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A GXXXA Motif in the Transmembrane Domain of the Ebola Virus Glycoprotein Is Required for Tetherin Antagonism

8.1. List of abbreviations

ADAM17 A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 ASGPR Asialoglycoprotein receptors

ASGPR-1 Asialoglycoprotein receptor-1

BDBV Bundibugyo virus

BOMV Bombali virus

BSL4 Biosecurity level 4

BST-2 Bone marrow stromal antigen 2 CARD caspase recruitment domains

CatB Cathepsin B

CatL Cathepsin L

CD209 Cluster of differentiation 209 CD317 Cluster of differentiation 317 CD4+ Cluster of differentiation 4

Cdc42 Cell division control protein 42 homolog CHIKV Chikungunya virus

DC-SIGN Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing non-integrin

DENV Dengue virus

DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid

DRC Democratic Republic of Congo dsRNA Double-stranded ribonuclec acid

EBOV Ebola virus

EBOV-GP Ebola virus glycoprotein

EGFR Epidermal growth factor receptor

ER Endoplasmic reticulum

HIV-1 Human immunodeficiency virus 1

Appendix

114 HIV-2 Human immunodeficiency virus 2

hPIV-2 Human parainfluenza virus type 2

HR Heptad repeat

HSV Herpes simplex virus IAV Influenza A virus

ICAM-1 Intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 IFITM Interferon-induced transmembrane protein LGP2 Laboratory of Genetics and Physiology 2

LLOV Lloviu virus

LPS Lipopolysaccharide

LRR Leucine-rich repeats

LSECtin Liver and lymph node sinusoidal endothelial cell C-type lectin L-SIGN Lymph node-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing

integrin

MARV Marburg virus

MAVS Mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein

MD Middle domain

MD5A Melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 MERS Middle east respiratory syndrome

MFG-E8 Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor-factor 8 MGL Macrophage galactose C-type lectin

MLD Mucin-like domain

MLV Murine leukemia viruses mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid Mx Myxovirus resistance protein MyD88 Myeloid differentiation factor 88

Nedd4 Neural precursor cell expressed developmentally down-regulated protein 4

NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

NHP Non-human primate

NK Natural killer

NLR NOD-like receptors

NOD Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain

NP Nucleoprotein

Appendix PECAM-1 Platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 PHEIC Public Health Emergency of International Concern PI3K Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases

PKC Protein kinase C

PKR Protein kinase R

PRR Pattern recognition receptors PtdSer Phosphatidylserine

PTK Protein tyrosine kinase

PVEERs Phosphatidylserine-mediated virus entry enhancing receptors Rac1 Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

RAVV Ravn virus

RBD Receptor binding domain

RESTV Reston virus

RIG-I Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I RLR RIG-I-like receptor

RNA Ribonucleic acid

RNase L Ribonuclease L

RNP Ribonucleoprotein

Rsp5 Reversion of Spt phenotype

RT-PCR Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction SARS-CoV Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus sGP Soluble Glycoprotein

siRNA Small interfering ribonucleic acid SIV Simian immunodeficiency virus

SP Signal peptide

SSD Sterol sensing domain ssGP Small soluble Glycoprotein ssRNA Single-stranded ribonucleic acid

STAT Signal transducer and activator of transcription

SUDV Sudan virus

TACE Tumor necrosis factor alpha-converting enzyme TAFV Taï Forest virus

TAM Tyro-3, Axl, and Mer receptors TBK1 TANK-binding kinase 1

TGN Trans-Golgi network

TIM T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing protein TIR Toll-IL-1 receptor

Appendix

116 TLR Toll-like receptor

TMD Transmembrane domain

TRAF TNF receptor-associated factor

TRIF TIR-domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN- factor TRIM Tripartite motif protein

trVLP Transcription- and replication-competent virus-like particle Tsg101 Tumor susceptibility gene 101

TYK2 Tyrosine kinase 2

VCAM-1 Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 VLP Virus-like particle

VP24 Viral protein with molecular mass of 24 kilodalton VP30 Viral protein with molecular mass of 30 kilodalton VP35 Viral protein with molecular mass of 35 kilodalton VP40 Viral protein with molecular mass of 40 kilodalton

Vpu Viral protein U

VSV Vesicular stomatitis virus

VSV-EBOV-GP Vesicular stomatitis virus with Ebola virus glycoprotein WHO World Health Organization

Appendix

117 8.2. Acknowledgements

First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Stefan Pöhlmann for giving me the opportunity to work on this project. I appreciate the valuable suggestions and your help during the whole course of my thesis.

I would like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Prof. Dr. Lutz Walter and Prof. Dr. Stephan Becker for their support and their ideas.

I would also like to thank Dr. Markus Hoffmann for his supervision, his constant support, advice and interesting discussions during my thesis.

I would like to thank the National Council on Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT), the DAAD and the MayaNet Project from the Erasmus Mundus partnership for financial support.

Thanks to all the members (current and former) of the Infection Biology Unit. You all made going to work fun. I really appreciate the kind and friendly atmosphere. Anna, Inga and Sabine thanks for all your help in the lab, I learned a lot from you. Kathrin thank you for all the help with the paper work before and during my stay in Germany.

Also, thanks to Heike for the advice and valuable comments on my thesis. Hannah, Lisa and Astrid, you made the time in the lab less boring and it was nice to have someone to joke around with. Thank you to the participants of the coffee breaks, Mario Kart parties and free German lessons, I had a lot of great moments.

A special thanks goes to Constantin for his support and patience particularly during the final phase of my thesis. But most importantly for making me laugh specially when times were tough.

Thanks to my friends in Mexico Erick, Karen, Lucero for all the cheering and being there for me even if we could only see each other once a year. Also, to Vero, Omar, Mario and Dr. Leopoldo for their support and help.

Finally, and most important I would like to thank my parents and my brother for all the support they have given me over the years, their love and cheering. Sin su apoyo no hubiera estado aquí. ¡Gracias, los quiero!

Appendix

118 8.3. Curriculum Vitae

Mariana González Hernández, M.Sc.

Born: 04. October 1988 in Mexico City, Mexico

E-Mail: mariana.gonzalezh@hotmail.com Academic Education

08/2015 - 03/2019 PhD within the Graduate School “Emerging Infectious Diseases” (EIDIS)

Georg-August University School of Science (GAUSS) Göttingen, Germany

Thesis “Interactions of the Ebola virus glycoprotein with host cell factors during viral entry and release”

Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Stefan Pöhlmann 08/2012 – 08/2014 M.Sc., Master in Health Science

Escuela Superior de Medicina - Instituto Politécnico Nacional Mexico City, Mexico

Thesis “Identification and validation of epitopes of Dengue virus serotypes for serological diagnosis”

Supervisors: Dr. Leopoldo Aguilar Faisal Dr. Adolfo Chávez Negrete Graduated with Honors

08/2007 – 12/2011 Bachelor in Biochemistry Engineering

Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas- Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Mexico City, Mexico

Thesis “Activation and retrieval of the four serotypes of Dengue virus and its identification using RT-PCR”

Supervisors: M.Sc. Verónica Alcántara Farfán M.Sc. Arturo Barbachano Guerrero 08/2004 – 07/2007 High School, Chemical Technician

Centro de Estudios Científicos y Tecnológicos No.6 Miguel Othón de Mendizábal-Instituto Politécnico Nacional

Mexico City, Mexico

Appendix

119 Honors and Awards

10/2015 – present Scholarship holder within the DAAD country-related cooperation program with the National Council on Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT)

08/2015 – 07/2018 The mobility scholarship within the MayaNet Project-Erasmus Mundus Action 2

08/2012 – 08/2014 Stipend recipient within the master’s degree program division from the National Council on Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT)

03/2013 – 09/2014 The scholarship for health research within the Research Development Division from the “Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS)”

02/2013 – 06/2014 02/2011 – 12/2011

Scholarship holder within the Institutional Program for

Training of Researchers (PIFI) from the “Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN)”

02/2005 – 12/2011 The Institutional scholarship from the “Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN)”