Supplementary Material
Supplementary Table 1. Baseline Characteristics for the study population; in individuals with MPR ≤ 80 % and > 80 %, and in discontinuers and continuers of lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) 36 months after initiation of LLT.
Variables
36 months of LLT
MPR ≤ 80 N = 3,169
MPR> 80 N = 2,953
Discontinuers N = 2,577
Continuer s N = 3,545
Patient characteristics
Age, years 42 ± 12 48 ± 12 42 ± 12 47 ± 12
Gender male 1,855 (58) 1,668 (56) 1,490 (58) 2,033 (57)
Diabetes duration, years 27 ± 13 31 ± 13 27 ± 13 31 ± 13
BMI, kg/m2 26.4 ± 4.3 26.3 ± 4.1 26.4 ± 4.4 26.3 ± 4.1
Smokers 375 (15) 272 (11) 313 (16) 334 (11)
Physically inactive 478 (23) 403 (20) 392 (24) 489 (20) Biomarkers
HbA1c, mmol/mol HbA1c NGSP %
67 ± 14 8.3 ± 3.4
64 ± 13 8.0 ± 3.4
67 ± 14 8.3 ± 3.4
64 ±13 8.0 ±3.3 Systolic blood pressure,
mmHg
128 ± 16 131 ± 15 129 ± 16 130 ± 15 Diastolic blood pressure,
mmHg
75 ± 9 74 ± 9 75 ± 10 74 ± 9
LDL-cholesterol, mmol/L 3.4 ± 0.8 3.2 ± 0.7 3.4 ± 0.8 3.3 ± 0.7 HDL-cholesterol, mmol/L 1.6 ± 0.5 1.6 ± 0.5 1.6 ± 0.5 1.6 ± 0.5 Triglycerides, mmol/L 1.3 ± 1.0 1.1 ± 0.7 1.3 ± 1.0 1.2 ± 0.7
eGFR, mL/min 94 ± 26 88 ± 24 93 ± 26 90 ± 24
Treatment
Multiple Daily Injection 1,932 (84) 1,923 (84) 1,561 (84) 2,294 (84) Insulin Pump Therapy 374 (16) 375 (16) 296 (16) 453 (16) Antihypertensive medication 1,050 (33) 1,553 (53) 868 (34) 1,735 (49)
ASA 365 (12) 606 (20) 292 (11) 679 (19)
Previous disease
CVD 218 (7.0) 333 (11.3) 199 (7.7) 352 (9.9)
Abbreviations: MPR, Medication Possession Ratio; BMI, Body Mass Index; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin (A1c); LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate;
ASA; acetylsalicylic acid; CVD, cardiovascular disease
Physically inactive equals low physical activity with exercise of 30 minutes less than once a week Data are presented as means ±SD for continuous variables, and N (%) for categorical variables.
Supplementary Table 2: Frequency of lipid-lowering therapy in the overall cohort
LLT at index Frequency Percent
Simvastatin 5,846 94.41
Pravastatin 26 0.42
Fluvastatin 9 0.15
Atorvastatin 210 3.39
Rosuvastatin 41 0.66
Bezafibrate 1 0.02
Gemfibrozil 9 0.15
Fenofibrate 6 0.10
Nicotinic acid 4 0.06
Nicotinic
acid/Laropiprant 1 0.02
Ezetimibe 39 0.63
Total 6,192 100
Supplementary Table 3. Impact of gender, age, socioeconomic parameters, smoking habits, and physical activity on MPR at 18 and 36 months.
Variables
MPR >80 18 months
OR (95% CI) p-value
MPR >80 36 months
OR (95% CI) p-value Gender
Female 1.05 [1.02, 1.08] 0.0005 1.01 [0.98, 1.04] 0.46 Age group (yrs.)
37–44 1.05 [1.01, 1.09] 0.007 1.09 [1.05, 1.14] <0.0001 45–53 1.15 [1.11, 1.2] <0.0001 1.19 [1.15, 1.24] <0.0001
>53 1.25 [1.2, 1.3] <0.0001 1.3 [1.24, 1.35] <0.0001 Marital status
Unmarried 0.99 [0.96, 1.02] 0.49 0.97 [0.94, 1.0] 0.06 Divorced 0.93 [0.89, 0.97] 0.0005 0.93 [0.89, 0.97] 0.0007 Widowed 0.87 [0.77, 0.97] 0.017 0.94 [0.84, 1.06] 0.30 Education
10–12 years 1.0 [0.96, 1.04] 0.92 0.99 [0.95, 1.03] 0.54 College/Universit
y 1.02 [0.98, 1.06] 0.41 1.0 [0.96, 1.04] 0.99
Income
Q2 1.02 [0.98, 1.06] 0.35 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] 0.10
Q3 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] 0.13 1.05 [1.01, 1.09] 0.02
Q4 1.02 [0.98, 1.06] 0.0.35 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] 0.18
Country of origin
Born in Sweden 1.07 [1.02, 1.13] 0.01 1,1 [1.05, 1.16] 0.0002 Previous CVD
Yes 1.06 [1.01, 1.11] 0.03 1.05 [1.00, 1.11] 0.03
Lifestyle habits
Smoking 0.93 [0.89, 0.97] 0.0004 0.94 [0.90, 0.98] 0.002 Physically inactive 0.99 [0.95, 1.03] 0.56 0.96 [0.93, 1.00] 0.03 Odds ratios adjusted for all baseline covariates. References: age groups compared to individuals <36 years, marital status to married, educational level to elementary school, and income to the lowest quartile of income. Born in Sweden compared to born outside of Sweden. Physically inactive equals low physical activity with exercise of 30 minutes less than once a week.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; OR, odds ratio; Q, quartile
Supplementary Table 4. Association between gender, age, socioeconomic parameters, smoking habits and physical activity and discontinuation at 18 and 36 months.
Variables
Discontinuation 18 months
OR (95% CI) p-value
Discontinuation 36 months
OR (95% CI) p-value Gender
Female 0.95 [0.93, 0.98] 0.0004 0.99 [0.96, 1.01] 0.30 Age group (yrs.)
37–44 0.94 [0.91, 0.98] 0.0015 0.91 [0.87, 0.94] <0.0001 45–53 0.90 [0.86, 0.93] <0.0001 0.85 [0.82, 0.89] <0.0001
>53 0.85 [0.82, 0.89] <0.0001 0.80 [0.77, 0.84] <0.0001 Marital status
Unmarried 1.01 [0.98, 1.04] 0.36 1.03 [1.0, 1.07] 0.04 Divorced 1.06 [1.02, 1.11] 0.003 1.09 [1.05, 1.14] 0.0001 Widowed 1.03 [0.92, 1.15] 0.60 1.10 [0.98, 1.25] 0.10 Education
10–12 years 1.01 [0.98, 1.05] 0.56 1.02 [0.98, 1.06] 0.35 College/Universit
y
0.99 [0.95, 1.03] 0.71 1.01 [0.97, 1.06] 0.52 Income
Q2 0.98 [0.94, 1.01] 0.17 0.97 [0.93, 1.01] 0.12
Q3 0.95 [0.91, 0.98] 0.006 0.93 [0.89, 0.96] 0.0002
Q4 0.94 [0.90, 0.98] 0.002 0.92 [0.88, 0.96] 0.0001
Country of origin
Born in Sweden 0.92 [0.87, 0.96] 0.0007 0.89 [0.84, 0.93] <0.0001 Previous CVD
Yes 1.00 [0.95, 1.05] 0.98 1.00 [0.95, 1.05] 0.98
Lifestyle habits
Smoking 1.06 [1.02, 1.11] 0.008 1.06 [1.02, 1.11] 0.008 Physically inactive 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] 0.11 1.03 [0.99, 1.07] 0.11 Odds ratios adjusted for all baseline covariates. References: age groups compared to individuals <36 years, marital status to married, educational level to elementary school, income to the lowest quartile of income and born in Sweden compared to born outside of Sweden. Physically inactive equals low physical activity with exercise of 30 minutes less than once a week.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; OR, odds ratio; Q, quartile
