Figure 1. Development of greenhouse gases in Germany since 1990, by greenhouse gases... 66 Figure 2. Emissions trends in Germany since 1990, by categories... 70 Figure 3. ѣelative development of greenhouse-gas emissions since 1990, by categories... 71 Figure 4. ѧtructure of the юational ѧystem of Emissions ;юaѧEͿ... 77 Figure 5. єverview of the emissions-reporting process ... 83 Figure 6. ѢѧE – ѣoles, responsibilities and workflow... 94 Figure 7. ontrol and documentation ... 95 Figure 8. Ѡrocedural flow for annual inventory verification using Eѭѧ monitoring data... 98 Figure 9. ѣesponsibilities and data flows for calculation of greenhouse-gas emissions in
the energy sector ... 99 Figure 10. ѣesponsibilities and data flows for calculation of greenhouse-gas emissions in
the area of industrial processes ... 103 Figure 11. ѣesponsibilities and data flows for calculation of greenhouse-gas emissions in
the area of agriculture... 106 Figure 12. Data flows for calculation of greenhouse-gas emissions from the areas of
land-use changes and forestry ;чѱчѱFͿ and KѠ-чѱчѱF... 107 Figure 13. Data flows for calculation of greenhouse-gas emissions from the area of waste
and wastewater... 108 Figure 14. ѣelative development of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide with respect
to 1990 ... 137 Figure 15. ѣelative development of F gases in comparison to their 1995 levels ... 140 Figure 16. Emissions trends for indirect greenhouse gases and ѧє2 ... 143 Figure 17. єverview of greenhouse-gas emissions in ѣF ѧector 1... 145 Figure 18. haracteristics of the Federal Environment !gency's structure of the alance of
Emission auses, with regard to disaggregation of the Energy alance... 148 Figure 19. є2 emissions in Germany – comparison of results of national and international
calculations ;as of юIѣ 2019Ϳ ... 153 Figure 20. є2 emissions in Germany – comparison of relative discrepancies of national and
international calculations ;as of юIѣ 2019Ϳ ... 153 Figure 21. Greenhouse-gas emissions of international air transports departing from
Germany, since 1990 ... 159 Figure 22. Development of GHG emissions from international water-borne navigation since
1990 ̽ ... 162 Figure 23. Development of є2 emissions in category 1/!/1/a ... 165 Figure 24. Development of є2 emissions in category 1/!/1/b... 175 Figure 25. Development of є2 emissions in category 1/!/1/c ... 179 Figure 26. Development of є2 emissions in category 1/!/2/a ... 185 Figure 27. Development of fuel inputs in category 1/!/2/f юon-metallic minerals... 193 Figure 28. Development of fuel inputs in category 1/!/2/g viii єther... 197 Figure 29. Development of GHG emissions from vehicles and mobile construction-sector
machinery, since 1990... 200 Figure 30. Development of GHG emissions in national civil air transports since 1990 ... 204 Figure 31. Development of GHG emissions in road transports, since 1990... 211 Figure 32. Development of greenhouse-gas emissions of railway transports, since 1990 ... 219 Figure 33. Development of GHG emissions from domestic water-borne navigation, since
1990... 223 Figure 34. hange in total emissions of 1/!/4, as a function of temperature... 231
Figure 36. Development of GHG emissions in the various considered sub-sectors since 1990 . 238 Figure 37. Development of fuel consumption within the various considered sub-categories
since 1990 ... 239 Figure 38. Development of є2 emissions in category 1/!/5/a ... 244 Figure 39. Development of GHG emissions of mobile sources in the military sector since
1990... 246 Figure 40. Development of fuel inputs since 1990 ... 247 Figure 41. є2-equivalent emissions in category 1//1... 253 Figure 42. юэѼє emissions in category 1//2/a ... 261 Figure 43. Development of methane emissions in category 1//2/b since 1990 ... 274 Figure 44. єverview of greenhouse-gas emissions in ѣF ѧector 2... 292 Figure 45. є2 emissions from use of reducing agents for primary steel production and
from use of blast furnace gas – trend, and category allocation... 337 Figure 46. ѭotal юэѼє emissions from solvents-based products and applications
;2/D/3/a,d-iͿ... 364 Figure 47. єverview of greenhouse-gas emissions in ѣF ѧector 3... 445 Figure 48. чogical structure behind national methods for calculating emissions from animal
husbandry, illustrated with the example of dairy cows/ ;(Ѡerformance indicator(
stands for the sum of basic and performance-related requirements/Ϳ... 446 Figure 49. oncept and thematic content behind the G!ѧ-Eэ model... 447 Figure 50. ѭime series for GHG emissions and removals ;sum of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2
-eq/ in the чѱчѱF sector since 1990, by sub-categories... 528 Figure 51. ѭime series for GHG emissions and removals ;sum of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2
-eq/ in the чѱчѱF sector since 1990, by pools... 528 Figure 52. ѭime series for GHG emissions and removals ;sum of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2
-eq/ in the чѱчѱF sector since 1990, by greenhouse gases ;GHGͿ... 529 Figure 53. Greenhouse-gas emissions ;total of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2-eq/ as a result of
land use and land-use changes in forests, 1990 – 2018, by sub-categories ... 595 Figure 54. Greenhouse-gas emissions ;total of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2-eq/ as a result of
land use and land-use changes in forests, 1990 – 2018, by pools ... 595 Figure 55. omparison of raw-timber production with the development of forest
phytomass ... 598 Figure 56. ѧoil organic carbon stocks and carbon-stock changes in below-ground and
above-ground phytomass, in forests, for the years 1987/ 1993, 2002, 2008 and 2017 ... 599 Figure 57. omparison of different functions for derivation of below-ground phytomass ... 604 Figure 58. ѣegression between carbon stocks ;0-30cmͿ as shown by ҈E II data and the
҈E I data ;leftͿ, and outliers identified via residuals analysis with studentised residuals ;middleͿ and (high-leverage( points ;rightͿ, illustrated with the example of a dominant soil group ... 613 Figure 59. !reas affected by wildfires between 1990 and 2018 ;pursuant to чE, 2019Ϳ ... 616 Figure 60. GHG emissions from ropland ;total of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2-eq/ as a result
of land use and land-use changes, 1990-2018, by sub-categories ;with
uncertainties shown only for the totalͿ... 633 Figure 61. GHG emissions from ropland ;total of є2, H4 and ю2єͿ kt є2-eq/ as a result
of land use and land-use changes, 1990-2018, by pools ;with uncertainties
shown only for the totalͿ... 633 Figure 62. arbon inputs kt via organic fertilisers and crop residues, in ropland, 1990 –
2015... 637 Figure 63. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from Grassland ;in the strict senseͿ, as a result of land
use and land-use changes, 1990-2018, by sub-categories... 652
Figure 64. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from Grassland ;in the strict senseͿ, as a result of land
use and land-use changes, 1990-2017, by pools... 653 Figure 65. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from ѽoody Grassland, as a result of land use and
land-use changes, 1990-2018, by sub-categories ... 654 Figure 66. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from ѽoody Grasslands, as a result of land use and
land-use changes, 1990-2018, by pools ... 655 Figure 67. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from ѽetlands, as a result of land use and land-use
changes, 1990-2018, by sub-categories ... 666 Figure 68. є2 emissions kt є2-eq/ from ѽetlands, as a result of land use and land-use
changes, 1990-2017, by pools... 666 Figure 69. GHG emissions kt є2-eq/ resulting from land use and land-use changes, from
ѧettlements, 1990 – 2018, by sub-categories ... 677 Figure 70. GHG emissions kt є2-eq/ resulting from land use and land-use changes, from
Germany's ѧettlements, 1990 – 2018, by pools... 677 Figure 71. є trail caused by the peat fire, as it appeared on ѧeptember 18, 2018 ;Eѧ!
ѧentinel-5ѠͿ, fromѧchneising et al/ ;2019Ϳ... 680 Figure 72. юet є2 emissions and removals in HѽѠ ;in kt є2Ϳ ... 688 Figure 73. ѧawn wood and wood materials produced in Germany эm³ ;F!є, 2019Ϳ ... 689 Figure 74. юational wood-harvest statistics, and their calibration with forest-inventory data
on raw-wood losses, ;ѧtatistisches undesamt, Fѧ 3, ѣ 3/3/1Ϳ and hapter
6/4/2/1/1Ϳ ... 689 Figure 75. Development of the domestic feedstock factor fDѠ;iͿ for the raw-material
categories considered ;F!єͿ... 690 Figure 76. єverview of greenhouse-gas emissions in ѣF ѧector 5... 693 Figure 77. hanges in pathways for management of settlement waste, for the period as of
1990, with intermediate years ... 695 Figure 78. ѭrends in household-waste composition between 1990 and 2013 ... 700 Figure 79. ѧubstance-flow scheme for mechanical biological waste treatment ;эѭͿ ... 743 Figure 80. hange in total emissions, throughout all categories, with respect to the 2019
ѧubmission ... 750 Figure 81. ѣecalculation of total emissions of individual greenhouse gases, throughout all
source categories, with respect to the 2019 submission ... 751 Figure 82. !bsolute changes in ѣF sectors and the inventory as a whole, for the year 1990... 753 Figure 83. !bsolute changes in ѣF sectors and the inventory as a whole, for the year 2017... 754 Figure 84. ѧcheme for differentiation between aͿ harvest or forest disturbance that is
followed by reforestation, and bͿ deforestation ... 813 Figure 85. Hard-coal quantities for which emission factors and calorific values measured in
the emissions trading framework are available ... 858 Figure 86. ѣelationship between carbon content and calorific values, for various qualities of
hard coal... 859 Figure 87. ѣelationship between carbon content and net calorific values, illustrated with
the example of crude-lignite quality ... 860 Figure 88. ѣelationship between carbon content and calorific values, for various sewage
sludges... 868 Figure 89. эethods for calculating emission factors ... 880 Figure 90. Ѡercentage discrepancies between annual total activity data under the ѣeference
!pproach and the corresponding total quantities under the ѧectoral !pproach... 920 Figure 91. Ѡercentage discrepancies between the annual carbon dioxide emissions as
calculated with the ѣeference !pproach and as calculated with the ѧectoral
Figure 92. єverview of the overall emissions-reporting process... 936 Figure 93. ontrol and documentation in the framework of the юaѧE and the ѢѧE... 939