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Fast Fourier Transform

Niklas J. Holzwarth a,b

a Division of Computer Assisted Medical Interventions (CAMI), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ)

b Faculty of Physics and Astronomy, Heidelberg University, Germany

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1 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Gliederung

• Allgemeine Grundlagen der Fourier Analyse

• Beispiel aus der Bildverarbeitung

• FFTW (Fastest Fourier Transform in the West)

Cooley-Tukey Algorithmus

• Frequenzanalyse mit Root (TVirtualFFT)

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2 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Allgemeine Grundlagen

• Kontinuierliche FT

• Technische Umsetzung: diskrete Fourier Transformation (FFT)

• Faltung

• Faltungstheorem: F[f⊗g] = F[f] * F[g]

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3 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Beweis des Faltungstheorems

http://wwwdh.informatik.uni- erlangen.de/IMMD8/Lectures/

THINF3/Folien0405/fft-rev4.pd f

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4 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Beispiel aus der Bildverarbeitung*

• Inverses Problem: g = PSF ⊗ f

g: Messwert

PSF: Punktbildverwaschungsfunktion (point spread function)

f: gesuchter Parameter

: Faltung

Bild links: Wiki *Vorlesung: Inverse Probleme (Hesser)

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5 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Beispiel aus der Bildverarbeitung*

• Inverses Problem: g = PSF ⊗ f

g: Messwert

PSF: Punktbildverwaschungsfunktion (point spread function)

f: gesuchter Parameter

: Faltung

• Fourier Raum (⊗→ *): G = OTF ⋅ F

OFT: Optische Übertragungsfunktion

*Vorlesung: Inverse Probleme (Hesser)

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6 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Beispiel aus der Bildverarbeitung*

*Vorlesung: Inverse Probleme (Hesser)

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7 Niklas J. Holzwarth

FFTW

• freie C Bibliothek zur schnellen Berechnung der DFT

• “fastest Fourier Transform in the West”

Komplexität: O(N log(N)) vs. O(N²) (DFT)

• FFTW verwendet nicht EINEN einzigen Algorithmus

Schritt 0: “planner” (ermittelt optimale Datenstruktur für FFT)

Schritt 1: FFT

http://www.fftw.org/

http://www.fftw.org/fftw3.pdf

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8 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Beispiel FFT: Cooley-Tukey Algorithmus

http://people.scs.carleton.ca/

~maheshwa/courses/5703CO MP/16Fall/FFT_Report.pdf

https://algowiki-project.org/en/Cooley%E 2%80%93Tukey_Fast_Fourier_Transform, _radix-2_case

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Frequenzanalyse mit Root

(TVirtualFFT)

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10 Niklas J. Holzwarth

TVirtualFFT

https://root.cern.ch/doc/mast er/classTVirtualFFT.html

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11 Niklas J. Holzwarth

Frequenzanalyse mit Root (TVirtualFFT)

https://root.cern.ch/doc/mast er/classTVirtualFFT.html

• #include "TVirtualFFT.h"

• Frequenzfunktion anlegen und diskretisieren (Histogramm)

• mag_hist->FFT(mag_hist, "MAG"); // “MAG”, “PH”

• TVirtualFFT *fft = TVirtualFFT::GetCurrentTransform();

• fft->GetPointsComplex(re_full,im_full);

• TVirtualFFT *fft_back = TVirtualFFT::FFT(1, &n, "C2R M K");

• fft_back->SetPointsComplex(re_full,im_full);

• fft_back->SetPoint(freq, re_filter, im_filter);

• fft_back->Transform(); → Histogramm oder Graph

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