2.1.1 Chemicals and solvents
Table 1: List of chemicals used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
1,10-Phenanthroline Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Anhydrotetracycline IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
(L-)Arginine Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
(L-)Ascorbic acid Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
β-Mercaptoethanol Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany
BCIP Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
Betaine Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Biotin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Biotin Blocking Buffer IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany Bovine Serum Albumin Fraction V Fisher Scientific, Schwerte, Germany
Bradford reagent Cytoskeleton, Denver, USA
Bromophenol blue Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
C55-P Larodan Fine Chemicals, Malmö, Sweden
CENTATM Calbiochem, Darmstadt, Germany
Chloroform J.T. Baker, Griesheim, Germany
(D-)Desthiobiotin IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
DMF Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
DMSO Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
EDTA Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
Ethanol Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany
Ethynyl-D-alanyl-D-alanine Pepmic Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China Ethynyl-L-alanyl-L-alanine Pepmic Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
Glycerol Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
HCl Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
KH2PO4 Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
LE-Agarose Biozym, Hamburg, Germany
(D-)Mannitol Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Methanol J.T. Baker, Griesheim, Germany
MgCl2 Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Midori Green Advanced Nippon Genetics Europe, Düren, Germany
MOPS Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
NaOH Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
Na2HPO4 Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
NBT Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
NovexTM sharp prestained protein ladder Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA PAGEruler prestained protein ladder 1kb Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA PAGEruler unstained protein ladder 1kb Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
Perchloric acid 70 % Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany
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Name Manufacturer
Paraformaldehyde Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany
Quick-Load 1kb DNA ladder New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA Remazol Brilliant Blue Dye Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
SDS Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
Strep-Tactin® Sepharose IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
Sucrose Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
SYBR Green Fermentas, St. Leon-Rot, Germany
TEMED Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
(D-)Trehalose Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Triton X-100 Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Tri-Track loading dye Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
Uridine 5′-diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine sodium salt
Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany Vectashield Mounting Medium Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, USA
ZnCl2 Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
2.1.2 Enzymes
Table 2: List of enzymes used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
α-Amylase from Aspergillus oryzae Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany α-Chymotrypsin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany Alkaline phosphatase conjugate IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
Benzonase Novagen, Darmstadt, Germany
BamHI New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA
BsaI HF New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA
EcoRI HF New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA
NcoI HF New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA
D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Lysozyme Novagen, Darmstadt, Germany
Phusion® HF Polymerase Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
T4 Ligase New England Biolabs, Ipswich, USA
2.1.3 Kits
Table 3: List of kits used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
Click-iT® Cell Reaction Buffer Kit Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA HotStarTaq® DNA Polymerase Kit Qiagen, Hilden, Germany
LIVE/DEAD® BacLight™ Bacterial Viability Kit
Molecular Probes, Carlsbad, USA Nucleospin Gel and PCR Clean-up Kit Macherey Nagel, Düren, Germany
QIAamp DNA Mini Kit Qiagen, Hilden, Germany
QIAprep Spin Miniprep Kit Qiagen, Hilden, Germany QIAquick PCR purification Kit Qiagen, Hilden, Germany
QuantaBluTM Fluorogenic Peroxidase Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
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Name Manufacturer
Substrate Kit
QuikChange Lightning Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit
Agilent Technologies, Waldbronn, Germany Strep Tactin Miniprep Spin Column Kit IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
2.1.4 Technical equipment
Table 4: List of technical equipment and devices used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
96-well cell culture well plates, clear, flat bottom, with lid
Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany Bench-top centrifuge 5417R Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany Bench-top centrifuge Mikro 200 Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany
Biacore® T100 GE Healthcare, Chicago, USA
Binocular Leitz Diavert Leitz, Wetzlar, Germany
BLItz® system device Pall ForteBio, Fremont, USA
Borosilicate glass beads 3mm Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany Cellstar standard cell culture flasks Greiner, Frickenhausen, Germany
CM5 sensor chip GE Healthcare, Chicago, USA
Corning cell lifter Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Electrophoresis power supply consort EV243 Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA FalconTM Chambered Cell Culture Slides BD Falcon, Corning, USA
FastGene Led Illuminator Nippon Genetics Europe, Düren, Germany
Fraction Collector FC204 Gilson, Middleton, USA
Freeze dryer Alpha 2-4 LSC Martin Christ, Osterode am Harz, Germany
Gel DocTM EZ Imager Bio-Rad, München, Germany
Heraeus Multifuge 1 S-R Heraeus Instruments, Hanau, Germany Hi-Trap DEAE FF column Amersham Biosciences, Freiburg, Germany
HPLC Gilson, Middleton, USA
Incubator Type B6120 Heraeus Instruments, Hanau, Germany
MicroPulserTM Bio-Rad, München, Germany
Mini-PROTEAN® 12 % Precast Gels Bio-Rad, München, Germany Mini-PROTEAN® Tetra Electrophoresis System Bio-Rad, München, Germany Nanophotometer TM 7122v1.6.1 Implen, München, Germany
Neubauer counting chamber improved Laboroptik, Bad Homburg, Germany Nitrocellulose blotting membrane Amersham Biosciences, Freiburg, Germany
PCR cycler MWG-Biotech, Ebersberg, Germany
PierceTM Streptavidin Coated Plates Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
Polypropylene column Qiagen, Hilden, Germany
QIAcube robotic workstation Qiagen, Hilden, Germany
Rotavapor RE11 Büchi Labortechnik, Flawil, Switzerland
Rotorgene 6000 Corbett Life Sciences, Sydney, Australia
Shaker MaxQ 5000 Mod4360 Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA Silica plate TLC Silica Gel 60 Merck Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany Sorvall Discovery M120 SE Fisher Scientific, Schwerte, Germany Sorvall Evolution EC Superspeed Centrifuge Fisher Scientific, Schwerte, Germany SparkTM 10M multimode microplate reader Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland
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Name Manufacturer
Spectramax® 340PC Molecular Devices, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
Streptavidin biosensors Pall ForteBio, Fremont, USA SunriseTM microplate reader Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland
Teflon tubes Nalgene, Rochester, USA
Trans-Blot TurboTM Transfer System Bio-Rad, München, Germany UviLine 9400 photometer SI Analytics, Mainz, Germany
Vortexer RS-VA10 Phoenix Instruments, Garbsen, Germany
Zeba Spin Desalting Columns 7K MWCO Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA ZeissAxio VertA.1 Epifluorescence microscope Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany Zeiss Laser Scanning Microscope 710 Carl Zeiss AG, Oberkochen, Germany
2.1.5 Culture media and supplements
Table 5: Culture media and agar plates used in this thesis.
Name Composition/Manufacturer
ATCC medium: 200 YM medium 3 g yeast extract, 3 g malt extract, 10 g dextrose, 5 g peptone, ad 1 l aqua dest.; pH 6.2
L15 Leibovitz medium Invitrogen, Darmstadt, Germany
Lysogeny broth (LB) medium 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract, 10 g NaCl, ad 1 l aqua dest.; pH 7.5
LB agar 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract, 10 g NaCl, 15 g
agar, ad 1 l aqua dest.; pH 7.5
Mueller-Hinton agar Becton Dickinson GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany
Mueller-Hinton broth Carl Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany
NaCl-free LB broth 10 g tryptone, 5 g yeast extract, ad 1 l aqua dest.;
pH 7.5
Super optimal broth (SOC) medium Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA Tryptone soya broth (TSB) Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA Table 6: Culture media supplements used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
α-cardiac actin from bovine cardiac muscle Hypermol, Bielefeld, Germany
BactoTM-Yeast extract Becton Dickinson, Heidelberg, Germany
BactoTM-Tryptone Becton Dickinson, Heidelberg, Germany
Biotin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Cholesterol Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) PAA Laboratories, Colbe, Germany
Lipid Mixture PeproTech Inc, Hamburg, Germany
MEM non-essential amino acids PAA Laboratories, Colbe, Germany Penicillin/Streptomycin PAA Laboratories, Colbe, Germany
Sodium pyruvate Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Tryptose phosphate broth PAA Laboratories, Colbe, Germany
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Table 7: Antibiotics used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
Aztreonam Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Ampicillin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Bacitracin AppliChem GmbH, Darmstadt, Germany
BocillinTM FL penicillin Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
Clindamycin Alfa Aesar, Ward Hill, USA
Chloramphenicol Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Doxycycline Calbiochem, Darmstadt, Germany
Fosfomycin Infectopharm, Heppenheim, Germany
Mecillinam Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Penicillin G Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Polymyxin B Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Rifampicin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Sulfamethoxazol Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Tetracycline Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Trimethoprim Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Vancomycin Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
2.1.7 Antibodies and fluorophores
Table 8: Antibodies and fluorophores used in this thesis.
Name Manufacturer
Alexa Fluor® 488 azide Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA Alexa Fluor® 594 azide Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
DAPI Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) secondary antibody, Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugate
Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) secondary
antibody, Alexa Fluor® 594 conjugate
Thermo Scientific, Waltham, USA
Nile red Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany
Rabbit wPAL anti-serum Taylor Laboratory, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
Rabbit Wolbachia FtsZ anti-serum Sullivan Laboratory, University of California, Santa Cruz, USA
Strep-MAB-Immo monoclonal antibody IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany Strep-Tactin® Alkaline phosphatase conjugate IBA Lifesciences, Göttingen, Germany
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