Stable isotope records for the past 1000 years from 5 ice
cores in central
Dronning Maud Land (DML)
Hans Oerter, Sepp Kipfstuhl, Frank Wilhelms
Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
European Science Foundation -
EuroPOLAR
EPICA - European Project for Ice Core drilling in Antarctica
Interglacial
5.5 7.5
9.3 11.3
13.3 17.3
19.3 15.5 1
MIS 5.5 MIS 1
AIM corresp. D/O events
?
-8 -4 0 4
Temperature difference (°C)
150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Time EDML1 (kilo years BP)
-8 -4 0 4
800 750 700 650 600 550 500 450 400 350 300 250 200 150 100 50 Time EDC3 (kilo years BP) 0
Mean 1000-2000 A.D.
1950 A.D.
1950 A.D.
Jouzel et al., Orbital and Millennial Antarctic Climate Variability over the Past 100,000 Years. Science 317, 793-796 (2007)
EPICA Dome C
(EDC)
EPICA community members, One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 444, 195-198 (2006)
EPICA
DML
(EDML)
EDML - Kohnen station B32
B33 B34 B37
Satellite Image Map Dronning Maud Land 1:2000000, Draft Vers.4.2, BKG, Frankfurt am Main, Nov.1998 (detail)
75°S 0°4‘E, 2782 m a.s.l., acc. rate 65 mm w.e./a; -44.6 °C
75°S 0°0.4‘E, 2782 m asl,
75°10‘S 6°30‘E, 3160 m a.s.l.
47 mm w.e./a; -46.2°C
75°S 0°E, 2782 m asl,
75°S 0°E, 2782 m asl,
(2001-2006)
(1997/98)
(1997/98) (2004/05)
(2005/06)
Neumayer
B32, B34, B37 EDML/Kohnen
B33
5°W 0° 5°E
76°S 76°S
75°S 74°S
73°S 70°S
75°S
10°W 10°E
EDML - Kohnen station B32
B33 B34 B37
Satellite Image Map Dronning Maud Land 1:2000000, Draft Vers.4.2, BKG, Frankfurt am Main, Nov.1998 (detail)
75°S 0°4‘E, 2782 m a.s.l., acc. rate 65 mm w.e./a; -44.6 °C
75°S 0°0.4‘E, 2782 m asl,
75°10‘S 6°30‘E, 3160 m a.s.l.
75°S 0°E, 2782 m asl,
75°S 0°E, 2782 m asl,
(2001-2006)
(1997/98)
(1997/98) (2004/05)
(2005/06)
Example for lab measurements: δ 18 O and DEP at core B37
Depth (m w.e.)
Depth (m)
Delta 18-O (‰-SMOW) Electrical conductivity (µS/m)
Synchronizing the cores
0: snow surface Jan. 2000
Synchronizing the cores grey: original
red: adjusted to EDML 1259 A.D.
1816
B32, B33: Oerter et al.: Annals Glac. (1999); www.pangaea.de 0: snow surface Jan. 2000
1452
Deviation δ 18 O from average 1816 A.D. (Tambora) through 1259 A.D. (Unknown)
-46.99‰
-44.98‰
-45.07‰
-44.81‰
-45.19‰
Depth for each core on own scale Common period 1816-1259 A.D.
Mean
1816-1259 A.D.
Adjusting the depth of the cores to the EDML depth scale
depth on own scale depth on EDML scale
Common depth (m w.e.) & sample interval (65mm w.e.)
Correlation B32, B33, B34 , B37 with EDML
The stacked record of 5 cores
isotope-temperatur e gradient: 0.69 ±0.04 δ 18 O-‰ / °C
sample length 65 mm w.e.
moving average 11 samples
Oerter et al.: Accumulation rates in Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, as revealed by dielectric-profiling measurements of shallow firn cores. Annals of Glaciology 30, 27-34 (2000)
Stack of annual means
Deviation
from average 1801-1997
1801-1905:
δ 18 O: -0.010 ‰/a
Acc.: -0.120 kg m -2 a -1 /a Tambora 1815
20 10 0 -10
-2 -1 Accum. (kg m a ) -20
2000 1950
1900 1850
1800 Years A.D.
2 1 0 -1
18 δ O (‰-SMOW) -2
10 firn cores
13 firn cores
Krakatau 1883
1905-1997:
δ 18 O: +0.009 ‰/a
Acc.: +0.068 kg m -2 a -1 /a
b
1816 1884 1964
ca. 26m ca. 18m ca. 8m
long term snow accumulation ca. 65 kg m -2 a -1
DML stack + EDML core + B34 core + B35 core
Thank you for your attention !
foto: hans oerter, 2006
