Part I - Installing And Using Bluetooth Introduction
Installing the software Installing device drivers Setup the software
Search for Bluetooth devices Object Push and File Transfer LAN access
Dialup networking Questioner
Installing Bluetooth and WLAN
In this exercise you will
• install the software for an ANYCOM Bluetooth controller and try to connect to different Bluetooth devices and
• install the software for a Cisco Aironet 350 WLAN 802.11b controller and connect to the Wireless LAN in our virtual laboratory.
To the exercise
INTRODUCTION
.
192.168.30.159
192.168.30.98
VHB21 is your exercise computer to which you are connected via the Windows Remote Console Interface.
You have two possible Bluetooth clients: Modem and VHB12. VHB12 is another Windows computer with the same Bluetooth interface as the exercise computer.
INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE
You will see the following window on your screen, after the exercise system has come up. It means that the system has discovered the USB Bluetooth adapter and wants to install the software.
192.168.30.0 Bluetooth PC vhb12 Modem
PC vhb21 Bluetooth
Click on CANCLE, because the software for the Bluetooth device has to be installed in a different manner.
Use RUN from the Start menu to install the needed software. You can find the software in C:\ANYCOM\anycom-bluetooth-usb100-windows-v…exe.
Click on INSTALL to continue the installation.
Click on NEXT to continue the installation.
Select the field I ACCEPT THE TERMS… and click on NEXT to continue the installation.
Click on NEXT to continue the installation.
The following window is displayed shortly and tells you that the software installation has begun.
Click on OK to accept and continue the installation.
Enter the Security Code and Click on OK. You do not have to type the numbers manually. Instead you can copy and paste the four groups of numbers straight from this web page.
Code: 786f3643 6b636948 36547739 502c4360
Click on FINISH. The software is installed now.
INSTALLING DEVICE DRIVERS
In the right down corner of the task bar, you can find the Bluetooth symbol. The red color in the symbol indicated that something is wrong.
Move the mouse over the icon and you can see further information. The problem is that no Bluetooth device has been found. That’s because we only have installed the software, but we have not installed any drivers for the hardware.
Open the DEVICE MANAGER. You can do that with right click on MY COMPUTER and select MANAGE.
In the Device Manager you can see, that a USB device is in trouble. This USB device is our Bluetooth adapter.
Right click on the USB device in trouble and select UPDATE DRIVER.
Choose INSTALL…AUTOMATICALLY and click on NEXT. The drivers can be found automatically on the computer’s hard disk.
The following window shows, that the installation of the driver has been successfully.
Click FINISH and continue to finish the device driver installation.
In the Device Manager window you can see, that the Bluetooth device has been recognized and no further trouble is indicated.
Close the COMPUTER MANAGEMENT window now.
SETUP THE SOFTWARE
Now the Bluetooth software has to be set up
Double click on the Bluetooth icon at the desk top. The first time a Configuration Wizard is started.
Click on NEXT.
Click on NEXT.
The following window shows the Bluetooth services this computer can offer to other Bluetooth systems. You can find more information about Bluetooth services in the Theory part of this course.
The Dial-up Networking service is not pre selected, because there is no modem installed on this exercise computer which can be shared over Bluetooth.
Do not change the preconfigured settings and click on NEXT.
After the software has been configured, the area around is searched for other Bluetooth devices. At least VHB12 and a Bluetooth Modem should be found.
Click on SEARCH AGAIN if not at least both of the devices above are found.
Continue with the exercise even when one ore both of them are not found, because they can be searched again at a later time.
Click on CANCLE to finish the Configuration Wizard.
But the configuration of the Bluetooth software is not finished yet.
Right click on the Bluetooth icon in the task bar and select ADVANCED CONFIGURATION.
The following window allows you a lot of settings for the Bluetooth software. Some of them are important and should be explained more deeply.
Accessibility
Let other Bluetooth devices discover this computer makes exactly what it says. If you unselect this option, other Bluetooth systems around are not able to find your system. This is a very important security feature which you can use in your private environment to protect your system against “Bluejacking”.
You also can define, which other Bluetooth devices are allowed to access this computer. The allowance restricts the access for client services (=client applications) as well as for local services. The hardware addresses of Bluetooth devices are used for this filtering.
Select LET OTHER BLUETOOTH….. and open the next register.
Discovery
With this menu you can set up the time, when the exercise system should search for other Bluetooth devices. Search all 10 Minutes is sufficient.
Select LOOK FOR OTHER…. and click on APPLY and open the next register.
Local Services
With this menu you can control which services (=profiles) this computer can offer to other Bluetooth devices. This might lead also to a security problem, when others can access this computer without allowance. If services are not needed, they should be disabled completely.
Services which must be shared should use pairing. So you will be informed when someone wants to access your system. And you also can restrict the access to the hardware addresses of other Bluetooth devices.
Do not change the predefined settings and open the next menu.
Client Application
In this menu you can control which Bluetooth applications (=profiles) you want to use with other Bluetooth devices. The list shows all profiles which are implemented in the current software. You can choose whether the profiles should be started automatically or manually or should be disabled.
You can also select whether PAIRING is needed for a Bluetooth connection. If pairing is needed, a private PIN code must be entered on both sides of the desired link before a
connection can be established. You always should use pairing in your own environment!
However it might be necessary that pairing has to disabled sometimes. Our Bluetooth modem i. e. can not operate with pairing at all.
In our virtual laboratory we can not use pairing, because it is not possible to enter the pairing PIN code from a remote side on both ends of a link. That is the only reason why you have to disable pairing on all client applications on this exercise computer.
Select PIM ITEM TRANSFER and click on PROPERTIES.
Deselect SECURE CONNECTION.
Select SAVE TO FOLDER when Business Cards are received. This is necessary for a later exercise.
Also select all the other applications and change the PROPERTIES to a NONE SECURE CONNECTION. This is necessary for all the other exercises, because you can enter the pairing PIN code only on the side of the exercise computer.
Click on APPLY and then on OK.
The pairing is also disabled on the other systems to which you will make Bluetooth
connections. If a pairing or security code is needed during the following exercises, you should check the settings above.
SEARCHING FOR BLUETOOTH DEVICES
Now you can search the area for other Bluetooth devices.
Right click on the Bluetooth icon in the task bar and choose EXPLORE MY BLUETOOTH DEVICES.
Open the Bluetooth menu and choose SEARCH FOR DEVICES. The system starts searching for other Bluetooth device within an area of 10 meters.
You can repeat the searching from time to time to update the current Bluetooth environment.
Right click on the Bluetooth device VHB12 and choose DISCOVER AVAILABLE SERVICES. Then the system gets information about the profiles the desired device offers. VHB12 is another computer with the same Bluetooth adapter as the exercise system and the same software and is configured to offer some services without pairing.
The services above should be offered by VHB12. If not, repeat the last step and discover the available services again.
OBJECT PUSH AND FILE TRANSFER
This exercise will transmit a business card to another Bluetooth device using the OPP profile.
Right click on the PIM ITEM TRANSFER icon from the available services of VHB12. The business card from VHB12 is transferred to the Exchange Folder of the exercise computer.
Open the BLUETOOTH menu and select BLUETOOTH EXCHANGE FOLDER.
The Exchange Folder is a subdirectory in the private files area of a user and is used for files to receive and send over Bluetooth. Usually it is not possible for a remote
Bluetooth device to access other directories than this. This is an additional security.
Open the file VhbAdministrator.vcf to read the business card. Please recognize the path to the Bluetooth File Exchange directory.
Please stay in that directory for the file transfer exercise.
Create a new text file. To do this, right click somewhere in the folder area, choose NEW and select TEXT DOCUMENT. Name the file as you like.
Edit the text file. To do this right click on the file and choose EDIT.
Click on BACK to go back to the available services of VHB12.
Click on FILE TRANSFER ON VHB12… and choose OPEN.
The file from the Exchange Folder of VHB12 is transferred to the exercise computer and stored in a newly created Exchange Folder for VHB12.
Open the received file from VHB12. To do this, right click to the file and choose OPEN. Now you can read the file
Close the Editor and go back to the available services for VHB12.
LAN ACCESS
In this exercise you can open a LAN connection to the computer VHB12 and access the web pages there like you would do with a normal network connection. It is also possible to share files and printer over a LAN connection. The connection is done using RFCOMM and PPP. It is not the same like BNEP.
Go to the available services of VHB12 windows
Click one NETWORK ACCESS ON VHB12… and select CONNECT TO NETWORK ACCESS POINT.
In the current version of the Bluetooth software it is not possible to disable pairing for LAN services due to security reasons. So we paired them already and allowed all LAN connection from the exercise system to VHB12 in the future.
So the following display should NOT appear on the screen.
If it appears, click on the Bluetooth icon in the task bar and see the next window.
Click on OK without entering any Bluetooth PIN Code. By the way, this is the dialog box which is used when pairing is activated for a connection.
The Network Access on VHB12 icon should look like the following picture. The green arrows indicate that the connection is available.
Before the LAN connection can be used, the necessary IP parameters must be set using the same network setup dialogs you know from other network cards.
Click on START, choose CONNECT TO and choose SHOW ALL CONNECTIONS.
Click on BLUETOOTH NETWORK and select PROPERTIES.
Enter the IP address 192.168.30.98 and the Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 Then click OK.
Now the LAN connection should work. You can reach the host 192.168.30.159 (VHB12) .
Open the Command Prompt and enter PING 192.168.30.159
Open the Internet Browser and enter the URL http://192.168.30.159/bt . You should get a web page from VHB12.
Go back to the available services on VHB12.
Right click on NETWORK ACCESS ON VHB12… and choose DISCONNECT NETWORK ACCESS. The arrows in the icon should turn to red.
DIAL UP NETWORKING
This exercise shows how to use the DUN profile.
After the Bluetooth modem has been discovered during the search process, a local Modem has been installed in the exercise computer. You must make some settings in the Device Manager for that modem.
Open the Device Manager, choose the Bluetooth Modem and select PROPERTIES.
Deselect the WAIT FOR DIALTONE… This is needed, because the Bluetooth modem is connected to a PBX that can not deliver a normal dial tone.
Open the Bluetooth Application and search for the Bluetooth modem, if it is not found already
.
Right click on Bluetooth Modem and choose CONNECT DIAL-UP NETWORKING.
The DUN connection to the modem is established without pairing. No PIN number is
required. The Connect dialog which you know from other modems is opened, like the modem would be directly connected to the exercise computer.
Enter User name: kurs without a password.
Enter Dial number 11 Click on DIAL.
Click on YES.
If the remote modem is not busy, you should get a connection.
Open the Command Prompt and enter PING 192.168.10.159
Open the internet browser and enter the URL: http://192.168.10.159/bt
Now the exercises for Bluetooth are at the end. We can not show you more profiles due to technical restrictions in our virtual laboratory.
QUESTIONER
Now you should be able to answer some questions about Bluetooth that you have learned in these exercises:
(1) What is the difference between local services and client applications?
(2) What is pairing?
(3) What is a profile
(4) What is the Exchange Folder?
(5) What means LAN, DUN, OPP?
(6) How can I know, which profiles a device offers?
(7) How can I control the profiles which my computer offers?
(8) How can I extend security in my Piconet?
Part II - Installing WLAN 802.11b Introduction
Setup the Wireless Network Connection Update the Device Driver
Using WEP encryption Installing CISCO Software Using Profiles
Using Aironet Client Utility Questioner
INTRODUCTION
.
192.168.20.159 192.168. 20.20
192.168.20.98
VHB21 is your exercise computer to which you are connected via the Windows Remote Console Interface.
You have two possible WLAN clients: VHB12 and an ACESS POINT which is connected to the Ethernet within the same IP subnet. VHB12 is another Windows computer with WLAN access.
vhbWLAN21 192.168.20.0
PC vhb12
PC vhb2!
WLAN
Cisco AP 350
SETUP THE WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION
If you see this window from above on your screen, after the exercise system has been started, click on CANCLE, because the software for the Bluetooth device is not needed here.
When the exercise computer is started, the windows operating system recognizes the installed WLAN adapter card (Cisco Aironet 350) and installs the drivers automatically.
It seems that all we have to do is to set up the network properties for the wireless network connection.
Click on START, choose CONNECT TO and select SHOW ALL CONNECTIONS.
Click on WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION and select PROPERTIES.
Select the INTERNET PROPTOCOL and click on PROPERTIES.
Set the IP properties like they are in the picture above. We do not use a DHCP to
distribute IP addresses automatically in our WLAN. Because DHCP could also offer an IP address to unwelcome users in our WLAN.
In the right down corner of the task bar, you find the network icon for the wireless network connection.
Right click on the WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION ICON in the task bar and select VIEW AVAILABLE WIRELESS NETWORKS.
You will find at least VHBWLAN21. This is the WLAN which we need for this exercise.
There could be other WLANs available but they belong to other exercises. Please do not use them.
Select VHBWLAN21 and ALLOW ME… and click on CONNECT.
Open the Command Prompt and enter IPCONFIG. The information you see should look like the picture above.
The problem is, that the Wireless Network Connection adapter reports the media
disconnected. This means, that the exercise computer could not enter into vhbwlan21. The reason is unclear.
The first thing we could do is to update the WLAN driver in the next exercise.
UPDATE THE DEVICE DRIVER
We have seen, that the exercise computer has still no connection to vhbwlan21. It could be because the device driver is to old.
Right click on the WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION ICON in the task bar and select OPEN NETWORK CONNECTIONS.
Click on CONFIGURE.
You can see that the driver is from the year 2001, but the installed firmware in the adapter has been updated by us in 2004 with the current version. It seems that the driver is too old.
Click on UPDATE DRIVER.
Select INSTALL FROM A LIST… and click on NEXT.
You can find the newest driver in C:\CISCO\PCI-PCM\XP. Select this location and click on NEXT.
Click on FINSIH to finish the installation.
After the installation of the new device driver has been finished, you can see the following displayed for some seconds, telling you that the vhbwlan21 has been found.
You can also see that the new driver is from CISCO now and is much newer.
Open the Command Prompt and enter IPCONFIG. The information you see should look like the picture above.
The problem is, that the Wireless Network Connection adapter still reports the Media
disconnected. This means, that the vhbwlan21 could not be entered. The reason might be the missing WEP key.
So we have to enter the WEP key in the next exercise.
USING WEP ENCRYPTION
In this exercise we will see how to use WEP encryption in windows systems.
Right click on the WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION ICON in the task bar and select VIEW AVAILABLE NETWORKS.
Click on ADVANCED.
Select the VHBWLAN21 and click on CONFIGURE.
The WEP key which is used in VHBWLAN21 is the following:
KEY: 00491009418332000130900000
Do not enter the WEP key manually because it will not work, when the key has been mistyped. You can use copy and paste.
Select Data encryption: WEP and enter the WEP key from above using copy and paste method. Then click on OK.
You can see again for some seconds that the vhbwlan21 is available.
Open the Command Prompt and enter IPCONFIG. The information you see should look like in the picture above. Now the wireless network connection is up and running.
Open the Command Prompt and enter PING 192.168.20.159. This host should now be reachable.
INSTALLING CISCO SOFTWARE
Instead using the WLAN software from Microsoft, you can also use the software from Cisco systems.
Use RUN (from Start menu) and start the CISCO software installer in C:\CISCO\IWSetup.exe.
Use EXPRESS INSTALLATION and click on NEXT.
Click on NO. It is not necessary to reboot the system.
However if you need to reboot the system some time, you MUST USE the Reboot link on the Desktop of the exercise computer. Otherwise all the installed software will be removed and a fresh blank system will start up.
Click on START chose CONNECT TO and select SHOW ALL CONNECTIONS.
Select WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION and chose PROPERTIES.
IP properties have to be setup like in the picture above. If not you have to do it.
Now we lost the connection to vhbwlan21. We can use the Cisco Aironet Client Utility in the next exercise to set up a profile for the wirless connection.
USING PROFILES
We can use the Aironet Client Utility (ACU) to set up a profile for the desired wlan connection. In the profile we can set up all necessary information to gain access to the vhbwlan21.
Right click on the green icon in the taskbar and select LAUNCH AIRONET CLIENT UTILITY.
Open the PROFILE MANAGER.
Enter LOCAL. This will be the name of the new profile which you will create. Then click on ADD.
Enter SSID1: vhbwlan21.
Open the next register RF Network
Unselect SCAN FOR A BETTER ACCESS POINT.
Set the TRANSMITT POWER to 1 mW. This reduces the area in which the signals can be received. This can help to protect a WLAN from unauthorized access because it can not be seen in a far distance. A power of 1 mW is enough for some meters of distance. It is not necessary to receive our signals all over the campus.
Open the next register Network Security
Select STATIC WEP encryption.
Click on STATIC WEP KEYS…
KEY: 00491009418332000130900000
Do not enter the WEP key manually because it will not work, when the key has been mistyped. You can use copy and paste.
Select TRANSMIT KEY field.
Select WEP KEY SIZE of 128.
Enter the WEP key. Use copy and paste method.
Click on OK.
Click on OK to go back to the profile manger windows (see next picture).
Click on APPLY to activate the current profile.
Click on OK to leave that menu. Please stay in the ACU.
USING AIRONET CLIENT UTILITY
Click on STATUS.
You should see the Status Window. It should look like the picture above.
You should have an excellent net work connection, the Status should be Associated.
The SSID should be vhbwlan21. This means that the exercise computer is associated to that WLAN.
The current power level should be 1 mW and the current link speed should 11 Mbps.
Click on OK leave the Status Window In the ACU click on STATISTICS.
You can see a lot of statistic information. It tells you how good is the wireless LAN.
Because we have also other WLANs and Bluetooth networks in the same area of our virtual laboratory, it is normal that a lot of PLCP CRC Errors and MAC CRC Errors are reported.
After you have read the WLAN theory chapters, you should be able to understand and interpret the different Informations displayed here.
Open the Command Prompt and enter PING 192.168.20.159 to test the network connection.
Open the Internet browser and enter the URL: http://192.168.20.159/wlan . You should get a web page.
This is the end of the WLAN exercise. Please answer the questions in the next chapter.
QUESTIONER
Now you should be able to answer some questions about WLAN that you have learned in this exercises:
(1) How is a WLAN adapter card setup?
(2) What is WEP?
(3) How much Bit for the WEP key did we use?
(4) Where can you enter the WEP key?
(5) In which WLAN was the exercise system associated?
(6) How good was the signal quality?
(7) What were the most Errors you could find in the ACU statistics?
(8) Why did we reduce the signal power?
