On average, businesses across the EU spent almost half (47%) of their investment on replacement in the last financial year – in line with EIBIS 2019 – ranging from 43% in the
The environmental component has a 20% weight in the overall score and is a meta-index, leveraging on ND-GAIN scores, the Germanwatch Global Climate Risk Index, the World Energy
Considering the breakdown across the different categories of intangibles, we doc- ument in panel (b) of Figure 2 that firms using bank lending represent 38% of total R&D spending in
This study overcomes the severe data limitation by exploiting information from a unique firm-level survey that was carried out by the European Investment Bank. Utilising a rich sample
We proxy US financial conditions via the Excess Bond Premium, a widely used measure of risk aversion and financial market sentiment for the US economy (Gilchrist and Zakrajsek, 2012;
We test whether different types of financing instruments are more specific to a given firms’ growth phases. Traditionally, bank financing may be not appropriate for new, innovative and
The EIBIS provides a way to illustrate the major investment channels, as firms report impediments to investment resulting from demand, uncertainty, finance and regulation,
Marginal effects from the logit analyses for firms with high and low energy efficiency Table 11 shows that firms located in countries where there is no existing national support scheme
Motivated by studies of financial market fragmentation in Europe in the wake of the sovereign debt crisis and its lasting effects, we test for differential effects between periphery and
Exploiting data on the location of firms and bank branches, we also show that firms located in areas with a greater presence of banks that invest more in government debt are more likely
Operationalizing macro-based asset allocation is challenging, though: first, the concept requires anticipation of turning points in business and financial cycles so as to re-balance
Depending on the countries sample and time window, studies involving mediated effects of FDI on growth show a significant degree of positive (and/or at times neutral) relationship
International surveys providing up-to-date comparative information on training provision and investment in Europe focus either on the individual (for example the European Labour Force
In particular, manufacturing, the most energy- intensive sector, presented the highest share of firms investing in energy efficiency (43% in 2019), followed by infrastructure (37%) and
On the occasion of Expo 2015 in Milan and working in concert with Caritas Ambrosiana, Massimo Bottura opened Refettorio Ambrosiano, a new kind of community kitchen where chefs from
High growth startups are particularly likely to use multiple types of public support (Figure 7): 22 per cent have used two or more forms of public support (compared to 13 per cent of
The new projects the EIB signed beyond the European Union in 2019 are expected to provide more than five million people with improved water or sanitation and to generate enough green
As further illustrated by Figure 17, the United States is ahead of the European Union for venture capital funding to women-driven companies in terms of absolute value, which is likely
