Both the exhaustible and renewable resources available in Arab countries generate rents that are likely to be further mobilized for development and where the knowledge economy components could become important drivers for inclusive growth. Current and future levels of rents related to oil and gas are too important and need to be further directed to research, education, innovation, enterprise creation and creation of new technologies and institutions. The managerial and governance components are likely to play an important role in mobilizing these rents towards higher social efficiency.
There are countries that are successful in generating further access to knowledge economy through a better use of funds based on rents from natural resources. These economies could be used as starting models to improve the use of rents. Participation and
inclusion of all to these processes are means to ensure the improvement of the governance towards creating new enterprises and enlarging the market economies in the Arab world. The risks of exhaustion of rents and moves towards more diversification push also for a higher access to the knowledge economy through the efficient use of the current rents. This dynamic process is by itself knowledge based and needs to be continuously run to capture future opportunities for further inclusive growth in the Arab economies. But, the overall results attained in this paper show how natural resource rents constitute a curse for the future pursuit of knowledge economy development and adoption. But as discussed in the literature review, some Arab countries are shown with blessings from natural resources. This call for further analysis of the data for each individual Arab country. But, the transformation of curse to a sustainable blessings is the promising economic and social direction of change that could increase further inclusive growth in the Arab economies.
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