aerobic bioreactors for sewage treatment
4.6 othEr AEroBIc tEchnologIES .1 Aerobic granules.1 Aerobic granules
The development of the Aerobic Granules technology Nerada® developed by Royal Haskoning DHV is another novel aerobic biological process which similar to Anaerobic Ammonia Oxidation and Shortcut Nitrogen Removal systems encourages the growth of the desired biomass through the effective control of the environmental growth conditions. Several full scale installations currently exist and these are showing that along with the improved process outcomes there is a significant energy saving achieved through the implementation of the Aerobic Granule technology. In Epe, Netherlands, the overall energy requirement for the wastewater treatment plant was reduced by 35% after the installation of the Nerada® process and while at Frielas, Portugal, the specific air requirement (m3 air/kg CODremoved day) is 60% of the parallel Conventional Activated Sludge system. (Giesen & Thompson, 2013).
4.7 concluSIonS
Aerobic biological treatment has formed the corner stone of sewage treatment for the past 100 years and is likely to continue to form a major part of the sewage treatment plant of the future. Aerobic biological treatment produces clean water suitable for discharge to surface waters or further processing into usable water cheaply and efficiently without the use of chemicals or the production of more concentrated streams. Despite being an economical process the delivery of oxygen to the bacteria is still energy intensive and very inefficient, thereby presenting the opportunity for innovative aerobic biological processes which treat the sewage more efficiently and economically using less energy. Over the past 10 years several processes have been developed and are beginning to be seen at full scale sewage treatment plants. While these innovative processes reduce operation cost the overall impact on the capital cost on a new build or a upgrade site has yet determined.
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