Cll [ -sspeed] [ -lline ] [ -h] [ -t] [ -xn] [ -0 I-e I-oe] [ -n ] telno
Cll [ -s speed] [ -h ] [ -xn ] [ [ -0 I-e I-oe ] -I line [ dir ]
Cll [ -h] [ -xn] [ -0 I-e I-oe ] systemname
Description
CU (C)
cu calls up another UNIX system, a terminal, or possibly a non-UNIX system. It manages an interactive conversation with possible transfers of ASCII files.
cu accepts the following options and arguments:
-sspeed Specifies the transmission speed (150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400). The default value is
"Any" speed which will depend on the order of the lines in the lusrllib/uucp/Devices file. A speed range can also be specified (for example, -s1200-48oo).
-lline Specifies a device name to use as the communication line. This can be used to override the search that would otherwise take place for the first available line having the right speed. When the -I option is used without the -s option, the speed of a line is taken from the Devices file. When the -I and -s options are both used together, cu will search the Devices file to check if the requested speed for the requested line is available. If so, the con-nection will be made at the requested speed; otherwise an error message will be printed and the call will not be made. The specified device is generally a directly con-nected asynchronous line (e.g., /dev/ttyab) in which case a telephone number (telno) is not required. The specified device need not be in the /dev directory. If the specified device is associated with an auto dialer, a telephone number must be provided. Use of this option with system name rather than telno will not give the desired result (see systemname below).
-h Emulates local echo, supporting calls to other computer systems which expect terminals to be set to half-duplex mode.
March 15, 1989 CU-1
CU (C) CU (C) -t U sed to dial an ASCII terminal which has been set to auto answer. Appropriate mapping of carriage-return to carriage-return-line-feed pairs is set.
-xn Causes diagnostic traces to be printed; it produces a detailed output of the program execution on stderr. The debugging level. n. is a single digit; -x9 is the most tone or minus signs placed appropriately for delays of 4 seconds.
systemname A UUCP system name may be used rather than a tele-phone number. In this case. cu will obtain an appropri-ate direct line or telephone number from lusr/lib/uuep/Systems. Note: the systemname option should not be used in conjunction with the -I and -s when debugging or checking modem operation. Note:
only users with write access to the Devices file are per-mitted to use eu -lline dir.
In addition. cu uses the following options to determine communica-tions settings:
-0 If the remote system expects or sends 7 -bit with odd parity.
-e If the remote system expects or sends 7 -bit with even parity.
-oe
If the remote system expects or sends 7-bit. ignoring parity and sends 7-bit with either parity.
By default. cu expects and sends 8-bit characters without parity. If the login prompt received appears to contain incorrect 8-bit characters. or a correct login is rejected. use the 7-bit options described above.
After making the connection. cu runs as two processes: the transmit process reads data from the standard input and. except for lines begin-ning with -, passes it to the remote system; the receive process accepts
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CU (C) CU (C) data from the remote system and, except for lines beginning with -, passes it to the standard output. Normally, an automatic DC3/DCl protocol is used to control input from the remote so the buffer is not overrun. Lines beginning with - have special meanings.
The transmit process interprets the following user initiated com-mands: from argument is used in both places.
copy file from (on local system) to file to on remote system. If to is omitted, the from argument is used in both places.
For both -%take and -%put commands, as each block of the file is transferred, consecu-tive single digits are printed to the terminal.
send the line -line to the remote system.
CU (C) -%nostop
CU (C) toggles between DC3/DC1 input control pro-tocol and no input. control. This is useful in case the remote system is one which does not respond properly to the DC3and DC1 charac-ters.
The receive process normally copies data from the remote system to its standard output. Internally the program accomplishes this by ini-tiating an output diversion to a file when a line from the remote begins with -. Data from the remote is diverted (or appended, if» is used) system. Backslashes are inserted at appropriate places.
The use of-%take requires the existence of echo(S) and cat(C) on the remote system. Also, tabs ·mode (See stty(C)) should be set on the remote system if tabs are to be copied without expansion to spaces.
When cu is used on system] to connect to system2 and subsequently 1200 baud (where dialtone is expected after the 9):
cu -s1200 9=12015551212
If the speed is not speci tied, "Any" is the default value.
To login to a system connected by a direct line:
cu -1 Idev Itty
xx
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CU(C) CU (C) or
cu -I ttyXX
To dial a system with the specific line and a specific speed:
cu -sl2oo -I ttyXX
To dial a system using a specific line associated with an auto dialer:
cu -I ttyXX 9=12015551212 To use a system name:
cu systemname
To talk directly to an ACU (connect directly with the modem and enter modem commands manually):
cu -lttyXX dir
Files
/usr/lib/uucp/Systems /usr/lib/uucp/Devices
/usr/lib/uucp/LCK. .( tty-device)
See Also
cat(C), ct(C), echoeS), stty(C), uucp(C), uname(C)
Diagnostics
Exit code is zero for normal exit, otherwise, one.
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CU (C)
Warnings
CU (C)
The cu command does not do any integrity checking on data it transfers. Data fields with special cu characters may not be transmitted properly. Depending on the interconnection hardware, it may be necessary to use a -. to terminate the conversion even if stty 0 has been used. Non-printing characters are not dependably transmitted using either the -%put or -%take commands. cu between an IMBR 1 and a penril modem will not return a login prompt immediately upon connection. A carriage return will return the prompt.
Notes
There is an arti ficial slowing of transmission by cu during the -%put operation so that loss of data is unlikely.