The Cultural Dimensions of International Trade: The Case of AGADIR Agreement countries

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Munich Personal RePEc Archive

The Cultural Dimensions of International Trade: The Case of AGADIR Agreement countries

Shaker, Saber Adly

2017

Online at https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/81761/

MPRA Paper No. 81761, posted 14 Oct 2017 17:45 UTC

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ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــ

ﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻠ

: ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ

The Cultural Dimensions of International Trade: The Case of AGADIR Agreement

countries

ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــ

ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺩ

ﻦﲪﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﺮﻛﺎﺷ ﱃﺪﻋ ﺮﺑﺎﺻ

Saber_abdelrahman@commerce.helwan.edu.eg

ﻂﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﱪﻋ ًﺎﻀﻳﺃ ﺮﻓﺍﻮﺘﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ

http://www.agadiragreement.org/DetailsPage/Agha dirAr/StudiesDetailsAr.aspx?PID=46

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2

ﺺﺨﻠﻣ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻛ :

– –

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The main aim of this paper is to discuss the cultural dimensions of international trade in case of AGADIR agreement countries. The main finding is that although there is a weak correlation between genetic distance as an indicator of cultural distance and both of total visible exports and cultural goods exports. But Egypt is in the first rank in the degree of correlation. Thus, the paper analyzed the impact of cultural distance on the Egyptian exports of both total visible exports and cultural goods exports with the major trade partners which categorized into income criterion. The main results are: first, genetic distance as an indicator of cultural distance has a negative significant impact in the case of low-income partners. Second, the Egyptian exports increase with Islamic countries.

: Cultural goods – Ginatic distance – AGADIR agreement

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Cross- 

Sectional Data .OLS

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Central Product Classification  ،

CPC 322 CPC

323,324 CPC 389

CPC 3850

CPC 47520 )

. ( The Standard International Trade 

Classification System ،

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UNESCO  ،

Headings Subheadings

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HS .

HS 

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Chapters

http://www.wcoomd.rg .

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) .(

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) (

Concentration

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)

69 (

%

) .(

60 % HS 8528 HS 3926

HS 8523 ) .(

Intra-Industry Trade

Grubel-Lloyd ،

) .(

.4 ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺪﻟ ﺔﻳﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﺺﺋﺎﺼﳋﺍ



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





http://www.agadiragreement.org/Pages/viewpage.aspx?pageID=184

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

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14



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15

Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators database.



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ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺪﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﲢ

16

ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺪﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﲢ.5 ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺪﻟ ﺔﻴﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺴﻟﺍ ﻰﻓ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍ لﻴﻠﲢ

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17



 HS 8528

HS 3926 HS 8523



98772 79445 968406 601554

1748177 347378118

0.50

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18

206699 586910 481922 352902 1628433 346206748

0.47

7832977 22036820 21967323 14073488 65910608 16235512034

0.41

20474909 37545666 74361267 20222503 152604345 16473390841

0.93

1.26 0.36

4.41 4.27

3 -

-

1.01 1.56

0.65 1.75

1 -

-

H.S code 8523

3926 8528

8528 -

H.S 8528

8528 3926

3926 -

8528 -

1670 1784

64315 2170

69939 -

-

23119 29875

971 9674

63639 -

-

148656 385078

1072252 260967

1866953 -

-

523241 602034

505146 306230

1936651 -

-

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19

1.12 0.46

6.00 0.83

- 3.75 -

4.42 4.96

0.19 3.16

3.29

Source: International Trade Center (2017), ITC calculations based on UN COMTRADE statistics.

.6 ﺔﻓﺎﻘﺜﻟﺍ ﻟ ﺩﺪﺤﻤﻛ

ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻠ

،

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Cultural Distance .

.

Genetic distance

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22

) (.

–

Trust

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23

Source: Spolaore E, Wacziarg R (2009), “The diffusion of development”, Quarterly

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24 Journal of Economics, Vol 124.

.7 ﺔﻴﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟﺍ

ﺮﻳﺩﺎﻏﺃ ﺔﻴﻗﺎﻔﺗﺇ ﻝﻭﺪﻟ ﺓﺭﺎﺠﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﺛﺍﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻓﺎﺴﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻗﻼﻌﻟﺍ1.7

Spearman

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Source:

- International Trade Center (2017), ITC calculations

- Spolaore E, Wacziarg R (2009), “The diffusion of development”

25

International Trade Center (2017), ITC calculations ……., Opcit. .

Spolaore E, Wacziarg R (2009), “The diffusion of development”….., Opcit.

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ﺔﻴﺑذﺎﳉﺍ جذﻮﳕ ﻦﻋ ﺓذﺒن

Gravity Model Newton

Carey 1865

Ravenstein 1885

.

Tinbergen Poyhonenو

2.7 ﺔﻴﺑذﺎﳉﺍ جذﻮﳕ ﻦﻋ ﺓذﺒن

Model

Carey

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) .(

ماع

OECD

Seafood .

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جذﻮﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﻒﻴﺻﻮﺗ 3.7 ﻭ

ﺕﺎنﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﻟﺍﻭ

TEXP CUEXP

Cross-

Sectional Data

.OLS

، ،

.

، ،

،

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32

GINATIC

Spolaore E,

Wacziarg R (2009),

“The diffusion of development”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol 124.

RELEGION

GEODIST

www.mapcrow.info

GDP World

development indicators database, World

Bank

Log_TEXP = α + β1 GINATIC + β2 RELEGION + β3LOG_GEODIST + β4 LOG_GDP + ε

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33

Log_CUEXP = α + β₁ GINATIC + β₂ RELEGION + β₃LOG_GEODIST + β₄ LOG_GDP + ε



ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘن4.7

e-views .



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

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

Autocorrelation 1 Durbin–Watson

Breusch – Godfrey

correlation LM

Heteroscedasticity 2

Breusch-Pagan-Godfrey Harvey و

5

Homoscedasticity Multicollinearity 3

cumulative sum control 4

chart CUSUM

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36

GINATIC -3.92

) - 0.7 ( - 10.2

) -0.98 ( - 7.49

) - 1.48 ( 0.6

) 0.07 ( 12.07

) 2.6 ( 11.18

) 2 (

RELEGION 1.68

) 3.23 ( 3.29

) 3.35 ( 0.97

) 1.38 ( 2.12

) 1.8 ( 0.36

) 0.64 ( 1.65

) 2.44 (

LOG_GEODIST -1.41

) - 4.74 ( -1.33

) -2.38 ( - 1.04

) - 3.1 ( - 1.55

) - 2.76 ( - 2.17

) - 4.19 ( - 2.15

) - 3.46 (

LOG_GDP 0.88)

8.59 ( 0.67

) 3.49 ( 0.93

) 6.85 ( 0.57

) 2.52 ( 1.02

) 5.81 ( 1.11

) 5.26 (

R² 0.80

0.57 0.76

0.54

0.49

0.48

Adj- R² 0.79

0.53 0.72

0.47

0.45

0.44

Durbin Watson 2.09

1.97 2.28

1.79

1.82

1.66

t

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ﻖﺤﻠﳌﺍ

قسنملا ماظنلل ًاقفو ةيفاقثلا علسلا ةمئاق HS

3701 8527

3702 8528

3703 9006

3704 9007

3705 9008

3706 9010

3926 9201

4901 9202

4902 9203

4903 9204

4904 9205

4905 9206

4906 9207

4909 9208

4910 9209

4911 9504

6913 9601

8306 9701

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8519 8520 8521 8523 8524

ﻰﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘن

43

9702 9703 9704 9705 9706

ﻰﺋﺎﺼﺣﻹﺍ لﻴﻠﺤﺘﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘن

(45)

44

(46)

45

(47)

ﺓﺭﺪﻘﳌﺍ جذﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺇ ﺭﺎﺒﺘخﺇ SUSUM

46

ﺓﺭﺪﻘﳌﺍ جذﺎﻤﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻘﺘﺳﺇ ﺭﺎﺒﺘخﺇ

ةيلامجﻹا تارداصلل ةبسنلاب

ةلاح ءاكرشلا لخدلا ةضفخنم

ةلاح ءاكرشلا لخدلا ةطسوتم

1 . ةيلامجﻹا تارداصلل ةبسنلاب

1.1 ةلاح

2.1 ةلاح

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47

ةلاح ءاكرشلا لخدلا ةعفترم

ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

3.1 ةلاح

2 . ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1.2 ةلاح

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48

2.2 ةلاح

3.2 ةلاح

(50)

أﻄﳋﺍ ﺪﺣ ﻦﻳﺎﺒﺗ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻡﺩ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

49

أﻄﳋﺍ ﺪﺣ ﻦﻳﺎﺒﺗ ﺕﺎﺒﺛ ﻡﺩ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1 . ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1.1 ةلاح

2.1 ةلاح

(51)

50

3.1 ةلاح

2 . ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1.2 ةلاح

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51

ةلاح ءاكرشلا لخدلا ىعفترم

2.2 ةلاح

3.2 ةلاح

(53)

ﻰﺗﺍذﻟﺍ طﺎﺒﺗﺭﻹﺍ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

52

ﻰﺗﺍذﻟﺍ طﺎﺒﺗﺭﻹﺍ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1 . ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

1.1 ةلاح

2.1 ةلاح

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ةلاح ءاكرشلا لخدلا ىعفترم

3.1 ةلاح

2 - ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلاب

(55)

2.2 ةلاح

54

ءاكرشلا لخدلا ةطسوتم

1.2 ةلاح

ءاكرشلا

(56)

55

3.2 ةلاح

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ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ طﺎﺒﺗﺭﻹﺍ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

56

ﺩﺪﻌﺘﳌﺍ طﺎﺒﺗﺭﻹﺍ ﺔﻠكشﻣ ﻦﻋ ﻒشكﻟﺍ

ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلا

ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلا

1 . ةيلامجﻹا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلا

1.1 ةلاح

2.1 ةلاح

3.1 ةلاح

2 . ةيفاقثلا علسلا تارداصل ةبسنلا

1.2 ةلاح

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2.2 ةلاح

3.2 ةلاح