Increasing the capacity of traffic networks with connected/autonomous vehicles: Workshop

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Research Collection

Presentation

Increasing the capacity of traffic networks with connected/

autonomous vehicles Workshop

Author(s):

Kouvelas, Anastasios Publication Date:

2019-07-29 Permanent Link:

https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000357594

Rights / License:

In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted

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Dr. Anastasios Kouvelas

Traffic management in the era of connected and autonomous mobility IVT – Institut für Verkehrsplanung und Transportsysteme

Increasing the capacity of traffic networks

with connected/autonomous vehicles

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Agenda

 Traffic flow theory 101

 Traffic management

• Why capacity is important?

 Case studies

• Highway mainline control

• Ramp metering

• Variable speed limits (VSL)

• Urban traffic signal control

 Implications of connected and autonomous vehicles

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Different scales of traffic modeling

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Traffic flow as a fluid (or not?)

Traffic flow on roads has some similarities to

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Macroscopic modeling

mathematical abstraction Macroscopic traffic variables:

• traffic density ρ(x, t) in veh/km

• traffic volume q(x, t) in veh/h

• mean speed v(x, t) in km/h

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Analogy to fluids: LWR theory

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Traffic network: Demand-Supply system

Maximize Supply  Minimize Delays

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Capacity drop!

FD of a merging area

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Case study: Bay Bridge, Bay Area

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Bay bridge toll plaza set-up

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Simulation replication (NC)

Papageorgiou, M., et al., 2008. Real-time merging traffic control with applications to toll plaza and work

zone management. Transportation Research Part C, 16 (5).

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Simulation replication (metering)

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Can we achieve the same result with VSL?

No Control

VSL

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Evacuation of SF by using the bridges

The bridges can serve 40’000 veh/h.

How much time does it take to evacuate

120’000 veh?

Can I do it in 3 hours?

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Ramp metering

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Ramp metering and capacity

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Coordinated VSL and ramp metering control

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Controlling the traffic lights of a city

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Traffic Management Center (TMC)

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Single region control (gating)

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Case study: Chania network, Greece

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Extension to multiple regions

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Multivariable PI regulator

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Simulation scenario for Barcelona

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One day of taxi data, San Francisco

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Emerging Technologies

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City of Zurich: Roadmap V2X-Pilot

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EU Telecommunications Standards Institute

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Car sharing market growth

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Levels of automation

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Autonomous vehicles

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Road signs already exist in many countries

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Intermediate state: Mixed traffic

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Autonomous mobility and traffic as a fluid

 Capacity

 Anisotropy

• Does traffic only propagate backwards?

 Safety

• Protected environments

• Mixed traffic

• Dedicated lanes

 Traffic flow as an artificial fluid

• Connectivity and cooperation

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