This study will give an overview on the susceptibility situation of porcine B.
bronchiseptica isolates in Germany [chapter 2] and will provide details on the occurrence and the localization of selected resistance genes in B. bronchiseptica isolates [chapters 3-6].
Based on the data from the susceptibility testing, isolates with high MICs to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were investigated for the corresponding resistance genes. As trimethoprim resistance genes are often located on gene cassettes and the sulphonamide resistance gene sul1 have been described to be part of class 1 integrons this part of the study focussed on the occurrence of integrons conferring resistance to trimethoprim and sulphonamides [chapter 3].
Two isolates carrying different plasmids were chosen to identify tetracycline resistance genes on mobile genetic elements [chapter 4].
Florfenicol is the only antimicrobial agent for which the CLSI gives veterinary-specific breakpoints to classify B. bronchiseptica isolates as susceptible, intermediate or resistant.
Resistant isolates were also investigated for chloramphenicol resistance genes, because all so far known florfenicol resistance genes also confer chloramphenicol resistance. In addition, chloramphenicol-resistant, but florfenicol-susceptible isolates were tested for the presence of chloramphenicol resistance genes [chapter 5].
Transferable β-lactam resistance has been described earlier in B. bronchiseptica,43,138 so the aim of this part of the study was to detect genes conferring resistance to β-lactams. For this purpose isolates with high MIC values to ampicillin were chosen [chapter 6].
Introduction chapter 1
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