Integrated Fruit Protection in Fruit Crops IOBC/wprs Bulletin Vol. 54, 2010 p. 220
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State of the Art of Control Strategies of Codling Moth, Apple Scab and Brown Spot in Europe
Daniel Casado
1, Jesús Avilla
1, Andrea Patocchi
2, Jörg Samietz
2, Klaus Paaske
3, Claire Lavigne
4, Benoît Sauphanor
4, Luciana Parisi
5, Bart Heijne
61Departament de Producció Vegetal I Ciència Forestal, Universitat de Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain; 2Agroscope Wädenswil, P.O. Box 185, 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland; 3Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Horticulture, Research Centre Aarslev, Kirstinebjergvej 10, P.O. Box 102, 5792 Aarslev, Denmark; 4Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, INRA, Site Agroparc Cedex 9, 84914 Avignon, France;
5INRA, Site Gotheron, 26320 St Marcel-les-Valence, France; 6Applied Plant Research, P.O.
Box 200, 6670 AE Zetten, The Netherlands
Abstract: ENDURE (www.endure-network.eu) is a European Network of Excellence which aims to the reduction of insecticide use in European agriculture, and the identification of gaps of knowledge in pest control science. Among the diverse actions of this network, a survey of the state of the art of control strategies of codling moth, apple scab and brown spot in Europe was conducted. These are 3 key pests of pome fruit production all over Europe, and they are responsible for most of the phytosanitary treatments applied in these crops. The survey was conducted at least in 5 European regions, Rhône Valley (France), The Netherlands, Emilia Romagna (Italy), Lake Constance (Switzerland and Germany), and Lleida (Spain); and in some cases additional regions were surveyed.
The survey was carried out by means of a questionnaire for each pest that was filled in by regional experts with close relationship with growers. Questionnaires requested information on monitoring, decision support systems, sanitation practices, use of environmentally friendly products, pesticide resistance management, cultural methods, emerging secondary pests, functional biodiversity, and bottlenecks; all considered basic elements to define a pest control strategy. The results of the survey are shown and discussed regarding specially durability of the strategy, major actual control tools, important bottlenecks, and discrepancy and heterogeneity among regions, for the control of the different pests.
Key words: IPM, codling moth, apple scab, brown spot, pome fruit, control strategy
