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Spectroelectrochemical investigations of the complexes showed the formation of a [(R- PyMA)Ni(Aryl)(Solv)]

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Academic year: 2021

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Abstract

The subject of the presented work is the synthesis of mononuclear square-planar [(R- PyMA)Ni(Aryl)X]-type organonickel complexes with N-(Pyridin-2-yl-methylene)aniline- ligands (R-PyMA) and the investigation of their structure, reactivity and electrochemistry.

Single crystal X-ray diffraction showed the crystallisation of the cis-isomer, in which the halide ligand (X) is located opposite to the pyridine part of the PyMA-ligand, to be favoured over the trans-isomer. Furthermore a shift of the cis-/trans-ratio towards the trans-isomer could be observed at low temperatures using variable temperature NMR-spectroscopy.

The electronic character of the R-PyMA ligands with various substituents was determined through DFT-calculations using a [Ir(allyl)(CO)(R-PyMA)]-type model complex. The assessment of the electronic properties reveals that the donor strength of the unsymmetric PyMA ligands lies between the values for the structurally similar ligands 2,2´bipyridine and N,N-bisphenyl-1,4-diazabutadiene. Additionally, the difference in Gibbs free energy ΔG between both isomers and the transition state for the isomerisation via the lowest energy pathway was determined. This transition state is a trigonal-planar arrangement, which is formed through decoordination of the halide ligand.

Spectroelectrochemical investigations of the complexes showed the formation of a [(R- PyMA)Ni(Aryl)(Solv)]

-radical species from all [(R-PyMA)Ni(Aryl)X]-type complexes upon reduction and cleavage of the halide ligand. The required reduction potentials for all complexes lie between –1.2 and –1.8 V (vs. ferrocene/ferrocenium) and shift to less negative potentials for electron-rich R-PyMA ligands. The cleavage of the halide ligand, which leads to catalytic activation of the complexes, can be promoted by variation of the halide ligand itself following the series F > Cl > Br > I, as well as by using less electron-rich aryl-ligands. The latter increases the tendency for the transmetallation reaction of two [(R-PyMA)Ni(Aryl)X]

complexes leading to the formation of [(R-PyMA)Ni(Aryl)

2

] bisaryl-complexes.

Further reduction of these species was proven to take place in dimers formed from two of the

R-PyMA)Ni(Aryl)(Solv)]

radical complexes.

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