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Globales NH

3

-Budget (Tg N p.a.; Warneck 1988)

Söderlund &

Swensson (1976)

Dawson (1977)

Böttger et al.

(1978)

Stedmann

& Shetter (1983)

Crutzen (1983)

Gegenwärtige Schätzungen (1988) Quellen

Kohleverbrennung 4 - 12 0,03 < 2 ≤ 2

KFZ 0,2 – 0,3 0,2

Biomaseverbrennung 60 2 – 8

Zuchttiere 20 – 35

1)

20 - 30 23 20 22

Wildtiere 2 - 6 3 4

Menschl.Exkremente

1)

1,5 3

Bodenemissionen 38 1 (51) 15

Düngungsverluste 1,2 – 2,4 3,5 3 3

Summe Quellen 26 - 53 22 - 34 83 54

Senken

Nasse Deposition auf Kontinenten

20 - 80 35 15 ± 7

2)

50 30

Nasse Deposition über den Meeren

8 – 26 6 ± 6 10 8

Trockene Deposition (Land)

69 – 151 14 10

Reaktion mit OH 3 – 8 3 9 1

Summe Senken 100 - 265 24 ± 13 83 49

1) Menschliche Exkremente bei den Zuchttieren inkludiert 2) Trockene und nasse Deposition

Böttger A., Ehhalt D.H., Gravenhorst G. (1978): Atmosphärische Kreisläufe von Stickstoffoxiden und Ammoniak.

Ber. Kernforschungsanlage Jülich, Nr. 1558.

Crutzen P.J. (1983): Atmospheric interactions. (B. Bolin & R.B. Cook, eds.), SCOPE 21, 67-114.

Dawson G.A. (1980): Nitrogen fixation by lightning. J. Atmos. Sci. 37, 174-178.

Söderlund & Swensson (1976): The global nitrogen cycle. In: “Nitrogen, Phosphorous and sulfur global cycles”

(B.H. Svensson & R. Söderlund, eds.), SCOPE Rep. 7, Ecol. Bull (Stockholm) 22, 23-73.

Stedmann D.H., Shetter R.E. (1983): The global budget of atmospheric nitrogen species.

“Trace atmospheric constituents, properties, transformation and fates” (S.E. Schwartz, ed.), pp. 411-454, Wiley, New York.

Warneck P. (1988): Chemistry of the natural atmosphere. Int. Geophys. Series Vol. 41. Academic Press New York, London, Tokyo.

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