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106 GHAPTER

4

SEGOND-ORDER THEORY

OF

EQUILIBRIUM FIGURES

x

'TTteridian of surface

of revolution ---

---

...

x

0

y

r

()

R

2

~---~~---~-y

surjace no1'1'71al Q

I

,

\

\

\ '\ '\

"-...

---

FIGURE 4.7: The normal radius of curvature

"- '\

'\

\

. /

/ / /

\

\

,

I I I / /

order to have :z: = r cos 0, y = r sin 0 as usual for plane polar coordinates). This holds not only for the ellipsoid, but also for an arbitrary surface of revolution; cf. sec. 1.4.

From Fig. 4.7 we read

y

=

r sin 0

=

R2 sin 0' whence

(4-150)

The elementary tri angle at P, shown in a magnified manner next to the main diagram (Fig. 4.7), gives

. 0' d:z:

Sin =---

ds (4-151)

Differentiating :z:

=

r cos 0 we have

d:z: = dr cos () - r sin OdO (4-152)

Furthermore,

(4-153) In both formulas we put

dr = redO (4-154)

by (4-149); in fact, by (4-147), r depends on 0 only, so that here 8r dr

re = 80 = dO (4-155)

~h

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