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Supporting information
Video 1. A GAA 1.0 hydrogel tube with the same inner diameter of the rabbit carotid artery (about 1.5 mm) was prepared and connected via two carotid artery cannulas.
Video 2. A GAA 1.0 hydrogel tube infused with rabbit blood after flowing repeatedly.
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Figure S1. Fluorescence images of HUVECs incubated with different concentrations of the inner layer of the GAA hydrogel tube and stained to differentiate live and dead cells. To investigate whether HUVECs adhere to different inner layers of the GAA hydrogel tube and to further verify cell compatibility, the cells were seeded on pieces of the the indicated hydrogel inner layers and incubated for 24 h. The lack of fluorescence staining indicates no cell adhesion. Since little cell adhesion was observed when 1.0 wt% alginate was used, this concentration was chosen for the synthesis of the hollow core-shell-shell GAA hydrogel tubes for subsequent experiments.
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Figure S2. Images of the surgical procedure to insert the GAA hydrogel tube and hemostasis indices before and after surgery on big-eared white rabbits. (A) Photographs of the surgical procedure: (1) The skin and neck of the rabbit is prepared and the surgical field was disinfected. (2) The skin of the neck was cut longitudinally and the subcutaneous tissue incised to expose the right carotid artery. (3) A GAA hydrogel tube with the same inner diameter of the rabbit carotid artery (1.5 mm) was prepared and connected via two carotid artery cannulas. (4) The carotid artery of the rabbit
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was temporarily blocked, while intubation was performed at the proximal and distal ends of the right artery to effectively establish collateral circulation. (B) Activated partial thrombin time (APTT), (C) thrombin time (TT), (D) prothrombin time (PT), and (E) fibrinogen levels (Fg). (***P < 0.001; **P <
0.01; *P < 0.05; NS, not significant.).
