Guinea-Bissau (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. We assumed the same age distribution in 2010 as in 2000.

Labor force figures for 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 come from WDR (various years). For 1950 and 1960 we followed the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, and WDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 77% for 1950-2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 61% for 1950-1970, 55.5% for 1980, 56% for 1990, 54.5% for 2000, 58.75% for 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that from WDR and WDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1970-2010 is 1.000. The 1970 and 1980 ratios are .999 and 1.001, respectively.

Real output come from Maddison, except for 2010. For 2010 we used the 2008 Maddison value and applied the real PPP per capita income growth rate from WDR 2011 and WDR 2012. The 1960-2010 investment rates are the intraperiod average investment rate taken from S & H online andWDR (various years). TheWDI provides sectoral output shares for 1970-2010. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate growth rates of Sub-Saharan African countries to produce sectoral output shares for 1950 and 1960. We applied the US 1950 capital - sectoral output ratio to produce our 1950 capital value. We used perpetual inventory for 1960-2010.

For 1950 we used the 1954 UN Statistical Yearbook for all enrollment rates. For higher education enrollment rate in 1950 we assumed 0, the same value as 1960-1990. Enrollment rates for primary and secondary schools for 1960-2000 come from WDR (various years). We assumed the primary school and secondary school ages are 6-11 and 12-16. The tertiary school enrollments are fromWDR (various years).

Our 2010 enrollment rates for all three categories are fromHDR.

8.22 Kenya (1950-2010)

Population for 1950 and 1990 come from Maddison. Populations for 1962, 1969 and 1979 come from Maa Table A2 p. 15. Population for 2000 comes from Population Pyramid, https://populationpyramid.net/

kenya/2000/, accessed July 24, 2016. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1962, 1969, 1979 and 1990 come from Maa Table A2 p. 15. The age distribution in 1950 and 2000 come from KF. Age distribution for Kenya 2010 comes from theDemographic Yearbook.

For 2010 we adjusted the 2009 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in 2009.

Labor force figures for 1962, 1969 and 1979 come fromWDI (various years). The labor force figures for 1990, 2000 and 2010 come from WDR. For 1950 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra to compute the 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 104.6% for 1950-1962, 103.3% for 1969, 101.7% for 1980, 75.2% for 1990, 71.45% in 2000, 73.55% for 2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 104.6%

for 1950-1962, 103.3% for 1969, 101.7% for 1980, 50% for 1990, 2000, 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that from WDR andWDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1960-2010 is 1.000. The 1960 and 1970 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. The range of the ratios is 1.000 to 1.000.

Real output come from Maddison. Physical capital investment rates come from the intraperiod average gross real capital formation and real income for 1964-1988 from Maa Table J1, p. 1015 and for 1994-1998 from WDR (various years). For the 1962 observation we used the average gross capital formation and income for 1957-1961 from Maa Table J1 p. 1015. For 2010 we used the average investment rate for

2000-2009 from S & H. Mitchell provides sectoral output shares for 1950-2000. We used Nehru and Dhareshwar (1993) for capital values 1950-1990. We used perpetual inventory for years 2000 and 2010.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools from 1935-1993 come from Maa Table I1 pp. 969 and 975. To calculate enrollment rates, we assumed 6-11 are primary school age and 12-17 are secondary school age. Higher education enrollments for 1960-1992 come from Maa Table I2 p. 998. For 2010 we usedHDR for all enrollment rates. We interpolated for our 2000 values. Our years of schooling in the labor force time series for 1950-2010 is: 1.20 (1950), 1.76 (1960), 3.88 (1970), 5.77 (1980), 8.11 (1990), 8.41 (2000) and 8.41 (2010). The Morrisson & Murtin time series of years of schooling is: 1.19 (1950), 1.87 (1960), 2.82 (1970), 4.01 (1980), 5.25 (1990), 6.08 (2000) and 6.46 (2010).

8.23 Lesotho (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 come from KF. Age distribution for Lesotho 2000 and 2010 come from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2000 we adjusted the 2001 age distribution, and for 2010 we adjusted the 2006 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in the reference year.

Labor force figures for 1990 come from HDR. Labor force figures for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 2000 and 2010 come fromWDR (various years).

Real output come from Maddison, except for 2010. For 2010 we used the 2008 Maddison value and applied the real PPP per capita income growth rate from WDR 2011 and WDR 2012. The 1970-2010 investment rates are the intraperiod average investment rate taken from S & H online andWDR (various years). TheWDI provides sectoral output shares for 1960-2010. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate growth rates of Sub-Saharan African countries to construct our 1950 sectoral shares. We applied the US 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios to produce our 1950 and 1960 capital values. We used perpetual inventory for 1970-2010.

For all enrollment rates in 1950, we used the 1954UN Statistical Yearbook. Enrollment rates in primary and secondary schools for 1960-2000 come fromWDR(various years). We assumed the primary school and secondary school ages are 6-12 and 13-17. The tertiary school enrollments are fromWDR (various years).

Our 2010 enrollment rates come fromHDR.

8.24 Liberia (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. Age distribution for Liberia 2010 comes from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2010 we adjusted the 2008 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in 2008.

Labor force figures for 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 comeWDI. For 1950 we used Banks for urban-rural population shares for 1960, 1960. We used WDR and WDI for urban shares for 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010. We assumed an 85% labor force participation rate for 15-64 for both urban and rural workers in years 1950-1980. For 1990-2010 we assumed a common 61.25% labor force participation rate.

We computed the ratio of this labor force with that from WDR andWDI. The root mean ratio is 1.010.

The 1960 and 1970 ratios are .991 and 1.030, respectively. The 2010 labor force data come from theWDR.

Real GNP come from Maddison, except for 2010. For 2010 we used the 2008 Maddison value and applied the real PPP per capita income growth rate fromWDR 2011 andWDR 2012. Physical capital investment rates come from the intraperiod average real gross physical capital and real income for 1965-1989 come from Maa Table J1 1016 and for 1994-1998 from WDR (various years). For 2010 we used the average investment rate for 2000-2009 from S & H. TheWDI provides sectoral output shares for 1980, 1989, which we used for 1990, and 2010. We interpolated between these for 2000. The 1973UN Statistical Yearbook provides sectoral output shares for 1970. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate output growth rates to produce our 1960 and 1950 sectoral output shares. We used the 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios of the US to produce our 1950 and 1960 capital estimates. We used perpetual inventory for 1970-2010.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools from 1950-1986 come from Maa Table I1 p. 975. To calculate enrollment rates, we assumed 6-11 are primary school age and 12-17 are secondary school age.

Higher education enrollments for 1973-1993 come from Maa Table I2 p. 998. Prior to 1973 we assume an enrollment rates of 0 for higher education. For 1990 and 2000 higher education enrollment rates we used WDR various years. For 2010 we usedHDR for all enrollment rates.

8.25 Madagascar (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. We assumed the same age distribution in 2010 as in 2000.

Labor force figures for 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from WDI (various years). For 2000 and 2010 we usedWDR. For 1950 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, and WDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 95% for 1950-2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 83% for 1950-1960, 92%

for 1970, 88.5% for 1980, 52.75% for 1990, 67.2% for 2000, 77.9% for 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that from WDR andWDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1960-2010 is 1.000. The 1980 and 1990 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively.

Real output come from Maddison. The 1961-1990 investment rates are the intraperiod average invest-ment rate taken from WDI, and the 2000, 2010 investinvest-ment rates are the intraperiod average investinvest-ment rates taken from S & H online. TheWDI provides sectoral output shares for 1970-2010. We used Sabil-lon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate growth rates to produce sectoral output shares for 1950 and 1960. We used US 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios to produce our capital estimates for 1950 and 1960. We used perpetual inventory for years 1970-2010.

Enrollment rates for primary and secondary schools for 1950-2000 come from Maa Table I1 p. 976. We assumed the primary school and secondary school ages are 6-10 and 11-17. The tertiary school enrollments are from Maa Table I2 p. 998. For 2010 we usedHDR for all enrollment rates. Our time series for years of schooling in the labor force for 1950-2010 is: 1.11 (1950), 1.62 (1960), 2.04 (1970), 3.20 (1980), 4.42 (1990), 4.95 (2000) and 5.24 (2010). The Morrisson & Murtin time series for years of schooling is: .96 (1950), 1.43 (1960), 1.55 (1970), 2.12 (1980), 3.04 (1990), 3.74 (2000) and 4.13 (2010).

8.26 Malawi (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 come from KF. Age distribution for Malawi 2000 and 2010 come from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2000 we adjusted the 1998 age distribution, and for 2010 we adjusted the 2008 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in the reference year.

Labor force figures for 1990 come from Maa Table B1 p. 92. The 1980, 2000, 2010 labor force figures come fromWDR. For 1950, 1960 and 1970 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra to compute the 1950 urbanization rates, and WDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 98.4% for 1950-1980, 104.7% for 1990, 86.45% for 2000, 94.17% for 2010.

We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 98.4% for 1950-1980, 104.7% for 1990, 86.45% for 2000, 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that fromWDR andWDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1980-2010 is 1.000. The 1980 and 1990 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively.

The range of the ratios is 1.000 to 1.001.

Real output come from Maddison. Physical capital investment rates come from the intraperiod average real gross physical capital and real income for 1955-1998 from Maa Table J1 p. 1017 and WDR (various years). For 2010 we used the average investment rate for 2000-2009 from S & H. Mitchell provides sectoral output shares for 1950-2000. We used US 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios to produce our capital estimates for 1950 and 1960. We used Nehru and Dhareshwar (1993) for capital stocks in 1970, 1980 and 1990. We used perpetual inventory for years 2000 and 2010.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools from 1945-1993 come from Maa Table I1 pp. 969 and 976. To calculate enrollment rates, we assumed 6-13 are primary school age and 14-17 are secondary school age. Higher education enrollments for 1966-1990 come from Maa Table I2 p. 998. Prior to 1966 we assume an enrollment rates of .0001 and .0005 for higher education for 1950 and 1960, respectively. For 2010 we usedHDR for primary and secondary enrollment rates. We assumed 0 for higher education enrollment rate in 2010. Our time series of years of schooling in the labor force for 1950-2010 is: 1.47 (1950), 2.54 (1960), 2.91 (1970), 2.99 (1980), 4.27 (1990), 5.08 (2000) and 6.62 (2010). The Morrisson & Murtin time series of years of schooling is: .40 (1950), .89 (1960), 1.14 (1970), 2.13 (1980), 3.07 (1990), 4.01 (2000) and 4.77 (2010).

8.27 Mali (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. Age distribution for Mali 2010 come from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2010 we adjusted the 2009 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in the reference year.

Labor force figures for 1990 come from WDI. For 2000 and 2010 we usedWDR. For 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 70% for 1950-2000, and 73% for 2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 52.1% for 1950-1990,

55.7% for 2000, 67.25% for 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that fromWDRandWDI.

The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1990-2010 is 1.000. The 1990 and 2000 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. The range of the ratios is 1.000 to 1.000.

Real output come from Maddison. The 1970-2000 investment rates are the intraperiod average invest-ment rate taken fromWDI. The 2010 investment rate is the average investment rate for 2000-2009 from S & H. TheWDI provides sectoral output shares for 1970-2010. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate growth rates to produce sectoral output shares for 1950 and 1960.

We used US 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios to construct 1950 and 1960 capital values. We used perpetual inventory for 1970-2010.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools for 1950-2000 come from Maa Table I1 p. 976. We assumed the primary school and secondary school ages are 6-11 and 12-17. The tertiary school enrollments are from Maa Table I2 p. 999. We used HDR for all 2010 enrollment rates. Our time series of years of schooling in the labor force for 1950-2010 is: .14 (1950), .26 (1960), .54 (1970), 1.50 (1980), 1.86 (1990), 1.71 (2000), 4.41 (2010). The Morrisson & Murtin time series of years of schooling is: .15 (1950), .22 (1960), .31 (1970), .71 (1980), .96 (1990), 1.18 (2000) and 1.51 (2010).

8.28 Mauritania (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Pop-ulation Pyramid, https://popPop-ulationpyramid.net/mauritania/2000/, accessed July 24, 2016. PopPop-ulation for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. Age distribution for Mauritania 2010 comes from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2010 we adjusted the 2013 age distribution.

We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in 2013.

Labor force figures for 1990 come from WDI. For 2000 and 2010 we usedWDR. For 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 52.25% for 1950-1990, 60% for 2000 and 78.6% for 2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 50% for 1950-1990, 51.5% for 2000, 60% for 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that from WDR and WDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1990-2010 is 1.000. The 1990 and 2000 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. The range of the ratios is .999 to 1.000.

Real output come from Maddison, except for 2010. For 2010 we used the 2008 Maddison value and applied the real PPP per capita income growth rates from WDR 2011 and WDR 2012. The 1970-2000 investment rates are the intraperiod average investment rate taken from S & H online andWDR (various years). The 2010 investment rate is the average investment rate for 2000-2009 from S & H. The WDI provides sectoral output shares for 1960-2010. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufac-turing and aggregate growth rates to construct sectoral output shares for 1950. We used US 1950 and 1960 capital - sectoral output ratios to produce our 1950 and 1960 capital values. We used perpetual inventory to produce our 1970-2010 values.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools for 1950-2000 come from Maa Table I1 p. 976. We assumed the primary school and secondary school ages are 6-11 and 12-17. The tertiary school enrollments are from Maa Table I2 p. 999. For all enrollment rates in 2010 we usedHDR.

8.29 Mauritius (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 come from KF. Age distribution for Mauritius 2000 and 2010 come from theDemographic Yearbook. For 2000 we adjusted the 2002 age distribution, and for 2010 we adjusted the 2011 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in the reference year.

Labor force figures for 1960, 1970 and 1990 come from Maa Table B1 p. 92. Labor force figures for Mauritius for 1980 are interpolated from 1970 and 1990 values. The labor force for 2000 comes from the average labor force participation rate of 1980 and 1990. For 2010 labor force we used WDR. For 1950 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, and WDI for 1960-2010.

We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 57.79% for 1950-1960, 47.85% for 1970, 51% for 1980, 71.15% for 1990, 67.8% for 2000, 75.6% for 2010. We assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 50% for all years except 1970, where we used 47.85%. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that fromWDR. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1960-2010 is 1.000. The 1960 and 1970 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. The range of the ratios is 1.000 to 1.001.

Real output come from Maddison, except for 2010. For 2010 we used the 2008 Maddison value and applied the real PPP per capita income growth rates from WDR 2011 and WDR 2012. For 1960-2010 we used the average investment rate for 1951-2009 from S & H. Mitchell provides sectoral output shares for 1950-2000. We used Nehru and Dhareshwar (1993) for capital stock values for 1950-1990. We used perpetual inventory for 2000 and 2010.

For 1950 enrollment rates in primary, secondary and higher education, we used the 1954UN Statistical Yearbook. For all enrollment rates in 1960, we used the 1963 UN Statistical Yearbook. Enrollments in primary and secondary schools from 1970-1993 come from Maa Table I1 p. 976. To calculate enrollment rates, we assumed 6-11 are primary school age and 12-18 are secondary school age. Higher education enrollments for 1967-1991 come from Maa Table I2 p. 999. For all 2010 enrollment rates we used HDR.

We interpolated for our 2000 enrollment rates.

8.30 Mozambique (1950-2010)

Population for 1950 and 1990 come from Maddsion. Populations for 1960, 1970 and 1980 come from Maa Table A1 p. 4. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes from Wikipedia.

The age distributions for 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maa Table A2 p. 16. The age distri-bution in 1950 is assumed to be identical to the age distridistri-bution in 1960. The age distridistri-bution for 1990 is interpolated from 1980 and 1995 values. Age distributions for Mozambique 2000 and 2010 come from the Demographic Yearbook. For 2010 we adjusted the 2007 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in 2007.

Labor force figures for 1980 come from Maa Table B1 p. 93. The labor force data for 1990, 2000 and 2010 come fromWDR. For 1950-1970 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra to compute the 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for urbanization rates from 1960-2010. We assumed rural 15-64 labor force participation rates of 105.95% for 1950-1980, 73% for 1990, 87.33% for 2000 and, 93.9% 2010. We

assumed urban 15-64 labor force participation rates of 105.95% for 1950-1980, 50% for 1990, 71.25% for 2000 and 91.3% for 2010. We constructed the ratio of this labor force to that fromWDR and WDI. The root mean ratio for the overlapping years 1980-2010 is 1.000. The 1980 and 1990 ratios are 1.000 and 1.000, respectively. The range of the ratios is 1.000 to 1.000.

Real output come from Maddison. Physical capital investment rates for 1970-2010 come from the intraperiod average investment rate from S & H online andWDR(various years). TheWDR 1982 provides sectoral output shares for 1960 and 1980. The WDI provides sectoral output shares for 1990-2000. We interpolated for 1970. We used Sabillon (2005) information on farming, manufacturing and aggregate growth rates for Sub-Saharan African countries to produce 1950 sectoral output shares. We used Nehru and Dhareshwar (1993) for 1950-1990 capital values. We used perpetual inventory to construct 2000 and 2010 values.

Enrollments in primary and secondary schools from 1950-1992 come from Maa Table I1 p. 977. To calculate enrollment rates, we assumed 6-10 are primary school age and 11-17 are secondary school age.

Higher education enrollments for 1976-1992 come from Maa Table I2 p. 999. Prior to 1976 we assume an enrollment rate of 0 for higher education. For 2010 enrollment rates we usedHDR. We interpolated for our 2000 enrollment rates. Our time series for years of schooling in the labor force for 1940-2010 is: .26 (1940), .44 (1950), .59 (1960), 1.43 (1970), 1.85 (1980), 4.02 (1990), 3.80 (2000) and 4.70 (2010). The Morrisson &

Murtin time series of years of schooling is: .19 (1940), .24 (1950), .45 (1960), .80 (1970), 1.05 (1980), 2.03 (1990), 2.39 (2000) and 2.68 (2010).

8.31 Namibia (1950-2010)

Populations for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990 come from Maddison. Population for 2000 comes from Time Almanac 2001. Population for 2010 comes fromWikipedia.

The age distributions for 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000 come from KF. Age distribution for Namibia 2010 comes from theDemographic Yearbook. For 2010 we adjusted the 2011 age distribution. We adjust by assuming the same share by age category as in 2011.

Labor force figures for 1990 come from WDI. For 2000 and 2010 we usedWDR. For 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for

Labor force figures for 1990 come from WDI. For 2000 and 2010 we usedWDR. For 1950, 1960, 1970, and 1980 we used the following procedure. We used Clio infra for 1950 urbanization rates, andWDI for

Im Dokument Data appendix for economic growth in the long run (Seite 100-112)