92
3.2 Water and Material Balance
93 Measures:
Short-term:
1. Fill in the enterprise water intake table, water consumption table of recent years and daily water consumption table.
Long-term:
1. Establish a database for enterprise water consumption.
Environmental risk confirmation
Have all the detail points in recommendations been taken into account and implemented Yes Partially No
RC=1 RC=5 RC=10
2. Test enterprise’s water balance according to Table 4 2.1 Has the water balance been tested? If yes, fill in Table 4.
Yes Not Not applicable
Remarks:
94 Measures:
Short-term:
1. Test the water balance.
2. File the test results.
3. Take appropriate actions for unbalanced water consumption.
4. Draw an enterprise’s water balance sheet, especially identifying where the water goes, what amount and its physical and chemical properties.
Environmental risk confirmation
Have all the detail points in recommendations been taken into account and implemented Yes Partially No
RC=1 RC=5 RC=10
3. Measurement gauges
3.1 Are measurement gauges complete and sufficient?
Yes No Not applicable
3.2 Are the measurement gauges kept well and working properly?
Yes No Not applicable
Remarks:
Measures：
Short-term:
1. Periodically inspect measurement gauges of water consumption system to make sure they are kept well and working properly.
2. File the results and keep them in record.
3. Have a third party periodically calibrate those measure gauges to make sure they are functional.
95 Environmental risk confirmation
Have all the detail points in recommendations been taken into account and implemented Yes Partially No
RC=1 RC=5 RC=10
4. Has the database of water consumption technology been established?
Yes No Not applicable
Remarks:
Measures:
Short-term:
1. Technical documentation includes rules and regulations of water consumption and conservation; parameters of water sources like its quantity and quality, temperature, etc.; water supply and drainage network drawings; water gauges system drawing; daily log and summary table of water supply, consumption and drainage; improvement in water saving technology of the year; and water balance testing file of the year.
2. Documentation of water consumption technology should be intact, authentic and exhaustive.
3. Have full-time employees manage the documentation of water consumption technology, and constantly update it.
Environmental risk confirmation
Have all the detail points in recommendations been taken into account and implemented Yes Partially No
RC=1 RC=5 RC=10
96 5. Material balance
5.1 Has the material balance been tested? If yes, test the material balance according to table 5.
Yes No Not applicable
5.2 Does the material balance involve main hazardous substances?
Yes No Not applicable
Remarks:
Measures:
Short-term:
1. Is the material balance datasheet intact, authentic and exhaustive?
2. Have full-time employees manage the database of water consumption technology, and constantly update it.
3. Draw a material balance sheet of the focal hazardous materials, especially marking their disposition and amount.
Environmental risk confirmation
Have all the detail points in recommendations been taken into account and implemented Yes Partially No
RC=1 RC=5 RC=10
97
Checklist Summary
Detail Points of Recommendations Potential Risks Risk Classification (RC)
1 1/5/10 2 1/5/10 3 1/5/10 4 1/5/10 5 1/5/10
Average Risk of Checklist (ARC)
98
Table 1 Enterprise Water Intake sources
No.
Water Source
Type
Fresh Water Capacity/(m3/d) Water Quality
Main
Usage Remarks Water from Common Water
Source
Water from Uncommon Water Source
Temp. pH Hardness Turbidity Design Fact
Pipe Dimension
(mm)ⅹ number
Design Fact
Pipe Dimension
(mm)ⅹ number
Total
1. As for the column of “water source type”, if enterprises have many water sources, filled them in separately under common or uncommon water sources. Common sources include surface water, underground water, and tap water, outsourced softened water, and outsourced stream water; the uncommon include sea water,
brackish water, reclaimed municipal wastewater, mine water, etc.
2. In case there are many kinds of water pipes, list their dimensions in sequence.
3. Specify fees, cost of producing water, etc in the column of “remarks”.
99
Table 2 Enterprise Water Consumption (Recent Years)
Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Fresh water Volume
（×104m3）
Recycling water Volume (×104m3)
Direct cooling water circulation Indirect cooling water circulation Other cooling water circulation Steam condensed water circulation Reclaimed water
Series water
Others (×104 m3)
Discharge Loss
Water consumption
Criteria
Main products
Unit product water intake Recycling ratio
Recycling ratio of direct cooling water Recycling ratio of indirect cooling water Recycling ratio of steam condensed water Recycling ratio of wastewater
Loss ratio
Standard discharge ratio
Replacement for uncommon water sources
Remark 1: The Column of freshwater should be classified according to their sources and filled in separately.
2: If enterprises have direct cooling water, the table should add a new column for that.
100
Table 3 Daily Water Consumption (m
3/d)
Depart. Work-shops
Water Consumpt
ion
Fresh water
Reclaimed Water Volume
Daily life freshwater
/capita
Water Consum ption
Water loss
Discharge amount
Discharge rate%
Recycling rate % Series
water
Cooling water
Process water
Boiler steam condensed
water
Total
Main production Workshop
Auxiliary production
workshop
Accessory production departments
101
Table 4 Enterprise Water Balance
Enterprise Manageme
nt
Workshop Total Water consum ption
Inlet Water Outlet Water
Discharge rate%
Recycling rate%
Freshw ater
Series water
Inlet Water
Water consum ption
Water Loss
Dischar ges
Outlet water Recycli
ng cooling
water
Recycling ratio of cooling water
Recycli ng process
water
Recycling ratio of process water
Total
Recycli ng cooling
water
Recycling ratio of cooling water
Recycli ng process
water
Recycling ratio of process water
Total
Main Production
Workshop
Auxiliary Production
Workshop
Accessory Production
Departs
Total
102
Table 5 Material balance
No. Items Input/(t/a) Output/(t/a) Percentage of total (%) Remarks 1
2 3 4 5
Total Remark:
1. A material balance sheet for all substances is required;
2. Column “Items” includes raw materials, auxiliary materials, medium bodies, and products;
3. In case that the sheet is unbalanced, specify the details in the column of “Remarks” and find out what the causes are.
103
Chapter Four
Environmental Risk Management System
104