Focus Siberian Permafrost – Terrestrial Cryosphere and Climate Change
International Online Symposium
Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg 24 – 25 March 2021
Edited by
E.M. Pfeiffer, O. Vybornova, L. Kutzbach, I. Fedorova, C. Knoblauch, L. Tsibizov & C. Beer
2021
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Herausgeber
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Editor
Dr. Horst Bornemann Editorial editing and layout Birgit Reimann
Alfred-Wegener-Institut
Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung Am Handelshafen 12
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Titel: Der Yedoma-Eiskomplex, Nordkap der Insel Muostakh in der Buor-Khaya-Bucht, Laptewsee (Foto:
Mikhail N. Grigoriev)
Cover: Yedoma Ice-Complex, northern cape of Muostakh Island in Buor-Khaya Gulf, Laptev Sea (Photo:
Mikhail N. Grigoriev)
Alfred-Wegener-Institut
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ISSN 1866-3192
Institute of Soil Science – Universität Hamburg March 24 – 25, 2021
Hamburg, Germany
Editorial board
Pfeiffer EM, Vybornova O, Kutzbach L, Fedorova I,
Knoblauch C, Tsibizov L & Beer C
Focus Siberian Permafrost – Terrestrial Cryosphere and Climate Change
International Online Symposium
Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg 24 – 25 March 2021
Edited by
E.M. Pfeiffer, O. Vybornova, L. Kutzbach, I. Fedorova,
C. Knoblauch, L. Tsibizov & C. Beer
Welcome to International Online Symposium
Focus Siberian Permafrost - Terrestrial Cryosphere and Climate Change March 24 to 25, 2021
The largest global permafrost areas are located in Siberia. These areas store vast amounts of organic carbon, which is mostly locked up in the frozen ground. As a consequence of the observed accelerated arctic warming, permafrost soils and sediments start to thaw, and microorganisms decompose the sequestered organic matter to carbon dioxide and methane. The rising release of these greenhouse gases may further amplify global warming. The aim of this international symposium is to improve the knowledge of important processes in cold regions – with focus on the Siberian permafrost landscapes, which are still poorly investigated. The symposium will bring together modelling and observing permafrost scientists and contribute to our understanding of the consequences of climatic and environmental changes in the high Arctic.
The symposium was primarily planned for spring 2020, but the Pandemic situation changed our whole life, and so also our scientific permafrost exchange had to be shifted to 2021 and realized as an online meeting. We are happy about the support by the Center of Earth System Science and Sustainability (CEN) and the cluster of excellence Climate, Climatic Change, and Society (CliCCS), both at the Universität Hamburg. Furthermore, the German Society of Polar Research (DGP), the German Research Foundation (DFG) and the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) foster our permafrost research.
The proceedings at hand comprise all actualized abstracts which have been submitted to the online symposium, and cover a broad variety of research from microbial processes to soil- vegetation-interaction in different permafrost-affected landscapes to the complex impact of climate change in Siberia. The BMBF funded German-Russian-project “Carbon in Permafrost”
(KoPf) is included in this symposium and will provide a major contribution to answer open questions of permafrost research. “Focus Siberian Permafrost” will discuss broader topics like carbon transformation and greenhouse gas release, aggregation and degradation of permafrost landscapes, past cold ecosystem dynamics, recent biogeochemical dynamics in frozen ground and future changes on permafrost ecosystems.
Enjoy reading the abstracts of the oral and poster presentations and relish the exchange with all participating scientist and permafrost-interested people. We are sure that the symposium “Focus Siberian Permafrost” will support a better understanding of the carbon dynamics in the Siberian permafrost region, thereby improving our knowledge on the global carbon cycle as well as current and future greenhouse gas fluxes from changing permafrost landscapes in Russia. We are looking forward to the panel discussion “Importance of permafrost ecosystems for future climate”
and wish you all an inspiring dialogue on Siberian permafrost research.
Eva-Maria Pfeiffer & all colleagues of the KoPf steering committee
09:00 – 09:15 Official Opening
Pfeiffer, Graener, Overbeck, Fretzdorff Panel discussion
‚Importance of permafrost Ecosystems for future climate‘
09:15 – 09:30
09:30 – 09:45 Beer
09:45 – 10:00 Abakumov
10:00 – 10:15 Kutzbach Yurkevich
10:15 – 10:30 Bolshianov Zdorovennova Sessions
10:30 – 10:45 Liebner Tsibizova
Process dynamics in heterogeneous permafrost landscapes under climate change
10:45 – 11:00 Zimov Kaverin
11:00 – 11:15
Break Break
11:15 – 11:30
11:30 – 11:45 Shibistova Juhls
Permafrost changes under environment and climate pressure
11:45 – 12:00 Laschinskiy Tsibisov
12:00 – 12:15 Shevtsova Zdorovennov
12:15 – 12:30 Brovkin Faguet
Biogeochemical dynamics in permafrost landscapes
12:30 – 12:45 Stepanenko Kut
12:45 – 13:00 Grosse Veremeeva
13:00 – 13:15 Sabrekov Runge
Past and recent permafrost ecosystem dynamics 13:15 – 13:30
Lunch Lunch
13:30 – 13:45 13:45 – 14:00
14:00 – 14:15 Fedorova Zaplavnova
Transfer of permafrost knowledge for science community and society
14:15 – 14:30 Evgrafova Dietze
14:30 – 14:45 Prokushkin Rivkina
14:45 – 15:00 Poliakov Eliseev
Poster session
15:00 – 15:15 Porada Georgievski
15:15 – 15:30 Habeck Pravkin
15:30 – 15:45 Fiencke
Break
15:45 – 16:00 van Delden
16:00 – 16:15
Break Jongejans
16:15 – 16:30 Lehmann
16:30 – 16:45 Mangelsdorf Vybornova
16:45 – 17:00 Jongejans Morgenstern
17:00 – 17:15 de Vrese
Poster Session
17:15 – 17:30 Heim
17:30 – 17:45 Buchwal
17:45 – 18:00 Heslop
18:00 – 18:15 Knoblauch
Public talk – Permafrost for everyone
Martin Heimann, Jena
18:15 – 18:30 Walz
18:30 – 18:45 Strauss
18:45 – 19:00 Ramm Closing session
Beer
24 – 25 March 2021
organized by Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg Online Conference
Join us via link:
https://uni-hamburg.zoom.us/j/96918527793?pwd=VklJL2VZWUNhWUhPQzNlNlZLTmk2dz09 or via Zoom Client
Meeting-ID: 969 1852 7793 Passcode: 82788852
Day 1: Wednesday, 24 March 2021
(all timeslots are given in Germany local time)
08:30 – 09:00 Check-in the meeting (Waiting room) 09:00 – 09:30 Official opening of the Symposium Welcome greetings and Introduction by
Prof. Dr. Eva-Maria Pfeiffer / Prof. Dr. Christian Beer (UHH) Prof. Dr. Heinrich Graener (MIN UHH)
Dr. Norbert Overbeck (BMBF) Dr. Susanne Fretzdorff (PTJ)
09:30 – 11:00 Session I: “Process dynamics in heterogeneous permafrost landscapes under climate change”
Session chair: Christian Beer, Dmitry Bolshiyanov
09:30 – 09:45 Christian Beer, N. Zimov, J. Olofsson, P. Porada, S. Zimov
Protection of permafrost soils from thawing by increasing herbivore density
Methane flux dynamics across temporal scales at polygonal tundra of the Siberian Lena River Delta
10:15 – 10:30 Dmitry Bolshiyanov, J. Boike, S. Pravkin Permafrost rate of the Siberian Arctic
10:30 – 10:45 Susanne Liebner, S. Yang, J. Kallmeyer, C. Knoblauch, J. Strauss, M.
Jenrich, M. Angelopoulos, P.P. Overduin, E. Damm, I. Bussmann, M.N.
Grigoriev, E. Rivkina, B.K. Biskaborn, D. Wagner, G. Grosse
Microbial controls on the fate of methane along a thermokarst lake to lagoon transition
10:45 – 11:00 Sergey Zimov, O. Anisimov
Methane emission in the Russian permafrost zone 11:00 – 11:30 Break (private discussions in Break-out rooms)
11:30 – 13:15 Session II: “Permafrost changes under environment and climate pressure”
Session chair: Zoé Rehder, Victor Stepanenko
11:30 – 11:45 Olga Shibistova, J. Boy, G. Guggenberger, D. Boy, M. Aguirre Morales, R.
Godoy
Biota as driver of mineral weathering and soil formation in maritime Antarctica
11:45 – 12:00 Nikolay Laschinskiy, E. Talovskaya
Combination of ice and wind erosion in Lena Delta landscape desertification (Eastern Siberia)
12:00 – 12:15 Iiulia Shevtsova, U. Herzschuh, B. Heim, L.A. Pestryakova, S. Kruse Recent dynamics of total above-ground biomass (AGB) and future tree AGB in central Chukotka
12:15 – 12:30 Victor Brovkin
Permafrost carbon in Earth System Models: Progress and challenges 12:30 – 12:45 Victor Stepanenko, A.I. Medvedev, V.Y. Bogomolov, A.V. Debolskiy, E.D.
Drozdov, E.A. Marchuk, V.N. Lykosov
Representing cold-climate hydrological processes in the INM RAS-MSU land surface model
12:45 – 13:00 Guido Grosse, I. Nitze, A. Runge, M. Fuchs, T. Henning, S. Barth, B.
Heim, F. Günther, J. Boike, M. Grigoriev
Remote sensing of permafrost landscape change in the Lena Delta Region using multispectral timeseries and spatially very high resolution change detection
14:00 – 16:00 Session III: “Biogeochemical dynamics in permafrost landscapes”
Session chair: Claudia Fiencke, Vyacheslav Poliakov
14:00 – 14:15 Irina Fedorova, E. Shestakova, A. Pashovkina, A. Chetverova, G.
Nigamatzyanova, R. Zdorovennov, G. Zdorovennova, N. Alekseeva, V.
Dimitriev
Recent biogeochemical dynamics in Arctic lakes ecosystems
14:15 – 14:30 Svetlana Evgrafova, V. Kadutskii, V. Polyakov, E. Abakumov, O. Novikov, G. Guggenberger, D. Wagner
Field-based incubation experiment in tundra: Buried soil organic matter decomposition
14:30 – 14:45 Anatoly Prokushkin, A. Steinhof
Tracing the permafrost carbon release using radiocarbon dating of
dissolved and particulate organic carbon in the Yenisei River and its major tributaries
14:45 – 15:00 Vyacheslav Poliakov, E. Abakumov
Stabilization of organic matter from the Ice Complex, Lena River Delta, Russia
15:00 – 15:15 Philipp Porada, C. Beer
Impact of mosses and lichens on future carbon emissions from permafrost soils
15:15 – 15:30 Joachim O. Habeck, M. Ulrich
Animal husbandry in permafrost regions of Siberia and northern Mongolia:
How permafrost has shaped the ecological conditions for pastoral forms of land use, and how the latter interact with permafrost dynamics
15:30 – 15:45 Claudia Fiencke, T. Sanders, N. Zell, E.-M. Pfeiffer
Microbial transformation and availability of dissolved nitrogen in the active layer of cryosols
15:45 – 16:00 Lona van Delden, M. Marushchak, C. Voigt, G. Grosse, A. Faguet, N.
Lashchinskiy, J. Kerttula, C. Biasi
Towards the first circumarctic N2O budget – Extrapolating to the landscape scale
16:00 – 16:30 Break (private discussions in Break-out rooms)
from NE Siberia for microbial Greenhouse Gas Production
16:45 – 17:00 Loeka Jongejans, S. Liebner, C. Knoblauch, G. Grosse, J. Strauss CO2 and CH4 production in in-situ thawed Yedoma sediments in the Yukechi alas, Yakutia
17:00 – 17:15 Philipp de Vrese, V. Brovkin
The high latitudes' response to temperature overshoot scenarios 17:15 – 17:30 Birgit Heim, S. Lisovski, I. Shevtsova, S. Kruse, N. Bornemann, M.
Langer, J. Boike, A. Morgenstern, U. Herzschuh, S. Evgrafova, E.
Abramova, C. Rixen
‚Seeing‘ vegetation green-up after snowmelt using MODIS satellite time series in the Lena Delta, Siberia
17:30 – 17:45 Agata Buchwal, G. Rachlewicz, B. Heim
Dendrochronological records from tundra shrubs in the vicinity of Samoylov island
17:45 – 18:00 Joanne K. Heslop, S. Liebner, K.M. Walter Anthony, M. Winkel, R.G.M.
Spencer, D.C. Podgorski, P. Zito, R. Neumann
MicroModel: Microscale controls on greenhouse gas production from thawing permafrost
18:00 – 18:15 Christian Knoblauch, C. Beer, A. Schütt, L. Sauerland, S. Liebner, E.
Abakumov, J. Rethemeyer, E.-M. Pfeiffer
Carbon dioxide and methane release following abrupt thaw of Pleistocene permafrost deposits in arctic Siberia
18:15 – 18:30 Josefine Walz, F. Gehrmann, E.A.S. Andersen, E. Dorrepaal Year-round CO2 flux partitioning from snow-covered Arctic heath ecosystems
18:30 – 18:45 Jens Strauss, P.J. Mann, M. Bedington, M. Fuchs, G. Grosse, C. Haugk, G. Mollenhauer, B. Juhls, O. Ogneva, P. Overduin, J. Palmtag, L.
Polimene, R. Torres
Assessing the dynamic interface between land and ocean in the Arctic:
results from the joint BMBF-NERC project Changing Arctic organic Carbon cycle in the cOastal Ocean Near-shore (CACOON)
18:45 – 19:00 Elisabeth Ramm, C. Liu, X. Wang, H. Yue, W. Zhang, Y. Pan, B. Hu, M.
Schloter, S. Gschwendtner, C.W. Mueller, H. Rennenberg, M.
Dannenmann
Current research on Eurasian permafrost in northeast China: The DFG- NSFC NIFROCLIM project
19:00 – Check-out the meeting (End of Day 1)
09:00 – 10:00 Panel discussion ‚Importance of permafrost ecosystems for future climate‘
Session chair: Lars Kutzbach, Mikhail Grigoriev Contributions by all participants are welcome
10:00 – 11:00 Session III: “Biogeochemical dynamics in permafrost landscapes”
Session chair: Bennett Juhls, Dmitry Kaverin 10:00 – 10:15 Nataliya Yurkevich, A. Karotziia
Water ecosystems of the Siberian tundra: Geochemical and
geomorphological features (Samoylov and Kurungnakh islands, Lena Delta)
10:15 – 10:30 Galina Zdorovennova, I. Fedorova, A. Shadrina, T. Efremova, R.
Zdorovennov, N. Palshin
Dissolved oxygen in ice-covered lakes
10:30 – 10:45 Ekaterina Tsibizova, N. Yurkevich, T. Fedorova
Chemical composition of water and bottom sediments in thermokarst lakes on Kurungnakh island, Lena Delta
10:45 – 11:00 Dmitry Kaverin, A.V. Pastukhov, M. Marushchak, С. Biasi
Impact of microclimatic and landscape changes on the temperature regime and thaw depth under a field experiment in the Bolshezemelskaya tundra
11:00 – 11:30 Break (private discussions in Break-out rooms)
11:30 – 13:15 Session II: “Permafrost changes under environment and climate pressure”
Session chair: Alexandra Runge, Alexey Faguet
11:30 – 11:45 Bennett Juhls, C.A. Stedmon, A. Morgenstern, H. Meyer, B. Heim, J.
Hölemann, V. Povazhniy, Paul P. Overduin
Seasonality in Lena River biogeochemistry and dissolved organic matter
Golosov, I. Zverev, I. Fedorova
Thermal regime and hydrodynamics of Arctic lakes and rivers 12:15 – 12:30 Alexey Faguet, A. Kartoziia, N. Lashchinskiy
Permafrost evolution in Lena Delta as seen on 2016-2019 drone survey data. An overview.
12:30 – 12:45 Anna Kut, V. Spektor, B. Woronko
Micromorphology of Quartz grains in sediments of Abalakh plate, Central Yakutia
12:45 – 13:00 Alexandra Veremeeva, I. Nitze, F. Günther, G. Grosse, E. Rivkina Thermokarst lake area increase trend and its geomorphic and climatic drivers in the Kolyma lowland yedoma region, NE Siberia
13:00 – 13:15 Alexandra Runge, G. Grosse
A comprehensive remote sensing-based assessment of annual
retrogressive thaw slump dynamics across North Siberia for 1999-2020 13:15 – 14:00 Lunch (private discussions in Break-out rooms)
14:00 – 15:30 Session IV: “Past and recent permafrost ecosystem dynamics”
Session chair: Anne Morgenstern, Alexey Eliseev 14:00 – 14:15 Anna Zaplavnova, V. Potapov
Upper part of the geoelectrical section from the Lena River Delta using MTS data
14:15 – 14:30 Elisabeth Dietze, R. Glückler, S. Kruse, K. Mangelsdorf, A. Andreev, L.A.
Pestryakova, U. Herzschuh
The role of forest fires in Eastern Siberia – Feedbacks between fire, climate, vegetation, permafrost and humans across space and time 14:30 – 14:45 Elizaveta Rivkina, T. Vishnivetskaya
Biogeochemical processes in permafrost 14:45 – 15:00 Alexey V. Eliseev, V.V. Malakhova
Uncertainty in temperature and sea level datasets for the Pleistocene glacial cycles: Implications for thermal state of the subsea sediments 15:00 – 15:15 Goran Georgievski, P. De Vrese, S. Hagemann, V. Brovkin
Evaluating historical simulations of MPI-ESM for key permafrost-relevant climatic variables in high northern latitudes
15:15 – 15:30 Sergei Pravkin, D. Bolshiyanov, A. Aksenov
The first river terrace and the Ice Complex of the Lena Delta: Common origin and evolution
Session chair: Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, Irina Fedorova 16:00 – 16:15 Loeka Jongejans
Communicating Arctic Science 16:15 – 16:30 Rainer Lehmann
How to bring the Polar regions and Permafrost into the classrooms 16:30 – 16:45 Olga Vybornova, N. Kakhro, H. Kassens, I. Fedorova, C. Beer, E.-M.
Pfeiffer
Russian-German Higher Education cooperation on Permafrost Science:
two research-driven Master Programs between universities Saint- Petersburg and Hamburg
16:45 – 17:00 Anne Morgenstern
Russian-German cooperation – driver for international advances in permafrost and Arctic research
17:00 – 18:00 Session VI: Poster session
Session chair: Olga Vybornova, Paul Overduin Evgeny Abakumov
The role of vascular plants in stabilization of organic matter in soils of maritime Antarctica, north-west part of Antarctic Peninsula region Natalia Alekseeva, I. Fedorova, S. Romanov, A. Chetverova
Variability of carbonate system components in Arctic water ecosystem Sara E Anthony, C. Rosinger, J. Rethemeyer
Controls of organic matter degradability in thawing Holocene permafrost deposits in the Lena Delta, Russia
Annett Bartsch, ESA DUE GlobPermafrost team, ESA CCI+ Permafrost team
Siberian change revealed by satellite - Data collections of ESA DUE GlobPermafrost and ESA CCI+ Permafrost
Lutz Beckebanze, B.R.K. Runkle, J. Walz, C. Wille, D. Holl, M. Helbig, I.
Fedorova, J. Boike, T. Sachs, L. Kutzbach
Low impact of lateral carbon export on net ecosystem carbon balance of a polygonal tundra catchment
Mariya Chernysheva, I. Fedorova
Geochemistry of bottom sediments of Yamal anthropogenically impacted
Pfeiffer, L. Kutzbach
Inter-annual variability of CO2 fluxes on Samoylov Island
Marina Kashkevich, O. Galanina, N. Voropay, T. Parshina, I. Fedorova Geoecological studies of the Tunkinskaya depression (Buryatia, Russia) Melanie Kern, X. Rodriguez-Lloveras, C. Beer
A novel approach to process-oriented cryoturbation modelling
Johanna Kerttula, H. Siljanen, M.E. Marushchak, C. Voigt, J. Ronkainen, C. Biasi
Microbial community related to observed high N2O emissions from thawing Yedoma permafrost
Sebastian Laboor, S. Muster, B. Heim, A. Haas, A. Walter, J. Matthes, I.
Nitze, A. Bartsch, G. Grosse
The Arctic Permafrost Geospatial Center – a portal for high-quality open access scientific data related to permafrost in the Arctic
Maija Marushchak, J. Kerttula, K. Diakova, A. Faguet, J. Gil, G. Grosse, C. Knoblauch, N. Lashchinskiy, M. Nykamb, P.K. Martikainen, A.
Morgenstern, J. Ronkainen, H. Siljanen, L. Van Delden, C. Voigt, N.
Zimov, S. Zimov, C. Biasi
Thawed Yedoma permafrost as a neglected N2O source
Olga Ogneva, G. Mollenhauer, H. Grotheer, M. Fuchs, J. Palmtag, T.
Sanders, P. Mann, J. Strauss
The permafrost thaw fingerprint: the Isotopic composition of Particulate Organic Carbon From Lena River to Laptev sea
Juri Palmtag, P.J. Mann, M. Cara, M. Bedington, M. Fuchs, G. Grosse, G.
Mollenhauer, B. Juhls, O. Ogneva, P. Overduin, L. Polimene, R. Torres, J.
Strauss
Seasonal methane and carbon dioxide emissions upon the coastal region of the Kolyma river
Aleksandr Pastukhov, V. Kovaleva, D. Kaverin, C. Knoblauch
Microbial communities in Permafrost-affected peatlands in the South of the East-European Cryolithozone
Evgeny Abakumov, V. Polyakov
The role of microparticles of organic carbon in degradation of ice cover of polar regions of the earths and in the process of soil-like bodies formation Zoé Rehder, T. Kleinen, L. Kutzbach, V. Stepanenko, V. Brovkin
New model MeEP gives insights on the impact of methane emissions from ponds on the local methane budget in the Lena River Delta
Tina Sanders, M. Fuchs, K. Dähnke
Fate and transport of nitrogen in soils, sediment and water of the Lena Delta, Northeast Siberia
Irina Terentieva, I. Filippov, A. Sabrekov, M. Glagolev
Mapping West Siberian seeps and floodplains using convolutional neural networks
Yana Tikhonravova
Isotopic composition within heterogeneous ice wedge
Stiig Wilkenskjeld, F. Miesner, P. Overduin, M. Puglini, V. Brovkin The Fate of Subsea Permafrost under Future Climate Warming Sizhong Yang, S. Liebner, J. Walz, C. Knoblauch, T. Bornemann, A.
Probst, D. Wagner, Mike S.M. Jetten, M. in ‘t Zandt
Effects of a long-term warming scenario on microbial community structure and functional potential of permafrost-affected soil
17:00 – 17:30 Short poster presentations (1 min/poster)
17:30 – 18:00 Break-out rooms parallel poster discussions (separate room pro poster)
18:00 – 18:45 Public talk – Permafrost for everyone
Martin Heimann, M. Goeckede, S. Zimov, N. Zimov, Brovkin
In search of greenhouse gas emissions from permafrost in northeast Siberia
18:45 – 19:00 Official Closing of the Symposium Prof. Dr. Christian Beer (UHH)
Pedodiversity and Soil Taxonomy of abandoned agricultural ecosystems of Central Yamal 21
Evgeny Abakumov, V. Polyakov
The role of microparticles of organic carbon in degradation of ice cover of polar regions of the Earths and in the process of soil-like bodies formation
22
Evgeny Abakumov
The role of vascular plants in stabilization of organic matter in soils of maritime Antarctica, North-West part of Antarctic Peninsula Region
23
Natalia Alekseeva, I. Fedorova, S. Romanov, A. Chetverova
Variability of carbonate system components in Arctic water ecosystem 24
Sara E. Anthony, C. Rosinger, J. Rethemeyer
Controls of organic matter degradability in thawing Holocene Permafrost deposits in the Lena Delta, Russia
25
Pavel Barsukov
Above-ground phytomass and its nitrogen content in a thermokarst depression in the Lena Delta: Preliminary results
26
Annett Bartsch, ESA DUE GlobPermafrost team, ESA CCI+ Permafrost team
Siberian change revealed by satellite - Data collections of ESA DUE GlobPermafrost and ESA CCI+ Permafrost
27
Lutz Beckebanze, B.R.K. Runkle, J. Walz, C. Wille, D. Holl, M. Helbig, I. Fedorova, J. Boike, T. Sachs, L. Kutzbach
Low impact of lateral carbon export on net ecosystem carbon balance of a polygonal Tundra catchment
28
Christian Beer, N. Zimov, J. Olofsson, P. Porada, S. Zimov
Protection of Permafrost Soils from Thawing by Increasing Herbivore Density 29
Permafrost carbon in Earth System Models: Progress and challenges 31
Agata Buchwal, G. Rachlewicz, B. Heim
Dendrochronological records from Tundra shrubs in the vicinity of Samoylov Island 32
Mariya A. Chernysheva, I. V. Fedorova
Geochemistry of bottom sediments of Yamal anthropogenically impacted lakes exposed 33
Philipp de Vrese, V. Brovkin
The high latitudes’ response to temperature overshoot scenarios 34
Elisabeth Dietze, R. Glückler, S. Kruse, K. Mangelsdorf, A. Andreev, L.A. Pestryakova, U.
Herzschuh
The role of forest fires in Eastern Siberia – Feedbacks between fire, climate, vegetation, permafrost and humans across space and time
35
Alexey V. Eliseev, V.V. Malakhova
Uncertainty in temperature and sea level datasets for the Pleistocene glacial cycles:
Implications for thermal state of the subsea sediments 36
Svetlana Evgrafova, V. Kadutskii, V. Polyakov, E. Abakumov, O. Novikov, G.
Guggenberger, D. Wagner
Field-based incubation experiment in Tundra: Buried soil organic matter decomposition 37
Alexey Faguet, A. Kartoziia, N. Lashchinskiy
Permafrost evolution in Lena Delta as seen on 2016-2019 drone survey data. An overview 38
Irina Fedorova, E. Shestakova, A. Pashovkina, A. Chetverova, G. Nigamatzyanova, R.
Zdorovennov, G. Zdorovennova, N. Alekseeva, V. Dmitriev Recent biogeochemical dynamics in Arctic lakes ecosystems 39
Applying computed tomography (CT) scanning for segmentation of Permafrost constituents in drill cores
41
Goran Georgievski, P. de Vrese, S. Hagemann, V. Brovkin
Evaluating historical simulations of MPI-ESM for key Permafrost-relevant climatic variables in high northern latitudes
42
Mathias Goeckede, P. de Vrese, V. Brovkin, T. Guillermo Nunez Ramirez, F.-T. Koch, C.
Rödenbeck
Atmospheric inverse modelling to evaluate process model simulations of Siberian methane fluxes
43
Guido Grosse, I. Nitze, A. Runge, M. Fuchs, T. Henning, S. Barth, B. Heim, F. Günther, J.
Boike, M.N. Grigoriev
Remote sensing of Permafrost landscape change in the Lena Delta region using multispectral timeseries and spatially very high-resolution change detection
44
Alina V. Guzeva, I.V. Fedorova, E.A. Krylova
Geochemical features and molecular composition of humic acids isolated from lake sediments of the Lena Delta
45
Joachim O. Habeck, M. Ulrich
Animal husbandry in Permafrost regions of Siberia and Northern Mongolia: How Permafrost has shaped the ecological conditions for pastoral forms of land use, and how the latter interact with Permafrost dynamics
46
Birgit Heim, I. Shevtsova, N. Landgraf, S. Lisovski, S. Kruse, A. Morgenstern, A. Runge, G.
Grosse, U. Herzschuh, A. Buchwal, G. Rachlewicz, S. Evgrafova, E. Abramova, A. Kartoziia, N. Lashchinskiy
Remote sensing for assessing above ground carbon stocks and fluxes in the Lena Delta, RU
47
Birgit Heim, S. Lisovski, I. Shevtsova, S. Kruse, N. Bornemann, M. Langer, J. Boike, A.
Morgenstern, U. Herzschuh, S. Evgrafova, E. Abramova, C. Rixen
“Seeing” vegetation green-up after snowmelt using MODIS satellite time series in the Lena Delta, Siberia
48
P. Zito, R. Neumann
MicroModel: Microscale controls on greenhouse gas production from thawing Permafrost 50
David Holl, C. Wille, T. Sachs, J. Boike, M. Grigoriev, I. Fedorova, E.-M. Pfeiffer, L. Kutzbach Inter-annual variability of CO2 fluxes on Samoylov Island
51
Loeka L. Jongejans, S. Liebner, C. Knoblauch, G. Grosse, J. Strauss
CO2 and CH4 production in in-situ thawed Yedoma sediments in the Yukechi Alas, Yakutia 52
Bennet Juhls, C.A. Stedmon, A. Morgenstern, H. Meyer, B. Heim, J. Hölemann, V.
Povazhniy, P. Overduin
Seasonality in Lena River biogeochemistry and dissolved organic matter 53
Marina Kashkevich, O. Galanina, N. Voropay, T. Parshina, I. Fedorova Geoecological studies of the Tunkinskaya depression (Buryatia, Russia) 54
Dmitry A. Kaverin, A.V. Pastukhov, M. Marushchak, C. Biasi
Impact of microclimatic and landscape changes on the temperature regime and thaw depth under a field experiment in the Bolshezemelskaya Tundra
55
Melanie Kern, X. Rodriguez-Lloveras, C. Beer
A novel approach to process-oriented cryoturbation modelling 56
Johanna Kerttula, H. Siljanen, M. Marushchak, C. Voigt, J. Ronkainen, C. Biasi
Microbial community related to observed high N2O emissions from thawing Yedoma Permafrost
57
Christian Knoblauch, C. Beer, A. Schütt, L. Sauerland, S. Liebner, E. Abakumov, J.
Rethemeyer, E.-M. Pfeiffer
Carbon dioxide and methane release following abrupt thaw of Pleistocene Permafrost deposits in Arctic Siberia
58
Pfeiffer
Methane flux dynamics across temporal scales at polygonal Tundra of the Siberian Lena River Delta
60
Sebastian Laboor, S. Muster, B. Heim, A. Haas, A. Walter, J. Matthes, I. Nitze, A. Bartsch, G. Grosse
The Arctic Permafrost Geospatial Center – A portal for high-quality open access scientific data related to Permafrost in the Arctic
61
Nikolay Lashchinskiy, E. Talovskaya
Combination of ice and wind erosion in delta landscape desertification (Eastern Siberia) 62
Liudmila Lebedeva, I. Khristoforov, K. Bazhin, V. Efremov, V. Ogonerov, N. Baishev Suprapermafrost taliks in Central Yakutia
63
Rainer Lehmann
How to bring the Polar regions and Permafrost into the classrooms 64
Susanne Liebner, S. Yang, J. Kallmeyer, C. Knoblauch, J. Strauss, M. Jenrich, M.
Angelopoulos, P.P. Overduin, E. Damm, I. Bussmann, M.N. Grigoriev, E. Rivkina, B.K.
Biskaborn, D. Wagner, G. Grosse
Microbial controls on the fate of methane along a thermokarst lake to lagoon transition 65
Valentina Malakhova
The response of the gas hydrate associated with subsea Permafrost to climate changes 66
Kai Mangelsdorf, J.G. Stapel, L. Schirrmeister, J. Walz, C. Knoblauch
Assessment of the substrate potential of terrestrial Permafrost deposits from NE Siberia for microbial greenhouse gas production
67
Maija E. Marushchak, J. Kerttula, K. Diakova, A. Faguet, J. Gil, G. Grosse, C. Knoblauch, N.
Lashchinskiy, M. Nykamb, P.J. Martikainen, A. Morgenstern, J. Ronkainen, H. Siljanen, L.
van Delden, C. Voigt, N. Zimov, S. Zimov, C. Biasi
Thawed Yedoma Permafrost as a neglected N2O source 68
Olga Ogneva, G. Mollenhauer, H. Grotheer, M. Fuchs, J. Palmtag, T. Sanders, P. Mann, J.
Strauss
The Permafrost thaw fingerprint: The isotopic composition of particulate organic carbon from Lena River to Laptev Sea
70
Juri Palmtag, P.J. Mann, C. Manning, M. Bedington, M. Fuchs, G. Grosse, G. Mollenhauer, B. Juhls, O. Ogneva, P. Overduin, L. Polimene, R. Torres, J. Strauss
Seasonal methane and carbon dioxide emissions upon the coastal region of the Kolyma river
71
Aleksandr Pastukhov, V. Kovaleva, D. Kaverin, C. Knoblauch
Microbial communities in Permafrost-affected peatlands in the South of the East-European Cryolithozone
72
Eva-Maria Pfeiffer, C. Beer, D. Bolshiyanov, I. Fedorova, M. Grigoriev, G. Grosse
KOPF Synthesis – Carbon in terrestrial Permafrost landscapes of the Siberian Arctic under a changing climate
73
Vyacheslav Polyakov, E. Abakumov
Stabilization of organic matter from the Ice Complex, Lena River Delta, Russia 74
Philipp Porada, C. Beer
Impact of mosses and lichens on future carbon emissions from Permafrost soils 75
Sergei Pravkin, D. Bolshiyanov, A. Aksenov
The first River Terrace and the Ice Complex of the Lena Delta: Common origin and evolution 76
Anatoly Prokushkin, A. Steinhof
Tracing the Permafrost carbon release using radiocarbon dating of dissolved and particulate organic carbon in the Yenisei River and its major tributaries
77
Zoé Rehder, T. Kleinen, L. Kutzbach, V. Stepanenko, V. Brovkin
New model MeEP gives insights on the impact of methane emissions from ponds on the local methane budget in the Lena River Delta
79
Elizaveta Rivkina, T. Vishnivetskaya
Biogeochemical processes in Permafrost 80
Alexandra Runge, G. Grosse
A comprehensive remote sensing-based assessment of annual retrogressive thaw slump dynamics across North Siberia for 1999-2020
81
Aleksandr Sabrekov, I. Terentieva, I. Filippov, M. Glagolev, Y. Litti
Origin of methane seeping in West Siberian Middle Taiga River Floodplains 82
Tina Sanders, M. Fuchs, K. Dähnke
Fate and transport of nitrogen in soils, sediment and water of the Lena Delta, Northeast Siberia
83
Aleksandra Shadrina, I. Fedorova, G. Zdorovennova, N. Alekseeva Thermal regime variability of thermokarst lakes
84
Iuliia Shevtsova, U. Herzschuh, B. Heim, L.A. Pestryakova, S. Kruse
Recent dynamics of total above ground biomass (AGB) and future tree AGB in Central Chukotka
85
Olga Shibistova, J. Boy, G. Guggenberger, D. Boy, M. Aguirre Morales, R. Godoy Biota as driver of mineral weathering and soil formation in maritime Antarctica 86
Victor Stepanenko, A.I. Medvedev, V.Y. Bogomolov, A.V. Debolskiy, E.D. Drozdov, E.A.
Marchuk, V.N. Lykosov
Representing cold-climate hydrological processes in the INM RAS-MSU Land Surface Model
87
88
Irina Terentieva, I. Filippov, A. Sabrekov, M. Glagolev
Mapping West Siberian seeps and floodplains using convolutional neural networks 89
Yana Tikhonravova
Isotopic composition within heterogeneous ice wedge 90
Leonid Tsibizov, V. Olenchenko, V. Potapov, A. Faguet, K. Bazhin, D. Auynov, E. Esin Geophysical studies of Permafrost on Samoylov and Kurungnakh Islands, Lena Delta 91
Ekaterina Tsibizova, N. Yurkevich, T. Fedorova
Chemical composition of water and bottom sediments in thermokarst lakes on Kurungnakh Island, Lena Delta
92
Lona van Delden, M. Marushchak, C. Voigt, G. Grosse, A. Faguet, N. Lashchinskiy, J.
Kerttula, C. Biasi
Towards the first circumarctic N2O budget – extrapolating to the landscape scale 93
Alexandra Veremeeva, I. Nitze, F. Günther, G. Grosse, E. Rivkina
Thermokarst lake area increase trend and its geomorphic and climatic drivers in the Kolyma Lowland Yedoma Region, NE Siberia
94
Olga Vybornova, N. Kakhro, H. Kassens, I. Fedorova, C. Beer, E.-M. Pfeiffer
Russian-German higher education cooperation on Permafrost Science: 2 research-driven Master programs between Universities Saint-Petersburg and Hamburg
95
Josefine Walz, F. Gehrmann, E.A. Sherman Andersen, E. Dorrepaal
Year-round CO2 flux partitioning from snow-covered Arctic heath ecosystems 96
Evan J. Wilcox, B. Walker, G. Hould – Gosselin, B.B. Wolfe, O. Sonnentag, P. Marsh
Landscape controls on thermokarst lake water fluxes between Inuvik and Tuktoyaktuk, Northwest Territories, Canada
Large herbivores as stabilizing ecosystem engineers in thawing terrestrial Arctic environments
99
Sizhong Yang, S. Liebner, J. Walz, C. Knoblauch, T. Bornemann, A. Probst, D. Wagner, M.S.M. Jetten, M. in ‘t Zandt
Effects of a long-term warming scenario on microbial community structure and functional potential of Permafrost-affected soil
100
Nataliya Yurkevich, A. Kartoziia
Water ecosystems of the Siberian Tundra: Geochemical and geomorphological features (Samoylov and Kurungnakh Islands, Lena Delta)
101
Anna Zaplavnova, V. Potapov
Upper part of the geoelectrical section from the Lena River Delta using MTS data 102
Roman Zdorovennov, G. Zdorovennova, A. Guzeva, S. Evgrafova, S. Golosov, I. Zverev, I.
Fedorova
Thermal regime and hydrodynamics of Arctic lakes and rivers 103
Galina Zdorovennova, I. Fedorova, A. Shadrina, T. Efremova, R. Zdorovennov, N. Palshin Dissolved oxygen in ice-covered lakes
104
Sergey Zimov, O. Anisimov
Methane emission in the Russian permafrost zone 105
PEDODIVERSITY AND SOIL TAXONOMY OF ABANDONED AGRICULTURAL ECOSYSTEMS OF CENTRAL YAMAL
Evgeny Abakumov1, Vyacheslav Polyakov1, Evgenya Morgun2
1Department of Applied Ecology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
2Arctic Research Center, Salekhard, Russia
The soils of the Russian Arctic and the cryolitozone are considered as a hidden food resource (basket) of the Russian Federation and all of Eurasia. Arctic warming would contribute to the expansion of agricultural practice into the northern ecosystems. Nowadays, a program of re- involvement of fallow lands in agricultural use is underway in the Russian Federation. Numerous abandoned agricultural landscapes are located in cryogenic ecosystems in the central and south part of Yamalo-Nenets autonomous regions. In the Soviet period, agriculture was quite intensive and widespread in remote regions of North-West Siberia. Soils of abandoned agricultural lands as well as soils of current agricultural fields were investigated in terms of morphology, taxonomy and nutrient state. About 25 soil profiles, located in former arable lands in the vicinity of the cities of Salekhard and Labynangy (tundra) as well as Nadym, Stary Nadym and Novy Urengoy (forest- tundra), were surveyed and analysed. Soils of forest tundra zone are presented, normally, by Gleezems and Entic Podzols with an abandoned arable humus horizon. Over 30 years of the soils being in the fallow state, the arable layer is well preserved, even in terms of thickness. At the same time, levels of nutrients and total organic carbon content remain on one level, comparable with what was fixed in 1990-1991. Soils of former greenhouses are presented by a thick layer of humus and nutrient-enriched materials. Anthropogenically transformed Podzols of forest tundra demonstrate humus layers with thicknesses of about 20-40 cm, in some cases soils have a second organic horizon, resulting from rotational plowing. Abandoned Agrosoils demonstrate agrogenic morphological features and evident fingerprints of the application of mineral amendments in the recent past. Nowadays, soils that are involved to agricultural practices are mainly used for potato and vegetable production. Current agriculture is strongly localized in vicinities of cities and settlements, while previously, in Soviet times, it was spread over wide areas.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation of Fundamental researches, project No 19-416- 890002.
THE ROLE OF MICROPARTICLES OF ORGANIC CARBON IN DEGRADATION OF ICE COVER OF POLAR REGIONS OF THE EARTHS AND IN THE PROCESS OF SOIL-LIKE BODIES
FORMATION
Evgeny Abakumov1, V. Polyakov1 1Department of Applied Ecology, Saint- Petersburg State University, Saint- Petersburg, Russia
Rapid glaciers retreatment in polar and mountain regions of the Earth results not only from the direct effect of the climate changes, but, at the same time, from the global transfer of microparticles. An accumulation of these microparticles on the glaciers surface result in changing of albedo values and ice-sheets degradation. The cryoconites play a specific role in glaciers degradation, these formations are presented by specific organic soil-like bodies. They present self-deepening dark colored formations and aggregations in the surface part of the glacier. Inside the ice layer, they become aggregates and form a space-developed web of organo-mental material, which finally result in the intensification of the deglaciation. In this context, this report is aimed at the complex investigation of this process with use of numerous instrumental and molecular methods. Humic acids, isolated from selected soils of paraglacial Antarctic and Arctic areas, were investigated in terms of molecular composition and resistance of decomposition. The degree of soils organic matter stabilization has been assessed with the use of modern instrumental methods (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (CP/MAS 13C-NMR). Analysis of the humic acids showed that aromatic compounds prevail in the organic matter formed in cryoconites, located on the glacier's surfaces. The predominance of aliphatic fragments is revealed in the soils of paraglacial and periglacial areas. This could be caused by sedimentation of fresh organic matter exhibiting a low decomposition stage due to the harsh climate and processes of hydrogenation in the humic acids, destruction of the C-C bonds and formation of chains with a high hydrogen content. These processes result in the formation of aliphatic fragments in the humic acids. In general, soils of the studied region are characterized by low stabilized soil organic matter which is indicated by low aromaticity of the HAs. The cryoconites contain more stabilized organic matter than soils.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project No 19-05-50107.
THE ROLE OF VASCULAR PLANTS IN STABILIZATION OF ORGANIC MATTER IN SOILS OF MARITIME ANTARCTICA, NORTH-WEST PART OF ANTARCTIC PENINSULA REGION
Evgeny Abakumov1 1Saint-Peterburg State University,
Department of Applied Ecology, Saint- Petersburg, Russia
2State Research Center, City, Country Soils of Antarctica are known as biogenic-abiogenic formations with low content of organic matter and related biogenic elements. The content of organic matter in soils of coastal and intercontinental territories normally is not higher than 1 %. Organic matter is characterized by very low enrichens of soil organic matter by nitrogen. At the same time, soils of maritime Antarctic show increased portions of organic carbon in the fine earth. Considering the fact that there is also an increased portion of the fine earth in soils of the maritime zone, one can conclude that the rate accumulation of organic matter here is essentially higher than in soils of the continental part. The aim of this research was to evaluate stocks, content and molecular compositions of organic matter, formed under two vascular plants, which are indigenous for the Antarctic Peninsula – Deschampsia antarctica and Colobantus quitensis. These two plants normally occupy former bird rookeries and other places of nesting (normally – elevated ridges and hills), enriched by biogenic elements. That is why initial enrichens of fine earth by organic carbon and nitrogen is higher in normal soils under the lichens and mosses. Moreover, the composition of individual precursors of humification in soils, formed under vascular plants, essentially differs from those under lichens and mosses. That is why organic matter stabilization rate is higher in soils under two higher plants, as mentioned above. The most important fact, which can affect the stabilization degree, is the amount of aromatic compounds of different structure and origin in case of soil formation under flowering plants. Thus, the current expansion of these Antarctic herbs caused by the factor of ornitohoria, within the inland territories, should result in increasing the areas, occupied by soils with high organic matter stabilization degree.
Acknowledgements
This work was partially supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, projects No: 19-54- 18003, 19-54-18003 and 19-05-50107.
VARIABILITY OF CARBONATE SYSTEM COMPONENTS IN ARCTIC WATER ECOSYSTEM
Natalia Alekseeva1,2, Irina Fedorova3, S.
Romanov4, Antonina Chetverova2,3
1The Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science, Novosibirsk, Russia
2Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
3Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
4State Company «Mineral», Saint- Petersburg, Russia
During the winter and summer period, we carried out the hydrological and hydrochemical components of the water ecosystems of the Lena River Delta. The seasonal variations of the run- off and important hydrochemical parameters in branches and lakes are determined. In lakes on Samoylov Island and Lena River, channels measured the carbonate system components such as carbon dioxide, hydrocarbonates, pH and dissolved organic matter. The regularity range in the spreading of CO2, hydrocarbonates, dissolved organic matter and nutrients are determined. The Carbon dioxide concentration in the channels ranges from 3 to 26 mg/ l, in the lakes it is 0.1 to 25 mg/l.
Annual variation of the carbon dioxide concentration at most lakes has a small amplitude and generally matches the annual variation hydrocarbons. The carbon dioxide amount in water bodies is not much different from the channels. The CO2 concentration varies slightly from the surface to the depth. However, the increased dissolved gas concentration noted at the main channel (25 mg/l). The lakes are characterized by no trace of a change in the concentration of CO2 with depth, but there are alkalizing and slightly acidified lakes with atypical concentration values. The absence of carbon dioxide in one of the lakes may also be explained by its eutrophication and insignificant amount of active nekton. An additional source of CO2 in the other lake might be a research station located on its shore. The low concentration of free CO2 in winter allows to predict an active absorption of atmospheric carbon dioxide during ice drift and floods in the delta.
Acknowledgements
This research was conducted within the framework of the expedition "LENA". The reported study was funded by RFBR, project number 19-34-50086 «Mobility» and by RFBR, project number 18-05-60291
«Adaptation of Arctic limnosystems under fast climate change». Hydrochemicals analyses water samples were done in Resource educational center “Chemistry” by Saint Petersburg State University and OSL of AARI, Saint Petersburg.
CONTROLS OF ORGANIC MATTER DEGRADABILITY IN THAWING HOLOCENE PERMAFROST DEPOSITS IN THE LENA DELTA,
RUSSIA
Sara E. Anthony1, Christoph Rosinger2, Janet Rethemeyer1
1Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
2Institute for Zoology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Organic matter (OM) in permafrost soils is at risk of increased microbial degradation as the climate warms. To assess lability of OM and susceptibility of organic carbon (OC) losses in a Holocene permafrost deposit, samples were collected along a 6-meter depth profile on Samoylov Island, in the Lena River Delta. A combination of 14C dating, microbial lipid analysis, and microbial respiration experiments were conducted to determine the variations in lability. Apparent 14C ages of bulk OC declined linearly in the active layer (approx. 0-80 cm) and the first approx. 100 cm of permafrost from 692 to 3988 yrs BP, while OM ages vary in 200-600 cm (approx. 3500 to 5800 yrs BP). Variations in the 200 to 600 cm range may be due to mixing and re-deposition of sediment originally deposited upstream.
Several soil variables showed a significant difference between the active layer (n=4) and permanently frozen soils (n=23). Total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) concentration, an indicator of viable microbial biomass, was significantly higher in the active layer than in the permafrost.
Total neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) concentrations, an indicator of total microbial biomass (including Eukaryotic organisms and fungi) were significantly lower in the active layer compared to the permanently frozen soils. In addition, Pwax, an indicator of dominant plant type based on alkanes reveals significant differences between the active layer and permanently frozen soils.
Total PLFA and NLFA concentrations along the entire depth profile were significantly positively correlated to total organic carbon (TOC), total inorganic carbon (TIC), total nitrogen (TN) and total sulfur (TS). While total NLFAs were correlated with water content, total PLFAs were not, and total PLFAs were negatively correlated to 14C age while total NLFAs were not. Total NLFAs were moderately correlated with total PLFAs. This suggests that the viable microbial community and more degraded OM is concentrated in the younger active layer while permafrost layers contain less degraded OM and potentially large amounts of easily degradable microbial detritus. This is also supported by the results of the respiration analysis, as respiration was strongly correlated to total NLFAs, but not correlated to total PLFAs. Microbial respiration rates are promoted by higher TOC/TN values and water contents, indicating that future climate conditions will play a strong role in carbon release from these soils.
ABOVE-GROUND PHYTOMASS AND ITS NITROGEN CONTENT IN A THERMOKARST DEPRESSION IN THE LENA DELTA:
PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Pavel Barsukov1
1Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry, Novosibirsk, Russia
During a field campaign in August 2018, we investigated a thermokarst depression on Kurungnakh Island in the Lena Delta. This depression differs from many others and has a distinctive bright green colour that is visible even on low-resolution satellite images. As recently reported by Lashchinskiy with co-authors (2020), the depression originated from a shallow thermokarst lake drained not later than 40 years ago, and its vegetation is quite a contrast to the zonal tundra in terms of its structure and floristic composition. The bottom of the depression is extremely inhomogeneous and consists of baidjarakhs and flat low sites between them.
Baidjarakhs occupy 56% of the depression area (A.A. Kartoziia, personal communication).
Our objective was to estimate the active soil layer, above-ground phytomass, and its N content in the area of the baidjarakhs. We determined the thickness of the active soil layer at 30 sites along a 35 m transect that included three baidjarakhs (n=15) and three flat low sites (n=15). The active soil layer was 44.7±1.71 cm (CV=15%) in the baidjarakhs and almost 30% less, 34.8±1.20 cm (CV=13%) in the flat low sites.
The vegetation of the baidjarakhs is quite different from the rest of the depression surface and is represented almost exclusively by one species of the Gramineae family, Arctagrostis arundinacea. Obviously, this plant species gives the bright green coloration in the spatial images.
The stock of above-ground phytomass of three baidjarakhs was 260±22.2 g m-2 (n=12, CV=30%), and root mass was 208 g m-2 (n=3), giving a total of 468 g m-2. The stock of living phytomass of typical shrubby moss-lichen tundra on the undegraded surface of the third flood terrace in the immediate vicinity of the depression was 521 g m-2 (n=3). However, due to the significantly higher nitrogen content in Arctagrostis arundinacea plants (1.95% in the above-ground part and 1.00%
in the roots), compared to typical tundra vegetation (0.65%), the nitrogen content in phytomass of baidjarakhs exceeded by 2.1 times the nitrogen stock in plants of non-eroded terrace surface (7.2 g m-2 vs 3.4 g m-2). Such a significant difference between the plant communities of typical tundra and Arctagrostis arundinacea in the content of nitrogen and, consequently, in the uptake of N by plants from soil convinces that the decomposition of SOM and probably N turnover in the soils of baidjarakhs is much faster.
The high values of above-ground plant mass (260 g m-2) obtained on baidjarakhs covered with Arctagrostis arundinacea are quite comparable with the above-ground phytomass of meadow and true steppes, the average value of which is 246 g m-2 (Titlyanova et al., 2002). Such highly productive spots (existing thousands of years in tundra) allow to agree with the hypothesis that the spots served as pastures not only for modern herbivorous animals, but also for the Pleistocene megafauna (Lashchinskiy et al., 2020).
References
Lashchinskiy NN, Kartoziia AA, Faguet AN (2020). Permafrost degradation as a supporting factor for the biodiversity of tundra ecosystems. Contemporary Problems of Ecology, 13, 401–411.
Titlyanova AA, Mironycheva-Tokareva NP, Romanova IP, Kosykh NP, Kyrgys ChS, Sambuu AD (2002) Productivity of steppes. In Steppes of Central Asia. Novosibirsk, 2002, 95-173 (in Russian).
SIBERIAN CHANGE REVEALED BY SATELLITE - DATA
COLLECTIONS OF ESA DUE GLOBPERMAFROST AND ESA CCI+
PERMAFROST
Annett Bartsch1, ESA DUE GlobPermafrost team2, ESA CCI+
Permafrost team3
1b.geos, Korneuburg, Austria
2www.globpermafrost.info
3http://cci.esa.int/Permafrost
A Permafrost Information System (PerSys) based on satellite data has been set up as part of the ESA DUE GlobPermafrost project (2016-2019, www.globpermafrost.info). This includes a data catalogue as well as a WebGIS hosted by the Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, both linked to the Pangaea repository for easy data access.
The thematic products available include InSAR-based land surface deformation maps, rock glacier velocity fields, spatially distributed permafrost model outputs, land surface properties (examples shown in Fig. 1) and changes, and ground-fast lake ice. Extended permafrost modelling (time series) is implemented in the new ESA CCI+ Permafrost project (2018-2021, http://cci.esa.int/Permafrost), which will provide the key for our understanding of the changes of surface features over time. Additional focus is on documentation of kinematics from rock glaciers in several mountain regions across the world supporting the IPA action group ‘kinematics as an essential climate variable’.
We will present the Permafrost Information System including the time series of ground temperatures and active layer thickness for the entire Arctic from the ESA CCI+ Permafrost project and results from the latest update (extension to 1997-2018). Ground temperature is calculated for 0, 1m, 2m, 5m, and 10 m depth and has been assessed based on a range of borehole data. A survey regarding data repositories containing relevant borehole data has been conducted. The records have been evaluated for the project purpose and harmonized.
Fig. 1: View of WebGIS over Siberia – GlobPermafrost results. Background – permafrost extent (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.888600). Western Siberia – vegetation height (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.897045), eastern Siberia – transect of Landsat trends (https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.884137)
LOW IMPACT OF LATERAL CARBON EXPORT ON NET
ECOSYSTEM CARBON BALANCE OF A POLYGONAL TUNDRA CATCHMENT
Lutz Beckebanze1,2, Benjamin R. K.
Runkle1,3, Josefine Walz1,4, Christian Wille5, David Holl1,2, Manuel Helbig1,6, Irina Fedorova7, Julia Boike8,9, Torsten Sachs5, Lars Kutzbach1,2
1Institute of Soil Science, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
2Center for Earth System Research and Sustainability (CEN), Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
3Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA
4Climate Impacts Research Centre, Institute for Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Abisko, Sweden
5Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam – Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum (GFZ), Potsdam, Germany
6Department of Physics & Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
7Institute of Earth Sciences, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
8Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
9Department of Geography, Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
Permafrost soils contain a large quantity of soil organic carbon (SOC) potentially available for decomposition, and its permanence depends on the net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), including both vertical and lateral fluxes. In most polygonal tundra landscapes, the CO2 flux is known to be a sink on the annual scale, but less is known about the role of lateral carbon flows.
To fill this gap, we present and contextualize lateral export rates from a polygonal tundra site in northern Siberia, Russia. Furthermore, we present the vertical carbon (C) fluxes of CO2 and CH4
from this study site. Thus, we derive the NECB in one growing season.
The results show cumulative lateral DIC and DOC fluxes of 0.25 – 0.28 and 0.05 – 0.06 g C m-2, respectively, during the observation period (8 June – 8 September). The vertical fluxes of CO2
and CH4 accumulate to -19.0 ± 1.2 and 1.1 ± 0.02 g C m-2, respectively. The lateral carbon export thus represents 1.6 – 1.8% of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE). However, the relationship between lateral and vertical fluxes changed over the observation period. At the beginning of the growing season (early June), the lateral carbon flux outpaces the vertical CO2 flux, causing the polygonal tundra landscape to be a carbon source at this time of the year. With ongoing growing season, the vertical CO2 flux dominates the NECB.
We conclude that lateral carbon fluxes can have a considerable influence on the NECB on short time scales (days), especially during the early growing season. However, their impact decreases on seasonal time scales. Therefore, the vertical carbon flux can be seen as a good approximation for the NECB of this study site on the time scale of months.
PROTECTION OF PERMAFROST SOILS FROM THAWING BY INCREASING HERBIVORE DENSITY
Christian Beer1,2,3, Nikita Zimov4, Johan Olofsson5, Philip Porada1,2,6, Sergey Zimov4
1Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, Sweden
2Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Sweden
3Institute of Soil Science, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Germany
4North-East Scientific Station, Pacific Institute for Geography, Far-East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Cherskii, Russia
5Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Umeå University, Sweden
6Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, Department Biology, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, Germany
Climate change will cause a substantial future greenhouse gas release from warming and thawing permafrost-affected soils to the atmosphere enabling a positive feedback mechanism. Increasing the population density of big herbivores in northern high-latitude ecosystems will increase snow density and hence decrease the insulation strength of snow during winter. Consequently, theoretically 80% of current permafrost-affected soils (< 10m) are projected to remain until 2100 even when assuming a strong warming using the Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5.
Importantly, permafrost temperature is estimated to remain below -4°C on average after increasing herbivore population density. Such ecosystem management practices would be therefore theoretically an important additional climate change mitigation strategy. Our results also highlight the importance of new field experiments and observations, and the integration of fauna dynamics into complex Earth System models, in order to reliably project future ecosystem functions and the climate.
PERMAFROST RATE OF THE SIBERIAN ARCTIC
Dmitry Bolshiyanov1, Julia Boike2, Sergei Pravkin1
1FSBI “Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute”, St. Petersburg, Russia
2Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
Conclusions about tendencies of climate or permafrost rates are possible on the basis of long series observations only. Such long permafrost observations in the Arctic are rare and continuing in some places. The rate of active layer thickness measurements on Samoylov Island (Lena River Delta) consists of 18 years (2002-2019). The same measurements in the lower Kolyma River region are being conducted since 1997 (Veremeeva, 2017). Measurements of active layer thickness on Bolshevik Island (Cape Baranov, Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago) started in 2016 only. Obvious tendency to the growth of active layer thickness shows the short Bolshevik Island rate. But if to think of rates from Lena River and Kolyma River regions, there is now tendency to permafrost getting warmer in the Arctic. There are fluctuations of active layer thickness with the period of 7-10 years. The warmest summer in Siberian Arctic was in 2020. Next summer will be much colder, and the tendency to thicker active layer will change to the opposite trend, as it was at some times during the period of observations.
Fig. 1. Dynamics of active layer thickness in the Kolyma lowland (cape Chukochy), Lena River Delta (Samoylov Island) and Bolshevik Island (Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago).
References
Boike J, Nitzbon J, Anders K, Grigoriev M, Bolshiyanov D, Langer M, Lange S, Bornemann N,
Morgenstern A, Schreiber P, Wille C, Chadburn S, Gouttevin I, Burke E, Kutzbach L (2019). A 16-year record (2002-2017) of permafrost, active layer and meteorological conditions at the Samoylov Island Arctic permafrost research site, Lena River delta, northern Siberia: an opportunity to validate remote- sensing data and land surface, snow and permafrost models. Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 11, 261–299.
https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-11-261-2019
Veremeeva AA (2017). Formation and modern dynamics of lake – thermokarst relief in the tundra zone of Kolyma Lowland by satellite data. Dissertation. Puschino. 134 pp. (in Russian)
