Energy sums, capacities and costs in the network DE-NO-DZ

Table 10.1.14: Annual costs in the network DE-NO-DZ in M€/a; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Total system costs52835 5649860416 54769 5503952892 52666 5068255282 52118 5112454119 49172 4222411205881924 6437541484 24676 6015653541 56659 6830758321 Total gen. capacity costs55033 5996665939 58867 5944254733 54722 5055457462 55049 5328746779 56340 5012410392579285 6488445695 31194 6319156628 60800 7179965931 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44050 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 13426 1536420010 15280 1595413494 13649 1334713362 14384 132280 17635 1102214706 14413 1406313357 12526 2204415280 15418 2204422044 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 4386 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 104103123 123 123103 104 103112 10462105 103 103103 103 102103 106 123113 123 123123 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 501485275980 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 2481 26822823 2675 26982484 2526 24662477 2095 24722304 2877 28762646 2621 25692467 2391 252426896890 278 Biomass (biogas CHP) 1014 10931248 1106 115610129851034100882810029831093 11041024 1004 10071026 1008 12051061 1493 18021772 Wind onshore3165 3357 4930 12582 15300 02793 4352 4443 3331 6415 2272 4207 4636 4439 1748 2602 3648 2765 3263 4833 9357 6203 8828 Wind offshore16896 16920856156000 19731 16653 1197218844 16434985421467 13361 1028039812 30447 223071113542661763116108991816605 10835 Photovoltaic76509527 257912361300630873951339584 170 219349 438 23372173750480 4254001127 CSP 14252 1639324434 17625 2052014098 13212743112853 14218 1365315205 13574 1250135103 24057 180641080957651002112979 14731 965212922 Residual (gas turbine)2061 19881725 2061 20432016 1943 19842067 2045 18762303 1763 14204185 2895 2379152179210721527 2075 12841465 Storage costs7042 68236701 5994 60017413 7294 83517005 6899 69008023 6397 5941155361142987765448 3150113447928 4514 91654526 Pumped storage 3395 3085 2253 2824 2767 3531 3486 3373 3604 3397 2680 3300 2867 2369 3273 3174 3222 2469 1411 1764 2237 4514 2033 3228 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14350 0 0 0 0 0 21684690 0 0 32817000 5260 Hydrogen3647 37384448 3171 32343883 3808 35423401 3502 42204723 3530 3571100957785 55542979 1739 629949910 66061298 Transmission costs1631 1729 1963 1862 1895 1660 1660 2601 1646 1628 1687 1923 1404 1134 4240 2691 1980 1169 650 148 9471847 148 947

10.1.5.2 Network results of Germany in the network DE-NO-DZ Table 10.1.15: Total annual energy sums in TWh/a, storage capacities in TWh in Germany as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Annual power demand 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 549 1098823 659 439 274 549 549 549 549 549 Annual p. dem. / gen. in %149 159 186 171 181 154 148 178 143 148 166 179 134 119 222 172 155 139 124 93 113 183 92 121 Annual power generation 369 345 296 321 303 356 372 308 383 371 331 307 409 462 494 478 426 316 222 591 485 301 594 454 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 103 118 154 118 123 104 105 103 103 111 102 0 170 170 113 111 108 103 96 169 118 119 168 170 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 17 32 21 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 3 0 0 Biomass (biogas CHP) 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Wind onshore0 0 0 74 123 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 0 0 0 0 40 0 0 13 0 Wind offshore209 169 85 72 0 195 210 149 223 203 172 250 182 157 310 310 261 156 69 310 310 120 310 222 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 30 0 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Import (+) / export (-)204 226 282 246 266 217 201 261 189 201 245 275 161 106 669 396 268 141 60 14 102 249 7.6 102 Storage losses-24-22-29-18 -20 -24-24 -20 -24-23 -27 -33-21 -19 -66-51 -36 -18-7.6-50 -38-0.6-32-7 Surplus0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -6.60 0 -210 Storage capacity in TWh16 17 32 15 17 16 16 16 14 16 25 17 15 14 33 26 21 13 6.4 18 18 0 1.5 0 Pumped storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.1 0 0 0 0.3 0.1 0 0 0 Hydrogen16 17 32 14 17 16 16 15 14 16 25 17 15 14 33 26 21 13 6.4 18 18 0 1.4 0 Annual district heat from CHP265 294 348 292 301 266 268 264 264 280 262 58 367 367 284 280 275 264 251 356 292 256 319 320 Storage input in % of an. Gen. 12 12 18 11 13 13 13 14 12 12 16 20 10 8.2 26 21 16 11 7.2 19 16 1.0 10 3.7

Table 10.1.16: Power gen. and storage conversion capacities in Germany as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in GW; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Peak load 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 87 175 131 105 70 44 87 87 87 87 87 Peak load / total gen. cap.72 77 95 70 67 74 73 82 70 72 80 70 75 78 87 78 73 73 78 57 65 74 51 65 Total generation capacity 122 113 92 126 131 118 119 106 126 122 109 125 117 112 201 168 143 96 56 155 134 117 172 135 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 12 14 19 14 15 12 13 12 12 13 12 0 20 20 14 13 13 12 12 20 14 14 20 20 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14 17 17 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 2.2 2.6 2.8 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.5 2.2 1.9 2.9 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.6 0.4 0.0 0.0 Biomass (biogas CHP) 1.4 1.6 1.9 1.6 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.8 1.5 2.4 2.9 3.0 Wind onshore0 0 0 33 55 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 18 0 0 6 0 Wind offshore49 39 20 17 0 45 49 35 52 47 40 58 42 37 72 72 61 36 16 72 72 28 72 52 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16 0 0 31 0 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)52 51 44 52 52 51 49 51 53 52 48 59 45 36 100 74 61 39 20 19 39 53 18 37 Storage (conversion) capacity18 18 20 16 16 20 21 21 18 18 24 25 17 17 60 41 28 14 7.0 42 30 2.7 29.2 9 Pumped storage 1.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.7 2.1 4.0 5.9 4.8 1.8 5.7 2.9 2.3 3.5 1.7 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.0 4.4 3.2 2.7 5.9 4.8 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 2.8 0 0 0 16.7 4.8 0 5.1 0 Hydrogen17 17 19 14 14 17 17 14 14 16 18 22 15 14 47 36 26 12 5.0 21 22 0 18.2 4.6

Table 10.1.17: Annual costs in Germany as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in M€/a; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 Windo ffsh

cost150 Windo nsh

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Total system costs23361 2419724282 22704 2210522965 23689 2100623529 22815 2141921313 22098 1811240919 34226 2834119368 12624 3783229794 22157 4335031784 Total gen. capacity costs29317 3121232635 30142 2977928760 29477 2657529883 29505 2651517700 32553 2894637735 35635 3260026420 21017 4478135271 31216 4993542417 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44050 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 13426 1536420010 15280 1595413494 13649 1334713362 14384 132280 17635 1102214706 14413 1406313357 12526 2204415280 15418 2204422044 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 779 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 1557 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 104103123 123 123103 104 103112 10462105 103 103103 103 102103 106 123113 123 123123 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 501470595980 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 2203 24052545 2397 24212206 2248 21882200 1864 21952026 2599 25982368 2343 22922189 2114 224724124120 0 Biomass (biogas CHP) 9681046120110571107966 939 988960 790 95693610471058974 956 961979 96211591015142616461686 Wind onshore0 0 0 393465740 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7480 0 0 0 21350 0 6850 Wind offshore8997 87495472 37330 8416 9037 64069624 8760 7420107737848 67811336613366112466713 296013366133665191133669561 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13900 0 27490 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)2061 1988 1725 2061 2043 2016 1943 1984 2067 2045 1876 2303 1763 1420 3913 2895 2379 1521 792 760 1527 2075 706 1465 Storage costs3826 38674578 3310 34034015 4117 36803380 3680 45354983 3538 3299124328451 57412917 1325 7228573724461191702 Pumped storage 178129130 139 170203 347 488402 178 473260 219 303169 196 187195 196 373285 244 488403 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 430 0 0 0 0 0 21684690 0 0 22507000 5260 Hydrogen3647 37384448 3171 32343812 3770 31492978 3502 40614723 3318 2996100957785 55542722 1129 460647520 51041298

10.1.5.3 Network results of Norway in the network DE-NO-DZ Table 10.1.18: Total annual energy sums in TWh/a, storage capacities in TWh in Norway as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Annual power demand 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 112 224 168 134 90 56 112 112 112 112 112 Annual power demand / generation 140 42 67 44 51 36 40 42 36 40 32 33 45 54 32 35 38 42 42 75 61 34 72 57 Annual generation (without n. i.1 in NO) 236 217 119 210 174 260 235 222 261 235 301 295 200 158 661 427 303 168 87 102 136 282 109 148 Annual gen. (inc. n. i.1 in NO) 283 264 166 257 221 308 283 269 309 282 348 342 248 206 709 475 350 216 134 150 184 330 156 195 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 N. i.1 in NO 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 106 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 0 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.5 Biomass (biogas CHP) 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 Wind onshore54 60 70 173 173 0 60 93 49 58 138 49 73 77 54 35 48 66 56 4 72 173 33 118 Wind offshore181 156 47 36 0 259 175 128 211 176 56 245 126 80 606 391 254 101 30 98 63 108 74 29 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Import (+) / export (-)-161-143 -47 -135-100-185-160-146-185-159-227-219-126-86-470-295-205-118-71 -10 -63-206-10-72 Storage losses-11-10-7-10 -10 -11-10 -11 -11-11-8-11-9-8 -14-12-11 -8-6 -15 -8-11-16-9 Surplus0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -0.50 0 -0.90 0 0 -0.40 0 0 -1.5-12-0.3-0.7-19-2.2 Storage capacity in TWh3.2 2.9 2.0 2.4 2.6 3.6 3.0 2.3 3.2 3.2 2.1 2.6 2.4 1.8 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.5 2.2 0.8 1.4 Pumped storage 3.2 2.9 2.0 2.4 2.6 3.6 3.0 2.3 3.2 3.2 2.1 2.6 2.4 1.8 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.0 1.0 1.6 1.5 2.2 0.8 1.4 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Annual district heat from CHP2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 0.6 2.0 Storage input in % of an. Gen. 11 9.7 6.3 11 12 11 10 12 11 11 4.7 9.5 9.9 7.8 7.1 8.1 9.5 8.1 3.2 4 10 9.5 2.9 9.9 1) Natural inflow into pumped hydro power plants in Norway

Table 10.1.19: Power gen. and storage conversion capacities in Norway as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in GW; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Peak load 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 40 30 24 16 10 20 20 20 20 20 Peak load / total gen. cap.32 33 52 26 30 33 31 30 29 31 23 26 35 41 24 29 31 32 35 62 47 22 51 38 Total generation capacity 64 60 39 76 68 61 65 67 69 64 89 77 58 49 171 106 79 50 29 33 43 93 39 53 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.8 0 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0 0.1 Biomass (biogas CHP) 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 Wind onshore21 23 28 68 68 0 23 37 19 23 54 19 29 30 21 14 19 26 22 1 28 68 13 46 Wind offshore43 37 11 8 0 61 41 30 50 41 13 58 30 19 143 92 60 24 7 23 15 26 17 7 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.9 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 8 0 Storage (conversion) capacity30 28 20 26 24 30 30 29 30 30 21 30 26 20 30 30 30 22 12 12 20 30 11 20 Pumped storage 30 28 20 26 24 30 30 29 30 30 21 30 26 20 30 30 30 22 12 12 20 30 11 20 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Table 10.1.20: Annual costs in Norway as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in M€/a; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 Windo ffsh

cost150 Windo nsh

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Total system costs14172 1499610460 13135 1106915193 14082 1332915278 14097 1521316645 11994948333589 22474 169611015753386203831917687 70899868 Total gen. capacity costs10524 11635812610046817911422 10517 1002411614 10449 12563130749016720029353 18817 134247606401548576226129235536 6903 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 36070 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2850 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 616161 61 6161 61 6161 48 6161 61 6161 61 6161 61 6161 610 61 Biomass (biogas CHP) 464747 49 4946 46 4648 38 4647 46 4650 48 4646 46 4646 6715686 Wind onshore2518 3357 4930 8069 8069 02793 4352 2287 2688 6415 2272 3396 3595 2523 1628 2257 3077 2602 174 3377 8069 1553 5483 Wind offshore7899 81713089 18670 113157617 55659220 7674 2434106945513 34982644617081110614422 1306 42652742 4727 32391274 Photovoltaic0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CSP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2730 0 0 0 3120 0 3020 Storage costs3217 2956 2123 2684 2597 3328 3139 2885 3203 3219 2206 3040 2648 2066 3104 2978 3035 2274 1215 1391 1953 4270 1544 2824 Pumped storage 3217 2956 2123 2684 2597 3328 3139 2885 3203 3219 2206 3040 2648 2066 3104 2978 3035 2274 1215 1391 1953 4270 1544 2824 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

10.1.5.4 Network results of Algeria in the network DE-NO-DZ Table 10.1.21: Total annual energy sums in TWh/a, storage capacities in TWh in Algeria as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Annual power demand 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 249 498 373 299 199 124 249 249 249 249 249 Annual p. dem. / gen. in %79 70 48 64 56 82 80 61 90 80 85 75 82 87 65 73 77 83 99 92 82 78 97 84 Annual power generation313 356 516 387 445 304 311 406 276 312 293 332 303 286 762 515 390 239 125 271 304 318 256 295 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2.3 0 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 0.0 1.7 Biomass (biogas CHP) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wind onshore11 0 0 9.9 11 0 0 0 37 11 0 0 14 18 20 2.1 5.9 9.8 2.8 16 25 22 68 57 Wind offshore0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Photovoltaic1.6 11 11 5.5 1.9 5.0 35 268 16 1.1 7.2 12 3.6 4.7 7.4 9.3 5.0 1.5 0.4 50 10 9.0 27 2.7 CSP 299 343 503 370 430 297 275 136 222 298 284 318 284 261 732 502 378 226 120 203 268 285 159 233 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Import (+) / export (-)-64-107-267-138-196-54-62-143-25-63 -42 -83-53 -34-264-141-91 -393 -7-54-69-1-46 Storage losses0 0 0 0 0 -0.4-0.2-9.6-2.60 -1.1 0 -1.1-2.9 0 0 0 -1.4-3.7-15-1.60 -5.50 Surplus0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -4.00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0 Storage capacity in TWh0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.2 1.8 2.0 0 1.2 0 0.9 2.5 0 0 0 1.2 3.7 12.1 0.9 0 0.3 0 Pumped storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.2 0 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 0.4 0.2 1.7 2.0 0 1.2 0 0.9 2.5 0 0 0 1.2 3.7 11.9 0.9 0 0.3 0 Annual district heat from CHP4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 0 4.9 Storage input in % of an. Gen. 0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.1 9 1.7 0 0.7 0 0.7 1.8 0 0 0 1.1 5.4 12 1 0 3.9 0

Table 10.1.22: Power gen. and storage conversion capacities in Algeria as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in GW; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Peak load41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 82 61 49 33 20 41 41 41 41 41 Peak load / total gen. cap.78 72 54 64 57 85 67 24 61 78 83 73 78 79 64 73 77 80 100 63 69 65 49 57 Total generation capacity 52 57 76 63 71 48 61 167 67 52 49 56 53 52 127 84 64 41 20 64 59 62 83 72 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2 Biomass (biogas CHP) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wind onshore5.4 0 0 4.9 5.5 0 0 0 18.1 5.4 0 0 6.8 8.7 9.8 1.0 2.9 4.8 1.4 8.0 12 11 33 28 Wind offshore0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Photovoltaic0.8 5.7 5.9 2.9 1.0 2.6 18 141 8.3 0.6 3.8 6.5 1.9 2.5 3.9 4.9 2.6 0.8 0.2 26.4 5.4 4.7 14.0 1.4 CSP 46 51 70 55 64 45 43 26 40 46 45 49 44 40 113 77 58 35 19 30 41 47 25 42 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7.0 0 Storage (conversion) capacity0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.2 16 1.9 0 0.7 0 1.0 2.6 0 0 0 1.2 2.7 13 1.1 0 5.8 0 Pumped storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5.4 0 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 0.3 0.2 1.8 1.9 0 0.7 0 1.0 2.6 0 0 0 1.2 2.7 7.3 1.1 0 5.8 0

Table 10.1.23: Annual costs in Algeria as a member of the network DE-NO-DZ in M€/a; different parameter variations.

base wind cost120

wind cost150

windof fsh

cost120 windof fsh

cost150 wind ons h

cost120 pvcost80 pvcost50 cspcost120 biocost80 hydroc ost50

geocost12 0

geocost80 geocost50 load200 load150 load120 load80 load50 translim 2500 translim 16000 storcons storcons t.lim2500 storcons

Total system costs15301 1730425674 18930 2186414734 14894 1634716474 15206 1449316161 15080 1462837550 25224 190731196067141612215428 16815 1786816670 Total gen. capacity costs15192 1711925177 18678 2148514551 14728 1395615965 15095 1420916006 14772 1397836837 24833 188601166961621355215131 16660 1632716611 Geothermal power 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal CHP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (old+mod.)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Run-of-river hydro (new) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Reservoir hydro 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Biomass (steam turbine) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11820 Biomass (steam turb., CHP) 217217217 217 217217 217 217217 182 217217 217 217217 217 217217 217 217217 2170 217 Biomass (biogas CHP) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Wind onshore647 0 0 579656 0 0 0 21566430 0 810104111681213465711639541455128739653346 Wind offshore0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Photovoltaic76509527 257912361300630873951339584 170 219349 438 23372172360480 4251252127 CSP 14252 1639324434 17625 2052014098 13212743112853 14218 1365315205 13574 1250135103 24057 180641080957651002112979 14731 965212922 Residual (gas turbine)0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2760 Storage costs0 0 0 0 0 713817864230 1590 2115750 0 0 25861027252380 15020 Pumped storage 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CAES0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13930 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10320 0 0 0 Hydrogen0 0 0 0 0 71383934230 1590 2115750 0 0 25861016932380 15020