• Keine Ergebnisse gefunden

The author was supported by the German Research Council (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft).

XVIII. REFERENCES

Adl, S. M.,Simpson, A. G.,Farmer, M. A.,Andersen, R. A.,Anderson, O.

R.,Barta, J. R.,Bowser, S. S.,Brugerolle, G.,Fensome, R. A.,Fredericq, S.,James, T. Y.,Karpov, S.,Kugrens, P.,Krug, J.,Lane, C. E.,Lewis, L.

A.,Lodge, J.,Lynn, D. H.,Mann, D. G.,McCourt, R. M.,Mendoza, L., Moestrup, O.,Mozley-Standridge, S. E.,Nerad, T. A.,Shearer, C. A., Smirnov, A. V.,Spiegel, F. W. &Taylor, M. F. (2005). The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology52, 399–451.

Adl, S. M.,Simpson, A. G. B.,Lane, C. E.,Lukes, J.,Bass, D.,Bowser, S. S., Brown, M. W.,Burki, F.,Dunthorn, M.,Hampl, V.,Heiss, A.,Hoppenrath, M.,Lara, E.,le Gall, L.,Lynn, D. H.,McManus, H.,Mitchell, E. A. D., Mozley-Stanridge, S. E.,Parfrey, L. W.,Pawlowski, J.,Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L.,Schoch, C. L.,Smirnov, A. &Spiegel, F. W. (2012). The revised classification of eukaryotes.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology59, 429–493.

Adoutte, A.,Delgado, P.,Fleury, A.,Levilliers, N.,Lain´e, M. C.,Marty, M.

C.,Boisvieux-Ulrich, E. &Sandoz, D. (1991). Microtubule diversity in ciliated cells: evidence for its generation by post-translational modification in the axonemes ofParameciumand quail oviduct cells.Biology of the Cell71, 227–245.

Akematsu, T. &Endoh, H. (2010). Role of apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in programmed nuclear death during conjugation inTetrahymena thermophila.BMC Cell Biology11, 13.

Akematsu, T.,Kobayashi, T.,Osada, E.,Fukuda, Y.,Endoh, H. &Pearlman, R. E. (2012). Programmed nuclear death and its relation to apoptosis and autophagy during sexual reproduction inTetrahymena thermophila.Japanese Journal of Protozoology 45, 1–15.

Akematsu, T.,Pearlman, R. E. &Endoh, H. (2010). Gigantic macroautophagy in programmed nuclear death ofTetrahymena thermophila.Autophagy6, 901–911.

Allen, R. D. (1974). Food vacuole membrane growth with microtubule-associated membrane transport inParamecium.Journal of Cell Biology63, 904–922.

Allen, R. D. &Fok, A. K. (2000). Membrane trafficking and processing inParamecium.

International Review of Cytology198, 277–318.

Allen, R. D.,Ma, L. &Fok, A. K. (1993). Acidosomes: recipients of multiple sources of membrane and cargo during development and maturation.Journal of Cell Science 106, 411–422.

Allen, R. D. &Naitoh, Y. (2002). Osmoregulation and contractile vacuoles of protozoa.International Review of Cytology215, 351–394.

Allen, P. D.,Tominaga, T. &Naitoh, Y. (2009). The contractile vacuole complex and cell volume control in protozoa. InOsmotic and Ionic Regulation: Cells and Animals (ed. D. H.Evans), pp. 69–106. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton.

Anantharaman, V., Abhiman, S., de Souza, R. F. & Aravind, L. (2011).

Comparative genomics uncovers novel structural and functional features of the heterotrimeric GTPase signaling system.Gene475, 63–78.

Anishkin, A. &Kung, C. (2013). Stiffened lipid platforms at molecular force foci.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America110, 4886–4892.

Anitei, M. &Hoflack, B. (2012). Bridging membrane and cytoskeleton dynamics in the secretory and endocytic pathways.Nature Cell Biology14, 11–19.

Ann, K. S. &Nelson, D. L. (1995). Protein substrates for cGMP-dependent protein phosphorylation in cilia of wild type and atalanta mutants ofParamecium.Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton30, 252–260.

Antony, C. &Capdeville, Y. (1989). Uneven distribution of surface-antigens during antigenic variation inParamecium primaurelia.Journal of Cell Science92, 205–215.

Arambasic, M.,Sandoval, P. Y.,Hoehener, C.,Singh, A.,Swart, E. C. &

Nowacki, M. (2014). Pdsg1 and Pdsg2, novel proteins involved in developmental genome remodelling inParamecium.PLoS One9, e112899.

Arnaiz, O.,Go ˆut, J. F.,B´etermier, M.,Bouhouche, K.,Cohen, J.,Duret, L.,Kapusta, A.,Meyer, E. & Sperling, L. (2010). Gene expression in a paleopolyploid: a transcriptome resource for the ciliateParamecium tetraurelia.BMC Genomics11, 547.

Arslanyolu, M. (2007). Cloning and partial characterization ofTetrahymena thermophila mitogen activated protein kinase 3 (TtMPK3) gene.Journal of Applied Biological Sciences 1, 1–11.

Artalejo, C. R.,Henley, J. R.,McNiven, M. A. &Palfrey, H. C. (1995). Rapid endocytosis coupled to exocytosis in adrenal chromaffin cells involves Ca2+, GTP, and dynamin but not clathrin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America92, 8328–8332.

Arvan, P. & Castle, D. (1998). Sorting and storage during secretory granule biogenesis: looking backward and looking forward.Biochemical Journal332, 593–610.

Aubusson-Fleury, A.,Bricheux, G.,Damaj, R.,Lemullois, M.,Coffe, G., Donnadieu, F.,Koll, F.,Vigues, B. &Bouchard, P. (2013). Epiplasmins and epiplasm inParamecium: the building of a submembraneous cytoskeleton.Protist164, 451–469.

Aubusson-Fleury, A., Lemullois, M.,de Loubresse, N. G.,Laligne, C., Cohen, J.,Rosnet, O.,Jerka-Dziadosz, M.,Beisson, J. &Koll, F. (2012). The conserved centrosomal protein FOR20 is required for assembly of the transition zone and basal body docking at the cell surface.Journal of Cell Science125, 4395–4404.

Aufderheide, K. J. (1978). Motility events of trichocyst insertion inParamecium tetraurelia.Journal of Protozoology25, 362–365.

Aury, J.-M., Jaillon, O.,Duret, L., Noel, B.,Jubin, C., Porcel, B. M., S´egurens, B.,Daubin, V.,Anthouard, V.,Aiach, N.,Arnaiz, O.,Billaut, A.,Beisson, J.,Blanc, I.,Bouhouche, K.,Camara, F.,Duharcourt, S., Guigo, R.,Godendeau, D., Katinka, M.,Keller, A.-M.,Kissmehl, R., Klotz, C.,Koll, F.,LeMouel, A.,Lep`ere, G.,Malinsky, S.,Nowacki, M., Nowak, J.,Plattner, H.,Poulain, J.,Ruiz, F.,Serrano, V.,Zagulski, M., Dessen, P.,B´etermier, M.,Weissenbach, J.,Scarpelli, C.,Sch¨achter, V., Sperling, L.,Meyer, E.,Cohen, J. &Wincker, P. (2006). Global trends of whole genome duplications revealed by the genome sequence of the ciliateParamecium tetraurelia.Nature444, 171–178.

Avraham, R. &Yarden, Y. (2011). Feedback regulation of EGFR signalling: decision making by early and delayed loops.Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology12, 104–117.

Baksh, S. &Burakoff, S. J. (2000). The role of calcineurin in lymphocyte activation.

Seminars in Immunology12, 405–415.

Balaban, R. S. (2009). The role of Ca2+signaling in the coordination of mitochondrial ATP production with cardiac work.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta1787, 1334–1341.

Baldauf, S. L.,Roger, A. J.,Wenk-Siefert, I. &Doolittle, W. F. (2000). A kingdom-level phylogeny of eukaryotes based on combined protein data.Science290, 972–977.

Baranasic, D.,Oppermann, T., Cheaib, M., Cullum, J., Schmidt, H. &

Simon, M. (2014). Genomic characterization of variable surface antigens reveals a telomer position effect as a prerequisite for RNA interference-mediated silencing in Paramecium tetraurelia.mBio5(6), e01328-14.

Barbrook, A. C.,Howe, C. J.,Kurniawan, D. P. &Tarr, S. J. (2010). Organization and expression of organellar genomes.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences365, 785–797.

Barford, D. (2010). The structure and topology of protein serine/threonine phosphatases. In Handbook of Cell Signaling (Volume 2, eds R. A.Bradshaw and E. A.Dennis), pp. 677–681. Elsevier, New York.

Barritt, G. J. (1999). Receptor-activated Ca2+inflow in animal cells: a variety of pathways tailored to meet different intracellular Ca2+signalling requirements.

Biochemical Journal337, 153–169.

Basten, S. G. &Giles, R. H. (2013). Functional aspects of primary cilia in signaling, cell cycle and tumorigenesis.Cilia2, 6.

Beale, G. H. &Preer, J. R. JR. (2008).Paramecium Genetics and Epigenetics. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

Beisson, J. (2008). Preformed cell structure and cell heredity.Prion2, 1–8.

Beisson, J. &Jerka-Dziadosz, M. (1999). Polarities of the centriolar structure:

morphogenetic consequences.Biology of the Cell91, 367–378.

Beisson, J. &Sonneborn, T. M. (1965). Cytoplasmic inheritance of the organization of the cell cortex inParamecium aurelia.Proceedings of the National Academy of Science of the United States of America53, 275–282.

Bell, W. E.,Preston, R. R.,Yano, J. &Van Houten, J. L. (2007). Genetic dissection of attractant-induced conductances inParamecium.Journal of Experimental Biology210, 357–365.

Bemm, F.,Schwarz, R.,Forster, F. &Schultz, J. (2009). A kinome of 2600 in the ciliateParamecium tetraurelia.Federation of European Biological Societies Letters583, 3589–3592.

Benwakrim, A.,Tremoliere, A.,Labarre, J. &Capdeville, Y. (1998). The lipid moiety of the GPI-anchor of the major plasma membrane proteins inParamecium primaureliais a ceramide: variation of the amide-linked fatty acid composition as a function of growth temperature.Protist149, 39–50.

Berridge, M. J. (2006). Calcium microdomains: organization and function.Cell Calcium40, 405–412.

Berridge, M. J.,Bootman, M. D. &Lipp, P. (1998). Calcium – a life and death signal.Nature395, 645–648.

Berridge, M. J.,Bootman, M. D. &Roderick, H. L. (2003). Calcium signalling:

dynamics, homeostasis and remodelling. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 4, 517–529.

Beyenbach, K. W. &Wieczorek, H. (2006). The V-type H+ATPase: molecular structure and function, physiological roles and regulation.Journal of Experimental Biology209, 577–589.

Bezprozvanny, I. (2005). The inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor.Cell Calcium38, 261–272.

Bick, A. G.,Calvo, S. E. &Mootha, V. K. (2012). Evolutionary diversity of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter.Science336, 886.

Bilinski, M.,Plattner, H. &Matt, H. (1981). Secretory protein decondensation as a distinct, Ca2+-mediated event during the final steps of exocytosis inParamecium cells.Journal of Cell Biology88, 179–188.

Blatt, M. R. (2000). Cellular signaling and volume control in stomatal movements in plants.Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology16, 221–241.

Bloodgood, R. A. (2012). The future of ciliary and flagellar membrane research.

Molecular Biology of the Cell23, 2407–2411.

Blum, J. J.,Hayes, A.,Jamieson, G. A. &Vanaman, T. C. (1980). Calmodulin confers calcium sensitivity on ciliary dynein ATPase.Journal of Cell Biology87, 386–397.

Bockaert, J. &Pin, J. P. (1999). Molecular tinkering of G protein-coupled receptors:

an evolutionary success.European Molecular Biology Organisation Journal18, 1723–1729.

Bonifacino, J. S. (2014). Adaptor proteins involved in polarized sorting.Journal of Cell Biology204, 7–17.

Bonini, N. M.,Gustin, M. C. &Nelson, D. L. (1986). Regulation of ciliary motility by membrane potential inParamecium: a role for cyclic AMP.Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton6, 256–272.

Bonini, N. M. &Nelson, D. L. (1990). Phosphoproteins associated with cyclic nucleotide stimulation of ciliary motility inParamecium.Journal of Cell Science95, 219–230.

Bowman, G. R.,Elde, N. C.,Morgan, G.,Winey, M. &Turkewitz, A. P. (2005).

Core formation and the acquisition of fusion competence are linked during secretory granule maturation inTetrahymena.Traffic6, 303–323.

Bradford, W.,Buckholz, A.,Morton, J.,Price, C.,Jones, A. M. &Urano, D. (2013). Eukaryotic G protein signaling evolved to require G protein-coupled receptors for activation.Science Signaling6, ra37.

Br¨aucker, R.,Machemer-R ¨ohnisch, S. &Machemer, H. (1994). Graviresponses inParamecium caudatumandDidinium nasutumexamined under varied hypergravity conditions.Journal of Experimental Biology197, 271–294.

Brehm, P. &Eckert, R. (1978). Calcium entry leads to inactivation of calcium channel inParamecium.Science202, 1203–1206.

Bright, L. J.,Kambesis, N.,Nelson, S. B.,Jeong, B. &Turkewitz, A. P.

(2010). Comprehensive analysis reveals dynamic and evolutionary plasticity of Rab GTPases and membrane traffic inTetrahymena thermophila.PLoS Genetics6, e1001155.

Briguglio, J. S.,Kumar, S. &Turkewitz, A. P. (2013). Lysosomal sorting receptors are essential for secretory granule biogenesis inTetrahymena.Journal of Cell Biology 203, 537–550.

Brown, D.,Paunescu, T. G.,Breton, S. &Marshansky, V. (2009). Regulation of the V-ATPase in kidney epithelial cells: dual role in acid-base homeostasis and vesicle trafficking.Journal of Experimental Biology212, 1762–1772.

Brunk, C. F.,Lee, L. C.,Tran, A. B. &Li, J. (2003). Complete sequence of the mitochondrial genome ofTetrahymena thermophilaand comparative methods for identifying highly divergent genes.Nucleic Acids Research31, 1673–1682.

Buhse, H. E. Jr. (1967). Microstome-macrostome transformation inTetrahymena vorax strain V2 type S induced by a transforming principle, stomatin.Journal of Protozoology 14, 608–613.

Buonanno, F.,Anesi, A.,Guella, G.,Kumar, S.,Bharti, D.,La Terza, A., Quassinti, L.,Bramucci, M. &Ortenzi, C. (2014). Chemical offense by means of toxicysts in the freshwater ciliate,Coleps hirtus.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology61, 293–304.

Buonanno, F.,Harumoto, T. &Ortenzi, C. (2013). The defensive function of trichocysts inParamecium tetraureliaagainst metazoan predators compared with the chemical defense of two species of toxin-containing ciliates.Zoological Science30, 255–261.

Burnstock, G. &Verkhratsky, A. (2009). Evolutionary origins of the purinergic signalling system.Acta Physiologica (Oxford)195, 415–447.

Cai, X. (2008). Unicellular Ca2+signaling ‘toolkit’ at the origin of metazoa.Molecular Biology and Evolution25, 1357–1361.

Cai, X.,Wang, X.,Patel, S. &Clapham, D. E. (2015). Insights into the early evolution of animal calcium signaling machinery: a unicellular point of view.Cell Calcium57, 166–173.

Capdeville, Y. (2000). Paramecium GPI proteins: variability of expression and localization.Protist151, 161–169.

Cavalier-Smith, T. (2010). Deep phylogeny, ancestral groups and the four ages of life.Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences365, 111–132.

Cervia, D.,Catalani, E.,Belardinelli, M. C.,Perrotta, C.,Picchietti, S., Alimenti, C.,Casini, G.,Fausto, A. M. &Vallesi, A. (2013). The protein pheromone Er-1 of the ciliateEuplotes raikovistimulates human T-cell activity:

involvement of interleukin-2 system.Experimental Cell Research319, 56–67.

Chalker, D. L.,Meyer, E. &Mochizuki, K. (2013). Epigenetics of ciliates.Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology5, a017764.

Chalker, D. L. &Yao, M. C. (2011). DNA elimination in ciliates: transposon domestication and genome surveillance.Annual Review of Genetics45, 227–246.

Chen, J.,Gao, X.,Wang, B.,Chen, F.,Wu, N. &Zhang, Y. (2014). Proteomic approach to reveal the proteins associated with encystment of the ciliateEuplotes encysticus.PLoS One9, e97362.

Chen, Z. Y.,Ieraci, A.,Teng, H.,Dall, H.,Meng, C. X.,Herrera, D. G., Nykjaer, A.,Hempstead, B. L. &Lee, F. S. (2005). Sortilin controls intracellular sorting of brain-derived neurotrophic factor to the regulated secretory pathway.

Journal of Neuroscience25, 6156–6166.

Chien, Y. H., Werner, M. E.,Stubbs, J.,Joens, M. S., Li, J.,Chien, S., Fitzpatrick, J. A.,Mitchell, B. J. &Kintner, C. (2013). Bbof1 is required to maintain cilia orientation.Development140, 3468–3477.

Chilcoat, N. D. &Turkewitz, A. P. (1997). In vivo analysis of the major exocytosis-sensitive phosphoprotein in Tetrahymena. Journal of Cell Biology 139, 1197–1207.

Choi, J.,Tanaka, K.,Cao, Y.,Qi, Y.,Qiu, J.,Liang, Y.,Lee, S. Y. &Stacey, G.

(2014). Identification of a plant receptor for extracellular ATP.Science343, 290–294.

Choksi, S. P.,Lauter, G.,Swoboda, P. &Roy, S. (2014). Switching on cilia:

transcriptional networks regulating ciliogenesis.Development141, 1427–1441.

Christensen, S. T.,Guerra, C. F.,Awan, A.,Wheatley, D. N. &Satir, P.

(2003). Insulin receptor-like proteins inTetrahymena thermophilaciliary membranes.

Current Biology13, R50–R52.

Christensen, K. A.,Myers, J. T. &Swanson, J. A. (2002). pH-dependent regulation of lysosomal calcium in macrophages.Journal of Cell Science115, 599–607.

Churamani, D.,Hooper, R.,Rahman, T.,Brailoiu, E. &Patel, S. (2013). The N-terminal region of two-pore channel 1 regulates trafficking and activation by NAADP.Biochemical Journal453, 147–151.

Cipriano, D. J., Jung, J., Vivona, S., Fenn, T. D., Brunger, A. T.

& Bryant, Z. (2013). Processive ATP-driven substrate disassembly by the N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor (NSF) molecular machine. Journal of Biological Chemistry288, 23436–23445.

Clapham, D. E. (2007). Calcium signaling.Cell131, 1047–1058.

Clark, T. G. &Forney, J. D. (2003). Free-living and parasitic ciliates. InAntigenic Variation(eds A.Craigand R.Scherf), pp. 375–402. Elsevier, London.

Clark, K. D.,Hennessey, T. M. &Nelson, D. L. (1993). External GTP alters the motility and elicits an oscillating membrane depolarization inParamecium tetraurelia.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America90, 3782–3786.

Coddou, C.,Yan, Z.,Obsil, T.,Huidobro-Toro, J. P. &Stojilkovic, S. S.

(2011). Activation and regulation of purinergic P2X receptor channels.Pharmacological Reviews63, 641–683.

Cogoli, A.,Tschopp, A. &Fuchs-Bislin, P. (1984). Circumnutation observed without a significant gravitational force in spaceflight.Science225, 229–231.

Cole, E. S.,Cassidy-Hanley, D.,Pinello, J. F.,Zeng, H.,Hsueh, M.,Kolbin, D.,Ozzello, C.,Giddings, T.,Winey, M. &Clark, T. G. (2014). Function of the male-gamete-specific fusion protein HAP2 in a seven-sexed ciliate.Current Biology 24, 2168–2173.

Coluccio, L. M. E. (2008). Myosin. A Superfamily of Molecular Motors. Springer, Dordrecht.

Coria, A. S., Masseroni, M. L. &Diaz Anel, A. M. (2014). Regulation of PKD1-mediated Golgi to cell surface trafficking by Gαq subunits.Biology of the Cell 106, 30–43.

Coste, B.,Mathur, J.,Schmidt, M.,Earley, T. J.,Ranade, S.,Petrus, M.

J.,Dubin, A. E. &Patapoutian, A. (2010). Piezo1 and Piezo2 are essential components of distinct mechanically activated cation channels.Science330, 55–60.

Craxton, M. (2004). Synaptotagmin gene content of the sequenced genomes.BMC Genomics5, 43 (doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-5-43).

Dacks, J. B. &Field, M. C. (2007). Evolution of the eukaryotic membrane-trafficking system: origin, tempo and mode.Journal of Cell Science120, 2977–2985.

Dalghi, M. G.,Fernandez, M. M.,Ferreira-Gomes, M.,Mangialavori, I. C., Malchiodi, E. L.,Strehler, E. E. &Rossi, J. P. (2013). Plasma membrane calcium ATPase activity is regulated by actin oligomers through direct interaction.

Journal of Biological Chemistry288, 23380–23393.

De Franceschi, N.,Wild, K.,Schlacht, A.,Dacks, J. B.,Sinning, I. &Filippini, F. (2014). Longin and GAF domains: structural evolution and adaptation to the subcellular trafficking machinery.Traffic15, 104–121.

De la Fuente van Bentem, S. &Hirt, H. (2008). Protein tyrosine phosphorylation in plants: more abundant than expected?Trends in Plant Science14, 71–76.

Dentler, W. L. (1988). Fractionation ofTetrahymenaciliary membranes with Triton S-114 and the identification of a ciliary membrane ATPase.Journal of Cell Biology 107, 2679–2688.

Denton, R. M. (2009). Regulation of mitochondrial dehydrogenases by calcium ions.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta1787, 1309–1316.

De Ondarza, J.,Symington, S. B.,Van Houten, J. L. &Clark, J. M. (2003).

G-protein modulators alter the swimming behavior and calcium influx ofParamecium tetraurelia.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology50, 349–355.

Dorrell, R. G.,Butterfield, E. R.,Nisbet, R. E. R. &Howe, C. J. (2013).

Evolution: unveiling early aveolates.Current Biology23, R1093–R1096.

Duharcourt, S., Lep`ere, G. & Meyer, E. (2009). Developmental genome rearrangements in ciliates: a natural genomic subtraction mediated by non-coding transcripts.Trends in Genetics25, 344–350.

Duret, L.,Cohen, J.,Jubin, C.,Dessen, P.,Go ˆut, J.-F.,Mousset, S.,Aury, J.-M.,Jaillon, O., No¨el, B.,Arnaiz, O.,B´etermier, M.,Wincker, P. &

Meyer, E. (2008). Analysis of the sequence variability in the macronuclear DNA of Paramecium tetraurelia.Genome Research18, 585–596.

Eckert, R. &Brehm, P. (1979). Ionic mechanisms of excitation inParamecium.Annual Review of Biophysics and Bioengineering8, 353–383.

Edel, K. H. &Kudla, J. (2015). Increasing complexity and versatility: how the calcium signaling toolkit was shaped during plant land colonization.Cell Calcium57, 231–246.

E.,Wang, Y.,Cai, H.,Collins, K.,Stewart, B. A.,Lee, S. R.,Wilamowska, K.,Weinberg, Z.,Ruzzo, W. L.,Wloga, D.,Gaertig, J.,Frankel, J.,Tsao, C.

C.,Gorovsky, M. A.,Keeling, P. J.,Waller, R. F.,Patron, N. J.,Cherry, J.

M.,Stover, N. A.,Krieger, C. J.,del Toro, C.,Ryder, H. F.,Williamson, S.

C.,Barbeau, R. A.,Hamilton, E. P. &Orias, E. (2006). Macronuclear genome sequence of the ciliateTetrahymena thermophila, a model eukaryote.PLoS Biology4, e286.

Ejercito, M. &Wolfe, J. (2003). Caspase-like activity is required for programmed nuclear elimination during conjugation inTetrahymena.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 50, 427–429.

Elde, N. C.,Morgan, G.,Winey, M.,Sperling, L. &Turkewitz, A. P. (2005).

Elucidation of clathrin-mediated endocytosis inTetrahymenareveals an evolutionarily convergent recruitment of dynamin.PLoS Genetics1, e52.

El-Haddad, H.,Przyborski, J. M.,Kraft, L. G.,McFadden, G. I.,Waller, R.

F. &Gould, S. B. (2013). Characterization of TtALV2, an essential charged repeat motif protein of theTetrahymena thermophilamembrane skeleton.Eukaryotic Cell12, 932–940.

Elwess, N. L. &Van Houten, J. L. (1997). Cloning and molecular analysis of the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase gene inParamecium tetraurelia.Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology44, 250–257.

Endoh, H. & Kobayashi, T. (2006). Death harmony played by nucleus and mitochondria. Nuclear apoptosis during conjugation ofTetrahymena.Autophagy2, 129–131.

Ernst, I. M.,Fliegert, R. &Guse, A. H. (2013). Adenine dinucleotide second messengers and T-lymphocyte calcium signaling.Frontiers in Immunology4, 259.

Erxleben, C.,Klauke, N.,Fl ¨otenmeyer, M., Blanchard, M. P.,Braun, C. &Plattner, H. (1997). Microdomain Ca2+activation during exocytosis in Parameciumcells. Superposition of local subplasmalemmal calcium store activation by local Ca2+influx.Journal of Cell Biology136, 597–607.

Escoll, P., Rolando, M., Gomez-Valero, L. & Buchrieser, C. (2013).

From amoeba to macrophages: exploring the molecular mechanisms ofLegionella pneumophilainfection in both hosts.Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology376, 1–34.

Esseltine, J. L. &Scott, J. D. (2013). AKAP signaling complexes: pointing towards the next generation of therapeutic targets?Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 34, 648–655.

Evans, T. C. &Nelson, D. L. (1989). The cilia ofParamecium tetraureliacontain both Ca2+-dependent and Ca2+-inhibitable calmodulin-binding proteins.Biochemical Journal259, 385–396.

Farhan, H.,Wendeler, M. W.,Mitrovic, S.,Fava, E.,Silberberg, Y.,Sharan, R.,Zerial, M. &Hauri, H. P. (2010). MAPK signaling to the early secretory pathway revealed by kinase/phosphatase functional screening.Journal of Cell Biology 189, 997–1011.

Farrell, A.,Thirugnanam, S.,Lorestani, A.,Dvorin, J. D.,Eidell, K. P., Ferguson, D. J.,Anderson-White, B. R.,Duraisingh, M. T.,Marth, G. T.

&Gubbels, M. J. (2012). A DOC2 protein identified by mutational profiling is essential for apicomplexan parasite exocytosis.Science335, 218–221.

Fasshauer, D.,Sutton, R. B.,Brunger, A. T. &Jahn, R. (1998). Conserved structural features of the synaptic fusion complex: SNARE proteins reclassified as Q- and R-SNAREs.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America95, 15781–15786.

Fenchel, T. (2014). Respiration in heterotrophic unicellular eukaryotic organisms.

Protist165, 485–492.

Fielding, A. B.,Schonteich, E.,Matheson, J.,Wilson, G.,Yu, X.,Hickson, G. R. X.,Srivastava, S.,Baldwin, S. A.,Prekeris, R. &Gould, G. W. (2005).

Rab11-FIP3 and FIP4 interact with Arf6 and the exocyst to control membrane traffic in cytokinesis.European Molecular Biology Organisation Journal24, 3389–3399.

Findeisen, F.,Rumpf, C. H. &Minor, D. L. Jr. (2013). Apo states of calmodulin and CaBP1 control CaV1 voltage-gated calcium channel function through direct competition for the IQ domain.Journal of Molecular Biology425, 3217–3234.

Flannagan, R. S.,Jaumouille, V. &Grinstein, S. (2012). The cell biology of phagocytosis.Annual Review of Pathology7, 61–98.

Fl ¨otenmeyer, M.,Momayezi, M. &Plattner, H. (1999). Immunolabeling analysis of biosynthetic and degradative pathways of cell surface components (glycocalyx) in Parameciumcells.European Journal of Cell Biology78, 67–77.

Fok, A. K. & Allen, P. D. (1993). Membrane flow in the digestive cycle of Paramecium. InMembrane Traffic in Protozoa(ed. H.Plattner), pp. 311–337. JAI Press, Greenwich, London.

Fok, A. K.,Yamauchi, K.,Ishihara, A.,Aihara, M. S.,Ishida, M. &Allen, R.

D. (2002). The vacuolar-atpase ofParamecium multimicronucleatum: gene structure of the B subunit and the dynamics of the V-ATPase-rich osmoregulatory membranes.

Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology49, 185–196.

Forgac, M. (2007). Vacuolar ATPases: rotary proton pumps in physiology and pathophysiology.Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology8, 917–929.

Fountain, S. J.,Parkinson, K.,Young, M. T.,Cao, L.,Thompson, C. R. &

North, R. A. (2007). An intracellular P2X receptor required for osmoregulation in Dictyostelium discoideum.Nature448, 200–203.

Fraga, D.,Sehring, I. M.,Kissmehl, R.,Reiss, M.,Gaines, R.,Hinrichsen, R.

&Plattner, H. (2010). Protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B, calcineurin) inParamecium:

partial characterization reveals that two members of the unusually large catalytic subunit family have distinct roles in calcium-dependent processes.Eukaryotic Cell9, 1049–1063.

Frankel, J. (1973). Dimensions of control of cortical patterns inEuplotes– Role of preexisting structure, clonal life-cycle, and genotype.Journal of Experimental Zoology 183, 71–94.

Froissard, M.,Keller, A. M.,Dedieu, J. C. &Cohen, J. (2004). Novel secretory vesicle proteins essential for membrane fusion display extracellular-matrix domains.

Traffic5, 493–502.

Fu, L.,Miseta, A.,Hunton, D.,Marchase, R. B. &Bedwell, D. M. (2000). Loss of the major isoform of phosphoglucomutase results in altered calcium homeostasis inSaccharomyces cerevisiae.Journal of Biological Chemistry275, 5431–5440.

Fu, Z.,Schroeder, M. J.,Shabanowitz, J.,Kaldis, P.,Togawa, K.,Rustgi, A. K., Hunt, D. F. & Sturgill, T. W. (2005). Activation of a nuclear Cdc2-related kinase within a mitogen-activated protein kinase-like TDY motif by autophosphorylation and cyclin-dependent protein kinase-activating kinase.

Molecular Cell. Biology25, 6047–6064.

Fujishima, M. &Kodama, Y. (2012). Endosymbionts inParamecium.European Journal of Protistology48, 124–137.

Galati, D. F.,Bonney, S.,Kronenberg, Z.,Clarissa, C.,Yandell, M.,Elde, N. C.,Jerka-Dziadosz, M.,Giddings, T. H.,Frankel, J. &Pearson, C. G.

(2014). DisAp-dependent striated fiber elongation is required to organize ciliary arrays.The Journal of Cell Biology207, 705–715.

Galione, A.,Evans, A. M.,Ma, J.,Parrington, J.,Arredouani, A.,Cheng, X.

&Zhu, M. X. (2009). The acid test: the discovery of two-pore channels (TPCs) as NAADP-gated endolysosomal Ca2+release channels.Pflugers Archiv European Journal of Physiology458, 869–876.

Garc´es, J. A.,Hoey, J. G. &Gavin, R. H. (1995). Putative myosin heavy and light chains inTetrahymena: co-localization to the basal body-cage complex and association of the heavy chain with skeletal muscle actin filaments in vitro.Journal of Cell Science 108, 869–881.

Garreau de Loubresse, N. (1993). Early steps of the secretory pathway inParamecium:

ultrastructural, immunochemical, and genetic analysis of trichocyst biogenesis. In Membrane Traffic in Protozoa(ed. H.Plattner), pp. 27–59. JAI Press, Greenwich, London.

Garreau de Loubresse, N.,Gautier, M. C. &Sperling, L. (1994). Immature secretory granules are not acidic inParamecium: implications for sorting to the regulated pathway.Biology of the Cell82, 139–147.

Gebauer, M., Watzke, D. & Machemer, H. (1999). The gravikinetic response ofParameciumis based on orientation-dependent mechanotransduction.

Naturwissenschaften86, 352–356.

Gerashchenko, B. I. (2010). Proliferation of greenParamecium bursaria: a vision

Gerashchenko, B. I. (2010). Proliferation of greenParamecium bursaria: a vision