No plugging required

Example 3. Six line printing 1. Connect 33F to 32F

2. Connect 32A to 33A; 32B to 33B;

32C to 33C; 32D to 33D;

32E to 3.3E 3. No plugging required

&.

Connect 32S to 32T

Selection of the memo locations to be rinted on each line.

In Multiline worl there is a set of 1 relays brought into play, different ones of which can be energized on different lines under the control of the plugboard. Further, by plugging the memory locations to the contacts of these relays, the characters to be printed out on each line can be selected simply Qy the relays which have been choSen to be energized for each line.

Each relay has 12 contacts and thus can handle 12 digits. The first step, then, is to decide how many relays are re~uired to print each line and to plug them accordingly. To avomd

con-fUSion, relays should be chosen sequentially. Thus, if

40

digits are to be printed on the first line,

48

digits on the second line and

6

digits on the third line, relays 1, 2, 3, and

4

^(room

for a total of

48

digits) should be plugged %lfXJllXIJIIIIIIYIIJ

DIIB~%X to operate on the first line; 5, 6, ^{7, and} 8 should be plugged for the second line and relay 9 for the thi~line.

This is accomplished as follows (see upper right hand portion of the plugboard): Holes 32G, H, I, J, K, and L (labled "ML Counter, 1, 2, 3,

4,

^5,

6",

respectivelY) give output signals in turn when

the printer is on line 1, 2, 3,

IIIXk

etc., of a Multiline operation.

Holes 33G and 34F (internally connected together), 33H and 34G, 331 and 34H, ••• ,33U and 34T are pairs of holes going to the 15 relays coils in order. They are labeled 1 to 15 on the plugboard.

To operate relay 1 on line 1, run a jumper between holes 32G and 34F. Then to also pick up relays 2, 3, and

4

on line 1, as r~

quired in the e.;ample, run jumpers betli'een 33G and 34G, 33H and 34H,

and 331 and

}4{Illf

ThiS, of course, could be extended if more relays were required to be picked up on line 1. (As many as 10 relays may be used on any given line. This gives sufficient contacts--120, to handle the entire memor,y.)

For line 2, 'again assuming four relays are to be picked up, plug 32H (line 2 output) to 34J (relay 5 coil). Then plug 33K to

III

^34K,

33L to 34L and 33M to 34M.

- 12 ...

On line 3, only one relay is assumed required. Pick this up by connecting 321 to 34N.

One important rule should now be no.ed: If, on any given line

in a Multiline operation, zero, one, or two relays are used, then a resistor must be plugged in on that line. This is easily done by running a

jumper-a. From the unused hole in the pair corresponding to the second rela.r in the chain (if 2 relays are used), or

b. From the unused hole in the pair corresponding to the s ingl e relay (if only one relay is us ed) • or

c. From the line output hole itself (holes 32G to L) if no relays are us eel (i. e., nothing is to print on that particular line) to one of the six holes in the section marked "Resistors" (holes 32M to R) Thus, in the example aLove, since only one relay is used on line 3, a jumper should be run from hole 330 to 32M. Note carefully that this plugging of resistors applies only to the lines within the group size selected for the Multiline opera-tion. Thus, in the above example where a 3 line Hultiline was assumed, nothing at all need be plugged to the last three

output lines (32J, K, and L) since they will never be excited.

This should not be confused with the situation where, say, in a

4

line Multiline it is not desired to print anything on line 2. Here, no relay need be eonnected to line 2, but a resistor should be.

Having wired up the relay coils, the next step is to send the memor.y locations (actually, comparator outputs) to the proper

rel~ contacts. The 180 relay contacts (12115) go to 180 pairs of holes which are located in columns 17 through 31 in the upper plugboard panel. One column represents the contacts for one relay.

Now, unless the run is exclusively Multiline, the plugboard will have already been wired for Single Line Printing, as described in Section 3. 'fhat is, the holes in columns 1 through

5

(labiled "From Canparatorrt ) will be wired to the

paired holes in columns 6 through 16 (labeled "To Single Line Relays"). Thus, each memor" location can, in general, be picked up from the unused hole in the pair here. If certain memor,y locations do not print in Single Line work (and are to print in Multiline wmrk), or if there is to be no Single Line Printing at all, then the memor.y locations must be picked up from the first five columns directly. It is

then simply a question of taking those memor,y locations which are to print on the first line and plugging them se~uential~

to the relays which have been assigned to the first line, and

similarly for the other lines. Remember that the holes corresponding to the relay contacts are paired.

As an example, suppose the first

40

memor.y locations are to print in Single Line Printing in positions 1-40. Then hole 1A would have been plugged to 6A, lB to 6C, IC to 6E, ••• , 2P to 9G. Now suppose these same

40

memor.y locations are also to print on line 1 of a Multiline operation. The first 4 rel~s (columns 17, 18, 19, and 20) would have been

allo-cated for this purpose. Then the plugging would be: 6B to l1A, 6n to l1C, 6F to l7E, ••• , 9H to 20GJ Notice that

maqy contacts on the fourth relay are unused. Information to print on line 2 would be plugged starting with the fifth relay (column 21).

Selection of the ~rintin~location for each character.

The other sides ⁰

the

~tiline relay contacts go to

a

set of 180 pairs of holes on the lower plugboard panel (columns

1

through 21). Again, each column corresponds to a relay.

Thus, column 11 on the upper panel is the "input" side of relay 1, while column 1 on the lower panel is the "output ..

side of the same relay. The individual holes in the columns are likewise in one-to-one correspondence. Thus, a comparator signal entering the first (or second) hole in column 11 of the top panel will appear at the first (and second) hole in column 1 of the bottom panel when relay 1 is energized (i.e., on line one).

The first five columns and the first ten holes of the sixth column o~ the lower panel (making 130 holes in all)

are connected ODe-to one to the 130 thyratrons which drive the printing hammers. The procedure now is to connect the line 1 relay outputs

(however MaQY relays may be used for line 1) to the tnyratron holes

in the manner desired. Now on line 2, some of the characters may need to be

14

-printed in, as yet, unused positions. These are plugged directly to the corresponding tqyratrons. othftr characters (or more properly, memor.y locations) may need to be printed in positions already

print-ed on line 1. To do this, plug from these particular holes in the line 2 relay output set to those unused holes of the pairs of the line 1 relay output, where the other hole of the pair is already plugged to the desired thyratron.

A similar procedure is followed for line 3 and the following lines.

There will always be a free hole in a relay output pair into which a jumper from an output on a later line can be plUgged to achieve printing in the same position as the eaRlier line.

As an eaample of the above plugging, consider the following exercise:

Print the first three memor,y locations in the first three print positions on line 1; the next four memor.y locations in the first four positions on line 2; and the the next

5

memo~ locations in the first five positions

of line 3.

It is assumed that the first Multiline relay has been assigned for line 1, the second for line 2, and the third for line 3. FUrther, that the comparator outputs have been picked up and are plugged

into, in order, 17A, 17C, 17E, 18A, l8C, l8E, 18G, 19A, 19C, 19E, 19G,

and 191 (all on the lower panel). The required plugging then is (all on the lower panel):

1A to lA, 7C to 1B, 1E to lC (line 1) 8A to 1B,

Be

to 1D,

BE

to 7F, 8G to 10 (line 2) 9A to 8B, 9C to

BD,

9E to 8F, 9G to 8H. 91 to IE (line 3) 8. Multiple Printing

o

a memor,y location a line.

B.y means of the paired

- 15 "

to do this. simply plug from the unused hole in the first position chosen to one of the paired holes (preferably the top) in the

second place where printing is desired. If triplicating is required, run a jumper from the unused hole of .the second position to the third position.

Example: Print the contents of the first memory location in positions 1, 61, and 121.

Plug lA to 6A

6B to llA lIB to 16A

I f some of the memor,y positions for Single !dne Printing are common to Multiline Printing also, it is desirable to do the Multiple

plugging for Single Line first, then the last unused hole in aplir fcay be connected to the Multiline relays.

In Multiline work, a charac er canno y e printe out imes on a given line, but then can be printed out up to 3 times again on any other line in the group. This is done byttchain plugginglt, as noted above, in the "To Multiline Relays" section of the plugboard. By connecting the output to contacts on relays (or a single relay), which close on the same line, the digit may be printed up to 3 times on that same line. Then by extending the chain of plugging to relays which close on other lines, the same character may be repeated on

those lines_ On the lower panel, the positioning of the characters on the line is taken care of as in regulq Multiline work(discussed in Section

1).

Example: Print out memor.Y location 1 in positions 1 and 61 on Single Line operation. On

Multiline operation print out memory location 1 in positions 1,

25,

and

49

on line 1, and

in positions

25

and

49

on line 2.

Assume relay I is energized on line 1, and relay 2 on line 2. Then the plugging is,by panel:

16

-On the upper panel, plug

On the lower panel, plug

lA to 6A 6B to llA lIB to l1A l1B to l1C l1D to l1E l1F to 18A l8B to l8C 1A to lA 1C to 2A

1E to 3A 8A to 1D 8C to 1F

Note that by this method it is possible to have, at most, 180 print-outs from one bleckette in Multiline, since there are only 180 relay contacts. However, there is complete flexibility in the positioning of the informationan each line and, of course, complete independence between Single Line and Multiline Printing.

There is another system for dOing multiple printing on Multiline which allows the entire memor.y to be triplicated, if desired (i.e., produce as many as 360 print-outs from one blockette). However, in using this method there must be no Single Line work at allor, if Single Line operation does occur, one must accept the same duplicating or triplicating pattern as is plugged for the Multiline work.

This system is particular~ useful where each line of the Mul tiline group is f rinted directly under the line above and the group

as

a whole is duplicated or triplicated across the page. This system is ased as follows:

1. Plug for straight Multiline work as in Section 1.

ignoring the Multiple Printing problem (i.e., simply plugging for one printing).

2. On the lower panel, in the "From Multiline Relays"

section, outputs going to the same print position on different lines will have been chain plugged together and run to one set of thyratron holes.

However, each of the outputs for the last line will have a free hole. If only duplicating of the group is required, run straight jumpers from t~;ese free holes to the appropriate thyratron holes. If

triplicating is required, ·Y" jumpers are used to connect each free output hole to two thyratrons.

Example: Print the first memor.y location on line 1, the second memor.y location on line 2 and the third on line 3. On all three lines the printing is to be in tripli-cate, printing in columns 1, 49, and 97. (Use the first Multiline relay on line 1, the second on line 2 and the third on line 3.) On the upper panel, plug lA to l7A

lB to 18A 1C to 19A On the lower panel, plug 7A to lA

8A to 7B 9A to 8B

9B to 3A and 5A ^(ttytt jumper) Note that if the printer should go into Single Line Printing

and if something were plugged to print (on Single Line) in either pOSitions 1, 49, or 97, it would print in all three positions. This might be all right but, if independently some other memory location should be plugged to another of these three points, there would be trouble. (The printer would stop with a Print Check Error.) Thus, great care must be exercised in using this method of Multiple Printing if Single Line operation can alao occur in the run.

9. Checking Features

The error detection circuits on the High-Speed Printer may be considered in the three sections through which information recorded on tape is printed: 1- reading of data from tape, 2- storage of data in the memor.y, and 3- printing of the memory.

18

-Error detection in reading tape. Each digit read from tape is given a binary bit count. If the number of binary ones present is odd the character has been read from tape cor-rectly. If an even count is detected, the remainder of the blockette is read, but the Odd-Even Check Error is set and the printer stpps. Nothing is printed.

Further, each blockette read from tape must contain exactly 120 digits. If a blockette is longer or shorter than 120 di«its, the printer will set the 120 Check Error and stop.

Nothing will be printed.

Error detection in storage. Each of the digits coming from the tape is placea in thelProper position in the memory b,y

virtue of the set of 120 address lines, which are sequen-tially excited

qy

the function table which decodes the Main

(or Address) Counter. If an address line should fail to rise to the signal level when it is supposed to, the corres-ponding digit coming from tape could not enter the memory.

The Address Check circuits look for this and, if an address line should fail to be excited at the proper time, the i;.ddress Check Error is set and the printer stopped.

The fundamental checking of the printing is one means of the group of 130 check thyratronS working in conjunction with the All-Out Detector.

At the end of each print cycle, all 130 check thyratrons should be extinguished and the All-Out Detector looks for this. If some column fails to print when it should or prints an incorrect character, its aheck th,yratron will be on when probed. This causes the machine to stop with the Print Check

~rror set.

The determination of whether all check thyratrons have been extinguished or nto is made by a circuit called the All-Out Detector. If this circuit should fail in a certain way, a steady All-Out Signal would be given and printing error would fail to stop the machine. To guard against thiS, the All-Out Detector is itself checked eve~ line and, if not functioning properly, the printer will stop with the All-Out Detector

Error set.

In addition to 'the major checking circuits described above, there are other checks applied to the control circuits and paper feed mechanism to ensure complete accuracy of printing.

The description of these checks rel.uires a detailed under-standing of the printer logic.

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On rJi nglc line operation, the 120 diCi ts of the input blockot to are printed on the first 120 positions of the 1.30 diG:i.t line. rrhe last 10

;)ir~j.t. _{.... ...} r:osi.tions 01'2 tho line arc not used. There uil1 ·oc no 7tcro Guprcss:5.on _"

on sin,':::J.c: line operation.

T'hc ?i u.1 ttlino operation :·rill be plugGed for (.- line muJ. tiline and t",ill 'print as follows:

On ';,hc ;. ... irs t linn, digitn 1] trru 36 of t.he' input blocl'.r'.", te \;111 print on pos it i one ({) t hru 8.'1 .•

On the ^8(;C and line therE; vJill be no ~:l"'i.nt.inr..

()n the third line, di~its 37 ^{thru Jj8} will print on positions ^'7 I thru

Ie,

d.i.Gits

49

^{thru 60 ~!il1} print on posit:ions 31 thru 1! ') .. ^~

,

digits 61 tbru 72 1:iil1 print on r'osi.tj ons

:>,:;

t}-;ru hh ,

,

dj~~it8

13

^thru

D4

^{'t'Jil1 print on positions} 79 thru 90,

an: _cEGits h ^{tlilll 12} will print on positions IOn thru 11)t.

On the fonrth Ij.ne there t>:ill be no rr:l.nt:1nc.

diGits £9 thru 92 lIt11 print on posit.ions 23 thru 21),

digits 97 t.bru laC -vli}l print on T"1osit/.cnc f~3 t~j:r"U [;6, d.i[;i tJS 101 thru IJL ^1-,r~ill r:~rj_r;.t Of! 7:oSJtJ.onD 6f thru ⁷¹ I .~ ,

di::its 10;; thru 10[' Hi1} pr~~.nt on }iOS:i tions rJ thru 8(,

Uii:its ID9 tnru 112 ^irjjJ.l print on po~.dtionc 9F thru 101,

,,''t.., :~ ;. ts ^{1 .-}J 3 ^{t}.ru 1 1.} r: ~ri 1. l ~~l~:~ 't~1 +r r."" :'or-:l ^{O; __ }} Q':"~~: ...., _I.t..;' ^" _t,':.l'U 11/:.

(2)

There uill be one zero supre~sio!1 field or: multiline printin~, it

\~i.ll be on dicits 9 thru 12. r:i[~i ts 1 thru 3 3.nd 117 thru 120 Hi 11 not print on multiline operation.

,[hiG plugboard ~'TiJ.l be uSEd j n ('O!'l~hmction ~vi th a 6f, line raper loop with aolu.,,·m 1 punched in lirl0 2, COlW.ll 2 Pll.l1ched in every even line,

colurrm 3 plll1chcd in cvc~J th~~ro 15ne, column 11 p1IDched ever~.r sixt'h line, colu.rrm. ~;~ punched in Ijdne (~..i, co1w .. v:. 6 punched ir. line 1, and coll~ln 7 punc hl::(l i.n line 1.

Im Dokument A Paper Presented At (Seite 33-46)