An Analytical Reference Service for the Electronic Data Processing Field

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AUERBACH STANDARD EDP REPORTS

Published by .

An Analytical Reference Service for the Electronic Data Processing Field

2 Prepared and Edited by AUERBACH Corporation

Philadelphia, Penna.

I AUERBACH INFO, INC. I

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Prepared and Edited by

AUERBACH

Corporation

Editor ... '" ... John R. Hillegass Associate Editor ... Alan E. Taylor

Assistant Editors ... Fonnie H. Reagan, Jr.

Myra C. Weisgold Consulting Editors ... John A. Gosden

Roger

l.

Sisson Norman Statland Production Manager ... Cecil C. Hamilton Staff ... Lenna W. Holt

Susan J. Lehman Frances G. Maslin Robert O. MacBride George [\Jeborak Sally D. Nester . Director of Customer Relations ... R. G. Scott

President ... Isaac L. Auerbach Director of Information Products Group ... Robert E. Wallace Publisher ... Richard K. Ridall

The information contained herein has been obtained from reliable sources and has been evaluated by technical teams with extensive working experience in computer design, selection and application. The informatioll, however, is not guaranteed.

AcknowledgemE!'nt is made of the inspiration and guidance provided by the Information Systems Branch of Office of Naval Research which has supported data gathering activity by Auerbach Corporation in fields similar to some covered in these reports. The data contained and formats used in STANDARD EPD REPORTS were not prepared under any contract with the U. S. Govern- ment; and they are the exclusi've property of the copyright holders.

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

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philadelphia, pa. 19103 215-locust 7-2930

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COMPUTER SYSTEM REPORTS

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

PRINTED IN U. S. A.

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COMPUTER SYSTEM REPORTS

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

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AUERBACH INFO, INC.

RECOMP II

Autonetics Division North American Aviation, Inc.

PRINTED IN u. s. A.

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RECOMP II

Alitonetics Division North American Aviation, Inc.

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

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A E D P

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^REPORTS

SUMMARY REPORT: RECOMP II

161:011.100 RECOMP II

SUMMARY REPORT

. 1 A V AILABILITY

RECOMP II is a small scientific computer system that was manufactured from 1958 to 1963 by the Autonetics Division of North American Aviation, Inc. Autonetics announced the discontinuance of manufacture of the RECOMP line of computers on April 24, 1963. A total of approximately 120 RECOMP II computers were manufactured.

Autonetics states that a limited number of used RECOMP II systems are currently available for either lease or purchase. Prices for used RECOMP II's will be quoted upon request to prospective customers. Autonetics is continuing to provide maintenance and "limited software support" for installed RECOMP systems .

• 2 HARDWARE

RECOMP II is a fully-transistorized desk-sIze computer designed primarily for low-volume scientific applications. Paper tape is the basic input-output medium, but a card reader/

punch, up to four slow magnetic tape units, and a digital plotter can be added if desired.

Despite the close hardware similari1;y between the RECOMP II and the later RECOMP III (page 162:011. 100), there is no direct program compatibili1;y between the two systems.

RECOMP II's 40-bit word size - unusually long for computers in this class - provides about 12 decimal digits of precision. Each word can contain two instructions or one fixed- point operand. Floating-point numbers are represented by pairs of words.

All internal storage is provided by a single magnetic disc. The disc contains 70 tracks served by fixed read and write heads. Six1;y-four tracks form the 4, 080-word Main Memory, two "recirculating" tracks form a 16-word Fast Memory, and the remaining four tracks are used for special registers. The disc revolves at about 3,500 rpm, so the average access time to Main Memory is about 8. 5 milliseconds. Each 8-word Fast Memory track has two read heads and one write head; maximum Fast Memory access times are 1.1 milliseconds for reading and 2.2 milliseconds for writing. A special instruction permits eight-word data transfers between Main Memory and Fast Memory. No pari1;y checking is performed upon transfers to or from the disc.

The Central Processor operates in the binary mode on either fixed-point or floating-point operands. The instruction structure is one-address, but because the 20-bit instructions are accessed from the disc in pairs, a pseudo one-pIus-one addressing scheme (in which the second instruction of each pair is an unconditional transfer to the next instruction pair) can be used to increase execution speeds by minimizing disc rotational delays.

The instruction repertoire is well-designed for most scientific computations. It includes a full complement of arithmetic operations - i.ncluding square root - in both fixed-point and floating-point modes. There are, however, no facilities for indexing or indirect addressing.

Instructions in typical programs are executed at the rate of about 50 to 200 per second.

Decimal-to-binary conversion for input data is automatic, but binary-to-decimal conversion for output operations requires a special subroutine which is rather slow. Some 40 basic subroutines have been provided to handle a varie1;y of four-, five-, and six-bit input-output codes, but the output operations are awkward.

Simultaneous operations cannot be performed in RECOMP II systems; the Central Processor is interlocked during all input-output operations.

The standard input-output devices are a 400-character-per-second paper tape reader, a 20-character-per-second paper tape punch, and a 10-character-per-second 1;ypewriter, all of which are supplied with the basic RECOMP II system. The basic tape reader and punch use 5-channel tape and the Baudot code, so no parity checking can be performed, although echo checking is used to verify the punching operation. The console typewriter is a modified IBM unit that can be used for both keyboard input and printed output. A convenient desk-top Console Unit provides a digital display of data in selected registers or storage locations.

Other peripheral equipment that can be used with RECOMP II systems includes: a Facitape Console containing a 600-character-per-second paper tape reader and a 150-character-per- second paper tape punch; a Connector unit that permits an IBM 24 or 26 Card Punch to be used for low-speed card input and/or output; a digital X-Y plotter; and up to four low-speed magnetic tape units. Peak data transfer rate for the magnetic tape units is 1,850 characters per second, and Autonetics considers them to be more useful for auxiliary storage than for conventional input-output purposes. The Facitape paper tape units can accommodate tape

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.2 HARDWARE (C ontd.)

with 5, 6, 7, or 8 channels; they provide higher speeds and more flexibility than the basic Autonetics paper tape units •

. 3 SOFTWARE

11/65

A fairly wide range of software facilities is available, a large proportion of which has been prepared by individual RECOMP

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users. An interpretive system, RAFT IV, provides a simple machine-oriented language for limited engineering applications; the structure of the language is quite similar to the type of instructions given to operators of desk calculators, so RAFT IV is well-suited for open-shop operations. SCOP AC is an algebraic compiler language that is closely related to FORTRAN, but SCOPAC lacks FORMAT and library facilities, holds all variables in floating-point form, and cannot handle arrays of more than . two dimensions. Several other compilers and assemblers have been developed for the

RECOMP

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but they are less widely used than RAFT IV and SCOPAC.

The RECOMP II program library contains routines for various engineering and mathematical applications using both fixed-point and floating-point arithmetic.

Despite the various software programming systems available to RECOMP II users, machine-language programming is common because the computer j.s relatively straightforward and easy to program. Autonetics estimates that 80 percent of all user programs are written in machine language. RECOMP II's simplicity and ease of programming make it suitable for use as a training device to teach digital computer principles and programming.

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161:221. 101

STANDARD

ED:!?

REPORTS

RECOMP II PRICE DATA

PRICE DATA: RECOMP II

The rental and purchase prices shown below were those in effect for new RECOMP II equipment while it was in production. Autonetics states that current prices for used RECOMP II equipment will be quoted upon request to prospective customers.

The monthly maintenance charges shown below are those currently in effect; they cover a preventative maintenance program plus all parts and labor necessary to maintain the equipment in good operating condition. As an alternate plan, Autonetics will supply maintenance service on a call-to-call basis for a fixed price per day, plus parts and transportation.

IDENTITY OF UNIT PRICES

CLASS No. Name Monthly Rental Maintenance Monthly Purchase

$ $ $

CENTRAL D4A-AB RECOMP II Standard System 2,495 550 95,000

PROCESSOR D4G-AB RECOMP II Magnetic Tape System 2,795 550 99,850 Either system includes 4,080-

word Main Memory, 16-word Fast Memory, Central Console and Display, Console Typewriter, 400-cps Paper Tape Reader, and 20-cps Paper Tape Punch.

STORAGE Included in basic system, above.

INPUT- AFPC Facitape Console, including 600- 500 100 16,950

OUTPUT cps Paper Tape Reader and

150-cps Paper Tape Punch

D4K Connector for IBM 24 or 26 Card 150 30 4,250 Punch (for card input/output)

M906II Magnetic Tape Unit 625 125 25,000

D4H X-Y Digital Plotter 220 45 5,450

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Consolette (required for above I/O 50 per unit 10 3,800

devices) connected

225 Versatape II (off-line 10-key paper 100 20 2,500 tape preparation unit)

266 Computeriter 100 20 2,600

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AUERBACH INFO, INC.

RECOMP III

Autonetics Division North American Aviation, Inc.

PRINTED IN U. S. A.

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RECOMP" III

Autonetics Division North American Aviation, Inc~

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

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162:011.100

STANDARD

E D P

REPORTS

RECOMP III

SUMMARY REPORT

SUMMARY REPORT: RECOMP III

. 1 A V AILABILITY

RECOMP III is a small scientific computer system that was manufactured from 1961 to 1963 by the Autonetics Division of North American Aviation, Inc. Autonetics announced the discontinuance of manufacture of the RECOMP line of computers on April 24, 1963.

A total of approximately 60 RECOMP III computers were manufactured.

Autonetics states that a limited number of used RECOMP ill systems are currently available for either lease or purchase. Prices for used RECOMP ill's will be quoted upon request to prospective customers. Autonetics is continuing to provide maintenance and

"limited software support" for installed RECOMP systems .

• 2 HARDWARE

RECOMP

m

is a fully-transistorized desk..:size computer designed for low-volume scientific applications. The basic input-output device is a 10-character-per-second Flexo- writer, although faster paper tape input-output equipment is available. Despite the fact that RECOMP

m

was designed as an "economy model" of the earlier RECOMP II (page 161:011.100), there is no direct program compatibility between the two RECOMP systems because of significant differences in their instruction repertoires and data formats.

RECOMP Ill's 40-bit word size - unusually long for computers in this class - provides about 12 decimal digits of precision for fixed-point operands. Floating-point numbers are represented by an 8-bit exponent, a 31-bit fraction, and a sign bit. Each RECOMP

m

word can contain two 20-bit instructions or one fixed-point or floating-point operand (where- as RECOMP II uses two words to hold each floating-point operand).

All internal storage is provided by a single magnetic disc. The disc contains 70 tracks served by fixed read and write heads. Sixty-four tracks form the 4, 080-word Main Memory, two "recirculating" tracks form a 16-word Fast Memory, and the remaining four tracks are used for special registers. The disc revolves at about 3, 500 rpm, so the average access time is about 8.5 milliseconds to Main Memory and 1. 1 milliseconds to Fast Memory. A special instruction permits eight-word data transfers between Main Memory and Fast Memory. No parity checking is performed upon transfers to or from the disc.

The Central Processor operates upon fixed-point binary operands. Floating-point arithmetic is a hardware option; if the optional feature is not installed, its facilities can be simulated (at a considerable reduction in speed) by a standard software package. The instruction structure is one-address, but because the 20-bit instructions are accessed from the disc in pairs, a pseudo one-pIus-one addressing scheme (in which the second instruction of each pair is an unconditional transfer to the next instruction pair) can be used to increase speeds by minimizing disc rotational delays.

The RECOMP II instruction repertoire is well-designed for most scientific computations, although it lacks some of RECOMP II's convenient but costly facilities such as built-in square root and decimal-to-binary conversion. One index register is available, but it can be referenced only by the second instruction of each instruction pair. Instructions in typical programs are executed at the rate of about 50 to 200 per second.

All editing and radix conversion operands must be programmed, and standard subroutines are available to facilitate them. Any code of 5 to 8 bits can be used for input and output operations, but every data character is handled as though it contained eight data bits;

characters are packed five to a 40-bit word.

There are no facilities for simultaneous input-output operations, and only a limited amount of overlapping of Flexowriter and Central Processor operations is possible.

The standard RECOMP

m

input-output device is a Friden Flexowriter, which is an electric typewriter with an integrated paper tape reader and punch. The Flexowriter provides key- 'board or paper tape input and printed or punched output, all at a rated speed of 10 char-

acters per second. Paper tape with 5, 6, 7, or 8 channels can be used. The Flexowriter's low speed and uncertain reliability make the basic RECOMP

m

configuration suitable only for applications whose ratios of input-output to computational volume are very low.

The standard Flexowriter can be augmented by faster Facitape paper tape input-output units. The Facitape reader has a rated speed of 600 characters per second and a maximum effective speed of 285 characters per second when used with a RECOMP III. The Facitape

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.2 HARDWARE (Contd.)

punch, rated at 150 characters per second, achieves a maximum speed of about 90 characters per second in RECOMP III systems. The Facitape reader can be used as an indepen- dent unit, or the reader and punch can be combined in a Facitape Console.

Also available for use with RECOMP III systems are a digital X-Y plotter and a Connector unit that permits an IBM 24 or 26 Card Punch to be used for low-speed (20 columns per second maximum) card input and/or output •

. 3 SOFTWARE

11/65

RECOMP ill is a relatively straightforward, easy-to-program computer. so many user programs are written in machine language. The RECOMP III program library contains an assortment of input-output control routines and mathematical functions to simplify machine-language programming.

An interpretive system called RIP-3000 permits the RECOMP III to be programmed as if it were an even more convenient - but slower - pseudo-computer with built-in floating-point arithmetic, radix conversions, and mathematical functions. RIP-3000 provides a convenient coding language, but the instructions are executed interpretively at a rate of only about 12 instructions per second.

Also available for the RECOMP III are a FORl'RAN II compiler and NUCOM, a numerical control compiler that generates control tapes for a variety of machine tools.

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162:221. 101 RECOMP III PRICE DATA

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PRICE DATA: RECOMP III

The rental and purchase prices shown below were those in effect for new RECOMP III equipment while it was in production. Autonetics states that current prices for used RECOMP III equipment will be quoted upon request to prospective customers.

The monthly maintenance charges shown below are those currently in effect; they cover a preventative maintenance program plus all parts and labor necessary to maintain the equipment in good operating condition. As an alternate plan, Autonetics will supply maintenance service on a call-to-call basis for a fixed price per day, plus parts and transportation.

IDENTITY. OF UNIT PRICES

CLASS Monthly Monthly

Purchase

No. Name Rental Maintenance

$ $ $

CENTRAL RECOMP III Computer, including: 1,495 425.00 65,000

PROCESSOR 4, OSO-word Main Memory,

16-word Fast Memory, Console, and Flexowriter

Floating-Point Arithmetic (optional) 41. 66 STORAGE Included in basic system, above

INPUT- Facitape Paper Tape Reader 125 25.00 4,750

OUTPUT

Facitape Console, including 600-cps 500 100.00 16,950 Paper Tape Reader and 150-cps

Paper Tape Punch

Connector for IBM 24 or 26 Card 75 30.00 2,625 Punch (for card input/output)

X- Y Digital Plotter 195 45.00 4,950

Flexowriter for remote operation 260 50.00 5,650 (inquiry station)

One additional input plug (for op- 25 5.00 750 tional or special devices; 3 max.)

One additional output plug (3 max.) 25 5.00 750

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BURROUGHS B 200 SERIES

Burroughs Corporation

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AUERBACH INFO, INC.

PRINTED IN u.s. A.

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BURROUGHS B 200 SERIES

Burroughs Corporation

AUERBACH INFO, INC.

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CONTENTS

Introduction • . . • . • . . • • • . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . • . . . • . . • . . . Data Structure . • . • . • • . . . • . . • . . . • . . . System Qonfiguration -

Table of Permissible Corifigurations . . . • • • • . • • : .••.

I Typical Card System • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . II 4-Tape Business System . • . . • . . . • • . . . • . • • . • . • III 6- Tape Business System . . . • . . . V 6-Tape Auxiliary Storage System . . . • • . Special Configuration for Unit Records . . . • • • • . . • . • . Special Configuration for Proof-Transit Operations •. ' . . . Internal Storage -

Core Storage . . . • . . • • • . • • . . • • • • • . . • . . • • Disk File System . . . • . . . • . • • . . . • . . • . . . • • • . . Central Processors -

Console -

B 100/200 10-microsecond Central Processor . • . . . B 200/300 6-microsecond Central Processor . . . . • • • . . Processor Console • . . • . . • . . . • . . • • • • • • • • . . Supervisory Printer.' . . • . . . • . . . ' . . . . Input-Output: Plinched Card and Tape -

B 122 Card Reader (200 cards/min) . . . . B 123 Card J;teader (475 cards/min) . . • • • . • • . . • . . . B 124 Card Reader (800 cards/min) . . • . . • • . • . . . '.

B 129 Card J;teader (1,400 curds/min) . • • • • . . . B 303 Card Punch (100 cards/min) . • . . • . . . B 304 Card Punch (300 cards/min) . • . . . • . . . • B 141 Paper Tape Reader . . • . . . B-341 Paper Tape PunCh . . . . Input-Output: Printers-

B 320 Line Printer (475 lines/min) . . . • . . . • . . . B 321 Line Printer (700 lines/min) . . • . • . . . B 325 Line Printer (700 lines/min) . • • . . . . • . . . B 328 Line Printer (1,040 lines/min) . . • . . . • . . . B 329 Line Printer (1,040 lines/min) . • • • • . • . . . • . . . Multiple Tape Listers . . . • . . . . • • . . . . • • . . . • . • • . Input-Output: Magnetic Tape -

B 421 Magnetic Tape Unit (18,000 or 50,000 char/sec) . • . . . • . B 422 Magnetic Tape Unit (24,000 or 66,000 char/sec) . . . • . . . B 423 Magnetic Tape Unit (24,000 char/sec) • • • . . • . . . B 424 Magnetic Tape Unit (66,000 char/sec) . . • • • • . . . • • . . B 425 Magnetic Tape Unit (18,000, 50,000, or 72,000 char/sec) ..

Input-Output: Other-

201 :001.001 Burroughs B 100/200/300 Series Contents

201:011 201:021 201:031. 011 201:031.1 201:031. 2 201:031. 3 201:031.4 201:031. 5 201:031. 6 201:041 201:042 201:051 201:052 201:061 201:061 201:071 201:072 201:072 201:072 201:073 201:073 201:074 201:075 201:081 201:081 201:081 201:082 201:082 201:083 201:091 201:091 201:091 201:091 201:091 B 401 Record Processor . . . • . • • • • • • . • . . • . . . • . • • • • . . • .

MICR Sorter-Readers • . . . • • . • . • • . . . • . • . • . . . • . • . . . ,

201:101 201:102 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:103 201:111 201:121 Data Communications System . • • . . • . . . • • . • . • . . • • • . .

B 248 Data Communications Control Unit . . . . B 450 Disk File and Data Communications Basic Control . • . . . B 481 Teletype Terminal Unit . • • . • . . . • . . . B 483 Typewriter Terminal Unit . • • . . . • . . • . . . B 484 Dial TWX Terminal • . . • • • . . • . . • . . • . . . . • . . . B 486 Central Tei'minal . . . • . • . • • . • • . . • . • • . . . • • . . B 493 Typewriter Inquiry Station . • . . . Simultaneous Operations . • . . . • . . . • . . . • • • • • • . . Instruction List . . . • . . • . . • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . . Coding Forms -

Basic Assembly Language . . . • , . . . • . • . . . • Advanced Assembly Language . • . . . • . . • . . • .

©

1965 AUERBACH Corporation and AUERBACH Info, Inc.

201:131 201:131

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Data Codes -

Internal, Printer, Lister, Sorter-Reader, Disk File • • • . . . • . • Alphameric Card· . • • • • • . . • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • . • . • • • • • Magnetic Tape ••.•.••••••.•••••••.•••.••••••••••••

Record Processor .••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••

Paper Tape •••••••••••••••••..••••••••••.••••.••

Collating Sequence. • • • • • • . • • • • . • • . • • • • • . • . • . • . • • • • • Problem Oriented Facilities •••.••••.•..•••.•••••••••••••

Simulation by B 220 . • • • • • • • • • . • • • . . . • . • • • • . • • • • . • • . Sort Generator I • . • • • • • • • . • . . • . . . . • . . • . . . . Generalized Three-Tape Sort • . • • • • • • . . • . . . . • • . • . • . . . Disk File Sort Generator III • • • • • . • . . . . • . . . . • . . • • • • • • . • Disk File Chained Records Sort . • • • • • . . . • • . . • • . . . • • . . Report Generator I, IA . • • • • • • • • • . • . • • • • . . • • • . • . • • • . . Data Conversion Program .•.••••••.•••..•••••••••••••

Disk File Utility Programs • • • • . . . • • • • . . . • • • . • • • • • • • • • Magnetic Tape Copy

IV

erify. • • • • • . • • • • • . • • • •• • • . • • • • • . Disk File Record Maintenance and Recovery. • . • • • • • • • • . . • • . Demand Deposit Accounting Programs ••••••••••••••••••••

Proof/Transit Programs • • • . • . • • • • • • • • • . • . • . • • • . • • • • • Installment Loan Programs .••••••••••.•••••••••.••••.•

Bond Analysis and Accounting • • • • • • • • • . • • • . • • • . • . . • • • •

·Loan Payment Schedular ••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••

Bank Customer Service Model •••••••••.••.•.••••.••••.

On-Line Teller System • • • • . • • • • • • • . • • • • • • . • . . • • . • • • . Flow Chart Generator. • • . • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • • • . • . • • • • • • . Process Oriented Languages -

Compact COBOL •••••••••••••••••••••.••.••••••••.

B 200/300 Full COBOL . . . . Machine Oriented Languages -

Basic Assembly Language •••••.•••.••••••••••••••••..

Advanced Assembly Language ••••••••••••••.•.••.•...•.

Program Translators -

Basic Assembler ••.••••.••••.••..•••••••••••••••••

Advanced Assembler •••••••..•••.•••••••••••••••••.

Compact COBOL Compiler .••.•..••••.•••••.••.••••••.

SPS Translator . • • • • • • • • • • • . • . • . . • . • . • • • • • • . • • . • • •

Operating Environment - .

General •••••.•• '.' ••••••••••.••••.•..•••••••••••

Multiprocessing • • • • . • • • . . . • • • • • • • • • • • . . • • • • • . • • • • • Tape/Disk Operating System . • • • . • . • . . . • • . . • . . • • . . • • . • System Performance •••••.••••••••••••••.••.•.••••••••.

Worksheet Data •••••.••••••••••..•••••••.•••••••••

Generalized File Processing .•.••••.••••.••••••••••.••

Sorting • . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • . • • . • • . . • • . • • . . • . • Physical Characteristics •••.•••••••.••••••.••••.••••••••

Price Data • • • • • • • • . • • • • • • • • • • . . . • • • • • • • • • • • • . • • •

201:141 201:142 201:143 20:).:144 201:145 201:146 201:151 201:151.12·

201:151.13 201:151.13 201:151.13 201:151.13 201:151.14 201:151.15 201:151.15 201:151.16 201:151.16 201:151..17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:151.17 201:161 201:162 201:171 201:172 201:181 201:182 201:183 201:184 201:191 201:192 201:193 201:201 201:201. 011 201:201.1 201:201. 2 201:211 201:221

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201:011.100

Burroughs B 100/200/300 Series Introduction

INTRODUCTION

.1 SUMMARY

The B 100/200/300 Series designates a group of three similar, small-to-medium-scale, business-oriented computer systems manufactured by Burroughs Corporation. The original entry in the Series was the B 200 line of computer systems, first delivered in October 1962. The B 200 Series provided 4,800 characters of core storage and a memory cycle time of 10 microseconds. Peripheral device flexibility was limited to punched card, line printer, MICR document, magnetic-striped ledger card, and magnetic tape input-output units. Buffered card reading, punching, and line printing were offered as standard features.

Fourteen months later the B 200 Series was significantly improved: memory cycle time was reduced to 6 microseconds; the instruction repertoire was increased from 37 to 49;

4,800 additional charapters of core storage were offered; and paper tape, disk file, and data communications peripheral facilities were added. The upgraded systems were de- signated as "level threes", such as the B 263 and B 283 computer systems, and the original 10-microsecond systems were reduced in price and presented to the market as the economy B 100 Series. Previously-announced peripheral devices, such as the card reader, MICR sorter-reader, and line printer, were offered in new models with lower speeds and prices to meet the needs of the low-priced B 100 Series market.

The next major announcement by Burroughs occurred in May 1964, when the B 370 System for banking applications was released. The B 370 System included a 16-pocket MICR Sorter-Reader and up to 3 high-speed multiple tape listers. The first stirrings of a revamped marketing policy were perceptible when the B 370 central processor was offered with modular control and instruction features; the power and flexibility of the central processor could be tailored in price and rerformance to individual customer requirements.

In February 1965, more peripheral devices were announced - high-speed models such as a 1,400-card-per-minute reader and aI, 040-line-per-minute printer. Concurrently, further design improvements were incorporated into the B 200 "level three" central processor, and the B 300 Series was officially born. Emphasizing modularity, the B 300 Series was publicized to include under one title all possible system configurations, including the archetype B 370 system. The capability to add 9; 600 more characters of core storage, for a Series maximum of 19,200 characters, became possible, and several new and powerful instruction options were unveiled. ' The memory cycle time of 6 microseconds, however, was not further improved in the new processor.

Thus, today's B 100/200/300 Series offers a wide range of peripheral devices that can be connected, with few restrictions, to two basic central processors with cycle times of 10 or 6 microseconds and with core storage capacities of 4,800, 9,600, or 19,200 characters. Monthly rental rates can vary from $2,500 for a B 100 Series card system to $20,000 for a B 300 Series system with extensive random access disk file and data communications capabilities. A wide variety of proven software is available to facilitate the programming of business applications. (The limited core storage and lack of floating- point arithmetic make the B 100/200/300 Series systems unsuitable for most scientific applications. )

In this Introduction, several significant topics are discussed, as listed below. The true scope of the B 100/200/300 Series can be best understood if each area of discussion is read. However, the topics that follow can be read separately if desired.

,1 Summary

.2 Central Processor

• 3 Peripheral Units .4 Software

.5 Compatibility with Competitive Equipment .6 Compatibility within the B 100/200/300 Series

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• 2 CENTRAL PROCESSORS

The B 100/200/300 Series offers two basic central processors, with memory cycle times of 10 and 6 microseconds. All B 100 central processors have the slower cycle time, and all B 300's have the faster time. The B 200 central processor can be ordered with either cycle time. B 100 Series core storage capacity is limited to 4,800 characters, but the capacity of the 6-microsecond B 200/300 processors can be increased to 9,600 or 19,200 characters.

Each B 100/200/300 Series central processor is a character-oriented unit containing core storage facilities, an arithmetic and control unit, two input buffers, one output buffer, and an integrated console. Each instruction has a fixed length of 12 characters and is divided into an operation code, two variant characters, and three 3-character addresses. Operand lengths can vary from 1 to 12 characters and are specified in the individual instructions; no "word marks" are required in the data fields. Instructions in typical routines are executed at the rate of about 1,800 per second in the B 200/300 6-microsecond central processor.

The instruction list includes a full complement of decimal arithmetic and comparison operations as well as automatic editmg facilities. Multiply and divide instructions are standard. There are no index registers and no indirect addressing facilities, but all B 200/300 central processors include an address modification instruction to increment individual operand addresses. Among the instructions recently added to the Series with the advent of the B 300 central processor are Transfer and Translate, Unit Interrogate, Transfer and Branch, Data Compress and Expand, and Binary Card Read and Punch.

All B 100/200/300 Series input-output operations are buffered except those involving magnetic tape, the ledger-card processor, and the disk file. Instruction execution by the central processor is inhibited for the duration of the latter three types of operations, with the exception of magnetic tape rewinding. Card reading and punching, paper tape reading and punching, printing, MICR sorter-reader input, and data communications operations can proceed in parallel with each other and with internal processing.

Computer system designations within the B 100 and B 200 Series are determined by the class of input-output controllers that must be added to the central processor in order to satisfy configuration requirements. For example, punched card configurations without magnetic tape or MICR facilities utilize B 160, B 260, or B 263 systems; MICR/magnetic tape operations demand B 170, B 270, or B 273 systems; and if magnetic tape is desired without MICR capabilities, then a B 180, B 280, or B 283 system is required. The MICR and ledger-card processing Visible Record Computer (VRC) is controlled by a B 250 or B 251 central processor.

The B 300 central processor is a single model designed to function with any available peripheral unit, provided that the appropriate, separately-priced input-output control module is added either at the time of manufacture or in the field .

. 3 PERIPHERAL UNITS

The principal peripheral units available with the B 100/200/300 Series are listed in Table I along with their chief characteristics. A complete list of peripheral devices, indicating model numbers and performance data, is provided in the Price Data section of this report, page 201:221.101. The configuration possibilities for the B 100 Series are limited to one card reader, one card punch, one MICR sorter-reader, one line printer or multiple tape lister, and up tofour magnetic tape units. The! B 250/251 central processors are the only ones capable of controlling the B 401 Ledger Processor.

The B 200 Series 10-microsecond central processor permits the connection of two card readers or one card reader with one sorter-reader, one card punch, two line printers or multiple tape listers, and up to six magnetic tape units. TheB 200 Series 6-microsecond central processor offers the additional capability of controlling one 'paper tape reader and punch, up to 50 Disk File storage modules,and up to 15 data communications terminal units. The still more comprehensive B 300 Series central processor can control all these peripheral devices, plus an additional 6-tape multiple tape lister.

Burroughs card readers offer speeds between 200 and 1,400 cards per minute. The line printers can operate at peak speeds ranging from 475 to 1,040 lines per minute. Top printing speed for the multiple tape listers is 1, 600 numeric lines per minute on each of up to three listing tapes.

(Contd.)

(23)

INTRODUCTION

TABLE I: PRINCIPAL B 100/200/300 SERIES PERIPHERAL UNITS

Peripheral Type Model Name .Characteristics

No.

Punched Card B 122 Card Reader Reads 200 cpm.

Equipment B 123 Card Reader Reads 475 cpm.

B 124 Card Reader Reads 800 cpm.

B 129 Card Reader Reads 1,400 cpm.

B 303 Card Punch Punches 100 cpm.

B 304 Card Punch Punches 300 cpm; has Stacker Select option.

Punched Paper Tape B 141 Paper Tape Reads 5, 6, 7. or 8

Equipment "Reader level tape at 500 or

1. 000 ch~r/sec.

B 341 Paper Tape Punches 5, "S, 7, or

Punch 8 level tape at 100

char/sec.

Printers B 320 Line Printer Prints 475 lpm.

B 321 Line Printer Prints 700 Ipm.

B 329 Line Prinh.~r Prints 1,040 lpm.

B 326 Multiple Tape Prints 1,200 numeric

Lister lpm.

B 332 Multiple Tape Prints 1,"600 nwncric

Lister Ipm.

MICR Equipment B 107 Sorter~Readcr Reads 1,200 documents/

min; sorts to 13 pockets.

B 116 Sorter-Reader Reads 1,560 documentsl min: sorts to 16 pockets.

Magnetic Tape Units B 421 Magnetic Tape Transfers data at IB or

Unit 50KC.

B 422 Magnetic Tape Transfers data at 24 or

Unit 66KC.

B 423 Magnetic Tape Transfers Data at24KC.

Unit

B 424 Magnetic Tape Transfers Data at66KC.

Unit

B 425 Magnetic Tape Transfers data at 18,

Unit 50. or 72KC.

Random Access B 450 Disk File Basic Controls 9.6 to 4BO

Storage Control million characters.

B 475 Disk File 8tor- Stores 9.6 million age Module characters: 20 msec

average access time •

. 3 PERIPHERAL UNITS (Contd. )

The Burroughs magnetic tape units provide a range of transfer rates from 18,000 to 72,000 characters per second and packing densities of 200, 556, and 800 rows per inch.

Data is recorded. on O. 5-inch, 7 -track magnetic tape, providing compatibility with the tape units used. in IBM 1400 and 7000 Series systems. All magnetic tape operations (except rewinding) require the use of the central processor throughout the entire operation, so there is no read/compute. write/compute, or read/write simultaneity.

The Burroughs Disk File System is a modular storage system that combines high on-line storage capacity (up to 480 million characters) with rapid random access (20 milliseconds average). The rapid accessing is made possible by the use of a fixed read-write head serving each data track, which completely eliminates head-positioning delays and provides relatively high reliability. Peak data transfer rate is 100,000 characters per second. Prices· are competitive with those of other currently-available mass storage systems whose averltge access times are 5 to 10 times as high.

An array of data communications devices can be attached to any B 200/300 Series central processor. Up to four such processors can share the same communications network, which can consist of up to fifteen terminal units of varying capacities. The B 481 Tele- type Terminal Unit provides buffered interfacing for up to 399 remote teletype stations, the B 483 Typewriter Terminal Unit can control up to 8 typewriter inquiry stations, and the B 484 Terminal Unit regulates the use of up to 8 stations of the Dial TWX network.

Burroughs has recently alUlOunced another terminal unit, the B 486 Central Terminal, to channel transmissions between. the central processor and up to 96 remote Teller Consoles in its On-Line Banking System. All of the terminal units are buffered. and can Simultaneously accept inquiries from as many remote devices as their individual buffer sizes will accommodate. Buffer sizes are specified at the time of manufacture.

An operating system to control the operations of a data communications network has been announced, with delivery expected in June, 1965.

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.4 SOFTWARE

A wide variety of proven software is available for the B 100/200/300 Series. Most of the existing software is designed to be used with 4,800 characters of central processor core storage. As a result of this severe storage limitation, the's.oftware is characteris- tically simple and straightforward, and makes extensive use of multiple passes and phases.

The most important programs provided include a basic and an advanced symbolic assembler, a Compact COBOL compiler, tape and Disk File sorts, and report generators. A translator program is also provided to convert IBM 1401 SPS source-language programs into Burroughs symbolic assembly-language programs.

Burroughs has announced a full COBOL compiler for B 200/300 Disk File systems, with delivery expected by July, 1965. A Tape/Disk Operating System is anticipated for delivery in June, 1965.

Programs currently supplied by Burroughs include:

• Compact COBOL Compiler: Provides that group of language facilities that comprise the Compact COBOL subset of COBOL-61; designed for use with 4 magnetic tape units and 4,800 characters of core storage.

• Basic Assembler: A straightforward card or tape assembly program that provides one-for-one conversions from source code to machine language.

There are no provisions for use of a program library, and only two macro instructions are permitted. The coding form makes use of coding-form page and line numbers for symbolic references. All elements of every instruction must be specified in every statement.

• Advanced Assembler I: An improved assembly program designed for use' on B 200/300 Series magnetic tape systems. A system library can be utilized to call utility routines, diagnostics, error routines, and other subroutines that the user inserts him selL Seven macro instructions are provided, including tape and disk instructions that call forth and set linkages to their required error routines. Symbolic names and reusable program points can reference both data and instructions. Operand sizes, once described in the Data Division, need not be specified again in individual instructions.

• Sort Generator I: Generates magnetic tape sort programs within five miIiutes.

Sort programs can be generated that utilize from 3 to 6 tape units. The object sort program operates within 4,800 characters of core storage.

• Generalized Three-Tape Sort: A multi-phase sort program modified according to the user's parameter cards; designed for use with 9,600 characters of core storage and three magnetic tape units.

• Disk File Sort Generator III: Generates object sort programs that utilize a Disk File for intermediate storage. Tag sorting is possible, enabling most sorts to be completed significantly sooner than would be the case with record, sorting. Source and result files can be contained on either magnetic tape or Disk File.

• Report Generator I: Generates specially-tailored programs that process input from punched cards, magnetic tape, or Disk File and produc'e, reports on either punched cards or line printer.

• Utility Routines: A variety of programs designed to handle data transcription, diagnostic, and file-maintenance operations using minimal equipment con-

figurations. "

• Demand Deposit Accounting Programs: A series of standard financial programs designed for use with the Visible Record Computer (B 250 or B 251) exclusively.

• Demand Deposit/Proof and Transit Finaricial Application Package: A series of programs written for banks that have '4 magnetic tape units and 4,800 characters of core storage. Complete documentation is included with the package.

(Contd.)

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INTRODUCTION 201:011.401 .4 SOFTWARE (Contd.)

•

Installment Loan Financial Apphcation Package: A group of programs that process MICR loan payments. All master file information is main- tained on magnetic tape. Four tape units and 4,800 characters of core storage are required.

Bond Analysis and Accounting Package: A series of programs that provide bond portfolio management with detailed analyses and evaluations of current and proposed bonds. A B 200/300 Series central processor is required for use of this program, as well as a card reader and line printer.

On-Line Teller System: A thoroughly documented systems approach to on- line banking operations is provided; a complete operating system is not yet available.

Flow Chart Generator: A program that generates detailed logic charts from Basic or Advanced Assembly Language source programs. The pro- grammers' remarks, as punched into the source card, are printed in the symbol generated for each source statement. Three magnetic tapes are required to use the generator, in addition to a B 200/300 6-microsecond central processor with 4, 800 positions of core storage .

. 5 COMPATIBILITY WITH COMPETITIVE EQUIPMENT

Certain hardware options available with the improved B 200 and B 300 central processors provide some degree of input-output compatibility with other commercially-oriented computer systems. Binary card reading and punching are available, as well as the reading and punching of Bull and ICT card codes. Magnetic tapes can be read and written using any 6-bit binary code. Direct compatibility is possible between the Burroughs tape units and the IBM 729 and 7330 tape units.

The B 100/200/300 Series instruction code is not directly compatible with that of any other computer system. Burroughs has developed a program translator to convert IBM 1401 SPS source code into a source code acceptable to Burroughs assemblers., but the SPS Translator is too limited in scope to serve as a really productive tool in most conversion operations. Hardware dissimilarities that could not be circumvented within the 4,800 characters used by the SPS Translator program limit the candidates for effective translation to small and relatively basic IBM 1401 card and tape programs.

Even so, some manual changes will usually be required before the translated program can be assembled and run .

• 6 COMPATIBILITY WITHIN THE B 100/200/300 SERIES

The standard inclusion of many additional instructions in the B 200/300 6-microsecond central processor has made downward compatibility with the slower B 200 and B 100 Series systems almost impossible unless the use of these additional features is deliberately restricted. However, upward compatibility throughout the line is completely feasible. The great majority of the available peripheral devices can be used with any central processor in the Series, although in some cases a special input- output control module is a prerequisite.

(26)

Burroughs B 100/200/300 Series Data Structure

DATA STRUCTURE

. 1 STORAGE LOCATIONS

Name of location Size Purpose or use

Character:

Block:

6 bits + parity bit group of characters

alphamerics.

magnetic tape record.

Input buffers: 80 characters (sorter- reader, 84 char)

store input for cards, paper tape, or sorter-reader.

store output for cards or paper tape.

Output buffer:

Print buffer:

Lister buffer:

.2 DATA FORMATS Type of information

80 characters 120 characters

*

44 characters

Letter:. . . .. . . . . . . . . . Numeral: . . . .. . . . . . Special symbol: . .. . . . . . Operand: . . . • . . . • • . . . • . . . • . . . • . . Instruction: . . . .

Block on tape: ..

Arithmetic operand: . . . . Data for mask: . . . . . . . . Edit mask: . . . . Ledger stripe: . . . . Line of print for Record Processor: . . . . One MICR document: . . . . Internal block for transfer: . . . .

*

132 characters for B 325 and B 329 printers.

store output for printer.

store output for lister.

Representation 1 character.

1 character.

1 to 12 characters, as specified in instruction.

12 char-acters.

any number of characters greater than 6.

1 to 12 characters.

1 to 24 characters.

1 to 80 characters.

160 characters.

84 characters in core storage.

1 to 132 characters.

(27)

201 :031.00;

Burroughs B 100/200/300 Series System Configuration

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

The following table shows the number of peripheral devices of each available type that can be connected to each of the central processor models in the B 100/200/300 Series. The next six pages show the components and prices of Burroughs systems in representative standard

configurations, arranged in accordance with the specifications on page 4:030.120 of the Users' Guide.

TABLE OF PERMISSIBLE CONFIGURATIONS

CENTRAL PROCESSOR MODEL PERIPHERAL UNITS

B 160 B 170 B 180 VRC B 260 B 270 B 280 B 263 B 273 B283 B 300

B 122 Card Reader 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 123 Card Reader 1 1 ,1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 124 Card Reader It It It 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 129 Card Reader 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2

-

B 141 Paper Tape Reader 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2* 2* 2* 2*

B 102 Sorter-Reader 0 It 0 1 0 1 0 1* 1 1* 1*

B 103 Sorter-Reader 0 It 0 0 0 1 0 1* 1 1* 1*

B 104 Sorter-Reader 0 It ₀ 0 0 1 0 1* 1 1* 1*

B 106 Sorter-Reader 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1* 1 1* 1*

B 107 Sorter-Reader 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 i* 1 1* 1*

B 116 Sorter-Reader 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1* 1 1* 1*

Note: Any combination of one sorter-reader and up to two paper tape and punched card readers, to a maximum of two units, can be connected to the two input buffers provided.

B 303 Card Punch 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

B 304 Card Punch 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

B 341 Paper Tape Punch 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1* 1* 1* 1*

Note: Either the B 303, B 304, or B 341 punch unit c an be attached to the one output buffer provided.

B 320 Line Printer 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 321 Line Printer It It It 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 325 Line Printer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2

B 328 Line Printer 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 329 Line Printer 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 2 2

B 322 Multiple Tape Lister 0 It ₀ ₁ ₂ 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 323 Multiple Tape Lister 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 326 Multiple Tape Lister 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

B 332 Master Multiple Tape

Lister 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1

B 333 Slave Multiple Tape

Lister 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2

Note: Printers and Listers, which contain their own buffers. cannot operate on-line in combination with each other.

t Adapter required for use with B 100 Series.

*

Appropriate input-output control module required.

(Table continued overleaf)

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TABLE OF PERMISSmLE CONFIGURATIONS (Contd.)

CENTRAL PROCESSOR MODEL PERIPHERAL UNITS

B 160 B 170 B 180 VRC B260 B 270- B 280 B 421 Magnetic Tape Unit 0 0 0

B 422 Magnetic Tape Unit 0 0 0 B 423 Magnetic Tape Unit 0 4 4 B 424 Magnetic Tape Unit 0 0 0 B 425 Magnetic Tape Unit 0 0 0 Note: B 421 Tape Units

cannot be used in combination with B 422 or B 423 tape units. All other combinations are permissible.

B 401 Ledger Processor

and Printer 0 0 0

B 495 Supervisory Printer 0 0 0 B 450 Basic Disk File/Data

Communication Control 0 0 0

II 247 Disk File Control 0 0 0 B 451 Disk File Expanded 0 0 0

Control

B 471 Disk File Electronics

Unit 0 0 0

B 475 Disk File Storage

Module 0 0 0

B 248 Data Communication

Control 0 0 0

B 481 Teletype Terminal 0 0 0 B 483 Typewriter Terminal 0 0 0 B 484 Dial TWX Terminal 0 0 0 B 486 Central Terminal 0 0 0 Note: All 4 terminal units

contain their own input- output buffers; up to 15 terminal units in any combination can be attached to a B 248 Data Communication Control.

Central Processor Ol2tional Features

Sense Switches 0 0 0

Card Reader Early Release 0 0 0 Printer-Lister Selector

Switch 0 1 0

Card Reader Busy Branch 0 0 0

132-Print Position Capability 0 0 0

t Adapter required for use with B 100 Series.

*

Appropriate input-output control module required.

# Standard feature.

0 0 6 6

0 0 0 0

0 0 6 6

0 0 0 0

1 0 0 0

0 0 0 0

0 0 1 0

0 1 1 1

0 0 0 0

B 263 B 273 B283 B 300

6* 6 6 6*

0 0 0 6*

0 0 0 0

1* 1* 1* 1*

1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2

10 10 10 10

50 50 50 50

4 4 4 4

15 15 15 15

0 0 o· ¹⁵

0 0 0 6

1 1 1 1

i# i# i# 1#

1 1 1 i#

(Contd.)

(29)

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

.1 TYPICAL CARD SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION I

Deviations from Standard Configurations: . . . no index registers.

card reader is 20% slower.

card punch is 33% faster.

Equipment

Core Storage: 9,600 char.

B 263 Central Processor and Console

Card Reader:

800 cards/min.

Card Punch:

300 cards/min.

Line Printer:

1040 lines/min.

TOTAL RENTAL:

Note: A typical card system that uses slower peripheral devices (200-cpm reader, 100-cpm punch, and 475-lpm printer) and the B 100 Series 10-microsecond central processor (with only 4,800 positions of core storage) rents for $2,510 per month.

201:031;100

Rental

$ 550

1,600

400

650 1,325

$4,525

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.2 4-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION II

Deviations from standard Configuration: . • • • • • . . • • . • • magnetic tape is 60% faster.

Equipment

B 283 Central Processor and Console (tape and disk file capabilities are included)

Card Reader:

475 cards/min.

Card Punch:

100 cards/min.

Line Printer:

475 lines/min.

Magnetic Tape Units (4):

24,000 char/sec.

TOTAL RENTAL:

Rental

$ 550

1,785

320 450

810

$5,895 Note: If this same configuration is used with a B 10D Series 10-microsecond central processor

(providing only 4, 800 positions of core storage), the monthly rental is $4,590.

(Contd.)

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\

'"

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

.3 6-TAPE BUSINESS SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION III Deviations from Standard Configuration:

201 :031.300

. . . . no index registers.

console typewriter input is included.

magnetic tape is up to 67% faster.

Equipment

B 283 Central Processor and Console (tape and disc file capabilities are included)

Card Reader:

475 cards/min.

Card Punch:

100 cards/min.

Line Printer:

475 lines/min.

18,000 or 50,000 char/sec.

Supervisory Printer TOTAL RENTAL:

Rental

$ 875 1,785

320

450

810

4,200 400

$8,840 Note: A similar configuration connected to the B 300 Series Central Processor and using high-speed peripheral

devices rents for $10,070 per month. This price includes a 1400-cpm card reader, 300-cpm card punch, 1040-lpm line printer, and six 72 KC magnetic tape units with a recording density of 800 bpi.

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6/65

.4 6-TAPE AUXILIARY STORAGE SYSTEM; CONFIGURATION V

Deviations from Standard Configuration: . . . • . . . magnetic tape is up to 67% faster.

no index registers.

console typewriter input is included.

Equipment

Disk FUe Storage Unit:

9,600,000 char . . Disk File Storage Module:

9,600,000 char.

Disk File Control Unit and Adapter

Core Storage:

19,200 char.

B 283 Central Processor and . Console (tape and disc file

capabUities are included)

Card Reader:

475 cards/min.

Card Punch:

100 cards/min.

Line Printer:

475 lines/min.

18,000 or 50,000 char/sec.

Supervisory Printer TOTAL RENTAL:

Rental

$1,700 990

730 875 1,785

320

450 810

4,200 400

$12,260

(Contd.)

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SYSTEM CONFIGURATION 201 :031.500 .5 SPECIAL CONFIGURATION FOR UNIT RECORD HANDLING

VRC Central Processor and Console

Card Reader: 200 cards/min.

Record Processor

B 102 MICR Sorter-Reader:

1,565 items/min.

TOTAL RENTAL:

©

$4,400 per month (special VRC System package).

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.6 SPECIAL CONFIGURATION FOR PROOF-TRANSIT OPERATIONS Equipment Core Storage:

4,800 char.

(included in price of Processor) B 270 10-microsecond

Central Processor and Console (tape and MICR capabilities included).

Card Reader:

200 cards/min.

Card Punch:

100 cards/min.

Multiple Tape Lister:

1, 565 lines/min.

18,000 or 50,000 char/sec.

B.103 MICR Sorter-Reader without endorser:

1, 565 items/min.

TOTAL RENTAL:

Rental

$ 1,650

220

450

1,600 4,200

2,000

$10,l20.