Describe a measure taken to contribute to the implementation of your country’s national biodiversity strategy and action plan
Mongolia as a Party of the Nagoya Protocol, has entered two of the eight sets of data into the Nagoya Protocol on the Integrated Information Exchange System, and the remaining information is to be submitted after the enactment of Law on Genetic Resources and its supporting by-laws are developed.
It is also working on the development of a web based national information exchange system under the
"Strengthening Human Resources, Legal Frameworks, and Institutional Capacities to Implement the Nagoya Protocol” project. The website will contains the following information:
o Introduction to the Nagoya protocol o Law on Genetic Resources
o By-laws supporting implementation of the Law Genetic Resources o Introduction to the National Coordinator
o Introduction to a National Authority
o Information on the value of the genetic resources
o Information about the value of traditional knowledge related to genetic resources o Links to traditional knowledge database related to genetic resources.
Based on current published information, Mongolia's potential genetic resources were identified included in the database that contains information on biological and ecological information of the plants, animals and micro-organisms, as well as the traditional knowledge used and protected (Table 2). Broad group of users including decision makers, researchers, private sector, non-governmental organizations, local communities and intellectual property experts etc. have differentiated access to this database. Currently, the database contains the following information:
• 212 types of animal parts used for traditional medicine, 53 types of animal parts used for production and 2 types of animal parts used in agriculture.
• 561 plant species from 276 genera also included for its use in 558 types traditional medicine, 90 type of use in traditional nomadic livelihoods and 50 types of food.
• Microorganism database currently have information on 53 strains of microorganisms. These microorganisms were extracted from soil, plant roots, traditional dairy products, various yeasts (e.g. bread yeasts), wild berries and fruits grown in Mongolia, disease carrier rodents and pests, stomachs and gastrointestinal tract of young animals, and crude oil.
• In agricultural sector 127 traditional knowledge were registered, of which 63.0% is in the area of fodder preparation, 23.6% in food processing, 12.6% in artisanal garment making and handicrafts and 0.8% is in the area of fertilizer production.
• Mongolian scientists have identified the over 11,000 recipes used in the traditional medicine.
Of those, some 200 most important for traditional medicines were selected and plant and animal derivate components of each recipe were fully studied. These 200 traditional
medicines use over 300 medicinal plants and around 100 animal derivate, of which 150 plants are internationally recognized.
Table 2. Content of the Genetic Resources database (as of 2018) Taxonomic
classification/
Sector
Number of species
Traditional knowledge/application cases
Medicine Agriculture Processing Food Household
Animal 102 212 2 53
Plants 561 558 50 90
Microorganisms 53
Agriculture
sector 127 127
Pharmacology 11000 11000
Source: UNDP-GEF project: Strengthening Human Resources, Legal Frameworks, and Institutional Capacities to Implement the Nagoya Protocol, 2018
The Plant and Agricultural Science Research Institute in Darkhan-Uul province has worked many years on the collection and storage of genetic resources for crop plants. Currently, the institute’s Gene bank stores and uses seed material of 20,500 varieties from 70 different crops, seed materials of 1300 medicinal and useful plants with 245 varieties and also keeps 135 varieties of 70 crops in
experimental fields.
“Strengthening Human Resources, Legal Frameworks, and Institutional Capacities to Implement the Nagoya Protocol” project has set up a media team comprised 20 journalists from the main press in Mongolia to increase public participation in public awareness of the genetic resources and public awareness of the demands of the legal environment. A Facebook (www.facebook.com/undp.abs.mn) is also set up to reach out general public and the target group and provide a technical and policy issues around genetic resources and to share information on project implementation.
For the implementation measure, please indicate to which national or Aichi Biodiversity Target(s) it contributes
Assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation measure taken in achieving desired outcomes:
Measure taken has been effective
Measure taken has been partially effective Measure taken has been ineffective Unknown
Please explain the selection and where possible indicate the tools or methodology used for the assessment of effectiveness above
The NPBD’s expected midterm output under this Objective was:
By 2018, knowledge and experience of registering genetic resource, GMO and database establishment is created.
To date the full-fledged genetic resources and GMOs database has not been created. However, based on published information, Mongolia's potential genetic resources have been identified and included in database. The database has records of 102 animal species, 561 plants and 53 microorganisms that are used for pharmacology, agriculture, food, processing industry and household use. In parallel, the Plant and Agricultural Science Research Institute’s Gene bank has seed material of 20,500 varieties from 70 different crops, seed materials of 1300 medicinal and useful plants with 245 varieties.
Relevant websites, web links and files (Please use this field to indicate any relevant websites, web links or documents where additional information related to this assessment can be found).
https://www.legalinfo.mn/law/details/536 www.facebook.com/undp.abs.mn
http://www.mn.undp.org/content/mongolia/en/home/projects/strengthening-human-resources--legal-frameworks--and-institution.html
Bayarsukh, N. (2015). Strengthening the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture in Mongolia. Journal of agricultural sciences №15 (02) pp. 173-179
Narantsetseg, Ya. Namjilsuren, J. Ayursaikhan, T. Research on Genetic Resources of Food and Agriculture of Mongolia
Ochgerel, N. Enkhtuya, L. (2019). Collection of genes of herbaceous herbs and plants. Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. pp. 1-272.
Goal 3. Create a legal environment for the protection, sustainable use, and fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from widely used and economically significant genetic resources, and to implement sustainable use, and protection from genetic erosion and depletion.
Objective 7. Create a legal environment enabling the sustainable use and fair and equitable sharing of