Our mutual discussion has shown up many aspects of debates on the evo-lution of morality that have commonly been taken for granted. While our views diverge in some respects and we have rather different starting points and philosophical commitments, we agree on some basic points. Both Arner and Deane-Drummond agree that human reason is important for human morality, and both acknowledge the significance of both philosophy and theology for interrogating current debates on the evolution of morality. Both also believe theological interpretations of the natural world as creation are important and have been neglected. And both believe theology has some-thing to contribute to the discussion, though in different ways. All of us agree a study of the evolution of morality is muddled in the literature and moving forward it would be better to separate elements of what such moral-ity entails and investigate those. All three of us affirm the significance of de-tailed and careful observations of hominin remains and other animals, and all of us believe in the distinctiveness of human morality. We also agree that the motivational aspects of morality are important. We differ, however, in the extent to which ethological studies might give insights into other social animal minds, the motivational intentions of those animals, and the extent to which that is meaningful for a discussion of human morality. Deane-Drummond and Fuentes argue that morality, like other aspects of human behavior, needs to be situated in a broader understanding of evolutionary theory as a community niche construction. Broader definitions of moral-ity are more inclusive but less incisive philosophically, since the breadth of meaning lacks clarity about scale, scope, and universality. All three of
us acknowledge the importance of wisdom, though, like morality, we are aware that even in this case its definitional basis is one that is bound to lead to further debate and discussion in both secular and religious contexts. Our collective discussion has, therefore, uncovered new questions as well as ar-riving at some preliminary shared conclusions.
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Celia Deane-Drummond
University of Notre Dame (Notre Dame, IN, USA) celia.deane-drummond.1@nd.edu
Neil Arner
University of Notre Dame (Notre Dame, IN, USA) neil.arner@nd.edu
Agustín Fuentes
University of Notre Dame (Notre Dame, IN, USA) agustin.fuentes.10@nd.edu
PTSc 3 (2016), 152–174 DOI 10.1628/219597716X14696202742091 ISSN 2195-9773 © 2016 Mohr Siebeck