic arc from the current point A25 25 -30 0 1

50 -25

(64)

<path fill="none" stroke-width="3"

stroke="green"

d="M 20 20 l 0 -13 M 16 20 q 0 -10 -5 -10 M 12 20 q 0 -6 -4 -6 M 24 20 q 0 -10 5 -10 M 28 20 q 0 -6 4 -6"

id="Pflanzensymbol"/>

• Path example (with quadratic Bezier curve)

6.4 SVG

(65)

• Path example (with grouping command and filled areas)

6.4 SVG

<path d="M -200.0 145.0 L -118.0 88.0 -94.0 97.0 -94.0 72.0 -148.0 72.0 -148.0 -27.0 -94.0 -27.0

-94.0 -152.0 33.0 -200.0 161.0 -134.0 161.0 80.0 200.0 115.0 132.0 200.0 62.0

150.0 62.0 72.0 0.0 72.0 0.0 150.0 -73.0 200.0 Z“ fill= "#FF0000"/>

<path d="M 0.0 -27.0 L 0.0 -119.0 62.0 -95.0 62.0 -27.0 Z"

fill= "#FFFFFF"/>

</g>

(66)

• Text instruction for text placement

– Beside being a graphic element, in SVG text is also available as a text element

– Several attributes,

including “x” and “y” for positioning

– Texts can be translated and turned

– Orientation, alignment, font stretch may be

specified among others

6.4 SVG

[SX08]

(67)

• Grouping instruction "g" to group elements

– Attributes of grouped elements can be specified altogether, e.g. style attributes

– Groups can be named

6.4 SVG

<circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:maroon;"

<circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:deepskyblue;"

<circle cx="6cm" cy="2cm" r="100" style="fill:limegreen;"

transform="translate(-70,150)"/></g>

(68)

– Also different elements may be grouped

• With the "use" element an

instance of a named element

(e.g. of a group) is created

6.4 SVG

<path d="M-250.0 310.0 L -250.0 -190.0 0.0 -310.0 250.0 -190.0 250.0 310.0 Z"

fill= "#00FFFF"/>

<text font-family= "Arial" font-weight= "bold"

font-size= "420" stroke= "#FFFFFF"

fill= "#FFFFFF" x= "-130.0" y="150.0">

P </text>

</g>

<use transform="translate(135463.0,173871.7)"

xlink:href="#SN3309SymbolParkhausParkdeck"/>

(69)

• SVG can be combined with the language

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

• CSS is a declarative

"style sheet language" for structured documents

– Known essentially from the html environment

– A non XML based language for specifying format instructions for document browsers

6.4 CSS

(70)

• A CSS style sheet consists of rules with the following structure

– Selector {property: value; ... property: value;}

– Selector specifies an element;

values are assigned to the elements properties

– Selection criteria are properties of the elements (type, class, id, attribute values)

– Selection criteria can be combined

– Usually a simple selection with element names and user defined style classes is sufficient

6.4 CSS

http://learnwebcode.com/

(71)

– Example for selecting with element name

– Examples for user defined style classes

".name" shorthand for "*[class ~= name]"

6.4 CSS

.SN2505LinieGebaeude {fill: none; stroke-width: 18;

stroke-linecap: butt; stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke: #000000;}

.SN1309FlaecheGebaeude {fill: #FF7F7F;}

text {font-family:verdana,sans-serif; font-size:40px;

font-weight:bold;}

(72)

6.4 CSS

<path class="SN1309FlaecheGebaeude"

d="M 109255.8 170060.4 109825.8 170177.9 109867.8 170186.6 109777.9 170628.6 110164.4 170713.6 110179.5 170683.1 111105.2 170903.4 110966.5 171523.6 110750.0 172482.6 109803.6 172264.3 110023.8 171309.5 109642.7 171223.0 109627.7 171289.0 109048.0 171164.0 109255.8 170060.4"

/>

. . .

<path class="SN2505LinieGebaeude"

d="M 109255.8 170060.4 109825.8 170177.9 109867.8 170186.6 109777.9 170628.6 110164.4 170713.6 110179.5 170683.1 111105.2 170903.4 110966.5 171523.6 110750.0 172482.6 109803.6 172264.3 110023.8 171309.5 109642.7 171223.0 109627.7 171289.0 109048.0 171164.0 109255.8 170060.4"

/>

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• Overall the structure of a typical SVG document representing a map is as follows

– Prolog with XML declaration and document type definition

– Root element with

• Declaration of name spaces

• Domain with

Style classes

Named elements

• Elements for the actual drawing of

the map with usage of user defined style classes and user defined elements

• Style classes and named elements represent the converted signatures of the respective map series

6.4 SVG

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• Example (drastically shortened)

6.4 SVG Example

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">

viewBox= "99269.744 150779.44 42000.0 29700.0"

xmlns:xlink= "http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">

<defs>

.SN1301FlaecheWohnenallgemein {fill: #999999;}

.SN1309FlaecheGemeinwesenallgemein {fill: #FF7F7F;}

.SN1409FlaecheAckerland {fill: #FFF7BF;}

.SN2028LinieFlurstueck {fill: none; stroke-width: 35; stroke-linecap: butt;

stroke-linejoin: miter; stroke: #000000;}

... </style>

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6.4 SVG Example

<circle cx="0" cy="0" r="75" fill= "#FFFFFF" stroke-width= "18"

stroke-linecap= "round" stroke-linejoin= "round" stroke= "#000000"/>

</g>

<text font-family= "Arial" font-weight= "bold" font-size= "420" stroke= "#FFFFFF"

fill= "#FFFFFF" x= "-130.0" y="150.0">P</text>

</g>

<path fill="none" stroke= "#000000" stroke-width= "70" stroke-linecap= "butt"

d="M0.0 -500.0 L 0.0 500.0"/>

d="M-275.0 -200.0 L 275.0 -200.0"/>

</g>

...

</defs>

<circle cx="0" cy="0" r="75" fill= "#FFFFFF" stroke-width= "18"

stroke-linecap= "round" stroke-linejoin= "round" stroke= "#000000"/>

</g>

<path d="M-250.0 310.0 L -250.0 -190.0 0.0 -310.0 250.0 -190.0 250.0 310.0 Z"

fill= "#00FFFF"/>

<text font-family= "Arial" font-weight= "bold" font-size= "420" stroke= "#FFFFFF"

fill= "#FFFFFF" x= "-130.0" y="150.0">P</text>

</g>

d="M0.0 -500.0 L 0.0 500.0"/>

d="M-275.0 -200.0 L 275.0 -200.0"/>

</g>

... </defs>

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6.4 SVG Example

<path class="SN1409FlaecheAckerland"

d="M 163075.2 162043.4 193983.3 169300.5 196449.4 173480.0

201844.9 171788.3 200268.2 167276.0 196772.8 167241.7 193983.3 169300.5 193983.3 169300.5 163075.2 162043.4 180931.8 156813.0 198895.6 151572.3 205497.2 173730.9 190894.4 178027.0 169761.8 184244.2 161165.2 186773.1 154540.8 164531.3 163075.2 162043.4 "/>

<path class="SN1301FlaecheWohnenallgemein"

d="M 123960.0 147432.9 123875.2 147163.4 122999.8 147406.8

122680.8 146334.3 122686.9 146332.5 122616.2 146075.2 122926.8 145975.6 123002.2 146237.2 123310.1 146144.1 123237.3 145886.1 123471.4 145816.4 123542.1 146074.0 124228.2 145866.6 124631.9 147223.8 123960.0 147432.9 "/>

<path class="SN1301FlaecheWohnenallgemein"

d="M 111499.7 163673.7 111580.0 163524.5 111707.0 163590.7

111631.4 163745.8 111905.0 163895.8 111655.2 164349.4 111873.9 164464.9 111710.9 164754.3 111500.5 164630.4 111191.9 165190.8 110611.5 166280.3 109119.7 165473.0 109718.5 164381.2 110533.8 164829.2 111254.6 163539.4 111499.7 163673.7 "/>

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6.4 SVG Example

<text class="SN4070SchriftSchriftformatN7380" x="101771.7" y="152661.6"

transform="rotate(298, 101771.7, 152661.6)" style="text-anchor:middle">

7</text>

<path class="SN2028LinieFlurstueck"

d="M 97500.0 134345.8 95762.3 131470.5 92887.4 126769.8 90013.4 121943.5 89040.0 120309.0 88213.4 119028.2 87314.6 117817.5 86282.6 116686.2 85167.5 115675.6 83887.6 114900.7 82581.0 114250.4 81131.0 113720.8 79689.9 113374.2 78183.7 113099.9 65450.8 111336.0 61192.8 110781.8 61420.6 109817.6 61513.5 109503.0 78351.9 111810.4 80055.0 112168.3 81678.6 112597.7 83280.9 113148.8 84486.0 113778.0 86267.9 114767.4 88137.0 116437.9 90324.1 120113.6 97702.1 132411.4 98275.1 133309.0 98637.4 133876.7 102813.9 140923.9 102996.0 141231.1 103646.0 142327.2 103810.2 142604.2 104510.2 143777.2 106326.4 146820.5

106914.1 147108.1 105217.3 147925.1 105352.9 147327.1 105247.1 147169.2 105188.5 146773.1 103512.5 144002.9 103400.2 144083.4 102172.1 142076.9 97500.0 134345.8"/>

44/1</text>

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6.4 SVG Example

xlink:href="#SN3020SymbolGrenzpunktmitAbmarkungMarke"/>

...

</svg>

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