Evolution mobile wireless networks [1]

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Evolution mobile wireless networks [1]

• 1G

• Mobile voice services

• FDMA

• Advance Mobile Phone Servise (AMPS) in USA

• European Total Access Communication System (E-tacs) in Europe

• Frequency range 800 – 900 MHz

• 2G

• Voice and then slow speed data

• Global System for Mobile communications (GSM)

• TDMA

• IS-95

• CDMA

• 800/1900 MHz

• USA, Europe, Asia

Drahtlose Ad-hoc-Netze: Simulation, Implementation und Test - Organization

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Evolution mobile wireless networks [2]

• 2.5G

• Higher data rate

• General Packet Radio Services (GPRS)

• Packet switched data for GSM

• Transmission rate: 170 kbps

• Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution (EDGE)

• Circuit switched voice and packet switched data

• Maximum of 475 kbps when combining multiple slots

• Step towards 3G

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Evolution mobile wireless networks [3]

• 3G

• Seamless integration of voice and data

• High data rates

• Support for streaming

• Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems (UMTS)

• IMT-2000 standard

• Bandwidth up to 2 MBps

• HSPA+ has maximum of 21.6 Mbps

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Evolution mobile wireless networks [4]

• 4G

• Technological advancement

• MIMO – multiple input multiple output

• OFDM – Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

• High speed, high quality, high capacity

• Improved security

• IP telephony

• Standards: WiMAX and LTE

• 5G? Massive MIMO?

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WiFi [1]

Drahtlose Ad-hoc-Netze: Simulation, Implementation und Test – Wireless networks

Standardization communities

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WiFi [2]

• 802.11 family of standards

• First released in 1997

• 802.11b

• 1999

• 2.4 GHz, maximum of 11 Mbps, range of ~50 m

• Slowest maximum speed of all 802.11 standards

• Problem with interferences

• 802.11a

• 1999

• More complex – OFDM scheme

• 5 GHZ, maximum of 54 Mbps

• Mainly for business application due to the cost

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WiFi [3]

• 802.11g

• 2003

• OFDM

• 2.4 GHz and 54 Mbps

• Better speed and coverage

• 802.11n

• 2009

• MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)

• Both 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, maximum of 300 Mbps

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WiFi [4]

• 802.11ac

• 2014

• 433 Mbps up to 1 Gbps, working only on 5 GHz

• Beamforming – up to 8 special streams directed toward one device

• Multiuser MIMO – multiple clients at the same time

• 802.11p

• Vehicular networks and intelligent transportation systems

• 5.9 GHz, up to 1000 m range, 6-27 Mbps

• Half-duplex

• Also known as WAVE (wireless access in vehicular environments)

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802.15 wireless personal area networks

• Bluetooth (802.15.4)

• Wireless alternative to serial communication (start)

• 2.4 GHz, relatively low range (depending on the class 1m, 10m, 100m)

• 802.15.4

• Low rate wireless personal area networks

• Specific physical and MAC layer

• 868 MHz in Europe, 900 MHz in USA, 2.4 GHz worldwide

• 802.15.6

• 2011

• Body area networks

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Wireless spectrum [1]

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Wireless spectrum [2]

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Wireless spectrum [3]

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Wireless spectrum [4]

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Evolution mobile wireless networks [1]