Energy-driven urban design

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Research Collection

Presentation

Energy-driven urban design

Author(s):

Shi, Zhongming Publication Date:

2020-03-26 Permanent Link:

https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000406831

Rights / License:

In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted

This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use.

ETH Library

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here an image representative of your research.

The Image can be a photograph, the closer to reality the better, so people can feel related.

During this slide take the opportunity to introduce yourself and a brief introduction of what this topic is about.

By Zhongming Shi, PhD Candidate

City

Energy system

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Zhongming Shi 2

ENERGY-DRIVEN URBAN DESIGN at the district scale

Shi, Z., Fonseca, J. A., & Schlueter, A. (2017). A review of simula<on-based urban form genera<on and op<miza<on for energy-driven urban design. Building and Environment, 121, 119–129.

Improving the efficiency

of the energy systems

1

Making the most of the on-site renewable energy

2

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district cooling systems: Plan BACKGROUND

Pumps

exchangerHeat Heat

exchanger

Chiller (CH) Cooling tower

(CT) District cooling

plant

Piping network End-users

Chilled water supply, subject to thermal loss and pressure drop

Basic components of district cooling systems: Section

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street layout

land use density street layout temporal

distribution

spatial distribution

gross total

cooling demand

distribution

gross total cooling demandpeak

cooling demand

distribution

cooling demand pumpsizes

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

distribution

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

thermal loss in distribution pressure drop

in distribution land use

density street layout temporal

distribution

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

effective cooling supply

land use density street layout piping layout

temporal distribution

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

+

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

+ capital costs

operational

costs land use

density

Zhongming Shi 4

Improving the efficiency of district cooling systems 1

BACKGROUND

Capital costs

Operational costs

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street layout piping layout

CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

+ capital costs

operational

density District cooling

systems

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Block shape

Block elongation [-]

Block size

Block area [sqm]

Site size

Site area [sqm]

Land use

spatial distribution Land use gradient [-]

Land use ratios [-]

Floor area

spatial distribution Density gradient [-]

or

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CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

+ capital costs

operational

density

Zhongming Shi 6

Improving the efficiency of district cooling systems 1

METHODS

Data collection Sensitivity

analysis

Experimental design Block shape

Block size

Site size

Site area [sqm]

Land use

Land use ratios [-]

Floor area

CEA

District cooling system design and assessment

the Simulation tool

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CH&CT sizes

sizespipe

in distribution

+ capital costs

operational

density FINDINGS

or

or District cooling

systems

Block shape

√

important for some DCS component

> 0.7

√

Block size

the most dominant not smaller than 7,500

Site size

√

Site area [sqm]

not very influential the smaller, the better

√ √

Land use

has impacts, but not very influential

√

Floor area

important for some DCS component the higher, the better

Land use ratios [-] the most dominant

residential > 0.2 favors chiller’s capacity factor

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Zhongming Shi 8

ENERGY-DRIVEN URBAN DESIGN at the district scale

Shi, Z., Fonseca, J. A., & Schlueter, A. (2017). A review of simula<on-based urban form genera<on and op<miza<on for energy-driven urban design. Building and Environment, 121, 119–129.

Making the most of the on-site renewable energy

1

2

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RESEARCH QUESTIONS

Given a goal for solar energy

potential or costs, what is the highest achievable floor area ratio?

Given a goal for floor area ratio, what is the highest achievable solar energy penetration? Costs?

What is the highest solar energy potential for this greenfield project?

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2

Zhongming Shi 10

MuSES Finale 2020

Making the most of the on-site renewable energy

METHODS

Group, evaluate, and filter by

Block dimensions, Building patterns, Floor area ratio, Site coverage

The

block-typology -making

#01

#02

#03

#18

… …

#01_a

#02_a

#03_a

#18_a …

, #02_b

, … , …

, …

The Urban Block Generator @

CEA

Solar energy penetration = X.XX

Annualized capital costs on PV panels per floor area = X.XX USD/sqm

Results:

Downtown

Jurong East Jurong East

one-north one-north

Tampines

Woodlands Woodlands

Data collection

Downtown

one-north one-north

Tampines

Woodlands Woodlands

Downtown

one-north one-north

Tampines

Woodlands Downtown

Downtown

one-north one-north

Tampines

Woodlands Woodlands

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200 m CEA FINDINGS

The Urban Block Generator @

What is the solar energy potential for this greenfield project?

Solar energy penetration = 0.17

Annualized capital costs on PV panels per floor area = 3.48 USD/sqm

Results:

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Floor area ratio

[-] Solar

energy penetration

[-]

Annualized capital costs per floor area

[USD/sqm]

Site coverage [-]

Example # block typology(ies)

Building pattern

#7 #6

#4, #5, #13, #14, #15

#1, #2, #3, #8, #9, #10, #16 #11, #12, #17, #18

10+

8+

5+

3+

0.05 2 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35

3 4 5 6 7 8 9

10 0.8

(0.6, 0.95) (0.7, 0.9) (0.4, 1)

0.65

tower(s) with podium(s) tower(s) podium(s) C-shape shop houses

A

B C

D

F

2

Zhongming Shi 12

Making the most of the on-site renewable energy

FINDINGS

Given a goal for floor area ratio, what is the highest achievable solar energy penetration? Costs?

Given a goal for solar energy

potential or costs, what is the highest achievable floor area ratio?

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Energy-driven urban design Making the most

of the on-site renewable energy

1

2

IMPACT

[Publication]

4 journal publications

(1 published, 1 in review, and 2 in preparation) 2 conference publications

(2 published) [Tool]

The Urban Block Generator will be available online in April/May 2020.

[Highlights]

urban planners and designers

- methods to integrate models of urban design and energy system design

- quantitative urban design suggestions energy engineers

- feedback loop to urban design, instead of a one-way workflow

- urban design scenarios without the help from the designers

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Zhongming Shi 14

ENERGY-DRIVEN URBAN DESIGN

Thank you.

26.03.2020 in Singapore