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(1)

Plattentektonik & Klima

Hannes Grobe

Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung

(2)
(3)
(4)

Plattentektonik

(5)

Pacific Plate

South American

Plate Caribbean

Plate

African

Plate Indian

Plate Eurasian

Plate North

American Plate

Nazca Plate Cocos

Plate

Antarctic Plate

(6)

ozeanische Sedimente

ozeanische Kruste

Mittelozeanischer Rücken

hydrothermale Zirkulation Sulfid-Erze

Subduktionszone

Erzkörper

kalte Platte Magma

Akkretionskeil

Intraplatten-Vulkanismus methamorphe Entwässerung

Aufschmelzung Methamorphose

Assimilation ?

?

?

?

(7)

Muller, R.D., M. Sdrolias, C. Gaina, and W.R. Roest (2008)

Age, spreading rates and spreading symmetry of the world's ocean crust, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 9, Q04006, doi:10.1029/2007GC001743.

(8)
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Oberflächenströmung Bodenströmung Tiefenströmung

Salinität > 36 ‰ Salinität < 34 ‰ Tiefenwasserbildung

Abbildung 2.1-4

vor 3 Mill.

Jahren

(10)

Aufbau des

Antarktischen Eisschildes

in 35 Millionen Jahren

(11)

d 18 O marine climate record

warm stages cold stages

Global ice volume

low

high

0 1.0 2.0 Age (Ma) 3.0 4.0 5.0

Northern Hemisphere Glaciation

Closure of the Panamanian Seaway

Tiedemann 2007

Schließung der Straße von Panama

Alter

[Millionen Jahre]

warm kalt

Globales Eisvolumen

+

-

(12)

Aufbau des Grönländischen

Eisschildes

in 3 Millionen Jahren

(13)

Quinn et al. 1991

(14)

Hannes Grobe/AWI

(15)

Change in Temperature (°C)

Thousands of Years

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

Quaternary

0 -2 -4 -6

Glacial Interglacial

(16)

Robert A. Rohde / Global Warming Art

(17)

Arnoldius/Wikipedia Kohle

(18)

Ernst Haeckel 1899 Foraminiferen

Kalk

organische substanz

Christoph Hemleben, Tübingen

(19)

Erdöl + Erdgas

Oil rigs offshore Vietnam/Wikipedia

(20)

Lithosphere

78,000,000

Atmosphere

590

Biosphere

680

Hydrosphere

37,000

Sediment

3,000

Pedosphere

3,000

Respiration Photosynthesis

120

Weathering sedimentation

0.6

Rivers 0.8

Gas Exchange

70

Weathering sedimentation

0.2

Sundquist et al. (2009) doi:10.1029/2009GM000914

global carbon cycle in Gt C Flux in GT C/a

Fossil Fuel

>6,000

1.5 Land use change 8.5 fossil fuel burning

2 3

Lithosphere

78,000,000

(21)

Wettersteingebirge

Kalkablagerungen des Thetis Ozeans während der Trias ca. 200-250 Mio. Jahre

Albert Blaetter (1878-1935)

(22)

Model einer Subduktionszone im Klimahaus 8°Ost, Bremerhaven

(23)
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5 4 Age 3 2 1 0

[Milliarden Jahre]

planeten-tempera tur

kein vulkanismus keine konvektion

mond

mars

Erde

Condie (1989) doi:10.1016/0031-0182(89)90184-3

(25)

Initiierung von Eiszeitaltern

Verstärkung von Klimavariationen Sicherung des

Treibhauseffektes

Plattentektonik

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