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(5) One of the disclosed methodologies was used in the synthesis of biologically relevant molecules

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Abstract

The synthesis of chiral phosphin-phosphite ligands and their application in copper- and rhodium-catalyzed reactions is described. (1) Following an established modular synthetic scheme to enlarge an existing ligand library, new chiral phosphine-phosphite ligands have been synthesized. The main focus was placed on compounds with structurally modified Taddol-derivatives. (2) A screening of the ligand library identified some ligands to be particularly active in the copper-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition of Grignard reagents to cyclohexenone (up to 92% ee). The use of 2-Me-THF as solvent led in most of the cases to a significant enhancement in enantioselectivity. Using this methodology, the transfer of aryl- and alkenyl magnesium reagents in high enantioselectivities was possible for the first time.

(3) By using the ligands in the rhodium-catalyzed asymmetric hydroformylation and hydrogenation it was possible to enlarge the scope of application of this ligand class. In both cases good enantioselectivities were obtained. (4) NMR-spectroscopic and X-ray diffractometric measurements were used in order to gather more information about the structural properties of the ligands and corresponding metal complexes. (5) One of the disclosed methodologies was used in the synthesis of biologically relevant molecules. Close ptilocaulin analogs have been synthesized in a few steps by using the copper-catalyzed asymmetric 1,4-addition as the stereogenic key-reaction.

Kurzzusammenfassung

Die Synthese und Anwendung chiraler Phosphin-Phosphit-Liganden in Kupfer- und Rhodium-katalysierten Reaktionen wird beschrieben. (1) Strukturell variierte Phosphin- Phosphit-Liganden wurden nach einem etablierten Syntheseschema zur Erweiterung einer bestehenden Ligandenbibliothek dieses Typs synthetisiert. Der Schwerpunkt wurde auf Liganden mit modifizierten Taddol-Einheiten gelegt. (2) Systematische Untersuchungsreihen der Ligandenbibliothek zeigten, dass einige dieser Liganden in der Lage sind hohe Enantioselektivitäten (bis 92% ee) in der Kupfer-katalysierten asymmetrischen 1,4-Addition von Grignard-Reagenzien an Cyclohexenon zu induzieren. Die Verwendung von 2-Me-THF als Lösemittel führte in fast allen Fällen zu einer signifikanten Steigerung der Enantioselektivität. Mit dieser Methodik ist es zum ersten Mal möglich Aryl- und Alkenylmagnesium-Reagenzien in hohen Enantioselektivitäten zu übertragen. (3) Durch die Verwendung der Liganden in Rhodium-katalysierten asymmetrischen Hydroformylierungen und Hydrierungen konnte der Anwendungsbereich der chiralen Ligandenklasse erweitert werden. In beiden Fällen konnten gute Enantioselektivitäten erhalten werden. (4) NMR- Spektroskopische und röntgendiffraktometrische Untersuchungen wurden durchgeführt, um genauere Informationen über die strukturelle Beschaffenheit der Liganden und korrespondierenden Metall-Komplexe zu erhalten. (5) Eine der zuvor erarbeiteten Methodiken wurde in der Synthese biologisch relevanter Moleküle verwendet. Enge Ptilocaulin-Analoga wurden über eine Kupfer-katalysierte asymmetrische 1,4-Addition als stereogenen Schlüsselschritt in wenigen Stufen synthetisiert.

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