Kathmandu stratigraphic

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(1)Geographica Helvetica 1975. -. Nr.. 1. V.J.Gupta. On the stratigraphic Position of the Kathmandu Valley Sediments, Nepal. Dieser Artikel bildet eine Ergänzung zum Bei¬ ments are intercalated with thick bands of trag von Boesch, H.: "Untersuchungen zur lignite and these are best exposed near Lokun¬ Morphogenese im Katmandu Valley", Heft 1/74. dol, Balambu, Phurlong, Gangotikhola and Lagentole. The hard clay bands overlying the Abstract: The stratigraphic position of the lignite beds near Lokundol (adjoining ChapaKathmandu Valley Sediments is discussed and gaon at the head portion of Nakhukhola) have these have been correlated with the Karewa yielded remains of vertebrate fossils which Formation of Kashmir. include Hexaprotodon sivalensis, Arkidiskodon planifrons, Stegodon ganesa, Crocodylus sp. Zusammenfassung: Die stratigraphische Stel¬ The fauna is identical to the one described lung der Sedimente des Kathmandu Tals wird from the Upper Karewa Formation of Kashmir diskutiert und mit der Karewa Formation von and Pinjaur Formation of Siwaliks. The fossils Kashmir verglichen und korreliert. are indicative of a Lower Pleistocene age, The Kathmandu valley constitutes one of the but the possibility that they represent in parts most important areas of the Kingdom of Nepal a pliocene succession can not be ruled out. The and occupies an area of 30 x 25 km. The major thickness of the lignite seams varies from 1,0 part of the valley is covered by plio-pleistocene to 1,5 meters; the seams dip towards the cent¬ and recent Sediments; its average elevation is re of the basin. 1340 meters. To the north of the valley lies the The upper parts of the Kathmandu valley Sedi¬ Sheopuri Lekh (2689m. consisting of precamb- ments are essentially Sandy and silty with rian granites, whereas the Southern parts are intercalations of carbonaceous and diatomaceous bordered by the Phulchauki Range (3132m. clays. The Sediments in the northern part of the valley were derived from the Sheopuri comprising Sediments ranging in age from Precambrian to Devonian. In the eastern and Granite. The Sediments of the southern part western parts of the valley there are passes of of the valley comprise pebbly clay conglomelow lying ridges (180Qm.) near Thankot and rates and diatomaceous earth. The conglomeSanga Bhanjyang. The Kathmandu valley is rates are quartzitic in nature and the diatoma¬ drained by the Bagmati River and its tributaries ceous white clay contains monocotyledonous like Bishnumati, Manohra, Dhobikhola, Hanuy and dicotyledonous plant fragments. The Se¬ mante and Nakhukhola. After passing through diments near Harisidhi consist of several eyethe centre of the valley, the Bagmati River cuts les of gravel, powdery Sandy soil and clay. The upper part of the succession which has a through a narrow gorge of Chobhar Limestone in the south. The Kathmandu valley is a tecvery wide distribution throughout the valley tonic valley of the synclinorium type controlled is also intercalated with bands of peat as weH by trough faults in the central part. The geo¬ as clay diatomaceous earth, butthe thickness of these is much less if compared with the morphology of the Kathmandu valley has been discussed in detaü by YONECH1 (1973) and lower part of the succession. The carbonaceous BOESCH (1974) and for detailed maps of the black clays are associated with the diatomaceous white clay and are being used as fertilizer all area the reader is referred to these publications. over the valley. This clay is locally known as "Kalimati" and it is so abundant in the area Kathmandu Valley Sediments across Bishnumati in Kathmandu on the KathThe Kathmandu valley Sediments are of fluvioroad that this area is geographimandu-Thankot lacustrine nature and consist of clays, sand named "Kalimati". The peat and lignite cally clays, silts, micaceous sandstones, carbonace- bands in the upper part of the succession conous clays, peat and lignite. These are well and these vary in thickness tain tissues plant exposed near the Tribhawn Air Port, Pashupat30 cms. to one meter. These are being from nath temple, opposite the Guneshwaridevi tempmined locally for brick burning. At several le, Lovenkhel, Lokundol, Hariäidhi, Khumbolplaces in the central part of the Valley (at khola, Kokdukhola, Guekhola, etc. The thickness of these Sediments vary from place to place; near Harisidhi the maximum with about Dr. V. J. Gupta, Centre of Advanced, Study in Geology, 500 meters has been ascertained. Panjab University, Chandigarh 14, India The lower parts of the Kathmandu valley Sedi¬ 27.

(2) Tanchal, Lahantole, Singh Darbar, Bir Hospi¬ tal, Patan Industrial District, ete) Inflamable gas is found which is generally associated with. Literature Boesch,. Untersuchungen zur Morphogene¬ se im Katmandu Valley. GH 1,. H.. "Kalimati". Lithologically and palaeontologically the Kath¬ Yonechi, mandu valley Sediments can be correlated with the Karewa Formation of Kashmir and both of them seem to have been deposited under similar. S.. the. F.. environments.. 1. *2*. «3*. :. 15. -. 26,. 1974.. preliminary report on the Geomorphology of Kathmandu valley. Science Report of Yamagata University, 7th Series (Geo¬ graphy), 23(2), S. 153-161,1973. A. 2. -<>. TS -. m ¦¦¦. «. ¦-¦'.. .-*. m. fst «*v. 28. ,fe. M. '+. j. .>. ». '.. 1:. Archidiscodon planifrons. XI.. Abb. 2:. Hexaprotodon sivalensis. XI.. Abb. 3:. Crocodylus. Abb.. sp. XI..

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