Transcendent ontologies assume that the source of existence is beyond that which exists, while immanent ontologies place the source within all actual things, beings, and places.
Singular expression ontologies assume existence is whole (One)—it cannot be broken apart in some way, while plural expression ontologies assume existence is an aggregate of parts (Many).
A static state ontology assumes that existence simply is (being), while a dynamic state ontology assumes that existence is continually changing (becoming).
Generic Elements Integrative Governance
Ontological Assumptions Relational Becoming
(Differentiated Relational)
Psychosocial Theory Ensembling individuality
Epistemological Concepts Integral Knowing
Belief Systems Co-Creationism
Ethical Concepts Stewardship
Political Theory Radical Democracy
Economic Theory Coopetition
Administrative Theory Facilitative Coordination
Driving Principal Integrative Process
Source: (Stout and Love, 2019)
Appendix D
Readings
Akomolafe, B. (September 2-3, 2016). Pagan insurgencies and com-post humusities: Re-visioning the commons as ‘commoning’ in a more-than-human world. Presentation, Peer Value Conference, Amsterdam. http://bayoakomolafe.net/project/pagan- insurgencies-and-com-post-humusities-re-visioning-the-commons-as-commoning-in-a-more-than-human-world/
Alexander, C., Ishikawa S., Silverstienm, M. (1977). A pattern language: Towns, buildings, construction. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Alexander, C. (1979). The timeless way of building. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Alexander, C. (2002a) The nature of order: an essay on the art of building and the nature of the universe.
Vol I, The phenomenon of life. Berkley, CA: Centre for Environmental Structure.
Alexander, C. (2002b). The nature of order: an essay on the art of building and the nature of the universe.
Vol II, The process of creating life. Berkley, CA: Centre for Environmental Structure.
Alexander, C. (2004). The nature of order: an essay on the art of building and the nature of the universe.
Vol IV, The luminous ground. Berkley, CA: Centre for Environmental Structure.
Alexander, C. (2005). The nature of order: an essay on the art of building and the nature of the universe.
Vol III, A vision of a living world. Berkley, CA: Centre for Environmental Structure.
Arsenault, C. (December 5, 2014). Only 60 years of farming left if soil degradation continues.
Scientific American. Retrieved from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/only-60-years-of-farming-left-if-soil-degradation-continues/
Blencowe, C. (2016). The matter of spirituality and the commons. In S. Kirwan, L. Dawney,
& J. Brigstocke (Eds.), Space, power and the commons: The struggle for alternative futures (pp.
185-203). New York, NY: Routledge.
Bollier, D. and Helfrich, S. (2019). Free, fair and alive: The insurgent power of the commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.
Bresnihan, P. (2016). The more-than-human-commons: From commons to commoning. In S. Kirwan, L. Dawney, & J. Brigstocke (Eds.), Space, power and the commons: The struggle for alternative futures (pp. 93-112). New York, NY: Routledge.
De Bloois, J. (February 1, 2016). The ontologized commons. Open! Platform for Art, Culture
& the Public Domain. www.onlineopen.org/the-ontologized-commons.
De Angelis, M. (2017). Omnia Sunt Communia: On the Commons and the Transformation to Postcapitalism. London, UK: Zed, 2017.
46 .
Appendix D
Dewandre, N. (2018). Political agents as relational selves: Rethinking EU politics and policy-making with Hannah Arendt. Philosophy Today 62(2).
Diaw, M. C. (2016). À nouveau le temps des communs? Communs enchâssés et communs collaboratifs dans l’économie nouvelle. Presentation, Communs et Développement, Agence Française de Développement, 2 décembre, Paris.
Doran, P. (2017). A political economy of attention, mindfulness and consumerism: Reclaiming the mindful commons. New York, NY: Routledge.
Escobar, A. (2014). Feel-thinking with the Earth (in Spanish: Sentipensar con la tierra). Medellin, Colombia: Ediciones Unaula.
Escobar, A. (2017). Designs for the pluriverse: Radical interdependence, autonomy, and the making of worlds. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Follett, M. P. (1998 [1918]). The new state: Group organization the solution of popular government.
University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Haraway, D. (1988). Situated knowledges: The science question in feminism and the privilege of partial perspective. Feminist Studies 14(3): 575-599.
Hardt, M. and Negri, A. (2012). “Event of the Commoner.” In: Hardt, M. and A. Negri, Declaration. Argo Navis Author Services.
Jeffrey, A., McFarlane, C., Vasudevan, A. (2011). Rethinking Enclosure: Space, Subjectivity and the Commons. Antipode 0(0): 1–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8330.2011.00954.x Johnson-DeBaufre, M., Keller, C., & Ortega-Aponte, E. (Eds.). (2015). Common goods: Economy,
ecology, and political theology. New York, NY: Fordham University Press.
Jones, B. M. (2019). (Com)Post-Capitalism Cultivating a More-than-Human Economy in the Appalachian Anthropocene. Environmental Humanities 11(1). doi: 10.1215/22011919-7349347
Kanngieser, A., & Beuret, N. (2017). Refusing the world: Silence, commoning and the Anthropocene. South Atlantic Quarterly 116(2): 363-380. https://doi.
org/10.1215/00382876-3829456
Kuenkel, P., & Waddock, S. (2019). Stewarding aliveness in a troubled earth system. Cadmus:
Promoting Leadership in Thought that Leads to Action 4(1). Retrieved from https://www.
cadmusjournal.org/article/volume-4/issue-1/stewarding-aliveness-troubled-earth-system
Kocagöz, U. (2015). Rationality of the politics of commons. (Master thesis). Retrieved from Istanbul Bilgi University database. http://openaccess.bilgi.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/
handle/11411/954/Rationality%20of%20the%20politics%20of%20commons.pdf Massumi, B. & Manning, E. (September 15. 2014). Relational soup: Philosophy, art, and
activism. TEDxCalArts. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D2yHtYdI4bE&t=859s
Metzger, J. (2015). Expanding the subject of planning: Enacting the relational complexities of more-than-human urban common(er)s. In S. Kirwan, L. Dawney, & J. Brigstocke (Eds.), Space, power and the commons: The struggle for alternative futures. New York, NY:
Routledge.
Mulgan, G. (2012). Government with the people: The outlines of a relational state. In G. Cooke & R. Muir (Eds.), The relational state: How recognising the importance of human relationships could revolutionise the Role of the State (pp. 20-34). London: Institute for Public Policy Research.
Nightingale, A. (2019). Commoning for inclusion? Political communities, commons, exclusion, property and socio-natural becomings. International Journal of the Commons 13(1) 2019: 16–35.
Papadimitropoulos, V. (2017). The Politics of the Commons: Reform or Revolt? tripleC 15(2):
563-581.
Papadopoulos, D. (2012). Worlding justice/commoning matter. Occasion: Interdisciplinary Studies in the Humanities 3. Retrieved from https://arcade.stanford.edu/occasion/
worlding-justicecommoning-matter.
Singh, N. (2017). Becoming a commoner: The commons as sites for affective socio-nature encounters and co-becomings. Ephemera: Theory & Politics in Organization 17(4): 751-776.
Singh, N. (2018). Introduction: Affective ecologies and conservation. Conservation and Society 16(1): 1-7. doi: 10.4103/cs.cs_18_33.
Stears, M. (2012) The case for a state that supports relationships, not a relational state. In G. Cooke & R. Muir (Eds.), The relational state: How recognising the importance of human relationships could revolutionise the role of the state (pp. 35-44). London: Institute for Public Policy Research.
Stout, M. (2012). Competing ontologies: A primer for public administration. Public Administration Review 72 (3): 388–398. doi: 10.111/j.1540-6210.2012.02530.x
Stout, M. & Love, J. M. (2013). Relational process ontology: A grounding for global governance. Administration & Society 20(10): 1–35. doi: 10.1177/0095399713490692 Stout, M. & Love, J.M. (2015) Integrative process: Follettian thinking from ontology to
administration. Anoka, MN: Process Century Press.
Stout, M. & Love, J. M. (2016). A radically democratic response to global governance: Dystopian utopias.
New York: Routledge.
Stout, M. & Love, J. M. (2019). Integrative governance: Generating sustainable responses to global crises.
London, UK: Routledge.
Tola, M. (2016). Ecologies of the common: Feminism and the politics of nature (Doctoral dissertation).
Todd, Z. (2016). An indigenous feminist’s take on the ontological turn: ‘Ontology’ is just another word for colonialism. Journal of Historical Sociology 29: 4–22. doi: 10.1111/
johs.12124.
48 .
Appendix D
Velicu, I. & Garcia-Lopez, G. (2018). Thinking the commons through Ostrom and Butler: Boundedness and vulnerability. Theory, Culture & Society 0(0): 1-19. doi:
10.1177/0263276418757315.
Viveiros de Castro, E. (2004). Perspectival Anthropology and the Method of Controlled Equivocation.” Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America 2(1).
Walsh, Z. (2018). Contemplating the more-than-human commons. In G. Dayley (Ed.), The Arrow: A Journal of Wakeful Society, Culture & Politics 5(1): 4-17. https://arrow-journal.
org/contemplating-the-more-than-human-commons/.
Weber, A. (2016). Biology of wonder: Aliveness, feeling and the metamorphosis of science. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.
Weber, A. (2015). Reality as commons: A poetics of participation for the Anthropocene. In D. Bollier & S. Helfrich (Eds.), Patterns of commoning (pp. 369-392). Amherst, MA: The Commons Strategies Group.
White, S. K. (2000). Sustaining affirmation: The strengths of weak ontology in political theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Whitehead, A. N. (1920). Theories of the bifurcation of nature. In The Concept of Nature.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1920): 26-48.
Books written by some of the participants of the Deep Dive. Photo credit: Zack Walsh
September 9-12, 2019
By Zack Walsh and the Commons Strategies Group www.oneproject.academia.edu/ZackWalsh
www.commonsstrategies.org
Acknowledgements: Thanks to David Bollier, Silke Helfrich, and Thomas Bruhn whose critical feedback helped improve this report.
Thanks also to all the participants who contributed to this report.
www.commonsstrategies.org
www.iass-potsdam.de/en
Copyright © Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies and Commons Strategies Group, 2020.
This report is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License.
See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en.
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Cover image: Patrick Mcmanaman Title page 1 image: Mostafa Meraji Title page 2 image: Andrew Ridley