Transgenerational temperature effects in the kelp Laminaria digitata

Transgenerational temperature effects in the kelp Laminaria digitata

Daniel Liesner, Lisa N.S. Shama, Nora Diehl, Klaus Valentin, Inka Bartsch

Gradual warming and heatwaves

threaten temperate kelp populations.

Transgenerational plasticity

environment

p e rf o rma n c e parent

F1 F1

TGP: interactive effects of

parental and offspring environment on offspring phenotype

Mousseau & Fox (1998). The adaptive significance of maternal effects. Trends Ecol. Evolut.

3

Does adaptive TGP prime kelp offspring for higher

temperatures across life cycle stages?

Experimental design

5 °C 15 °C

F0

F1

Gameto- genesis

Early

Late

2-3 wk

3-4 mo

12

d

Growth Biochemistry PAM Fluorometry

• Mannitol

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Fv/Fm

• rETR

• I

• α

Experimental design

5

Hypothesis:

Adaptive TGP for parental gametogenesis temperature.

Field material: Reaction norm

Field meristems grow faster at

15 °C

***

***

TGP: Growth

TGP:

Beneficial effect of 5 °C gametogenesis

on growth.

7

* ***

Mean ± SD, N=4 for 5 strains

TGP: Mannitol

Mannitol ~2x higher in

L 5 °C.

***

TGP: Nitrogen

Nitrogen higher in

L 5 °C.

TGP ~ growth

9

*

***

Mean ± SD, N=4 for 5 strains

Synthesis

C ^C N ^N

TGP: Beneficial growth effects following cold parental treatment.

No adaptive TGP regarding warm temperature.

F F

0 5 10 15 20

J an Fe b M ar A pr M ay J un J ul A ug S ep O ct Nov Dec

°C

Helgoland mean SST 2017-18

Outlook

Bartsch et al. (2013). Prevailing sea surface temperatures inhibit summer reproduction of the ... J. Phycol.

Martins et al. (2017). Interactions of daylength, temperature and nutrients affect thresholds ... Bot. Mar.

Wiltshire et al. (2008). Resilience of North Sea phytoplankton spring bloom dynamics. PANGAEA 2004

11

Re l. s o ru s s ta g e [%]

Importance of cold refuge during winter!

S po ro p hy tes [cm

]

Temperature [°C]

5 10 15

Thank you!

@lies_nerd

Personal thanks to:

Kai Bischof

Gernot Glöckner Gareth Pearson Neusa Martins Ulf Karsten Juliane Müller Angelika Graiff Mathias Wegner Andreas Wagner Claudia Daniel Pia Pickenbrock We thank

for funding within the ERA-Net Cofund

program MARFOR

(ANR-16-EBI3-0005-01)

Further work:

1. Ecotypic differentiation along the European latitudinal gradient

2. Parent-specific inheritance patterns