DATA DATA

IM88-0428-00

HARDWARE INSTRUCTION MANUAL NID 4410 DATA ACQUISITION AND __ ~lSeLA y SYST~M _______________________ _

r~~.D

NUCLEAR DATA IINC

"THI S DOCUMENT IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF NUCLEAR DATA, INC. AND MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED, NOR MAY THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN OR DERIVABLE THEREFROM BE USED IN ANY

MANNER, EXCEPT BY WRITTEN PERMISSION OF NUCLEAR DATA, INC. THE PROPRIETARY RIGHTS TO THE AFORESAID INFORMATION, BOTH OF A PATENTABLE AND UNPATENTABLE NATURE, ARE EXPRESSLY RESERVED TO NUCLEAR DATA, INC. ^II

A

NUCLEAR DATA, INC.

Post Office Box 451 Palatine, III inois 60067

IM88-0428-00

HARDWARE INSTRUCTION MANUAL NO 4410 DATA ACQUISITION AND DISPLAY SYSTEM

March ^,r 1972

Pre lim inclry Editi ~n

Copyright 1972 by Nuclear Data, Inc.

Printed in U. S.A.

IITHIS DOCUMENT IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF NUCLEAR DATA, INC. AND MAY NOT BE REPRODUCED, NOR MAY THE INFORMATION CONTAINED THEREIN OR DERIVABLE THEREFROM BE USED IN ANY MANNER, EXCEPT BY WRITTEN PERMISSION OF NUCLEAR DATA, INC. THE PROPRIETARY RIGHTS TO THE AFORESAID INFORMATION, BOTH OF A PATENTABLE AND UNPATENTABLE NATURE, ARE EXPRESSLY RESERVED TO NUCLEAR DATA, INC. ^II

A

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION TITLE PAGE

INTRODUCTION.

· ·

^{• '.}

· · · · · · · ·

^1-1

1··1 • General Description

· · · · · · · · · ^· · ^·

^1-1

1··6. Options _•

· · ^·

^It

^·

^1-2

1··8. Functional Description

·

⁰

· · ·

^1-3

1··10. Analog to Digital Converter Module

· · · ^{· · ·} · ·

^1-3

1··14. ND812 Central Processor

· ·

^1-5

1··16. Control Module

·

^..

· · ^{· ·} · · ^·

^1-5

1··18. Display Oscilloscop,e •

·

^1-5

1··20. Power Supply

· ·

^"

· · · · · · ·

^{0 1-5}

1··22. Specifications.

·

^{.- 0}

·

^{0 0}

^{· · ·}

^1-5

II EGlUI PMENTPREPARA TI ON

· ·

^{0 0}

· ·

^{0 2-1}

2··1. General

· · ^· · · ^{· ·} · ·

^2-1

2-·3. Preparati on for Use. 0 0

· ·

⁰

· · ^·

^2-1

2··4. Unpacking and InspE~ction •

· ^{· ·}

^2-1

2-·6. 2-·10. Prel im inary Check-Out. 2-·12. Initial Start-Up Procedure. System Installation and Interconnections.

· ^· · ^{· · ·} · · · ^·

^{2-1 2-3/2-4 2-8}

III OPERATING INSTRlX:TIONS

· · · ·

^3-1

3-·1. General

· ^· · ^·

^•

^{· · · ·} · ^{.' .}

^3-1

3-·3. Control and Indicatc)r Functions

· · · · ^· · · ·

^3-1

3-·5. Operational Considerations

· · ^{· · · ·} · ·

^3-10

3-·6. Specific Hardware Considerations 3-10

3-·7. Analog to Digital CIJnverter Module

· · · · ^·

^3-10

3-·16. Control Module

· · ^{· · · ·}

^3-11

3-·18. Osci lIoscope Cal ibration

· · · · · ^{· · · · ·}

^3-12

3-·19. Pulse Height Analysis Experiment

· · · ·

^3-13

3·-20. Specific Software Considerations •

· · ·

^3-15

3·-21. NDM10 Instructi

on

Repertoi re ⁰

· · · ·

^3-15

SECTION IV

V

VI

VII

TI TLE PAGE

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION • •

. . . . . . . .

^4-1

4-1.

4-3.

4-5.

4-24.

4-26.

4-56.

4-58.

4-59.

4-60.

4-61.

General. • • • • • • •

General Functi onal Description. • Functional Block Diagram Description • Detailed Functional Description • • . Control Circuit Description • . • • Control Timing For Acquisition Modes • Program Control Mode.

DMA Increment Mode • • • • • • . DMA Li st Mode. • • • • • • • Input/Output Signal Description

• 4-1 . . . 4-1

• • 4-2

• • • • • • 4-5

· . . . 4-5

• 4-12

• 4-12

• • • • • • 4-12

• 4-12

• • • • • • 4-16

MAINTENANCE • • . 5-1

5-1.

5-30

5-6.

5-8.

5-10.

5-11.

5-12.

5-15.

5-16.

5-17.

5-23.

5-24.

5-27.

5-28.

5-29.

Genera I . • • • • . 5-1

Maintenance Philosophy.. • • • • . • • • • • 5-1 Equipment Required For Maintenance • • • • . • 5-1 Maintenance Controls, Indicators, and Test Points • • • 5-2 Preventive Maintenance • • • • • • • 5-2 Periodic Inspection . • • . • • • • • • • • • • • • 5-2 Performance Standards Tests. • • • . • • • • • • 5-2 DC Voltages and Power Distribution Tests. • • • • 5-2

ND812 Computer Tests • 5-3

ND4410 Control Module Tests • • 5-3

Corrective Maintenance • • • • • • 5-6 AI ignment and Adjustment . • • • 5-6 Horizontal Display Position Adjustment. • .5-6 Vertical Display Position Adjustment • • • • • • • • • 5-6 Di splay Marker Posi ti on Adjustmen t . • • • 5-7

REPLACEABLE PARTS LI ST . . . 6-1

6-1. General . . • • 6-1

DIAGRAMS • • " 7-1

7-1. General • • ,,7-1

II

FIGURE 1-1 2-1 3-1 3-2

4 ... 1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 5-1 .' 5-2

TABLE 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

TITLE

IND4410 System with Various Options Series 4410 System Intercclnnection Diagram

Control Module Front PanE~1 Controls and Indicators • Typical System Set-Up for Pulse Height Analysis IExperiment • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Signal Inversion • • • • • • • • IND4410 Control Module Functional Block Diagram Si gna I Reference • • • • • • • • • • •

Program Control Mode Timing Diagram. • DMA Increment Mode Timing Diagram. • DMA List Mode Timing Dklgram • • • •

. . .

I\IIM Bin Connector, Dc Voltage Requirements I\ID441 0 Control Module, Adjustment Locations.

LIST OF TABLES

. . . . . . . .

PAGE 1-2 2-5/2-6 3-2 3-14 4-1 4-3/4-4 4-6 4-13 4-14 4-15 5-3 5-7

TITLE PAGE

IkJsic ND4410 System Components. • • • • • • • • • • • • 1-3 ND4410 Options • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1-4 ND4410 Control Module, Physical and Functional

Characteristics • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 1-6 ND812 Computer, Physical and Functional Characteristics 1-8

iii

TABLE 1-5 1-6

3-1 4-1 4-2

4-3

5-1 5-2

5-3

6-1 7-1

TITLE

50 MHz ADC, Physical and Functional Characteristics • • NIM Bin and Power Supply, Physical and Functional C haracteri sti cs

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators

Input/Output Signals, Printed Circuit Board • • • • • • • • Input/Output Signals, Printed Circuit Board 112 • • • • Power Connector. • • • • • • • •

Requi red Test Equipment • • • • • • • • • ND4410 Control Module Display Circuits Test ND4410 Control Module Front Panel Switch Replaceable Parts Li st •

Diagram Index. • • • •

iv

PAGE 1-9 1-12 3-3 4-16 4-20 4-22 5-1 5-4 5-5 6-1 7-1

SECTION I.

INTRC)DUCTION

1-1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1-2. This manual jcontains instructions necessary to operate and maintain the ND4410 system, part number 88-0428, manufactured by Nuclear Data, Incorporated. The ND4410 system (figure 1,-1) is a single parameter elata acquisition and display system used for

measurement, storage, di splay, and procE!ssing of data obtained in physical science research ⁰ 1-3. The ND4410 basic system consists of a Function Control Module, a 50 MHz Analog to Digital Convlerter (ADC), a Dead Time Monitor, an ND812 Central Processor with 4K memory (expandable to 16K), a Teletype Interface with Auto Loading, NIM Bin with

three connector:s, Bin power supply, Tektronix 602 display Oscilloscope (option), and Teletype (option). The basic system can be expanded to include up to eight ADC's (with a digitizing rate of 50 or 100 MHzL and the selection of an 8K, 12K, or 16K ND812 Central Processor (Refer to table 1-1 for description, part number and quantity of basic ND44110 system components). Also, various basic system options and peripheral options are available.

1-4. Several software packages for the ND4410 system are availableo Current packages include a Basic Physics Analyzer, a Basic X-Ray Analyzer, and a Floating Point Physics Analyzero The Basic Physics Analyzer package requires only 2K, 12 bits of core storage,

leaving 1 K of 24 bits for data storage. TIle Basic X-Ray Analyzer requires 3K of 12 bits, and the Floatin~~ Point Physics Analyzer requires 4K of 12 bits. Information on these packages and pClckages presently in work are available on request.

1-5. The operation and maintenance instructions contained in this manual cover the basic ND4410 s:vstern and are primarily cemtered around the ND4410 Control Module o Refer to the appropriate instruction manue" for specific instructions on the Analog to Digital Convert,er, Dead Time Monitor, ND812 Central Processor, Teletype Interface with Auto Loading, Bin Power Supply, Display Oscilloscope, Teletype, and all system and peripheral options. Also, refer to the! ND4410 Single Parameter Data Acquisition and Display System Software Instruction Manuel! for specific information on system software.

1-1

Figure 1-1. Typical ND4410 System with Various Options

1-2

Table 1-1. Basic ND4410 System Components

Description Part Number Quantity

c::mtrol Module ND4410 Functit::>n C

N D560 ADC, 4096,

*ND565TM Dead Tim ND812 Central Proc Teletype Interfclce v..

NIM Bin with three Bin Power Supplly, +

+

50 MHz e Monitor

essor/4K x 12 Bit memory rith Auto Loading

connectors

6 Vdc, 5A; + 12 Vdc, 2.5A

~4 Vdc, lA

88-0428 88-0415 88-0435 88-0097/

88-0096 88-0481 88-0344 88-0297

*Not required when optional 8192, 100 ~I\Hz ADC (part number 88-0426) is used.

1-6. OPTIONS

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1-7. Basic ND4410 system options, peripheral options, and memory expansion options are given in table 1--2. Various bulk storage devices, magnetic tape I/O devices, paper tape I/O devicl3s, hard copy devices, and miscellaneous ND812 options are also availableo

Information and price list on these device!s and options are available on requesto

1-8⁰ FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION

1-9. There are three modes of software-con troll ed data acqui si ti on. These are Program Control Mode, Buffer or List Mode, and Direct Memory Increment Modeo The Program Control Mode places restrictions on the digitized data following the selection of areas of interesto

The 24-bit word transferred contains up t() 15 bits of ADC data (32K channels), 3 bits to identify one ADC OUit of the possible eight, 1 bit for the clock, and 5 unassigned bitso

The Buffer or Li st Mode transfers up to 24 bits di rectly into the computer memory ⁰ The number of ADC"s used are initialized by softwareo The Direct Memory Increment Mode treats the ADC word as an address with the contents of the address being incremented creating a spec1"rum of counts versus channelso

1-10. ANALC)G TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MODULE

1-11. The ND560 ADC is a highly verscltile analog to digital converter designed for processing ampl itudE~ modulated signals, such as are encountered when measuring fast random phenoml3non. It may also be used to sample dc or slowly varying voltages.

1~12. Data acquisition efficiency is enhanced by a 50 megahertz digitizing rate.

The digitizing oscillator is crystal-controlled to ensure high, long term stability. In addition, a" critical circuitry is temperature compensated to ensure drift free operation.

1-3

Table 1-2. ND4410 Options

Description

Basic System Options

ND4410 Digiplex - Two Function Control Module ND4410 Digiplex - Two Function Control/Digiplex -

Four Option

Analog to Digital Converter, 8192, 100 MHz Digital Spectrum Stabilizer

Two Input Zero Dead Time Multichannel Scaler Time of FI ight

Ei ght Input Router NIM Bin - 6 Connectors NIM Bin - 12 Connectors Basic System Peripherals

Teletype Model TC33ASR Combination Punch Paper Tape and Page Printer

Tektronix 602 Oscilloscope Rack Mount

Filler Panel

Hewlett Packard Model 1208B Oscilloscope Rear Terminal and Blanking Option Hewlett Packard Model 7004B XV Plotter Memory Expansion Options

8K x 12 Bit Memory (4K to 8K Expansion) ND812 Memory Extension Unit with

4K x 12 Bit Memory (8K to 12K Expansion) ND812 Memory Extension Unit with

8K x 12 Bit Memory (8K to 16K Expansion) 8K x 12 Bit Memory (12K to 16K Expansion)

1-4

Part Number

88-0461 88-0461/

84-0152 88-0426 88-0058 88-0477 88-0145 88-0502 88-0300 88-0346

86-0085 86-0140 86-0141 86-0142 86-0199 86-0200 86-0149

84-0097 88-0431 84-0094 88-0431 84-0095 84-0095

1-13. Conversion gain is selectable in binary increments from 128 to 4096 channels full

scale~ Front pcmel selection of group size in binary increments from 64 to 4096 allows resolution up to 4096 channels in a memory group of only 64 channel capacity. A digital zero shift selec'~or is included which utilizes five toggle switches representing 256, 512, 1024, and 2048 channels. By placing these switches in the appropriate positions, the selected channE~1 may be digitally moved to zero, automatically suppressing all previous channels. Any combination of switches may be used providing a maximum zero shift of 3968 channels.

1-14. ND812 CENTRAL PROCESSOR

1-15. The ND812 is a general purpose c:omputer designed for the scientific researcher.

The basic ND8112 contains a 12-bit, 4K memory, with optional 8K, 12K or 16K memories available. This computer is extremely vE~rsatile, in that the entire core locations (up to

16K) are directly addressable by using two-word instructions. A total of 256 single-word or 4096 two-word I/O commands are possible. Other outstanding features are the 12 or 24-bit programmed I/O transfer, a four level priority interrupt, four micro-programmable pulses per I/O iinstruction, direct memory access, four arithmetic registers, hardware multiply and divide, and 100010 integrated control logic circuitry.

1-16. CONTROL rv10DUlE

1-17. The Control Module interfaces the ADC's and display scope with the ND812 Central Processor. Sixteen front panel pushbutton swi tches control the system, establ ish the number of channels displayed, increasing or decreasing the number of counts full scale, and the position of two data markers. Dalta contained between the markers can be total ized;

read out by channel (with channel ID eve~ry eight channels); read out to an X-V plotter;

or altered by addition, subtraction, division and multiplication. A front panel pushbutton switch also initiiates display of system par10meters on the display oscilloscope.

1-18. DISPLAY OSCillOSCOPE

1-19. The 602 display oscilloscope is a compact, solid state monitor with excellent resolution providing accurate displays of information from X, V, and Z signal inputso

Display is provided on a 5-inch, flat-faced, rectangular cathode ray tube with an internal graticule. Signal inputs are via BNC connectors on the rear panel.

1-20. POWER SUPPL V

1-21. The bin mounted power supply is furnished with a 23-pin female bin interface connector for distributing power to the bin power connectors. The rear panel contains two line fuses, an ac line cordi' and a switch for selection of 115 or 230 volt operation. This unit is also equipped with therm,al cutouts which disconnect the ac I ine when the heat sink exceeds the preset temperature.

'-22. SPECIFICATIONS

1-23. Physical and functional characteristics for the ND4410 Control Module, ND812 Computer, 50 tv1Hz ADC, and N 1M Bin Power Supply are given in tables 1-3, 1-4, 1-5,

1-5

and 1-6 respectively. Refer to the appropriate instruction manual for specifications on all o,ther modules and peripheral equipments.

Table 1-3. ND4410 Control Module, Physical and Functional Characteristics

Characteri sti c

Physical Characteristics Height

Width Depth

NIM Compatible Functional C haracteri stics

Input/Output Accumulator Mode

List Mode

Direct Memory Increment Mode

Display Decoding

Display Output

1-6

Spec i fi cati on

B.71 in 5.36 in 9.7 in

four-wide module

Directly compatible with NDB12 I/O Buss.

Each event (24 bits) is transferred to the NDB12 accumulators. The infonnation contained in the 24 bits is then available for soffware processingo Communication via the interrupt, IItrapll address is provided ⁰

Each event (24 bits) is transferred directly to the NDB12 memory. The number of events contained in the list and the

processing of the list is software selectable.

Communication is via direct memory access, transmit.

The ADC address for each event directly identifies a location in the NDB12 memory and causes a read, add-l, wri te at that location. Communication is via direct memory access, increment.

X-Axis: 10bits V-Axis: 10 bits Horizontal: 0 to 1 V Vertical: 0 to lV

Blanking: +5V on, OV blank

Table 1-3. ND4410 Control Module, Physical and Functional Characteristics (Cont1d)

Characteri sti c

Di splay ~Aarkers

Plotter Control

Function Control

Direction Control

Acquisiti10n Control

Data Era5lure

Mode Indication

Power Requirements

l-7

Specification

Internal circuitry and software selection permit generation on the display scope of a marker (a full-seal e vertical I ine) at any address.

External connectors and software selection permit analog readout to a plotter, X-V, incremental, or strip chart.

16 software-selection pushbuttons provide control of analyzer functions.

Two-position switch selects direction of parameter movement.

An internal 100 MHz crystal-control I ed time base permits software selection of acquisition time at 10 ms clock or live time gated intervals.

Dual pushbuttons, which must be depressed simultaneously, prevent accidental erasure of stored data.

Four front panel lamps provide indi cation of acquisition and display modes.

+6 Vdc, 2A

!.12 Vdc, 50mA

Table 1-4. ND812 Computer, Physical and Functional Characteristics

Charaeteri sHe

Physi cal C haracteri sti cs Height

Width Depth

Funeti onal Charaeteri sti cs Memory

Addressing'

Arithmetic

Instructions

I nput/ Output

Programmed I/O Transfer

I/O Instruction

Single-Word Instructions

Two-Word Instructions

1-8

Specification

7.00 in 19.00 in 22.00 in

Magnetic core, 4096 words, 12 bits, 2 jJS cycle time. Memory options: Min~mum

4K, field expandable to 16K in 4K increments.

Relative, indirect, and direct o Hardware multiple field control.

Parallel, binary, fixed point, 2¹s complement.

Hardware multiply and divideo

Single and two-word instructions which include 25 memory reference instructions, three literals, and more than 50 arithmetic and regi ster con trol i nstructi ons.

Interrupt: Programmable 4-level priority interrupt. Trap to any core location in first 4K of memory.

Transmit 12 or 24 bits.

Receive 12 or 24 bi ts.

Transmit 12 and receive 12 bitso

Receive 12 and transmit 12 bits.

Includes four microprogrammable pulses for multi-function operation with single instructi on.

256 possible I/O commands at 3 jJS per instructi on.

4096 possible I/O commands at 5 jJS per instructi on.

Table 1-4. ND812 Computer, Physical and Functional Cha'racteristics (Cont1d)

Characteri sti c

Control, data, and sense lines Direct Memory Access (DMA)

Accumulcltor

Timing

Vol tage Requ i rements

Power Consumpti on

Specification

Total of 75 available on single connector.

6 megabits/s; read, load, increment or decrement on DMA with single cycle.

Dual accumulators with individual sub- accumulators.

16 MHz crystal-control I ed clock assures absolute and drift-free timing.

115/230 Vac + 10%, 50/60 Hz, single

phase. -

400W maximum

~--- ---~---

Table 1-5. 510 MHz ADC, Physical and Functional Characteristics

Characteri sti c Specificati on

Phlsi cal Charact,eri stic

Height 8.71 in

Width 2.68 in

Depth 9.70 in

Functiona I C haracteri sti cs

Conversi()n Gain 128, 256, 5l2, 1024, 2048 or 4096 channels full-scale.

Digitizing Rate 50 MHz on all conversion ranges.

ADC Conversion Time Gain Setting Conversion Time (tJS) 4096 6 • 0 tJ S + O. 02 N 2048 6. 0 tJ S + O. 02 N

1024 6.0 l-lS + 0.02N

512 6. 0 tJ S + O. 02 N

1-9

Table 1-5. 50 MHz ADC, Physical and Functional Characteristics (Cont'd)

Characteri sti c

Signal Inputs

Basel ine Restorati on

Coincidence or Anticoincidence Input

Strobe

1-10

Specification

Gain Setting Conversion Time (jJS)

256 6.0 jJS + 0.02N

128 6.0 jJS + 0.02N

N is equal to the number of address advances for a given input event. The fixed dead time includes initial ization, pedestal rundown, delay line propagation, bad data flag (AIi') check, etc.

Coupling: ac or dc, switch-selectable.

Amplitude: Oto+8V, nominal.

Polarity: Positive monopolar or initially positive bipolar ⁰

Rise Time: 002 to 70 jJS Duration: 1 jJS, minimum.

Internal Delay: 1 jJS.

Input Impedance: 1000 ohms.

Type: Robinson.

Input: Positive monopolar, operative in ac mode only.

Selection: Coincidence, anticoincidence or normal operation.

Amplitude: 3 to 10V, ac or dc-coupled.

Polarity: Positive from OV reference.

Durati on: 1 jJ S min imum.

Timing: Determined by internal modifi- cation which allows the coincidence or anticoincidence pulse to occur before or after the input event. Nominally set at 2 jJS. Overlap of the input event is not necessary in either coincidence or anti- coincidence

Input Impedance: 1000 ohms.

Front-panel-switch-selectable for use in measuring slowly varying de signals or rapidly determining the zero energy inter- cept.

Table 1-5. ·50 MHzADC, Physicol,and Functional Characteristics (Cont1d)

Characteri sti c

Linearity

Stability

Power Rec~uirements

LG T Con1'rol

1-11

Specification

Auto Position: Opens the linear gate for a pre-determined time, as selected by the LGT control. Rate is nominally 8,000 samples per second. An external 3 to 10V positive strobe pulse, 1 to 10 tJS in duration, may be entered via rear panel BNC to open the linear gate for the pre-determined time. Pulse rate not to exceed 8,000 samples per second.

Normal Position: Disables internal and external auto strobe.

Integral: Better than 0.075% of full scale.

Differential: Conservatively estimated at less than 1.0010 deviation from mean channel width over 9<fOio of full scale.

Time: Less than 0.5 channel per day at stable ambient temperature.

Temperature: Less than +0.01% zero drift and less than +0.010/0 gain shift per ,oC from 15 to 40OC.

+24 Vdc, 115mA -24 Vdc, 115mA + 12 Vdc, 840mA -12 Vdc, 15mA

When +6 Vdc supply is available, 800mA is automatically switched from the +12 Vdc to +6 Vdc.

Continuously variable from 7 to 70 nSec (must be set such that the I inear gate line (LG

n

exceeds the ri se time of the input event) •

Table 1-6. NIM Bin and Power Supply, Physical and Functional Characteristics

Characteri sti c

Physical Characteristics Height

Width Depth

Functional Characteristics Vol tage Requirement Power Requi rement Power Output

Regulation

Temperature Dri ft Ripple and Noise Voltage Adjustment Recovery Time

1-12

Spec i fi ca ti on

9.71 in 19.00 in 16.00 in

115/230 Vac, 50/60 Hz, single phase 500W maximum

+6 Vdc, 5A + 12 Vd,c, 2.5A +24 Vdc, lA

+0. 1% (+ 12 and +24 Vdc) and +0.5%

(+6 Vdc)-for 100% load change-or +10°/0

line variation. -

Less than 10 mV peak to peak +5% nominal

]

Less than 100 tJS (+12 and +24 Vdc) and less than 250 tJS (+6 Vdc) is required to return within +0.10/0 of nominal output voltage after any change in input voltage or a 10 to 100010 step change (1 tJS rise time) in rated load.

SECTION II.

EQUIPMENT PREPARATION

2-1. GENERAL

2-2. This section contains instructions for preparation for use, system installation and interconnections, and prel im inary check··out.

2-3. PREPARATION FOR USE

2-40 UNPACKING AND INSPECTION

2-5. Carefully unpack the units which make up the ND4410 System, saving the shipping cartons for possible reshipmento Thoroughly inspect the units for damage. If damage is apparent, notify the delivering carrier about damage incurred during transit and then notify the nearest Nuclear Data sales office or the Nuclear Data home office.

NOTE

The delivering carrier must be notified within 24 hours after receipt of the units to insure reimbursemElnt for any damages incurred during transit.

2-6. SYSTE"~ INSTALLATION AND IINTERCONNECTIONS

2-7. Normal heat generated by the ND4410 System wi II not hamper its operati on.

However, the system should not be located over radiators or systems using vacuum tubes, since the high fClmbient heat may adverse~y affect system operation.

2-8. The ND4410 System requires a 115 or 230-volt, 50/60 Hz, ac source which is free of excessive noise or fluctuations. A voltage stabilizing transformer can be inserted between the ac source and the system where available power is subject to large fluctuations.

Noise produced by various types of electrical equipment can be eliminated or greatly

reduced by connecting a suitable filter between the ac source and the interfering equipment.

2-1

2-9~ Using the ND4410 System Interconnection Diagram (Figure 2-1) and the following step-by-step procedure, interconnect the units that make up the ND4410 system.

a. Interconnect the Control Module to the ND812 Computer using ribbon cable equipped with card connectors on both ends as follows:

(1) Insert card connector into location 111 on Control Module.

(2) Insert card connector on other end of ribbon cable into either of the two input/output printed circuit board connectors located on the rear of the ND812 Computer.

b. Interconnect the Control Module to the ADC Module using ribbon cable equipped with a card connector on one end and a 50-'pin male connector on the other end as foil ows:

(1) Insert card connector into location 112 on Control Module.

(2) Insert 50-pin male connector on other end of ribbon cable into 50-pin female connector designated 50F on the ADC module.

NOTE

The card connectors referred to in steps (a) and (b) above are slotted to prevent inserting them the wrong way.

c. I nterconnect the Control Module to the 602 Oscilloscope as follows using three 75f"L coaxial cables with BNC connectors on both ends:

(1) From the HORIZ- BNC Connector (upper) on control module rear panel to the X input on the 602 oscilloscope.

(2) From the VERT BNC Connector (upper) on the Control Module rear panel to the Y input on the 602 osci II oscope.

(3) From the BLAN K BNC Connector (upper) on the Control Module rear pane I to the Z input on the 602 osci II oscope.

d. Connect ac line cords from the 602 Oscilloscope, Bin Power Supply, and ND812 Central Processor, to the Power Junction Box.

source"

e" Connect ac line cord from the Power Junction Box to a nearby 115 volt ac

NOTE

Step f applies to ND4410 systems equipped with an optional X-V pi otter.

2-2

f. Connect the

x-v

HP-7004B Plotter to the Control Module as follows:

(1) Plug BNC/dual banana cldapters into X and Y inputs on the HP-7004B front panel. Ground ne!~ative side of each input with ground strap.

(2) Connect 75-ohm coaxial cable (with BNC connectors on both ends) from X input on HP-7004B front panel to the H aRIZ BNC connector (lower) on rear of Contrc)1 Moduleo

(3) Connect 75-ohm coaxial cable (with BNC connectors on both ends) from

Y

input on HP-7004B front panel to VERT BNC connector (lower) on rear of Control Module.

(4) Connect cable with 9-pin female connector on one end and blue and yellow banana iacks on other end as follows:

a. Plug blue and yellow banana iacks into blue (COMPLETE) and yellow (SEEK) recephJcles respectively ^I on the Control Module rear panel.

b. Connect 9-pin femalE~ conne"ctor into 9-pin male receptacle of HP-17173 Null Detec:tor Plug-in on bottom of the HP-7004B.

NOTE

Step g applies to ND4410 systems equipped with optional TC33ASR Teletype.

g. Connect the TC33ASR Teletype into the ND812 Computer as follows:

(1) Plug male integrated cir,cuit connector (on grey ribbon cable) into female integrated recept'acle (rear row ^I second from left) on AL T printed circuit board of the ND812 Computero

(2) Connect ac line cord frcm TC33ASR to one of two ac receptacles on the ND812 Computer.

2-10. PRELIMINARY CHECK·OUT

~

2-11. The following procedures provide step-by-step instructions to ensure the N D441 0 System is read:y for normal operation. These procedures should be performed as a matter of routine before operating the ND4410 System. Set front panel switches and controls as follows:

a. Analog to Digital Converter Module (1) Front Panel

2-3/2-4

'1 ________________ -+I __________

^{6_0_2 __ 0_SC}_,'_L_L_IS_C_O_P_E _________ ( ) x

I

~---JJ-~'-4--A--X--Y-~-L-O-T-Tf-n---~1

1

^til

_•

11 2

~

^{AU T All CLR}

BUSY ~ LIY TIME

- t..e.JAC

¹

0

~ ^J

^S

^yo

A C 2 C L 0 @T , ME

- ....LL. J2 J3

o ^o---J

^Y

^{I L!()i 0 BOK}

VERT BLANK J.\ J5 JR.

STROBE EXT GAIN Exi ZERO

...--+--..-.(.()

0

COMPLETE HDRIZ

SEEK HDRIZ VERT OISABLE

1 ... _________ -+-_________ -+-_{)~_~O 9 ^C~ROL

c=G;---l--~

^{0 0 0}

I

TELETYPE TC 33ASR

NOTE

This diagram illustrates the ND560 ADC, 4096, 50 MHz ADC Module.

If the ND 565 TM Dead Time Monitor (DTM) is used, connect 75fL coaxial cable (with BNC connectors on both ends) from the J1 BUSY BNC on the ADC Module to the DTM BUSY X BNC on the DTM.

o o

No.a12 COMPUTER

00 00

~

00

MODULE

BIN POWER SUPPLY

I

,

o TM Aile MIlIlULE

D

D O D D D O :

loooool-a:

~

Fi gure 2-1. Seri es 4410 System Interconnection Diagram

2-5/2-6

Switch/Contro~

CONVERSION GAIN Switch GROUP Switch

ULD Control LLD Control

ZERO Trim Potentiometer FI NE ZERO Control

ZERO SUPPRESSION Switches STROBE ()N/STROBE OFF Switch DC/AC Switch

COIN/NORM/ANTI Switch (2) Rear panel

Switch/Control AUT ALT CLR Switch LG T Coni'rol

LIVE TIME/CLOCK TIME b. ND812 Computer Sw i tc h/ C ,on tro!

POWER ()FF/POWER ON/

CONTRet OFF Switch SI NGLE STEP Switch SINGLE INSTR Switch

SWITCH REGISTER Switches (0-11) MEMORY FI ELD Switches (0, 1) SELECT REGI STER Switch c. Contrlol Module Switch/Contra!

Direction (~) Switch d. 602 C)sc i II oscope

2-·7

Initial Positi on

Equivalent to memory group size selected at external analyzer.

Equivalent to memory group size selected at external analyzer.

Fully clockwise (10.0)

Fully counter clockwise (0.0) Fully counter cl ockwi se Fully counter clockwise (0.0) All zero (0)

STROBE ON AC

NORM

Initial Position As desired

Set at a time greater than the ri se time of the input event.

As desired

Initial Position

POWER ON Down

Down All Down

Both Down EXTERNAL

In itial Position Left (~)

Switch/Control ON Switch

INTENSITY Control FOCUS Control

VERT POSITION Control HORIZ POSITION Control

SCALE ILLUM

e. Bin Power Supply Swi tch/Control Power Switch f. Teletype ASR33 Sw i tc h/C on tro I

LINE/OFF/LOCAL Switch START/STOP/FREE Switch 2-120 INITIAL START-UP PROCEDURE

Initial Position Down

Maximum Counterclockwise Mid range

Mid range Mid range

Maximum Counterclockwise

Initial Position Down

Initial Position LINE

FREE

2-13. After all controls have been initially set, load the programs into the ND812 Computer in accordance with the procedures given in the ND4410 Single Parameter Data Acquisition and Display System Software Instruction Manual. After the programs have been loaded, start the ND4410 system as follows:

a. Place the POWER Switch on the Bin Power Supply in the "up" positiono Power indicator lamp shall light.

b. Place the ON switch on the 602 Oscilloscope in the IIUp" position. Adjust INTENSITY control until a dot is visible on oscilloscope screen.

NOTE

If HP-120SB oscilloscope is used, refer to note on Figure 7-2, sheet 5 of 11 for proper blanking circuit hookup.

c. Turn the LINE/OFF/LOCAL Switch on the TeletYP'³ to the LINE position.

d. Set the SWITCH REGISTER Switches on the NDS12 Computer to 0200S• e. Depress the STOP Key on the NDS12 Computer.

f. Depress the LOAD AR Key on the NDS12 Computer.

2-8

g. Depress the START Key on the ND812 Computer. The teletype should now perform a carriage return and line feed and type an asterisk (*). The system is now in operation.

h. Depressi ACQUIRE pushbutton switch on Control Module. ACQ lamp shall light.

i. Adjust FINE. ZERO control until storage is observed in channel zeroo

i.

Set STROBE ON/STROBE OFF switch to STROBE OFF.

k. Apply (In appropriate signal to the front panel SIGNAL INPUT BNC.

I. Adjust the LtD control clockwise until storage of a spectrum is observed. The ADC is now operational and properly zeroed.

2-9

SECTION III.

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

3-1. GENERAL

3-2. Most of the actual operating instructions are governed by the specific program applications as defined by the various ND4410 System Software Manuals. However, in the following

pages, certain manual operations which will facilitate experiment set-up will be discussed along with an example experiment. In addition, the 4410 Instruction Repertoire will be explained. This instruction repertoire, in conjunction with the "Principles of Programming the ND812 Compute~rl/, should provide an excellent guide for understanding the ND4410 Software.

3-3. CONTROL AND INDICATOR FUNCTION

3-4. The ND4410 control module provides the primary controls necessary for operation of the ND4410 system. The controls and indicators for the control module are illustrated in Figure 3-1. Table 3-1 lists the controls and indicators, and describes their functions.

Refer to the appropdate instruction manu(]1 for controls and indicators information on all other system units and peripheral options.

3-1

Figure 3-10 Control Module Front Panel Controls and Indicators

3-2

Table 3-1., Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators C on troll I nd i cator

ACQ

A,B,C

Direction Switch

~

>

MOTION Pushbutton

WIDTH Pushbutton

Descri pti c~n

Indicator lamp

I nd i cator I am ps

T ogg I e sw'j tch

Pushbutton Switch S 1

Pushbutton Switch S2

Function

Illuminates when the ND4410 System is in an Acquisition Modeo

illuminate when the ND4410 System is in the program selected A, B or C mode of operation.

Determines the directi on in wh i ch the di splay lim it, marker, or group wi II move when the selected pushbutton is depressed.

Holding the MOTION Push- button depressed causes the display to move horizontally in the direction selected by

the setting of the Direction (~

Switch. The rate of movement is a function of the length of time the MOTI ON pushbutton is held depressed. A momen- tary swi tch depressi on wi II move the display one channel.

Depressing the GROUPS pushbutton returns the display to the initial position.

Holding the WIDTH pushbutton depressed horizontally contracts the display when the Direction Switch is in the Left (-E--) position, or horizontally expands when the Direction Switch in the Right (~

position. Horizontal expansion increases the spacing between channels, causing the

number of channels displayed to decrease, while horizontal contracti on decreases the spacing between channels, causing the number of channel s displayed to increase. The

rate of expansi on or contracti on

Table 3-1. Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (Cont1d)

Con tro 1/1 nd i ca tor

MARK

pas

Pushbutton

MARK SPAN Pushbutton

Description

Pushbutton Swi tch S3

Pushbutton Switch S4

3-4

Function

is a function of the length of time the WIDTH pushbutton is depressed ⁰ A momentary depression will only expand or contract the display by one channel.

Holding the MARK

pas

Pushbutton depressed, causes the I eft and ri ght markers (full scale vertical lines imposed upon the spectrum) to move in the directi on specified by the Directi on (~) Swi tch. The rate of movement is a functi on of the length of time the MARK

pas

Pushbutton is held depressed. A momen- ta ry depressi on will move the markers,one channel ⁰

Holding the MARK SPAN pushbutton depressed, causes the right marker (a full scale vertical line imposed upon the spectrum) to move in the direction specified by the Directi on (~)

Swi tch increasing or decreasing the number of channel s

between the markers. The rate of movement is a function of the length of time the

"~ARK SPAN pushbutton is held depressed. A momen- tary depression will only move the right marker one channel.

Table 3-10 Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (Cont1d)

Control/Indicator CFS

Pushbutton

. ______

~

^__

D_e_s_c_ri~p_ti_rO

^{__ n ______}

--~---Fu-n-c-t-io-n---~--1

Push bu ttoln Switch S5

3··5

Depressing the CFS pushbutton increases the counts full scale value by a factor of two when the Direction Switch is in the Left (~)

position or decreases the counts full scale value by a factor of two when the Direction Switch is in the Right (~) position. Each time the CFS pushbutton is depressed, the counts full scale value will be increased or decreased by a factor of two unti I it becomes zeroo

The range of counts full scale values is from 1 to 224_1 in binary increments. Logarithmic display is selected by depressing the C FS pushbutton after the minimum counts full scale value (1) is reached with the Direction Switch in the Right (~) positi on or after the maximum counts full scale value (224_1) is reached with the Direction Switch in the Left (-E-) posi ti on.

Display of the counts full scale value when selected by the STA TUS pushbutton will appear as follows:

jj, 1,2,. • .8388607, - 1, jj.

The counts full scale value displayed for 224_1 is -1.

The counts full scale value displayed for logarithmic display is zero (,0).

Table 3-10 Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (Cont1d)

Control/lndi cator PLOT

Pushbutton

STATUS Pushbutton

Description Pushbutton Switch S6

Pushbutton Switch S7

3-6

Function

Depressing the PLOT push- button plots the current display (including the current STATUS selected di splay parameters and the content of the channels in the current group) at the

x-v

Plotter. The X-V plot operation can be terminated at any time by depressing the RETURN pushbutton.

An asteri sk (*) is typed at the teletype to indicate initiation and termination of the X-V plot operation.

NOTE Calibration of the

X-Y pi otter is described in Section IV of the N D441 0 system software manual under OPERA TI aNAL PROCEDURE. When an X-V plotter is not used, depressing the PLOT push- button causes an asterisk (*) to be

typed.

Depressing the STATUS push- button sequentially di splays the following parameters:

(1) Center pointer channel/

content, and left marker channel-right marker channel, with the channels relative to the currently displayed group; (2) current group number/total groups, current group width, and counts full

Table 3-1. Control Module, Func:ti on of Controls and Indicators (Cont'd)

Controlll ndicatc)r

TOTAL Pushbutton

DISPLAY Pushbutton

GROUPS Pushbutton

Descri pH on

Pushbutf'on Switch

sa

Pushbutton Switch S9

Pushbutton Switch S 1 0

~3-7

Function

scale; (3) Elapsed time, and preset analysis time; or (4) Off (no parameters di splayed).

After the last parameter, di splay reverts back to the fi rst parameter.

Depressing the TOTAL push- button prints the current group number, the channel I ocati ons of the I eft and right markers, the elapsed analysis time, totalizes the counts stored in the channels between the left and right markers, subtracts the back- ground from the total and then prints the total and the net"total (total minus back- ground) •

Depressing the DI SPLAY pushbutton al ternatel y sel ects I ive or static display. Static di splay presents the data to the display oscilloscope continually while live di splay presents the data to

the display oscilloscope only when the correspondi ng channel has been addressed by the ADC.

Depressing the GROUPS pushbutton sequentially selects the groups for data storage and di splay. The direction of selection is determined by the Direction

(~) Switcho In the Left

(~) position, the next lower group is selectedo

Table 3-1. Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (ContDd)

Controlll ndi cator

EXPAND Pushbutton

ACQUIRE Pushbutton

Description

Pushbutton Switch Sll

Pushbutton Switch S12

3-8

Function

After the first group, selection reverts to the last group.

In the Right (~) position, the next higher group is selected. After the last group, selection reverts back to the first group.

Display of the current group, total groups and current group width can be selected using the STATUS pushbutton.

Depressing the EXPAND pushbutton expands the display between the left and right markers 1'0 full scale. The display can be returned to norma I by depressing the GROUPS

Pushbutton.

Depressing the ACQUIRE pushbutton al ternately starts or stops data acqu i si ti on.

Data acquisition stops automatically after the preset analysis timeo The preset analysis time is entered using the Clock Set Command.

NOTE Since data storage occurs in the group currently di splayed at the start of analysis, the

GROUPS Pushbutton should be used to select the desired storage group pri or to starting analysiso

Table 3-1. Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (Cont1d)

Control/I ndicairor

RETURN Pushbutton

PRINT Pushbutton

INTEG DIFF Pushbutton

Description

Pushbutton Switch S13

Pushbutton Switch S14

Pushbutton Switch S15

3-9

Function

The preset and elapsed acqui si- tion time can be displayed using the STATUS pushbutton.

Dej>ressi ng the RETURN pushbutton terminates the routine in progress and returns the program to display.

Depressing the PRINT pushbutton prints the current group number, the channel locations of the left and right markers, the elapsed analysis time in centiseconds (0001 seconcJ), and the content of the

channels between the markers with channel identification every eighth channel.

Depressing the I NTEG/DIFF pushbutton with the Direction Switch in the Right (~)

position selects integration of the area defined by the left and right markers in the

Table 3-1. Control Module, Function of Controls and Indicators (Cont'd) Control/lndi cator

SPARE Pushbutton

Descripti on

Pushbutton Switch S16

3-5. OPERATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS 3-60 SPECIFIC HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS

Function

currently di splayed group with storage of the integra I

in the marker defined area.

Depressing the INTEG/DIFF pushbutton with the Direction Swi tch in the Left {E-) position selects differentiaf'ion of the area defi ned by the left and right markers in the currently displayed group with storage of the differential in the defined area.

Avai lable for future software operation.

3-7. ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTER MODULE. The storage capacity of the analyzer memory being used is an important consideration in the selection of the conversion gain. The number of address advance pulses for a full scale (8 volt) input signal corres- ponds to the conversion gain switch positions of 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, and 4096.

Therefore, it would seem feasible to select the switch position corresponding to the memory size, i.e., for a 1024 channel memory, select switch setting of 1024; for a 2048 channel memory, select a switch setting of 2048; etc. In many experiments the above holds true, but in others, different factors require different settingso For example, if the energy of interest does not exceed 5 volts, it may be better to select a conversion gain of 1024 with a 2048 channel memory size. This allows the spectrum peaks to spread out over the full memory rather than half the memory.

3-8. Another factor to consider is resolution. With the conversion gain switch set at 1024, each channel represents 8 millivolts (horizontally on the display oscilloscope) for a full

scale 8 volt input. This means the voltage levels can be resolved to within 8 millivolts of each other" The conversion gain is directly proportional to the resolution. Therefore, if the

experiment requires high resolution, a higher conversion gain might be more advantageous.

3-9. Speed is another factor. The analysis time required for a full scale input with the conversion gain switch set at 1024 is twice as long as it would be with the switch set at 512. Therefore, a lower conversion gain may be desirable where speed is more important

3-10

than resolution. However, since the avera~ge analysis time rather than the maximum is usually used in evaluating the selection of proper conversion gain, the percentage of increase in speed is considerably less, and the loss in resolution may be enough to offset the advantages of increased speed. Therefore, the tradeoffs among these factors must be determined in evcsluatung the experiment to be performed, and then the selection of the

proper conversion gain may be made.

3-10. In some e;<periments, intense noise or low energy radiation may be present.

To reduce the effect of dead time, which h a result of noise analysis, the lower level discriminator con1~rol must be adjusted abov1e the level of the noise. The lower level discriminator control provides a bias at the input of the ADC to reject any signal

below the bias level. When a signal exceeds the bias level, the bias is removed. There- fore, signals whic:h exceed the bias level are passed for analysis in their entiretyo

3-11. When the analyzer is preoccupied with useless analysis of noise, most of the noise will fall at channel zero. However, since channel zero is reserved for storing of clock pulses, it is not always evident that the ADC is preoccupied with noise analysis.

3-12. A percent' dead time meter, which can be connected to the rear panel Busy BNC, is a useful tool in determining whether or n,ot the ADC is preoccupied with useless

analysis of noise. This allows the user to d,etermine whether or not the setting of the Lower Level Disclriminator Control affects tlhe indicated percent dead time.

3-13. When thelre is no appreciable noise mixed with the input signal, a minimum Lower Level Discriminat'or control setting of 0.3 is usually appropriate. For highest linearity in the lower energy regions, the control should be set at the minimum value. However, if there is an appc:uent increase in noise, wlhich may be caused by increasing the amplifier gain, the minimum setting should be increased accordingly.

3-14. The upper level discriminator control setting selects the triggering level of the upper levell discriminator circuit. Input pulses which exceed the bias setting imposed by this c,ontrol will cause the lineolr gate of the ADC to close, prohibiting the analysis of the input pulse. For most experiments, this control is set at maximum (10.0), but can be set as desired depending upon experiment requirements.

3-15. When the Zerc) Suppression Switches are not used, the Analog Zero Control is used primarily for precise adjustment of ene~rgy zero to correspond to the lower boundary of channel zero. Alteration of the Conversion Gain Switch changes the energy zero position. It is re,commended that the Analog Zero Control be properly set to locate the zero energy inter,cept for each of the six conversion gains in order to facilitate later experimental set-up operations. A calibraf'ion performance check once a month will probably be adequate for most applications.. However, this must be determined by experi ence.

3-16. CONTROt MODULE. Primary control of all analyzer functions is provided by the pushbuttons on the Control Module. These include: acquisition, display and data manipulation, teletype print out, and data erasure.

3··11

3-17. Initiation and termination of any of the three acquisition modes is controlled by the ACQUIRE Pushbutton. Group selection for data storage and display is controlled by the GROUPS Pushbutton. Display manipulation is provided by the MOTION WIDTH, MARK POS, MARK SPAN Pushbuttons in conjunction with the Direction (~) Switch. Selection of I ive or stati c di splay is provided by the DI SPLAY Pushbutton ⁰ Expansion of the marker defined area is provided by the EXPAND Pushbuttono Oscilloscope display of the various parameters is controlled by the STATUS Pushbutton. Data man ipulation of the marker defined area is provided by the TOTAL, INTEG and DIFF Pushbuttons o Teletype print out of the counts stored in the channels between the markers is provided by the PRINT

Pushbutton. Erasure of data stored in any group is provided by the ERASE Pushbuttons.

Termination of any of the operations with return to display is provided by the RETURN Pushbutton.

3-18. OSCILLOSCOPE CALIBRATION. The following procedure is intended to assist the experimenter in calibrating the display oscilloscope o Although this method is arbitrary, it has been found useful in analyzing the data di splayed.

a. Set con trol s on d i sp I ay osc ill oscope as foil ows:

(1) Rotate the INTENSITY Control slowly clockwise until the display is visible.

CAUTION

If the I NTENSITY Control is set too high, damage to the CRT phosphor may resul t.

(2) Adjust the FOCUS Control for a well-defined traceo

b. Set controls on the control module as follows:

(1) Depress DISPLAY Pushbutton and erase the group currently displayed by depressing both ERASE pushbuttons. The horizontal trace on the oscilloscope screen represents full scale horizontal deflectiono

(2) Place the Direction Switch in the Left (~) position.

(3) Depress and hold the MARK POS Pushbutton unti I the left marker (a

full scale vertical line on the left side of the display) reaches the extreme left of the oscilloscope screen and ceases to moveo

(4) Place the Direction Switch in the Right (~) position.

(5) Depress and hold the MARK SPAN Pushbutton until the right marker (a full scale vertical I ine on the right side of the display) reaches the extreme right of the osci lIoscope screen and ceases to move.

3-12

c. Set controls on the display oscill()scope as follows:

(1) Adiiust the HORIZ POSITIO~1 Control so that the left marker coincides with thE~ grid line on the left side of the oscilloscope screen.

(2) Adjust the VERT POSITION Control so that the horizontal trace coincides with the grid line at the botttom of the oscilloscope screen.

NOTE

The oscilloscope! is now calibrated fOlr 125 millivolts per horizontal and vertical divisions.

3-19. PULSE HEI(3HTANALYSIS EXPERIMENT. The following isa procedure fora sample experiment in Pulse Height Analysis involving spectrum storage and energy

calibration. The experiment conditions are: energy calibration of 1 Kev/channel desired;

Cesium 137 to be used as the cal ibration source; memory capacity to be 1024 channels.

a. Connect the source, detector, prc~amp, and ADC as shown in Figure 3-2.

Connect the oscillc1scope, ND812 computer, Power supply, and Teletype as shown in

Figure 2-1. - .

b. Erase the group current displayed by depressing the Control Module ERASE pushbuttons.

c. Depress' the STATUS Pushbutton unti I the center marker channel and the number of counts st10red in that channel are di splayed on the oscilloscope.

d. Place the Direction Switch in the Left (~) position.

e. Depress and hold the MARK SPAN pushbutton unti I the ri ght marker reaches channel 646.

f. Place the Direction Switch in the Right (--7) position.

g. Depress and hold the MAR K POS pushbutton unti I the Left marker reaches channel 33 (0.32 tv\ev Cesium peak). The right marker should now be at channel 678 (0.662 Mev Cesium peak).

h. Depress the ACQ UI RE Pushbutton I' Accumulation of data in the memory can be observed on the osc,illoscopeo Allow data acquisition to continue until the 0.032 Mev and 0.662 Mev Ces:ium photopeaks are clearly visible (do not stop data acquisition).

i. Set preClmp COARSE GAIN control in position 4, and adjust the FINE GAIN Control so that the 0.622 Mev Cesium photopeak coincides with the right marker, and the.032 Mev Cesium pE~ak coincides with thE~ left marker.

3-13

SOURCE

° ^oOcg

° ₀ ^{cg @} ₀ ^cg ₀

PREAMP IN

0 0

0 0 ⁰

AMP OUT

SIGNAL GATE

0

DETECTOR PREAMP 50 MHz ADC

Figure 3-2. Typical System Set-Up for Pulse Height Analysis Experiment

3-14

i.

Erase ·the I\~emory by depressing the two ERASE Pushbuttons. Again allow sufficient data accumulation so that the 0.032 Mev and 00662 photopeaks are clearly visible.

k. Repeat steps i and

i

until satisfactory energy calibration is achievedo

I. After :satisfactory energy calibration is achieved, depress the ACQUIRE Pushbuttons and rE!cord the setting of the ZERO COARSE and FINE Controls for future reference. The sE~ttings represents 1 Kev/channel energy calibration for a CONVERSION GAIN setting of 11024 ..

NIOTE

Since alte·rnation of the CONVERSION GAIN Switch changes the energy zero position, it is recommended that the proper setting of the ZERO COARSE and FINE Cont'rols be determined for each of theCONVERSION GAIN

Switch se1'tings in order to facilitatE~ later experimental set-up operationso

A similar procedure to that described above can be followed for the other CONVERSION GAIN Settingso

3-20. SPECIFIC SOFTWARE CONSIDERATION"S

3-21. ND4410 INSTRUCTION REPERTOIRE. The following ND4410 instruction repertoire is an e)(tension of the basic ND812 I/O instructionso Refer to "Principles of Programming the ND812 Computer" for explanation of the ND812 I/O instructions.

a. Read ADC to JK accumulators Octal Code

7524 7522 7521

Load K Load J

C lear Device

K Register

*'Clock * Routing Number Bits

ADC Number

3 MSB of ADC

J Register

MSB LSB

I: ^{1·1 1}

²

¹

³

¹

⁴

¹

⁵

~ 617181911~ ^IllJ

12 LSB of ADC

ADC operates on Interrupt facility and traps to,£jl"eH 8 and stores the contents of the program counter. There is no skip flag.

b. Read 4410 Control Status to J K accumulators.

Octal Code 0740

0740

0604 0602

J Register

Load

K

Load J

SW Code

K Register

ADC CMPT*

*Assigned but not currently used.

J Register Bit Assignment Bit ,£j

2 3 4 5 6,7

8,9,10&11

Unassigned

T flag. "111 = CTA time out

Real time clock. "111 occurs at 10 ms intervals

Swi tch. "1" when any of 16 control s or erase pushbutton engaged Erase. 11111 when erase pushbuttons are engaged

Directiono "111 when switch is in the left position Unassi gned, reserved for expanded swi tch fi eld

Binary code for one of 16 control pushbutton switches: 8 is MSB. 11 is LSB.

K Regi ster Bi t Assignment

Bit jj Buffer overflow. 11111 when list mode address counter overflows Unassi gned.

3-16

2 thru 7 Unassigned

8,9,108t11 Binary COdE! for CTA time out. 8 is MSB. 11 is LSB.

c. Set a!cquire mode in 4410 control Octal C()de

0740 0740

2024 2022 K: Register

Transfer K 1:0 4410 Control Transfer J to 4410 Control

J Register

I ^~ II ^{1 2 1 3 1 4} R 617181911~ ¹¹¹¹ I ^~ II 121314151617181911~ ¹¹¹¹

MFOMF1GP~-.--Jl~l ^v

JL

^{v )}

ADC IMode E* BCD Digits*

Number

* Assigned but not currently used.

K RegistE~r bit assignment Bit,0 & 1

2 3,4, & 5

6,7

8 thru 11

Memory field bits for storage and display Hardware storage routing bit

Device address for enabling acquisition. 3 is MSB, 5 is LSB.

Mode bits 00

01 10 11

off state accumulator DMA I ncremen t List

4 MSB's of term E for initial izing CTA timer J Registelr bit assignment

Bi ts,0 thru 3 4 LSB of E f'erm for initial izing CTA timer 4 thru 11 2 BCD digit's for initializing eTA timer

3·-17