Poetik des Erhabenen - Jean Pauls sublime Bildwelten

!

!

!

Poetik des Erhabenen – Jean Pauls sublime Bildwelten

!

!

!

!

"#$$%&'('#)*!

+,&!-&.(*/,*/!0%&!12&0%!%#*%$!")3')&$!0%&!45#.)$)65#%!

!

7)&/%.%/'!0%&!45#.)$)65#$859:#$')&#$85%*!;(3,.'<'!

0%&!=*#7%&$#'<'!>($%.!

! 7)*!!

?(@,%.!1)5./%@,'5!

7)*!

>($%.9?'(0'!

!

!

!

>($%.A!#@!B,.#!CDEE!

>,85F#*0%&%#!>)@@%&!G@F:!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

"#$#%&'()!*+$!,#-!.%'/+0+1%'02%34'0)+-'02%#$!5678/)9)!,#-!:$'*#-0')9)!;60#/<!68=!>$)-6(!*+$!

.-+=?!@-?!A6/=!B'&+$!C:$'*#-0')9)!;60#/D!8$,!.-+=?!@-?!E6F'&'/'6$!;#-(#$(-8#$!C:$'*#-0')G!,#!

"#$H*#D?!

!

!

;60#/<!,#$!IJ?!E9-K!LJII!! ! ! ! ! !@'#!@#76$'$!

! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !.-+=?!@-?!M/68,'6!N1')K3;#/67%6/!

! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Poetik des Erhabenen

Jean Pauls sublime Bildwelten

Samuel Wohlgemuth

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

Vorwort

!

!

!

!!

"#$! %&'(#$)$*+$! ,'-$#.! #/.! 01! "$2./34$*! 5$1#*0'! +$'! 6*#%$'/#.7.! 80/$(! $*./.0*+$*! 2*+!

92'+$! #1! :04'! ;<==! %&*! +$'! >4#(&/&?4#/34@A#/.&'#/34$*! B0C2(.7.! 0(/! "#//$'.0.#&*!

0*)$*&11$*D!BE'!+#$!F$'GHH$*.(#342*)!#/.!/#$!($#34.!E-$'0'-$#.$.!9&'+$*D!

I$#*!"0*C!)#(.!%&'!0(($1!1$#*$1!"&C.&'%0.$'!>'&HD!"'D!J0(H!5#1&*K!&4*$!+$//$*!H034C2*+#)$!

8$.'$22*)!+#$/$!5.2+#$!*#34.!47..$!$*./.$4$*!CG**$*D!L-$*/&!+0*C$*!1G34.$!#34!>'&HD!"'D!

I0M#1#(#0*! 8$')$*)'2$*! 2*+! >'&HD! "'D! N&(H)0*)! >'&//! HE'! #4'$! 9$'.%&(($*! ,*'$)2*)$*D! O*!

H034(#34$'! 2*+! H'$2*+/340H.(#34$'! A#*/#34.! 2*.$'/.E.P.! 40-$*! 1#34! 02//$'+$1! Q4&10/!

5.#*)$(#*K!J$)#*$!82*)0'.P!2*+!R(02+$!S#(.$*$'D!!

F&*! A$'P$*! +0*C$! #34! /34(#$//(#34! 1$#*$*! L(.$'*K! 9$(34$! +#$/$/! >'&1&.#&*//.2+#21!

H#*0*P#$((! $'1G)(#34.$*K! 1$#*$*! -$#+$*! 5349$/.$'*K! /&9#$! 1$#*$'! B01#(#$T! I0')#.! 2*+!

,2'$(#0!I0#$'D!

!

!

!

!

!

!

80/$(K!#1!5&11$'!;<==!! ! ! ! ! !! !5012$(!N&4()$12.4!

!

!

! "!#!"!

!

!

Inhaltsverzeichnis

!

!"#$%&'(#)* +!

,('*$-'./&(#).01)!* 2!

13."/&4*(#5*!'6!##4#"."#4!'!..!*5!'*1'3!"4* 77!

%3!'*5!#*3!)'"$$*5!.*!'&13!#!#* 78!

3"0594'1#.$-':14"-#!#* 72!

61;"4!0*7<*1#4&'-;-0-)"!*(#5*:!41;&=."6* >8!

7?7*5"!*$'1)!*#1/&*5!:*:!#./&!#* >8!

7?>*;.=/&-;&=."610"./&!'*:!/&1#".:(.* >@!

7?8*$'!:5!*.!!0!*":*0!"3*5!'*&-&!#*:!#./&!#* 8>!

"#$#"!%&'()&%)*+)!)*,-.)&,)%+!/(01!-&2-&3!45&!!"#$%&'"()*+,-#!"#$%&! $6!

7?A*51'.4!00(#)*5!'*#14('* 82!

7?B*5"!*&-&!*6(#.4*5!'*0"!3!./-5"!'(#)*C;-!4"6*5!'*)!$%&0!D* AB!

"#6#"!7%)!8*5.9)1-+%:!*51-&+%';,)*!9%).)! <=!

"#6#>!:5110&%:-+%5&'95'%3:)%+!-9'!9%).)'%7)-9! 6"!

61;"4!0*><*6-.:-0-)"./&!*E"."-#!#* BF!

>?7*.;!6(014"-#!#*%3!'*5!#*31(*5!.*G!04)!3H(5!.* BF!

>?>*(#4!')1#).;&1#41."!#*":*G!04100* F>!

>#>#"!-++*-:+%4%+?+!7)*!';,*);:.%97)*! @6!

>?8*)!3('4*5!.*!'&13!#!#*1(.*5!:*)!".4!*5!'*;&1#41."!* F+!

>#$#"!%1!%&&)&*-01!7)*!)%&.%970&3':*-2+! A<!

>#$#>!)B:0*'!C.)*!.%979%;,)'!'8*);,)&!/1)+-8,)*D! AE!

>?A*":1)"#14"E!*1(../&G!"$(#)!#* +I!

>?B*#!(!*)-44!..!:1#4"6* +F!

>#6#"!9%+)*-+0*!-9'!F0-'%G*)9%3%H')'!:518)&'-+I! EE!

>?F*4'"(:;&*5!.*)!".4!.*%3!'*5"!*:14!'"!*C"5!10".:(.D* 28!

61;"4!0*8<*":*'!"/&*5!.*(#!#50"/&!#* 7II!

8?7*5!'*:!41;&=."./&!*&"::!0* 7II!

$#"#"!*%'')!%1!J)9+3).?07)! "K<!

8?>*1(.30"/6*1($*61#4.*4&!-'"!*5!.*!'&13!#!#* 7I+!

8?8*4'1#."4*,G"./&!#*&-$$!#*(#5*31#)!#* 77>!

$#$#"!0&9%1%+%)*+)!')1%5')! ""6!

$#$#>!9?0+)*0&3'8*5()''! ""E!

$#$#$!-02';,0.L!-02)*'+),0&3!0&7!J%)7)*,590&3! ">"!

8?A*:-'10"./&!*":;0"614"-#!#*5!.*!'&13!#!#* 7>A!

61;"4!0*A<*)'!#,!'$1&'(#)!#*":*!"!#$* 78I!

A?7*1031#-.*&J&!#'1(./&*1($*".-01*3!001* 78I!

<#"#"!45*!7)*!&-+0*:09%'')!/'+-**)'!.%975.M):+D! "$>!

<#"#>!(J%';,)&!5.)*29?;,)!0&7!+%)2)!/-&%1-+%5&D! "$6!

<#"#$!*):5&'+*0%)*+)!4)*3-&3)&,)%+!/'%109-+%5&D! "$A!

<#"#<!7%)!%&&)*)&!.9%;:2)97)*!/%11)*'%5&D! "<"!

! "!#!"!

!"#"$%&'()*+*,--./01.(% #!2%

!"#$%&'()*+)',$,-./01)'$/012')3$4'5$)*167)')3$ 8!9%

!"3"#%1*4'51&41.(67.60)*6%.&%71*%'*84.(10()*% #$!%

!"3"3%'95'&:6%614&6)84(%&'84%4,41% #$2%

!":$-.;;%<*;.01)$.01/401=$&5)*$5.)$%4'/=$5)*$()*/=);;4'+$>*&?46.*&;@$ 8A#%

%6B.=);$CD$')+6=.&')'$5)/$)*167)')'$.'$5)*$.5E;;)$ 8A9%

C"8$+)/01;&//)')$3.'.6=4*-);=$ 8A9%

$"#"#%;'*'7:<.1'5684.*-)&/% #=>%

$"#"3%19?6@.6841*%')6&'4-1A)6('&7% #=B%

C"#$+)/01.01=)$).')*$+)+;<0%=)'$()*/)=,4'+$ 8FF%

$"3"#%7'6%C.&(1*4'95D'4*% #=E%

$"3"3%7'6%6:--1*4'95D'4*% #E#%

%6B.=);$AD$.'()*=.)*=)$)*167)'1).=$.3$143&*./=./01)'$*&36'$ 89!%

A"8$()*%)1*=)$-);=$ 89!%

2"#"#%.&%71*%684C151F% #EE%

A"#$/01&BB)/$/B.)+);%67.')==$ 8G8%

A":$;4H=/01.HH)*$,-./01)'$;))*)3$1.33);$4'5$+)HI1*;.01)*!)*5'I1)$ 8GC%

2"B"#%0:-;9.A1&684'+(%-.(%71-%5,61&% #G2%

2"B"3%')+9,6)&/%71*%'9(1&%/1C.6641.(1&% #GE%

2"B"B%0*.1/6/*@)19%)&7%6:&&1&)&(1*/@&/1% 3>>%

2"B"!%7.1%9'&7684'+(%'96%;'&:;(.6841%9'&70'*(1% 3>B%

2"B"$%-:*'9.6841%)&684@*+1&%)&7%7@-:&1&% 3>2%

2"B"2%;'*'7:<1%61956(H1*C.*09.84)&/%.-%-17.)-%71*%61956(H1*&.84()&/% 3##%

%6B.=);$FD$&*.)'=.)*4'+/;&/)$.**;.01=)*$ #8A%

F"8$(.()$;6$76+6=);;)$ #8A%

="#"#%1*:6.:&1&%716%1*4'51&1&% 3#E%

F"#$>'@.%&'&36'.)$ ##8%

="3"#%7.1%&.0:9')6%64:C% 33$%

="3"3%')(:0*'(.1%'*(.+.A.1991*%684,;+)&/% 33E%

="3"B%1.&5*)84%716%*1'91&%.&%+:*-%1.&1*%;'*'&:.71&%H1*591&7)&/%I0'.&J% 3B3%

)B.;&+$ #:A%

/.+;)'$ #!J%

;.=)*6=4*()*,).01'./$ #!8%

B*.3I*;.=)*6=4*$ #!8%

/)%4'5I*;.=)*6=4*$ #!:%

!!

! "!#!"!

!

!

!

!

!

! !

!

$%! &'()*+)+! ,*)! (%()+! -)./)! 01! .21'()+3! 24).! ,).! $'()*+!

5%667! 8%+! ,)+! 9%:5)+;! <):'()! &*'(! 8%+! 1+7)+! 2+! &*)! 0*)()+!

1+,!:)/)+=!>!?1.!,*)!@*)A)!+)4):7;!+*'(7!,).!-)./=!

!

!B)2+!C21:!

! "!#!"!

!

Einführung

!

!

!

!$%&'!(&)*+!,%-.!+/%0/!12!3%140%'!5%-!67'!5%-!8)9.*:-)';!1'1/11%-/%'!%-.%''/'1+/0%7-%/1+40%'!

<2;%+/&*/)';! 5%+! 2%/&=0>+1+40%'! ,%*/?1*5%+! 1'! %1'%! '%)%! @-5')';A! 51%! 70'%! ;B//*140%'!

C1''! &)+.722/D! EF-! 51%! G-+40F//%-)';%'A! 51%! +140! &)9;-)'5! 51%+%-! H75191.&/17'! 5%-!

=01*7+7=01+40%'! H75%**%! &2! G'5%! 5%+! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/+! 12! ;%+%**+40&9/*140%'! J%9F;%!

%-;%?%'! )'5! 51%! ?1+! 1'+! K''%-+/%! 5%-! C)?L%./%! 67-5-1';%'A! 0&//%! $%&'! (&)*! %1'!

+%1+27;-&=01+40%+! J%+=F-D! ,1%! .&)2! %1'! &'5%-%-! 5%)/+40%-! C40-19/+/%**%-! ?%7?&40/%/%A!

-%9*%./1%-/%!)'5!.722%'/1%-/%!%-!51%!C=&'')';%'A!M1++%A!N-F40%!)'5!O%-+401%?)';%'!1'!5%'!

J-)'59%+/%'!51%+%-!G=740%D!$%&'!(&)*!-%&;1%-/%!&)9!51%!P-1+%!5%-!%=1+/%21+40%'!(-:21++%'!1'!

%1'%-!8-/!)'5!,%1+%A!51%!L%5%!0%-.B22*140%!E7-2!+=-%';/%D!C%1'%!)'Q:0*1;%'!R%S/%1'+40F?%A!

E7-/+%/Q)';%'A! GS/-&+%1/%'! )'5! GS/-&?*://%-A! 8?+40T%19)';%'A! O7-"! )'5! U&40-%5%'A! 51%!

&-&?%+.%! V?%-9F**%! 67'! T1/Q1;%'! G1'9:**%'! 75%-! 51%! %'5*7+%'! <2T%;%! 12! W&?>-1'/0! +%1'%-!

K5%%'!2&40%'!%+!5%2!W%+%-!+40T%-A!+140!1'!51%+%2!)'F?%-+140/*140%'!,%-.!Q)!7-1%'/1%-%'D!

X740! T%-! 51%! %*%2%'/&-%'! Y75%+! 5%-! J%+%**+40&9/! )'5! 5%-%'! (-7?*%29%*5%-! )2! I#ZZ!

6%-+/%0%'! T1**A! .722/! )2! 51%+%'! C40-19/+/%**%-! '140/! 0%-)2D! X%''! ?%1! ;%'&)%-%2!

[1'+40&)%'! %-T%1+%'! +140! +%1'%! M72&'%! '140/! ')-! &*+! %2=91'5+&2"/-:'%'/-1%9%'5%! )'5!

0)27-1+/1+40"6%-+40-7?%'%! 75%-! 15>**1+40"6%-+=7''%'%! P)'+/T%-.%A! +7'5%-'! &)40! &*+!

)'%-+40B=9*140%! E)'5;-)?%'! 9F-! =01*7+7=01+40%! R0%7-1%'A! /0%7*7;1+40%! V?%-*%;)';%'A!

&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%! <'/%-+)40)';%'A! 2%51Q1'1+40%! G-.%''/'1++%! 75%-! 9F-! &+/-7'721+40%!

G'/5%4.)';%'A!51%!+140!1'!5%-!3%1/!QT1+40%'!8)9.:-)';!)'5!M72&'/1.!&';%+&22%*/!0&?%'D!

C%1'%!M72&'%!T15%-+=1%;%*'!51%!?%T)++/%'!)'5!)'?%T)++/%'!E)'5&2%'/%!5%-!5&2&*1;%'!

,1++%'+.)*/)-D^I!!

U&40!*&';%'!$&0-%'!5%-!G-97*;*7+1;.%1/!&*+!O%-9&++%-!+&/1-1+40%-!C40-19/%'A!5-F4.%'5%-!8-2)/!

)'5! +40T%-%'! C4014.+&*++40*:;%'! T)-5%! $70&''! (&)*! E-1%5-140! M140/%-! \I]^_"I#`ab! c)&+1!

I! $%&'! (&)*! 0&/! ?%1'&0%! &**%+! ;%*%+%'! )'5! %SQ%-=1%-/A! T&+! 102! 1'! 51%! [:'5%! ;%.722%'! 1+/d! =01*7+7=01+40%A!

'&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%A!/0%7*7;1+40%!R%S/%!)'5!67-!&**%2!W1/%-&/)-!&)+!&**%-!,%*/D!G-!6%-+40*&';!&**%+!,1++%'!

5%-!3%1/A!5%++%'!%-!0&?0&9/!T%-5%'!.7''/%D!O;*D!5&Q)!JB/Q!HF**%-d!$%&'!(&)*+!GSQ%-=/%D!,F-Q?)-;!Ie##D!

! "!e!"!

F?%-! U&40/! %1'! !"##$%&'( !$)*( &2! *1/%-&-1+40%'! [122%*! X%)/+40*&'5+D! G1'%! 3%1/! *&';!

6%-.&)9/%'!+140!+%1'%!NF40%-!+7;&-!?%++%-!&*+!51%L%'1;%'!67'!J7%/0%!75%-!C401**%-D!O7-!&**%2!

51%! ;%?1*5%/%'! E-&)%'! 5%+! &)9+/%1;%'5%'! NF-;%-/)2+! +40:/Q/%'! 51%! 9%1'%! 8-/! 5%+!

%1;%'+1''1;%'! X140/%-+A! 5%-! T%5%-! .*&++1+40%! X-&2%'! '740! J%5140/%! 6%-9&++/%A! +7'5%-'!

*%51;*140! M72&'%! 1'! %1'%-! +)?L%./16! 9&?)*1%-%'5%'! (-7+&! +40-1%?D! X%-! ;-7++%! M)02! 5%+!

X140/%-+!T&-!&**%-51';+!')-!67'!.)-Q%-!X&)%-D!C407'!5%-!+%$)&!\I#Z_b!?-&40/%!'140/!2%0-!5%'!

%-0799/%'!G-97*;!)'5!5%-!*%/Q/%!M72&'!,#-.$!\I#`_b!9&'5!.&)2!2%0-!*1/%-&-1+40%!N%&40/)';A!

+7!5&++!$%&'!(&)*!?%-%1/+!Q)!W%?Q%1/%'!T1%5%-!1'!5%-!-%+7'&'Q*7+%'!O%-+%'.)';!6%-+40T&'5D!

G1'%! G'/T14.*)';A! 51%! 102! +%*?+/! :)++%-+/! 21++91%*A! 5%''! 5&+! O%-+40T1'5%'! &)+! 5%2!

.7**%./16%'!J%5:40/'1+!T&-!102!%1'!J-:)%*D!$%&'!(&)*!?%/-1%?!5&+!C40-%1?%'!5&0%-!+/%/+!&*+!

%1'%! 8-/! V?%-*%?%'+=-&S1+A! +7T70*! 12! 2&/%-1%**%'! &*+! &)40! 15%%**%'! C1''D! <2! 5%2!

)'6%-2%15*140%'!C4014.+&*!5%-!G'5*140.%1/!Q)!%'/.722%'A!6%-/-&)/%!%-!;&'Q!&)9!51%!H&40/!

5%-! G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/D! H1/! L%5%2! ;%+40-1%?%'%'! C&/Q! 6%-T7?! %-! 5&+! 9*F40/1;%! \12&;1'1%-/%b!

W%?%'! Q)! +%217/1+40%'! U%/Q%'A! )2! f21/! 5%-+%*?%'! G'/+40*7++%'0%1/A! =7%/1+40! 5%-! 3%1/! %1'!

C40'1==40%'!Q)!+40*&;%'A!')-!&'5%-+A!')-!T1%5%-!'%)!&)+=0&'/&+1%-/A!5&21/!5%+!C40-%1?%'+!

.%1'! G'5%! +%1Dg^`! 8)9! 51%+%! ,%1+%! &-?%1/%/%! 5%-! X140/%-! &.-1?1+40! &'! +%1'%-! =&=1%-%'%'!

<'+/%-?*140.%1/h! %1'! 5)-40&)+! %-'+/! ;%2%1'/%+! <'/%-9&';%'A! 5&+! &*+! +:.)*&-1+1%-/%+!

R0%7*7;)2%'7'! 5%-! GT1;.%1/! ;%5%)/%/! T%-5%'! .&''d! ,%''! 5&+! %T1;%! W%?%'! +407'! '140/!

2%0-!1'!%1'%2!2%/&=0>+1+40%'!C1''!Q)!0&?%'!T&-A!+7**/%!5740!T%'1;+/%'+!5%-!.75191Q1%-/%!

J%1+/! 1'! %1'%2! ;-&?+/%1'&-/1;%'! N%0:*/%-! QT1+40%'! QT%1! N)405%4.%*'! %1';%+40*7++%'!

*%?%'51;!?*%1?%'d!f8?%-!Q)!T&+!G'5%!51%+%!O1%*+40-%1?%-%1i!T%*40%!E-&;%j!&*+!T%''!2&'!+140!

'140/!21/!&)9;%/0F-2/%'!NF40%-'!5%'!R0-7'!5%+!M)02+!%-?&)%'!2F+/%jg!\$(!KKkIA_#eb!

!

Zur Forschungslage

K2!8'+40*)++!&'!,7*9;&';!(-7++l!X1++%-/&/17'!/.)&(0)12!('.!3"%3"$2%3".(4$.221&'!\Ie]abA!51%!

5%'!X140/%-!1'!5&+!T1++%'+40&9/*140%!X1+.)-+9%*5!5%-!3%1/!%1'?1'5%/A!)'5![&'+"$F-;%'!C401';+!

C/)51%! Q)2!5&$"*#6#2#'%!3".&( 7#-)&! \Ie#Zb! *:++/! +140! 1''%-0&*?! 5%-! $%&'! (&)*"E7-+40)';!

5%-!#Z%-!)'5!eZ%-!$&0-%'!%1'%!&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%!,%'5%!9%+/+/%**%'D!C=:/%+/%'+!+%1/!51%+%'!

8-?%1/%'! ;1*/! $%&'! (&)*! '140/! 2%0-! &*+! 6%-+40-7?%'%-! [)27-1+/! 75%-! T%*/9*F40/1;%-!

`![%*2)/!(97/%'0&)%-d!X&+!W%?%'!+40-%1?%'!m!X&+!C40-%1?%'!*%?%'D!K'd!$?$(J!_ak_^!\`ZZZk`ZZIbA!CD!n^"a#A!01%-!

CD!neD!

_! K2! E7*;%'5%'! T1-5! *%51;*140! %1'%! %S%2=*&-1+40%! X&-+/%**)';! 5%-! E7-+40)';+*1/%-&/)-! 5%-! *%/Q/%'! 61%-!

$&0-Q%0'/%!&';%+/-%?/A!51%!'140/!&)9!O7**+/:'51;.%1/!&?Q1%*/D!

! "!IZ!"!

H%/&=0>+1.%-D! C/&//5%++%'! T)-5%! 5%-! X140/%-! 12! 3);%! 51%+%-! '%)%-%'! E7-+40)';+-140/)';!

&*+! %1'! 2&++*7+! %SQ%-=1%-%'5%-! C40-19/+/%**%-! T&0-;%'722%'A! 5%++%'! *1/%-&-1+40%! ,%-.%!

?%1'&0%! +:2/*140%! ,1++%'+.7'91;)-&/17'%'! 5%+! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/+! T15%-+=1%;%*'D! $%&'! (&)*+!

M72&'%!57.)2%'/1%-%'!)'5!&'&*>+1%-%'!5%'!&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%'!X1+.)-+!5%-!3%1/A!1'5%2!+1%!

51%!Y722%-41)2"X%?&//%!&)9!5&+!*1/%-&-1+40%!E%*5!F?%-/-&;%'D!C1%!9-&;%'!'&40!5%2!,%+%'!

5%+!H%'+40%'A!+%1'%-!C/%**)';!1'!5%-!,%*/!)'5!12!P7+27+A!+7T1%!5%-!,%40+%*T1-.)';!67'!

W%1?! )'5! C%%*%D! C%1/0%-! T)-5%'! +1%! 1'! 5%-! E7-+40)';! 122%-! T1%5%-! &*+! f&)+;%Q%140'%/%o+p!

GS%-Q1%-9%*5! )'5! H%51)2! 5%-! '%)%'! 8'/0-7=7*7;1%gⁿ! )'/%-+)40/D! K2! J%97*;%! 51%+%-!

&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%'! ,%'5%! +1'5! 67-! &**%2! 51%! %-.%''/'1+-%140%'! 8-?%1/%'! 67'! JB/Q! HF**%-d!

/.)&( 0)12!( 8!$".$%9( 1&:( ;)$1*6"%2#!#6"%.! \Ie#_bA! H&S121*1&'! M&'.*d!/.)&( 0)12( 1&:( :%.(

;)$1*<%!!.&!3")=$! \Ie#]b! )'5! H&S121*1&'! N%-;%';-)%'d!43">&.( 4..2.&?( '*#$.!9.( ,>*6.*!

\`ZZ_b^a!Q)!'%''%'A!51%!+140!&**%+&2/!12!C=&'')';+9%*5!QT1+40%'!U&/)-T1++%'+40&9/A!q+/0%/1.!

)'5! W1/%-&/)-! =7+1/17'1%-%'D! 8'! 51%+%! 21//*%-T%1*%! +%0-! ;)/! %-97-+40/%! )'5! 9%+/! %/&?*1%-/%!

R-&51/17'!+40*1%++/!51%!67-*1%;%'5%'!C/)51%!')-!/%1*T%1+%!&'D!3T&-!?%+40:9/1;/!&)40!+1%!+140!12!

%-+/%'!P&=1/%*!21/!8'/0-7=7*7;1%A!&?%-!')-!)2!51%+%+!E%*5!&'+40*1%++%'5!21/!5%-!P7+27*7;1%!

Q)! 6%-?1'5%'D! X%-! *1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%! E7.)+! T%40+%*/! &)9! 51%! G?%'%! 5%-! =7%/1+40%'!

N1*5*140.%1/A!T7!%-!QT1+40%'!5%-!'&/)-=01*7+7=01+40%'!)'5!5%-!.7+27*7;1+40%'!(%-+=%./16%!

7+Q1**1%-/D!!

8'!51%+%-!C/%**%!1+/!Q)!=-:Q1+1%-%'d!$%&'!(&)*+!M72&'%!T%-5%'!1'!51%+%-!8-?%1/!'140/!?%*1%?1;!

&)9!N1*5%-!&'&*>+1%-/h!61%*2%0-!1'/%-%++1%-/!+140!5%-!O%-9&++%-!%S=*1Q1/!9F-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!1'!5%'!

R%S/%'D! <'/%-+)40/! T%-5%'! %-0&?%'%! CQ%'%'A! 1'! T%*40%'! +140! 51%! M72&'91;)-%'! 67'! 5%'!

1-51+40%'!(0:'72%'%'!*B+%'!)'5!10-%'!J%1+/!&)9!51%!%S1+/%'/1%**"2%/&=0>+1+40%'!O7-;:';%!

)'5! 3)+&22%'0:';%! -140/%'D! K'+79%-'! %-T%1+/! +140! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! '140/! ')-! &*+! %1'%!

:+/0%/1+40%A!+7'5%-'!&)40!&*+!%1'%!T%*/&'+40&)*140%!P&/%;7-1%A!1'!T%*40%-!51%!6%-+401%5%'%'!

\12!T%1/%+/%'!C1''!-%*1;1B+%'b!O7-+/%**)';%'!F?%-!W%?%'!)'5!R75!Q)2!8)+5-)4.!.722%'D!K2!

3%'/-)2! 51%+%-! 8-?%1/! +/%0%'! &*+7! 51%! =7%/7*7;1+40%'! K2=*1.&/17'%'A! 51%! +140! &)+! 5%'!

n! [&'+"$F-;%'! C401';+d! X%-! &'/0-7=7*7;1+40%! M72&'D! C%1'%! G'/+/%0)';! )'5! P-1+%! 12! 3%1/&*/%-! 5%-!

C=:/&)9.*:-)';D! K'd! X1%! U%)?%+/122)';! 5%+! H%'+40%'D! [;D! 6D! N%-'0&-5! E&?1&'! )D&D! HF'40%'! Ie#Z! \r!

C/)51%'! Q)2! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/! `k_bA! CD! `n]"`]aA! 01%-! CD! `^]D! 8**%-51';+! +1'5! 1'! 51%+%2! 3%1/-&)2! T%1/%-01'!

T140/1;%!8-?%1/%'!%-+401%'%'A!51%!'140/!51-%./!21/!5%2!&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%'!(&-&51;2&!Q)+&22%'0:';%'D!3)!

'%''%'!+1'5!67-!&**%2!P)-/!,B*9%*d!/.)&(0)12@4$1:%.&!\Ie#ebA!,&*/-&)5!,1%/0B*/%-d!A%$B%'.(C221-%&)$%#&.&!

\Ie]ebA! $740%'! J7*Qd!A.2$( 1&:( D.'.&@A.2$! \Iee^b! )'5! <*-1.%! [&;%*d!E22%6$%!3".( F.%$*G1-.( :.!( E*BG"2.&!!

\`ZZ_b!

a! N%-;%';-)%'! 0&/! 1'! +%1'%-! X1++%-/&/17'!43">&.( 4..2.&?( '*#$.!9.( ,>*6.*! \`ZZ_b! ;%Q%1;/A! T1%! ?%1! $%&'! (&)*!

&'/0-7=7*7;1+40%-! )'5! :+/0%/1+40%-! X1+.)-+! +/:'51;! 1'%1'&'5%-! ;-%19%'D! C%1'%! C/)51%! ?%*%)40/%/! 51%!

.72=*%S%'!,%40+%*T1-.)';%'!QT1+40%'!PB-=%-!)'5!C%%*%D!

! "!II!"!

%-0&?%'%'! N1*5T%*/%'! 12! C=&'')';+9%*5! QT1+40%'! 8'/0-7=7*7;1%! )'5! P7+27*7;1%A! (0>+1.!

)'5! H%/&=0>+1.A! C140/?&-.%1/! )'5! <'+140/?&-.%1/! %-;%?%'D! 8'0&'5! &)+;%T:0*/%-!

R%S/=&++&;%'!+7**%'!51%!?1*5/0%7-%/1+40%'!P7'91;)-&/17'%'!?%+40-1%?%'!T%-5%'D!!

!

K'!5%-!E7-+40)';!9%0*/!?1+!5&/7!%1'%!H7'7;-&91%A!T%*40%!5&+!R0%2&!sG-0&?%'0%1/!?%1!$%&'!

(&)*t!+>+/%2&/1+40!%-&-?%1/%/D!G+!;1?/!')-!%1'%'!%1'Q1;%'!8)9+&/Q!&)+!5%'!Ie^Z%-!$&0-%'!67'!

[%1'Q!U147*&1A!5%-!+140!%S=*1Q1/!21/!5%2!G-0&?%'%'!1'!$%&'!(&)*+!X140/)';!&)+%1'&'5%-+%/Q/D^{^}! X1%+%! WF4.%! +7**! 21/! 5%-! 67-*1%;%'5%'! C/)51%A! T%*40%! +140! ;*%140Q%1/1;! &*+! :+/0%/1+40%!

N1*5&'&*>+%!)'5!*1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%!K'/%-=-%/&/17'!6%-+/%0/A!;%+40*7++%'!T%-5%'D!C1%!

1'/%-%++1%-/! +140! 9F-! 51%! HB;*140.%1/+?%51';)';%'A! )'/%-! 5%'%'! %-0&?%'%! N1*5%-! %'/+/%0%'!

)'5! 7-1%'/1%-/! +140! 67-T1%;%'5! &'! LF';%-%'! 8-?%1/%'A! T%*40%! %?%'+7! ,%-/! &)9! N1*5*140.%1/!

75%-! H%/&=07-7*7;1%! ?%1! $%&'! (&)*! *%;%'D! O7'! ?%+7'5%-%-! N%5%)/)';! +1'5! 1'! 51%+%2!

3)+&22%'0&';! H7'1.&! C4021/Q"G2&'+! C/)51%!43"&16=$13"!9&#$.&( #:.*( 4$.*&H%2:! \Ie#^bA!

T%*40%!51%!8'+:/Q%!Q)!%1'%-!R0%7-1%!5%-!C=-&40%!?%1!$%&'!(&)*!%-97-+40/A!+7T1%!10-%!+=:/%-%!

<'/%-+)40)';( I%.( J%$.*)$1*?( :%.( K%2:.*( 1&:( :)!( L&!%3"$H)*.! \IeeebA! 51%! +140! 21/!

6%-+401%5%'%'! *1/%-&/1+40%'! R%S/%'! QT1+40%'! 5%2! I#D! )'5! `ZD! $&0-0)'5%-/! ?%+40:9/1;/D!

X%+T%1/%-'!-%*%6&'/!9F-!51%+%!8-?%1/!+1'5![&'+!G++%*?7-'d!I)!(L&%M.*!1-(:.*(K%2:.*!\Ie#ebA!

5%++%'!C/)51%!+140!&)9!51%!'&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%'!8+=%./%!?%+40-:'./A!+7T1%!G4.&-/!J7%?%*d!

5-( L=.*( :.*( B<.%$.&( A.2$! \IeeebD^]! G1'%'! T140/1;%'! )'5! 1'+=1-1%-%'5%'! K2=)*+! ;&?!

+40*1%++*140!5%-!8)9+&/Q!67'!M&*9!C127'd!K%2:6#2%$%9.&(:.*(E*")H.&".%$!\`ZZ]bD^#!

!

Absicht und Erkenntnisinteresse der Arbeit

K'!5%-!67-*1%;%'5%'!X1++%-/&/17'!T1-5!51%!R0%+%!6%-/-%/%'A!5&++!G-0&?%'0%1/+=0:'72%'%!1'!

$%&'!(&)*+!M72&'%'!%1'%!Q%'/-&*%!M7**%!+=1%*%'D!C%1'%!%-Q:0*%'5%!X140/)';!%S=%-12%'/1%-/!

QT1+40%'!R%S/%'!)'5!N1*5%-'A!1'5%2!+1%!*&)9%'5!'%)%!R%S/"N1*5"G'+%2?*%+!0%-67-?-1';/A!51%!

%1'%'!12&;1':-%'!M&)2!QT1+40%'!X1%++%1/+!)'5!$%'+%1/+!%-+40*1%++%'D!X1%!R0%+%!*&)/%/A!5&++!

^! O;*D! [%1'Q! U147*&1d! K5%%! )'5! J%+/&*/)';! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! ?%1! $%&'! (&)*D! K'd! K2=-12&/)-D! G1'! $&0-?)40! 9F-!

NF40%-9-%)'5%D!U%)%!E7*;%A!N5D!KO!\Ie^abA!CD!In#"I^ZD!G1'!'740!9-F0%-%-!8)9+&/QA!5%-!QT&-!'140/!%S=*1Q1/!&)9!

$%&'! (&)*A! L%5740! &)9! 51%! W1/%-&/)-! 5%+! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/+! %1';%0/A! +/&22/! 67'! P&-*! O1u/7-d! X1%! K5%%! 5%+!

G-0&?%'%'! 1'! 5%-! 5%)/+40%'! W1/%-&/)-! oQ)%-+/! Ie_]pD! K'd! X%-+Dd! J%1+/! )'5! E7-2D! 8)9+:/Q%! Q)-! 5%)/+40%'!

W1/%-&/)-;%+40140/%D!N%-'!Iea`A!CD!`_n"`^^!)'5!CD!_n^"_a]D!

]! J7%?%*+! C/)51%!5-( L=.*( :.*( B<.%$.&( A.2$! )'/%-+)40/! 51%! %2=91'5+&2%'! W&'5+40&9/%'! 1'! 5%'! R%S/%'! $%&'!

(&)*+D! C1%! .&''! 1'+79%-'! &*+! O7-*:)9%-1'! 51%+%-! 8-?%1/! ?%/-&40/%/! T%-5%'A! &*+! ?%15%! <'/%-+)40)';%'! 5%'!

K'/%-%++%'97.)+!&)9!51%!12&;1'1%-/%'!V?%-;:';%!QT1+40%'!X1%++%1/+!1'!$%'+%1/+!-140/%'D!!

#! C127'! T%'5%/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &)9! [%-5%-A! $%&'! (&)*A! P*%1+/! )'5! [B*5%-*1'! &'A! )2! 51%! )'/%-+401%5*140%'!

C%2&'/1.%'!51%+%+!?1*5/0%7-%/1+40%'!P7'Q%=/+!)2!I#ZZ!Q)!?%*%)40/%'D!

! "!I`!"!

51%+%-! 61-/)%**%! M&)2! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &*+! %1'%! ?1*50&9/! 6%-5140/%/%A! &?%-! Q);*%140!

T15%-+=-F40*140%! 8'7-5')';! .7'+/1/)1%-/D! G-! 97-2/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! Q)! %1'%2!

=0&'/&+2&;7-1+40%'! P'7/%'=)'./A! 5%-! 51%! G'5*140.%1/! 5%+! W%?%'+! 21/! 5%-! K5%%! +%%*1+40%-!

<'+/%-?*140.%1/! 6%-.'F=9/D! H1/! +%1'%-! &991-2&/16%'! N%Q);'&02%! &)9! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! %-B99'%/!

$%&'!(&)*!%1'%'!,%;!&)+!5%2!K-51+40%'!1'!51%!R-&'+Q%'5%'QD!@5%-!%-!9F0-/!+%1'%!*1/%-&-1+40%'!

8./%)-%! 21/! [1*9%! 51%+%-! :+/0%/1+40%'! P&/%;7-1%! 1'! +40T1'5%*%--%;%'5%! [B0%'A! T7! +1%! 51%!

5)'.*%!C%1/%!5%+!,%*/&**+!%-?*14.%'D!K'!?%15%'!E:**%'!T1-5!51%!N%;%;')';!21/!5%2!G-0&?%'%'!

9F-! 51%! M72&'91;)-%'! Q)! %1'%-! ;*%140Q%1/1;! 0%-&)+97-5%-'5%'! )'5! ?%5-70*140%'! M%1+%! 1'!

)'?%.&''/%! \C%%*%'bM%;17'%'D! G'/0)+1&+/1+40%! 8)++140/%'! 1'! 51%! GT1;.%1/! )'5! 5%-!

+40-%4.*140%! 8'?*14.! %1'%+! ;7//*7+%'! <'16%-+)2+! 2&-.1%-%'! 51%! ?%15%'! C%1/%'! %1'! )'5!

5%-+%*?%'!R0%2&/1.D!X&+!G-0&?%'%!T%4./!5&0%-!122%-!;%21+40/%!G2=91'5)';%'A!%+!+40F-/!

[799')';%'!)'5!9-%)51;%!G-T&-/)';%'A!&?%-!%+!%67Q1%-/!&)40!%1'%'!6%-+/B-%'5%'!H72%'/!

5%+! G-;-199%'+%1'+A! %1'%! 8-/! G'/+140%-)';! 75%-! @0'2&40/D! G'/+=-%40%'5! 61%*9:*/1;! +1'5! 51%!

,1-.)';%'! )'5! E7*;%'! +7*40%-! N%;%;')';%'d! X&+! G-0&?%'%'! .&''! %1'%'! H%'+40%'! &)+!

+%1'%-!&**/:;*140%'!@-5')';!0%-&)+-%1++%'!)'5!102!5%'!N75%'!)'/%-!5%'!EF++%'!T%;Q1%0%'D!

<'5! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! .&''! 51%+%*?%! (%-+7'! +%%*1+40! 0%?%'A! 1'5%2! %+! +1%! 21/! *)+/67**%2!

G-;B/Q%'!1'!5%'!C407++!J7//%+!Q)-F4.9F0-/D!!

!

X%-!G'/+40*)++A!$%&'!(&)*+!M72&'%!)'/%-!5%2!8+=%./!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!Q)!5%)/%'A!*%'./%!5%'!

*1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%'! N*14.! =-12:-! &)9! 51%! M72&'%! 5%-! f1/&*1%'1+40%'! C40)*%g!

\L&!%3"$H)*.(J#'.A!N.!6.*1!A!+%$)&bA!T%1*!5&+!P7'Q%=/!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!1'!5%'!%2=91'5+&2%'!

R%S/%'!&2!799%'+140/*140+/%'!1+/d!fK'!51%+%'!M72&'%'!975%-/!)'5!T:0*/!5%-!0B0%-%!R7'!%1'!

G-0B0%'! F?%-! 51%! ;%2%1'%'! W%?%'+"R1%9%'! m! 51%! ;-B++%-%! E-%10%1/! )'5! 8**;%2%1'0%1/! 5%-!

0B0%-'!C/:'5%!m!T%'1;%-!K'51615)&*1+1%-)';!m!)'?%+/122/%-%!75%-!1/&*1%'1+40%!75%-!'&/)-"!

75%-! 01+/7-1+40"15%&*%! J%;%'5%'! m! 070%! E-&)%'! m! ;-7++%! W%15%'+40&9/%'! %/4D! %/4Dg! \$(!

KkaA`anb!,1%!+140!L%5740!?&*5!Q%1;/%A!/&)40/!5&+!G-0&?%'%!)'/%-!&'5%-%'!O7-Q%140%'!&)40!1'!

5%'! K5>**%'! )'5! 12! 0)27-1+/1+40%'! M72&'! &)9D! 8**%! 5-%1! M72&'+40)*%'! T%-5%'! 5%+0&*?!

%1'%-! 8'&*>/1.! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! )'/%-Q7;%'A! +7! 5&++! 51%! *1/%-&-1+40%'! (-7;-&22%!

sG2=91'5+&2.%1/tA! sK5>**%t! )'5! s[)27-t! 5&+! 5-%1+/B4.1;%! J%5&'.%';%?:)5%! 51%+%-! 8-?%1/!

?1*5%'A! &'! 5%++%'! ,:'5%'! 51%! +)?*12%'! N1*5%-T%*/%'! 21/! 10-%'! 61%*9:*/1;%'! M%*&/17'%'A!

K2=*1.&/17'%'!)'5!N%5%)/)';+1'0&*/%'!&)9*%)40/%'D!!

X&+!Q%'/-&*%!G-.%''/'1+1'/%-%++%!-140/%/!+140!&)9!51%!6%-+401%5%'%'!E7-2%'!)'5!E)'./17'%'!

5%+!G-0&?%'%'!1'!$%&'!(&)*+!R%S/%'!+7T1%!5%-%'!,%40+%*T1-.)';%'!21/!5%'!H75%**%'!5%-!

! "!I_!"!

=01*7+7=01+40%'!q+/0%/1.A!&*+!5%-!R0%7-1%!5%-!+1''*140%'!O%-2B;%'!5%+!H%'+40%'D!X1%!8-?%1/!

)'/%-+)40/! J-%'Q=0:'72%'%! )'5! ?%T%;/! +140! 5&21/! '7/T%'1;! &)9! T1++%'+40&9/*140!

)'+140%-%2! R%--&1'D! C1%! 1'/%-%++1%-/! +140! 9F-! +/-)./)-%**%! X199%-%'Q%'! )'5! P7'+/&'/%'! 5%+!

G-0&?%'%'! )'5! 9-&;/! '&40! 5%'! O7-&)++%/Q)';%'A! 51%! ;%;%?%'! +%1'! 2F++%'A! 5&21/! 5&+!

G-0&?%'%!&*+!61+)%**%+!(0:'72%'!1'!G-+40%1')';!/-1//D^e!X&+!G-0&?%'%!+7**!5&0%-!'140/!1+7*1%-/!

?%/-&40/%/!T%-5%'A!5%''!%+!1+/!122%-!1'!%1'%'!/%S/)%**%'!C1''Q)+&22%'0&';!%1';%?%//%/A!

5%-!'140/!6%-'&40*:++1;/!T%-5%'!5&-9D!

!

Über den Begriff des Erhabenen

N%-%1/+!51%!8'/1.%!.%''/!5&+!G-0&?%'%A!6%-T%'5%/!51%+%'!N%;-199!L%5740!&)++40*1%++*140!&*+!

J%;%'+/&'5! 5%-! M0%/7-1.D! (+%)57"W7';1'A! 67'! 5%++%'! W%?%'! 2&'! 0%)/%! 9&+/! '140/+! 2%0-!

T%1++A!?%+40-%1?/!%+!1'!+%1'%-!Q%'/-&*%'!8?0&'5*)';!0.*O("P6!1!!\5/D!Q#-(E*")H.&.&bA!T%*40%!

'&40! 5%-! &-1+/7/%*1+40%'! 0#.$%9()'5! 5%-!5*!( 6#.$%3)( 5%+! [7-&Q! Q)! 5%'! ?%5%)/%'5+/%'!

5140/)';+/0%7-%/1+40%'! ,%-.%'! 5%-! 8'/1.%! Q:0*/A(&*+! 51%L%'1;%! H&40/! 75%-! P-&9/A! 51%! 51%!

[B-%-!Q);*%140!6%-QF4./!)'5!%-+40F//%-/d!

!

X&+!J-7++&-/1;%!':2*140!F?%-Q%);/!51%![B-%-!'140/A!+7'5%-'!6%-QF4./!+1%h!122%-!)'5!F?%-&**!T1-./!

L&! 5&+! G-+/&)'*140%! 21/! +%1'%-! %-+40F//%-'5%'! P-&9/! 2:40/1;%-! &*+! 5&+A! T&+! ')-! F?%--%5%/! 75%-!

;%9:**/A!0:';/!5740!51%!,1-.)';!5%+!V?%-Q%);%'5%'!2%1+/!67'!)'+!&?A!T:0-%'5!5&+!J-7++&-/1;%!

)'T15%-+/%0*140%!H&40/!)'5!J%T&*/!&)+F?/!)'5!L%;*140%'![B-%-!F?%-T:*/1;/h!&)40!+%0%'!T1-!51%!

P)'+/!5%-!G-91'5)';!)'5!51%!.*);%!@-5')';!5%+!C/799%+!'140/!&'!%1'%-!75%-!QT%1!C/%**%'A!+7'5%-'!

12! ;&'Q%'! J%T%?%! 5%-! M%5%! .&)2! %?%'! 0%-67-+40122%-'A! T:0-%'5! 5&+! G-0&?%'%A! T7! %+! &2!

-%40/%'! @-/! 0%-67-?-140/A! 5%'! ;&'Q%'! C/799! T1%! %1'! =*B/Q*140! Q)4.%'5%-! N*1/Q! Q%-/%1*/! )'5!

+40*&;&-/1;!51%!;%?&**/%!P-&9/!5%+!M%5'%-+!799%'?&-/D^IZ!!

!

W7';1'! Q)97*;%! .&''! G-0&?%'0%1/! &**%1'! 5)-40! 51%! %5*%! P-&9/! 5%+! M%5'%-+! 0%-67-;%?-&40/!

T%-5%'D! G+! 1+/! %1'! f,15%-0&**! 67'! C%%*%';-B++%g^IIA! 5&+! +/&-.%+! (&/07+! %-Q%);/! )'5! 51%!

3)0B-%-! 1'! +%1'%'! N&''! Q1%0/D! X1%! N%;&?)';! Q)2! G-0&?%'%'! 1+/! &';%?7-%'! )'5! 5)-40!

e!G1'%!1'/%-%++&'/%!8'/T7-/!&)9!51%!E-&;%!'&40!5%'!:)++%-%'!<2+/:'5%'!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!;1?/!H&-/1'!C%%*d!G1'%!

q+/0%/1.!5%-!U&/)-A!CD!^Zd!f3)-!%-0&?%'%'!G-9&0-)';!?-&)40/!%+!T%5%-!51%!,1*5'1+!'740!51%!,%1/%!5%-!(-:-1%A!

T%5%-! ,1-?%*T1'5%! '740! N%-;;%T&*/%'A! T%5%-! G1+TF+/%'! '740! /7+%'5%! H%%-%A! .%1'%! G-5?%?%'A!

O)*.&'&)+?-F40%A!E%)%-+?-F'+/%A!C40199+)';*F4.%A!.%1'%!R1;%-A!51%!(-1'Q%++1''%'!-%1++%'A!.%1'%!M%''T&;%'A!

51%!12!,&*5!Q%-+40%**%'!)'5!.%1'%!C=&Q1%-;:';%!12!,%*/-&)2A!51%!L&!&)40!+407'!T1%5%-!&)+!5%-!H75%!+1'5D!

W1%;%+/)0*!)'5!U7-5?&*.7'!;%'F;%'Dg!!

IZ!W7';1'd!O72!G-0&?%'%'D!C/)//;&-/!`ZZ`A!CD!a9D!

II!W7';1'd!O72!G-0&?%'%'A!CD!`ID!

! "!In!"!

P%''/'1+!5%-!M%;%*'!'140/!Q)!%-*&';%'D!N1+!1'+!I]D!$&0-0)'5%-/!?%;%;'%/!2&'!5%2!C)?*12%'!

*%51;*140! &*+! -0%/7-1+40%2! $.*-%&1!( $.3"&%31!A! 5%-! ?%+/122/%! +/1*1+/1+40%! v)&*1/:/%'!

?%Q%140'%/!)'5!&*+!N%;-199!9F-!5&+!<'+&;?&-%!9)';1%-/d!fU1-;%'5T7!91'5%/!2&'!1'!51%+%-!3%1/!

5%'!N%;-199!&)9!5%'!@Q%&'A!5%'!C/%-'%'0122%*A!5&+!J%?1-;%A!&)9!J%T1//%-!75%-!C/)-2A!'740!

F?%-0&)=/! &)9! &)++%-*1/%-&-1+40%! J%;%'+/:'5%! &';%T%'5%/![DDD]Dg^I`! X1%! O%-T&'5*)';! 5%+!

G-0&?%'%'! 67'! %1'%-! -0%/7-1+40%'! 1'! %1'%! :+/0%/1+40%! P&/%;7-1%! 67**Q1%0/! +140! %-+/! 12! I]D!

$&0-0)'5%-/! 21/! 5%-! 67'! U147*&+! N71*%&)! \I^_^"I]IIb! 1'! +%1'%-! 1'! 5%-! 9-&'QB+1+40%'!

U%)&)+;&?%! \I^]nb! 67'!0.*O( "P6!1!! 5%+! (+%)57"W7';1'! 67-;%'722%'%'! <'/%-+40%15)';!

QT1+40%'! f!$%2.( !1H2%-.g! )'5! f2.!!1H2%-.gD! X&'.! 51%+%-! X199%-%'Q1%-)';! .7''/%! +140! 51%!

275%-'%! X%'.91;)-! 5%-! s57==%*/%'! q+/0%/1.t! \3%**%b! &**2:0*140! %/&?*1%-%'D! N71*%&)+!

V?%-+%/Q)';!2&-.1%-/!5%+0&*?!5%'!8'9&';+=)'./!5%-!X1+.)++17'!F?%-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!1'!5%-!

H75%-'%D!!

K2!I#D!$&0-0)'5%-/!T1-5!5&+!G-0&?%'%!&)9!51%!+1''*140%'!G-9&0-)';%'!5%+!H%'+40%'!1'!5%-!

U&/)-!&';%T&'5/D!G+!;1*/!L%/Q/!&*+!51%L%'1;%!G-.%''/'1+97-2A!)'/%-!5%-%'!X%4.2&'/%*!+140!5&+!

[:++*140%A!C40-%4.*140%!)'5!NB+%!G1';&';!1'!51%!(7%/1.!6%-+40&99%'!)'5!Q)!%1'%2!=7+1/16%'!

:+/0%/1+40%'! ,%-/! &6&'41%-%'D! X1%! 5%)/+40%! P)'+//0%7-1%! 0&/! 51%! E-)40/?&-2&40)';! 5%+!

G-0&?%'%'! 5%'! ?%15%'! C40T%1Q%-! P)'+/-140/%-'! $70&''! $&47?! N752%-! \I^e#"I]#_b! )'5!

$70&''! $&47?! N-%1/1';%-! \I]ZI"I]]^b! Q)! 6%-5&'.%'D! X1%! ?%15%'! E-F0&)9.*:-%-! T%1+%'! 5%2!

G-0&?%'%'! 1'! 5%-! P)'+/! &?! 5%2! G'5%! 5%-! I]`Z%-! $&0-%! %1'%! =-7;-&22&/1+40%! M7**%! Q)D!

N%-%1/+! 10-%! %-+/%! )29&++%'5%! R0%7-1%+40-19/! Q#&( :.-( E%&=21!!( 1&:( D.H*)13".( :.*(

E%&H%2:1&'!R,*)==$! \I]`]b! ?%Q%);/! %1'%! 1'/%'+16%! 8)+%1'&'5%-+%/Q)';! 21/! (+%)57"W7';1')+!

R-&./&/!0.*O( "P6!1!D! K'! 5%'! W%0-+:/Q%'! 5%-!S*%$%!3".&( K*%.=.! \I]n^b! )'/%-+40%15%/! N752%-!

+>+/%2&/1+40!QT1+40%'!5%2!C40B'%'!)'5!5%2!G-0&?%'%'D!G-0&?%'!;1*/!N752%-A!fT&+!&)40!

51%! ;-B++/%'! J%1+/%-! 1'! G-+/&)'%'! 01'-%1++%/A! 75%-! 21/! C40-%4.%'! &'9F**%/g^I_D! ,:0-%'5! 5&+!

C40B'%!5%'!N%/-&40/%-!*%51;*140!Q)!%-9-%)%'!6%-2&;A!-F0-/!5&+!G-0&?%'%!5&+!;7++%![%-Q!21/!

%1'%-! 6%-21+40/%'! G2=91'5)';! m! %1'%2! ,15%-+=1%*! 67'! C40-%4.%'! )'5! G'/QF4.%'D! K'! 5%'!

J."*!.$B.&(M#&(:.-(A.!.&(:.*(.*")H.&.&(43"*.%H)*$!6%-T&'5%*/!+140!51%!8)9;&?%!5%-!(7%+1%!

67'!5%-!27-&*1+40"%-Q1%0%-1+40%'!P)'+/9)'./17'!1'!%1'%!=&/0%/1+40"-%*1;1B+%!,1-.)';+97-2D!

K0-%!8)9;&?%!+%1!%+!'140/!fQ)!)'/%--140/%'!75%-!Q)!%-;%/Q%'A!+7'5%-'![DDD]!5%'!H%'+40%'!1'!

I`! Y0-1+/1&'! N%;%2&''d! G-0&?%'%! U&/)-D! K'd! X%)/+40%! O1%-/%*+L&0-%++40-19/! 9F-! W1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/! )'5!

J%1+/%+;%+40140/%!Ie#nA!CD!]n"IIZA!01%-!CD!]n9D!

I_!$70&''!$&47?!N752%-d!Y-1/1+40%!N-1%9%D!X%-!61%-/%!N-1%9!\O72!G-0&?%'%'!1'!5%-!C=-&40%bA!CD!IZ_"IZ#A!01%-!CD!

IZnD!

! "!Ia!"!

N%+/F-Q)';A! 1'! C40-%4.%'A! 1'! H1/*%15%'! Q)! +%/Q%'Dg^In! X1%! M%&./17'! 5%+! C)?L%./+! &)9! 51%!

N%/-&40/)';! 5%+! J-7++%'! 1'! 5%-! U&/)-! ?%+40-%1?/! N752%-! &*+! f%-0&?%'%+! G-;%/Q%'g^IaD! X&+!

G-0&?%'%!.&''!&*+7!51%!E&++)';+.-&9/!5%-!C1''%!F?%-+/%1;%'!)'5!Q)!%1'%-!N%5-70)';!9F-!51%!

G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/!T%-5%'d!!

!

X)-40!5&+![%9/1;%!6%-+/%0!140!%1'%!L%5%!)';%+/F2%!)'5!;%T&*//0:/1;%!N%T%;)';A!T%*40%!5)-40!

5%'!3)+&22%'+/7++!5%-!X1';%A!1'!5%2!2&/%-1&*1+40%'!M%140%!%'/+/%0/A!1'+?%+7'5%-%!10-%'!8'9&**!

&)9!5%'!H%'+40%'A!5%-!+140!1'!10-%2!N%Q1-4.%!75%-!,F-?%*!?%91'5%/A!T75)-40!1'!)'+%-%2!3)+/&'5!

61%*%-*%>! O%-:'5%-)';%'! %-97*;%'A! T%*40%! ;%T&*/1;%! )'5! T15-1;%! G1'5-F4.%! 2&40%'A! )'5! 5&+!

J%2F/0%!%/T&''!;:'Q*140!5&'1%5%-+40*&;%'D^{I^}!!

!

K'! 5%-! 5%)/+40%'! W1/%-&/)-! T1-5! 5&+! 51&*%./1+40%! H72%'/! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'A! &*+7! 51%!

<2T%-/)';!5%+!C4074.1%-%'5%'!1'!%1'%'!=7+1/16%'!,%-/A!Q)%-+/!67'!5%'!X140/%-'!N&-/07*5!

[%1'-140! N-74.%+! \I^#Z"I]n]b! )'5! 8*?-%40/! 67'! [&**%-! \I]Z#"I]]]b! 67**Q7;%'D! N%+7'5%-%!

N%5%)/)';! 9F-! 51%! (-791*1%-)';! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! 1'! 5%-! W1/%-&/)-! )'5! 5%-! 5&21/!

Q)+&22%'0:';%'5%!,%40+%*!5%-!T15%-+=-F40*140%'!G2=91'5)';%'!67'!N%T)'5%-)';!)'5!

C40-%4.%'!.722/!5%-!%';*1+40%'!(0>+1.7/0%7*7;1%!Q)A!T%*40%!5%'!-&/17'&*1+/1+40%'!N%T%1+!

9F-! 51%! GS1+/%'Q! J7//%+! 1'! 5%'! ,)'5%-'! +%1'%-! C40B=9)';! Q)! %-?*14.%'! +)40/D^I]! X%'!

%'/+40%15%'5%'!C40-1//!Q)-!G/&?*1%-)';!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!12!P)'+/51+.)-+!5%+!I#D!$&0-0)'5%-/+!

67**Q1%0/!&**%-51';+!G52)'5!N)-.%+!C40-19/!5(0"%2#!#6"%3)2(E&T1%*P(%&$#($".(U*%'%&(#=(#1*(C:.)!(

#=($".(41H2%-.()&:($".(K.)1$%=12!\I]a]bD!N)-.%!\I]`e"I]e]b!;%0/!'140/!2%0-!67'!R%S/%'!&)+A!

&'0&'5! 5%-%-! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &*+! +/1*1+/1+40%-! G99%./! &'&*>+1%-/! T1-5A! +7'5%-'! ?&)/! +%1'%!

R0%7-1%! F?%-! 5&+! C40B'%! )'5! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &)9! =+>407*7;1+40%'! N%7?&40/)';%'! &)9D!

C40B'0%1/!)'5!G-0&?%'0%1/!T%-5%'!01%-!;&'Q!F?%-!10-%!:+/0%/1+40%!,1-..-&9/!5%91'1%-/D!X%-!

G';*:'5%-!?%+40-%1?/!5&+!C40B'%!)'5!5&+!G-0&?%'%!&)9;-)'5!5%-!L%T%1*1;%'!+%'+)&*1+/1+40%'!

H%-.2&*%h! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! ?&+1%-/! &)9! 5%2! fC%*?+/%-0&*/)';+/-1%?gA! 5&+! C40B'%! &)9! 5%2!

fJ%+%**+40&9/+/-1%?g!5%+!H%'+40%'D!V?%-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!+40-%1?/!N)-.%d!!

!

In! $70&''! $&47?! N752%-d! Y-1/1+40%! N-1%9%D! X%-! 5-1//%! N-1%9! \W%0-+%/Q%! 67'! 5%2! ,%+%'! 5%-! %-0&?%'%'!

C40-%1?&-/bA!CD!e#D!

Ia!$70&''!$&47?!N752%-d!Y-1/1+40%!N%/-&40/)';%'!F?%-!51%!=7%/1+40%'!J%2:*5%!5%-!X140/%-!\I]nIbA!CD!`InD!

I^!$70&''!$&47?!N752%-d!Y-1/1+40%!N%/-&40/)';%'!F?%-!51%!=7%/1+40%'!J%2:*5%!5%-!X140/%-!\I]nIbA!CD!IanD!

I]!O;*D!5&Q)!Y&-+/%'!3%**%d!8';%'%02%+!J-&)%'A!CD!`Iad!fX1%!W%1+/)';!5%-!=0>+1.7/0%7*7;1+40%'!N%T%;)';!&2!

G'5%! 5%+! I]D! )'5! Q)! N%;1''! 5%+! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/+! ?%+/%0/! 1'! 5%-! U%)/-&*1+1%-)';! )'5! 8?T%0-! 5%+!

'&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140! 1'+=1-1%-/%'! 8/0%1+2)+d! X1%! (0>+1.7/0%7*7;1%! T&-! 5%-! C40T&22A! 5%-! 5%'!

%/>27*7;1+1%-%'5%'!K2=)*+!5%+!+Q1%'/191+40%'!E7-/+40-1//+!&)9+&);%'!+7**/%Dg!3%**%+!X1++%-/&/17'!&)+!5%2!$&0-!

Ie#]!+%/Q/!+140!21/!5%2!G-0&?%'%'!1'!5%'!*1/%-&-1+40%'!R%S/%'!5%+!I#D!$&0-0)'5%-/+!67-?1*5*140!)'5!'740!

122%-!2&++;%?*140!&)+%1'&'5%-D!

! "!I^!"!

8**%+A! T&+! &)9! 1-;%'5%1'%! ,%1+%! ;%%1;'%/! 1+/A! 51%! K5%%! 67'! C402%-Q! )'5! J%9&0-! Q)! %--%;%'A! 5&+!

0%1++/!&**%+A!T&+!1-;%'5T1%!+40-%4.*140!1+/!75%-!21/!+40-%4.*140%'!@?L%./%'!1'!N%Q1%0)';!+/%0/!75%-!

1'!%1'%-!5%2!C40-%4.%'!:0'*140%'!,%1+%!T1-./A!1+/!%1'%!v)%**%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'A!5&+!0%1++/A!%+!1+/!

5&+L%'1;%A!T&+!51%!+/:-.+/%!N%T%;)';!0%-67-?-1';/A!51%!Q)!9F0*%'!5&+!J%2F/!9:01;!1+/D^I#!!

!

X&+! G-0&?%'%! Q1%*/! &)9! 5%'! C%*?+/%-0&*/)';+/-1%?! 5%+! H%'+40%'! )'5! .&''! 51%! -&/17'&*%'!

N%T)++/+%1'++/-B2%! 12! J%01-'! 67-F?%-;%0%'5! &)++%-! P-&9/! +%/Q%'d! fX&0%-! .722/! 51%!

;-7++%! H&40/! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'d! 5&++! %+! ':2*140A! T%1/! 5&67'! %'/9%-'/A! 67'! )'+%-%2!

M:+7''%2%'/! 0%-67-;%-)9%'! Q)! +%1'A! 51%+%2! 61%*2%0-! Q)67-.722/! )'5! )'+! 21/!

)'T15%-+/%0*140%-! P-&9/! 97-/-%1++/Dg^Ie! X1%! =+>407+72&/1+40%'! 3)+&22%'0:';%! 5%+!

2%'+40*140%'! @-;&'1+2)+! ?%+/:/1;%'5A! +/%**/! N)-.%! 9%+/A! f5&++! 51%! 51%! C%*?+/%-0&*/)';!

?%5-70%'5%'! G2=91'5)';%'! 5%+! C40-%4.%'+! )'5! C402%-Q%+! H)+.%*+=&'')';! )'5! m .7'/-&./17'! )'5! %1'%! %'/+=-%40%'5%A! 0%9/1;%! G--%;)';! 5%-! U%-6%'! 6%-)-+&40%'Dg^`Z! X&-&)+!

+40*1%++/!%-!T1%5%-)2A!f5&++!&**%+A!T&+!%1'%!+7*40%!C=&'')';!Q)!%-Q%);%'!/&);*140!1+/A!&)40!

%1'%!5%2!C40-%4.%'!:0'*140%!W%15%'+40&9/!0%-67-?-1';%'!2)++h!1'97*;%5%++%'!2)++!%+!&)40!

%1'%!v)%**%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!+%1'A!+%*?+/!T%''!.%1'%!K5%%!67'!J%9&0-!21/!102!6%-.'F=9/!+%1'!

+7**/%Dg^`I! N)-.%! Q1%0/! %1'%! +40&-9%! J-%'Q%! QT1+40%'! 5%'! G2=91'5)';%'! 5%+! C40B'%'! )'5!

5%'L%'1;%'! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'A! )'5! %-! 9&++/! ?%15%! N%;-199%! &*+! '140/! 6%-21//%*?&-%! J%;%'+:/Q%!

&)9D! X&+! C40B'%! ?%1'0&*/%/! %1'%! f+7Q1&*%! v)&*1/:/gh! %+! +/12)*1%-/! 51%! G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/A!

6%-21//%*/! 0&-27'1+40%! (-7=7-/17'%'! )'5! %1'%! .*&-%! @-5')';A! 51%! &)9! E-%)5%! )'5!

V?%-+140/*140.%1/!&?Q1%*/D!X%2;%;%'F?%-!*B+/!5&+!G-0&?%'%!;%21+40/%!G2=91'5)';%'!&)+h!%+!

T1-./! %1'%-+%1/+! ?%5-70*140! )'5! .&''! &)9;-)'5! +%1'%-! )'%'5*140%'! J-B++%! 9F-! 51%!

G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/! ;%9:0-*140! T%-5%'D! 8'5%-%-+%1/+! 0%?/! )'+! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &?%-! F?%-! )'+!

+%*?+/! 01'T%;A! T&+! Q)! 5%-! />=1+40! =&-&57S%'! H1+40)';! 5%+! C)?*12%'! 9F0-/D! X&+!

%'/0)+1&+/1+40%! E-%)5%;%9F0*! +/%**/! +140! ?%12! N%/-&40/%-! &?%-! %-+/! %1'A! T%''! 51%! J%9&0-!

67-F?%-! 1+/D! C%1/! N)-.%+! <'/%-+)40)';! ;%0B-/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! '%?%'! 5%2! C40B'%'! Q)-!

T140/1;+/%'! :+/0%/1+40%'! P&/%;7-1%D! X1%! q+/0%/1.! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! T1-5! ;*%140+&2! Q)! %1'%2!

3%'/-)2!5%-!H75%-'%D!!

8'5%-+!&*+!N)-.%!6%-'&40*:++1;/!K22&')%*!P&'/!\I]`n"I#Znb!1'!5%-(5&)2P$%9(:.!(E*")H.&.&(

51%! M7**%! 5%+! C1''%+&==&-&/%+! )'5! 5&21/! 5%+! PB-=%-+D! G-! 6%-+/%0/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! &*+! %1'!

I#! G52)'5! N)-.%d! (01*7+7=01+40%! <'/%-+)40)';%'! F?%-! 5%'! <-+=-)';! )'+%-%-! K5%%'! 672! G-0&?%'%'! )'5!

C40B'%'D![;D!6D!,%-'%-!C/-)?%D![&2?)-;!Ie#eA!CD!]`D!

Ie!G52)'5!N)-.%d!O72!G-0&?%'%'!)'5!C40B'%'?(CD!eID!

`Z!Y&-+/%'!3%**%d!8';%'%02%+!J-&)%'A!CD!Ie`D!

`I!G52)'5!N)-.%d!O72!G-0&?%'%'!)'5!C40B'%'A!CD!I]_9D!

! "!I]!"!

/-&'+Q%'5%'/&*=01*7+7=01+40"15%&*1+/1+40%+! P7'Q%=/A! 5&+! '140/! 2%0-! &)9! 51%! ?1*5*140%!

X&-+/%**)';! &?Q1%*/D! 8)9;-)'5! +%1'%-! )'9&++*140%'! J-B++%! )'/%-*1%;/! 5%-! H%'+40! ':2*140!

\P&'/! Q)97*;%b! ?%1! 5%2! O%-+)40A! +140! %1'! .7'.-%/%+! N1*5! 672! G-0&?%'%'! Q)! 2&40%'h! 51%!

P&=&Q1/:/! )'+%-%-! ,&0-'%02)';! -%140%! '140/! &)+A! )2! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! 5%-! U&/)-! 1'! +%1'%-!

F?%-2:40/1;%'! X12%'+17'! \<'%'5*140.%1/b! Q)! %-9&++%'D! H1/! +%1'%-! 5%'! O%-+/&'5!

F?%-97-5%-'5%'! J%+/&*/! .B''%! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! 5%+0&*?! f'1%2&*+! &'5%-+! &*+! ?*7++! '%;&/16%!

X&-+/%**)';! +%1'g! \P<! `ZIbD! [1%-! +/%0/! 5%-! N%;-199! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! 1'! %1'%-! 5%)/*140%'!

C=&'')';!Q)2!N%;-199!5%+!N1*5%+A!5%''!5&+!G-0&?%'%!Q%1;/!+140!&*+!%1'%!51%!O7-+/%**)';+"!)'5!

X&-+/%**)';+.-&9/! 5%+! H%'+40%'! F?%-+/%1;%'5%! C:..D! G+! 2&-.1%-/! 51%! J-%'Q%! QT1+40%'!

X&-+/%**)';!)'5!<'5&-+/%**?&-%2A!51%!'140/!2%0-!&*+!N1*5!&)+97-2)*1%-/!T%-5%'!.&''D^``!X&+!

G-0&?%'%! %-+40%1'/! &?! 51%+%2! H72%'/! 5%-! :+/0%/1+40%'! X1+.)++17'! '140/! *:';%-! &*+! %1'%!

G1;%'+40&9/!%1'%-!C&40%!+%*?+/A!+7'5%-'!%'/+/%0/!&)9;-)'5!%1'%+!-%9*%S16%'!<-/%1*+!1''%-0&*?!

5%+! C)?L%./+! ?%1! 5%-! N%/-&40/)';! %-0&?%'%-! J%;%'+/:'5%D! P&'/A! 5%-! 21/! +%1'%'!

.)'+//0%7-%/1+40%'! V?%-*%;)';%'! 51%! +)?L%./1'/%-'%! ,%'5%! %1';%*%1/%/! )'5! 2&++;%?*140!

67-&';%/-1%?%'!0&/A!?%+40-%1?/!51%+%!+%2&'/1+40%!O%-+401%?)';!1'!5%-!,*%$%9(:.*(L*$.%2!9*)=$!

\I]eZb!T1%!97*;/d!!

!

H&'!+1%0/!01%-&)+!&)40A!5&++!51%!T&0-%!G-0&?%'0%1/!')-!12!J%2F/%!5%+!<-/%1*%'5%'A!'140/!1'!5%2!

U&/)-7?L%./%A!5%++%'!N%)-/%1*)';!51%+%!C/122)';!5%++%*?%'!6%-&'*&++/A!2F++%!;%+)40/!T%-5%'D!

,%-! T7**/%! &)40! )';%+/&*/%/%! J%?1-;+2&++%'A! 1'! T1*5%-! <'7-5')';! F?%-! %1'&'5%-! ;%/F-2/A! 21/!

10-%'!G1+=>-&215%'A!75%-!51%!5F+/%-%!/7?%'5%!C%%A!)+TD!%-0&?%'!'%''%'i!8?%-!5&+!J%2F/!9F0*/!

+140!1'!+%1'%-!%1;%'%'!N%)-/%1*)';!;%07?%'A!T%''A!1'5%2!%+!+140!1'!5%-!N%/-&40/)';!5%-+%*?%'A!

70'%! MF4.+140/! &)9! 10-%! E7-2A! 5%-! G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/A! )'5! %1'%-A! 7?+407'! ;&'Q! 70'%! ?%+/122/%'!

3T%4.! 5&21/! 1'! O%-?1'5)';! ;%+%/Q/%'A! L%'%! ?*7++! %-T%1/%-'5%'! O%-')'9/A! F?%-*:++/A! 51%! ;&'Q%!

H&40/!5%-!G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/!5%''740!10-%'!K5%%'!)'&';%2%++%'!91'5%/D!\P<!I]eb!

!

8';%+140/+!5%-!=0>+1+40%'!V?%-2&40/!5%-!U&/)-!%-9:0-/!5&+!C)?L%./!f51%!%1;%'%!G-0&?%'0%1/!

+%1'%-! N%+/122)';Dg! X%-! N%/-&40/%-! T%'5%/! +140! +%1'%'! 1'/%**1;1?*%'! E:01;.%1/%'! Q)! )'5!

%-.%''/! 51%! V?%-*%;%'0%1/! 5%-! O%-')'9/?%+/122)';! F?%-! 51%! U&/)-D! G-! %-0%?/! +140! 1'! 51%!

C=0:-%!5%-!-%1'%'!3T%4.%A!T7!102!51%!+40%1'?&-%!8**2&40/!5%-!U&/)-!'140/+!&'0&?%'!.&''D!

X1%+%-! C=-)';! 1'! 51%! 27-&*1+40%'! [B0%'! 5%-! O%-')'9/! T)-5%! 67'! Y0-1+/1&'! N%;%2&''!

``!O;*D!5&Q)!Y0-1+/1'%!(-1%+d!X&+!G-0&?%'%D!3T1+40%'!J-%'Q%-9&0-)';!)'5!J-B++%'T&0'D!,%1'0%12!Ie#eA!CD!I`d!

fX&+!G-0&?%'%!*1%;/!;*%140Q%1/1;!1''%-0&*?!)'5!&)++%-0&*?!5%-!G'5*140.%1/!5%+!.-1/1+40%'!wC>+/%2+lD!G+!1+/!5%-!

V?%-;&';!67'!5%-!P-1/1.!Q)-!H%/&=0>+1.D!X&+!G-0&?%'%!?*%1?/!)'%'/+401%5%'A!1'!5%-!C40T%?%A!%+!+40T&'./D!

X1%+%+!C40T&'.%'!?%51';/!51%!;-)'5*%;%'5%!82?16&*%'Q!5%+!G-0&?%'%'Dg!

! "!I#!"!

/-%99%'5!&*+!fC:.)*&-1+1%-)';!%1'%-!-%*1;1B+%'!X%'.?%T%;)';g^`_!?%Q%140'%/D!EF-!P&'/!1+/!5&+!

G-0&?%'%! 5&0%-! %1'! :+/0%/1+40%-! J-%'Q?%;-199A! 5%-! 5%'! H%'+40%'! %1'%'! ,%;! 67'! 5%-!

+1''*140%'!G-+40%1')';+T%*/!1'!5&+!M%140!5%-!-%1'%'!K5%%'!\H7-&*A!E-%10%1/b!T%1+/A!&?%-!&)9!

%1'%! ?1*5*140%! X&-+/%**)';! 6%-Q140/%'! 2)++D! EF-! 51%! 97*;%'5%! 8)+%1'&'5%-+%/Q)';! 21/! 5%2!

G-0&?%'%'!1+/!P&'/!5%-!M%9%-%'Q=)'./D!!

!

X&+! G-0&?%'%! 1+/! %1'%! -:/+%*0&9/%! G-+40%1')';+97-2h! %+! .&''! =*B/Q*140! F?%-! 51%! H%'+40%'!

0%-%1'?-%40%'A! 1'! )'%-T&-/%/%'! H72%'/%'! &)9/&)40%'! )'5! 5&''! &)9! %1'2&*! T1%5%-!

6%-+40T1'5%'D!3);*%140!&?%-!%S1+/1%-/!5&+!G-0&?%'%!')-!1'!5%'!N1*5%-'A!51%!T1-!)'+!672!102!

Q)!2&40%'!6%-2B;%'D!J%2%1'/!+1'5!;%1+/1;%!N1*5%-A!-%*1;1B+%!O7-+/%**)';%'A!(0:'72%'%!5%+!

V?%-;&';+! )'5! C1''%+/:)+40)';%'D! @5%-! &?%-! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! %-+40%1'/! &*+! 6%-T1--%'5%-!

8)+'&02%Q)+/&'5A! 1'! 5%2! +140! (01*7+7=01%! )'5! (7%+1%A! G'5*140.%1/! )'5! <'%'5*140.%1/! &*+!

%S1+/%'/1%**%! J%;%'+:/Q*140.%1/%'! 5%+! 2%'+40*140%'! X&+%1'+! 5)-40.-%)Q%'D! ,%1*! 5&+!

G-0&?%'%!&*+!%1'!:+/0%/1+40%+!J-%'Q=0:'72%'!67'!5%'!C1''%'!')-!)'+40&-9!T&0-;%'722%'!

T%-5%'!.&''A!9F0-/!%+!Q)!%1'%-!V?%-97-5%-)';!5%-!G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/!)'5!;%0/!1'!61%*%'!E:**%'!

21/! E-%250%1/+%-9&0-)';%'A! O%-+/B-)';! )'5! O%-T1--)';! %1'0%-D^`n! J*%140Q%1/1;! +/%0/! 5&+!

G-0&?%'%!&)40!9F-!51%!x99')';!&)9!5&+!8?+7*)/%!01'A!75%-!%+!2&-.1%-/!51%!;-7++%!W)+/!5%+!

K2&;1'&/16%'!)'5!6%-.F'5%/!5%'!R-1)2=0!5%+!K'51615))2+!F?%-!51%!?%;-%'Q/%!U&/)-D!!

X1%! ,1%5%-%'/5%4.)';! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! 1'! 5%-! =01*7+7=01+40%'! q+/0%/1.! )'5! 12!

*1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/*140%'! N%/-1%?! %-97*;/%! 1'! 5%'! #Z%-! $&0-%'! 5%+! `ZD! $&0-0)'5%-/+! 12!

8'+40*)++! &'! $%&'"E-&'y71+! W>7/&-5+! .-1/1+40%! 8)+%1'&'5%-+%/Q)';! 21/! P&'/+!5&)2P$%9( :.!(

E*")H.&.&()'5!+%1'%2!X1./)2A!5&++!51%!E-&;%!'&40!5%2!G-0&?%'%'!9F-!10'!51%!%1'Q1;%!+%1A!

f51%!12!.722%'5%'!$&0-0)'5%-/!5%'!G1'+&/Q!67'!W%?%'!)'5!X%'.%'!*70'/Dg^`a!N%-%1/+!QT%1!

$&0-%!+=:/%-!'7/1%-/!$%&'"W)4!U&'4>!21/!N*14.!&)9!51%!/0%7-%/1+40%!X1+.)++17'!1'!E-&'.-%140d!

fW%!+)?*12%!%+/!z!*&!275%Dg^{`^}!X%-!5%)/+40+=-&401;%!X1+.)-+!F?%-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!T)-5%!67'!

N%;%2&''+! )29&';-%140%-! 8-?%1/!V1*3"$( 1&:( 5&'!$( %-( 0*#B.!!( :.*( 51=92G*1&'! \Ie#]b! )'5!

67'! Y&-+/%'! 3%**%+! T%;T%1+%'5%-! W1/%-&/)-+/)51%! 9F-! 5&+! I#D! $&0-0)'5%-/! 5&'.&."-.!(

D*)1.&(\Ie#]b!F?%-!51%!q+/0%/1.!5%+!C40-%4.*140%'!*&'41%-/!)'5!%--%140/%!+%1'%'![B0%=)'./!

`_!Y0-1+/&'!N%;%2&''d!E)-40/!)'5!8';+/!12!(-7Q%++!5%-!8)9.*:-)';A!CD!IneD!

`n! C7*40%! ,&0-'%02)';++/B-)';%'! +1'5! 122%-! &)40! %1'%! [%-&)+97-5%-)';! 9F-! 51%! *1/%-&-1+40%! X&-+/%**)';D!

X1%+%! :+/0%/1+40%! (-7?*%2&/1.! \C/-&/%;1%'! 5%-! J-%'Q5&-+/%**)';b! +7**! 1'! 5%-! 67-*1%;%'5%'! 8-?%1/! %?%'9&**+!

/0%2&/1+1%-/!T%-5%'D!!

`a! $%&'"E-&'y71+! W>7/&-5d! O7-+/%**)';A! X&-+/%**)';A! <'5&-+/%**?&-.%1/D! K'd! X%-+Dd! K22&/%-1&*1/:/! )'5!

(7+/275%-'%D!N%-*1'!Ie#aA!CD!eI"IZ`A!01%-!CD!IZZD!

`^!$%&'"W)4!U&'4>d!Wl799-&'5%!+)?*12%A!CD!]^D!

! "!Ie!"!

21/!5%2!67'!Y0-1+/1'%!(-1%+!0%-&)+;%;%?%'%'!C&22%*?&'5!I)!(E*")H.&.W(D*.&B.*=)"*1&'(

1&:( D*>!!.&<)"&! \Ie#ebD! C%1/5%2! 0&?%'! +140! 51%! 8-?%1/%'! Q)! 51%+%2! R0%2%'?%-%140!

1''%-0&*?! 5%-! ;%-2&'1+/1+40%'! W1/%-&/)-T1++%'+40&9/! -&+&'/! 6%-2%0-/A! +7! 5&++! J%+40140/%!

)'5! R0%7-1%! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'! 67-! &**%2! 12! 3)+&22%'0&';! 21/! E-1%5-140! C401**%-^`]! )'5!

[%1'-140!67'!P*%1+/A!&?%-!&)40!?%1!85&*?%-/!C/19/%-^{`#</sup>!21//*%-T%1*%!+%0-!;)/!%-97-+40/!+1'5D<sup>`e}!

!

Bild-Transformationen

$%&'!(&)*+!R0%7-1%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!+/%0/!12!3%140%'!5%-!.-1/1+40%'!8)+%1'&'5%-+%/Q)';!21/!

P&'/! )'5! C401**%-D! C1%! .'F=9/! &'! 51%! E-&;%! &'A! T7-1'! 51%! f15%&*%! G-0&?%'0%1/g! \$(! KkaAIZab!

?%+/%0/D! X1%! 0%-.B22*140%! 8'/T7-/! 5&-&)9! *&)/%/d! f1'! %1'%2! <'%'5*140%'A! 5&+! C1''%! )'5!

(0&'/&+1%!Q)!;%?%'!)'5!Q)!9&++%'!6%-Q&;%'A!1'5%+!51%!O%-')'9/!%+!%-+40&99/!)'5!9%+/0:*/Dg!

\%?5Db! U)-! 21/! 5%-! O%-')'9/! .B''%! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! ?%;-199%'! T%-5%'h! 51%! C1''%! )'5! 51%!

G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/! 01';%;%'! +40%1/%-/%'! ?%1! 5%2! O%-+)40A! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! Q)! 9&++%'D!

X%2;%;%'F?%-!+40*1%++/!$%&'!(&)*!51%+%!?%15%'!\)'/%-%'b!G-.%''/'1+6%-2B;%'!'140/!*:';%-!

&)+A! +7'5%-'! ?%/7'/! ;%-&5%! 5%-%'! T140/1;%! R:/1;.%1/! 9F-! 5&+! 3)+/&'5%.722%'! %-0&?%'%-!

G2=91'5)';%'D! G-! ?%+/%0/! &)9! 5%-! 8''&02%! 5%+! 3)+&22%'T1-.%'+! 67'! C1''*140.%1/! )'5!

O%-')'9/A!fT%1*!+1%!o51%!C1''%p!5&+!)2+=&''%'A!<#*%&!L%'%+!G-0&?%'%!%-+/!T70'/g!\%?5DbD^_Z! ,1%![%-5%-!;%0/!$%&'!(&)*!&*+7!67'!%1'%2!+%'+)&*1+/1+40%'!G-0&?%'0%1/+6%-+/:'5'1+!&)+h!5&+!

G-0&?%'%!T1-5!F?%-!51%!C1''%!%-9&++/!)'5!67'!5%-!2%51&*%'!G1'?1*5)';+.-&9/!?%&-?%1/%/A!+7!

5&++! 5%-! N1*5?%;-199! 5%2! X140/%-! 67-%-+/! .%1'%! (-7?*%2%! ?%-%1/%/D! X1%! X1)2%$G$! 5%+!

G-0&?%'%'! 0&9/%/! '140/! &'! 5%'! :)++%-%'! G-+40%1')';%'A! +7'5%-'! T1-5! 10'%'! 5)-40! 5%'!

C40&)%-A!5%'!+1%!0%-67--)9%'A!672!?%/-&40/%'5%'!C)?L%./!'&40/-:;*140!Q)%-.&''/d!f8?%-!5%-!

`]!3)!C401**%-+!R0%7-1%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!+1'5!1'!5%'!*%/Q/%'!$&0-%'!;*%140!2%0-%-%!H7'7;-&91%'!0%-&)+;%.722%'D!

3)*%/Q/!(&)*!N%-7'%d!C401**%-!)'5!51%!R-&51/17'!5%+!G-0&?%'%'D!N%-*1'!`ZZnD!

`#!3)!C/19/%-!)'5!P*%1+/!6;*D!H7'1.&!G0*%-+d!J-%'QT&0-'%02)';%'D!(7%/1.%'!5%+!V?%-;&';+!1'!5%-!W1/%-&/)-!5%+!

IeD!$&0-0)'5%-/+D!N1%*%9%*5!`ZZ]D!

`e!G1'%'!&./)%**%'!)'5!)29&++%'5%'!V?%-?*14.!Q)2!E7-+40)';++/&'5!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!*1%9%-/!R7-+/%'![7992&''d!

P7'91;)-&/17'%'! 5%+! G-0&?%'%'D! 3)-! (-75)./161/:/! %1'%-! :+/0%/1+40%'! P&/%;7-1%! 1'! 5%-! W1/%-&/)-! 5%+!

&)+;%0%'5%'!`ZD!$&0-0)'5%-/+D!N%-*1'!`ZZ^A!CD!I`"I#D!

_Z! P&'/! 01';%;%'! +40-%1?/d! f5&+! %1;%'/*140! G-0&?%'%! .&''! 1'! .%1'%-! +1''*140%'! E7-2! %'/0&*/%'! +%1'A! +7'5%-'!

/-199/!')-!K5%%'!5%-!O%-')'9/d!T%*40%A!7?;*%140!.%1'%!10'%'!&';%2%++%'%!X&-+/%**)';!2B;*140!1+/A!%?%'!5)-40!

51%+%! <'&';%2%++%'0%1/A! T%*40%! +140! +1''*140! 5&-+/%**%'! *:++/A! -%;%! ;%2&40/! )'5! 1'+! J%2F/! ;%-)9%'!

T%-5%'Dg! \P<! I^^b! [%-5%-! .722%'/1%-/! )'5! .-1/1+1%-/! 51%+%! (&++&;%! 1'! 5%-!,)22%'#&.! \I#ZZb(T1%! 97*;/d!

fE&$")2$.&! .&''! 5&+! G-0&?'%! %?%'! +7! T%'1;! 1'! %1'%-! E7-2! +%1'A! &*+! 5&+! C40B'%h! ?%15%! T%-5%'!)&(

J%;%'+/:'5%'!.-6=1&:.&D!R-199/!5&+!G-0&?'%!?*7++!K5%%'!5%-!O%-')'9/A!+7!.&''!%+!\'&40!5%'!J-)'5+:/Q%'!

5%-! P-1/1.! +%*?+/b! .%1'! J%9F0*! -%;%'D! <'5A! T%''! +140! K5%%'! 5%-! O%-')'9/! \'&40! %?%'! 51%+%-! P-1/1.b! '140/!

5&-+/%**%'!*&++%'A!T1%!*:++/!+140!10-%!L&)&'.-.!!.&".%$(:)*!$.22.&i!75%-!5&-+/%**%'A!5&++!K5%%'!5%-!O%-')'9/!

5&5)-40!1'+!J%2F/!;%-)9%'!T%-5%'i!g!\P8!#]a9Db!

! "!`Z!"!

?*&)%! [122%*! T70'/! %?%'! %1;%'/*140! 1'! 5%2! 0122%*?*&)%'! 8);%A! 5&+! 01'&)9?*14./Dg! \$(!

Kk^Ae^_b! C/%/+! ?-&)40/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! %1'%'! :)++%-%'! 8'*&++A! %1'! +1''*140%+! 3%140%'A! )2! 1'!

G-+40%1')';!Q)!/-%/%'A!)'5!;*%140Q%1/1;!%S1+/1%-/!%+!')-!&*+!12&;1'1%-/%!O7-+/%**)';D!G+!*1%;/!

&*+7! '140/! +407'! &*+! 7?L%./16%! G1;%'+40&9/! 75%-! &*+! =0>+1.&*1+40%! N%+40&99%'0%1/! 12!

U&/)-;%;%'+/&'5A! +7'5%-'! %-+/! 51%! (0&'/&+1%! 2&40/! 5%'! U&/)-;%;%'+/&'5! Q)! %1'%2!

%-0&?%'%'A!T%1*!!%.!10'!1'!51%!X12%'+17'!5%+!<'%'5*140%'!%-0%?/D^_I!K'!51%+%-!8-?%1/!+7**%'!

51%! N%51';)';%'! )'5! O7-&)++%/Q)';%'! )'/%-+)40/! T%-5%'A! f)'/%-! T%*40%'! %1'! +1''*140%-!

J%;%'+/&'5!Q)2!;%1+/1;%'!3%140%'!T1-5!67-Q);+T%1+%!67-!%1'%2!&'5%-'D!\$(!KkaAIZ]b!!

!

$%&'! (&)*+! K'/%-%++%! &'! N1*5%-'! Q1%*/! '140/! =-12:-! &)9! 51%! C140/?&-.%1/! 5%-! G-+40%1')';A!

+7'5%-'! &)9! 5&+! <'+140/?&-%A! ':2*140! &)9! 51%! 1''%-%'! O7-+/%**)';+?1*5%-h! 51%+%! +7**%'! 5&+!

G1;%'/*140%! Q)2! 8)+5-)4.! ?-1';%'D! ,&+! 9F-! 5%'! P*%1'%'! (-1'Q%'! 1'! 5%-! ;*%140'&21;%'!

G-Q:0*)';! 67'! 8'/71'%! 5%! C&1'/"GS)={->! \IeZZ"Iennb! ;1*/A! /-199/! &)40! 9F-! 5%'! X140/%-! $%&'!

(&)*!Q)d!5&+!,%+%'/*140%!1+/!9F-!51%!8);%'!)'+140/?&-D!X&+!O1+)%**%A!51%!,%*/!5%-!(0:'72%'%!

75%-! 5&+! H&/%-1%**%! T1-5! &*+! %/T&+! O7-5%-;-F'51;%+! \C40%1'0&9/%+b! 6%-+/&'5%'A! 5&+! 672!

+40B=9%-1+40%'! H%'+40%'! /-&'+Q%'51%-/! T%-5%'! 2)++A! )2! %/T&+! [B0%-%+A! J%1+/1;%+A!

<'%'5*140%+!Q)!+%0%'d!f,%-!'%)%!N1*5%-!+40&9/A!+40&9/!51%!P%12%!9F-!'%)%!J%5&'.%'Dg!\$(!

KKkIA`^#b! $%&'! (&)*+! %-0&?%'%! N1*5T%*/%'! 6%-&'+40&)*140%'! 5%+0&*?! %1'%! (7%+1%! &'! 5%-!

J-%'Q%!5%-!C140/?&-.%1/D!C1%!2&-.1%-%'!V?%-;&';+=0:'72%'%A!51%!&)9!%/T&+!6%-T%1+%'A!5&+!

21/!0%-.B22*140%'!C=-&40Q%140%'!'140/!2%0-!%-.*:-?&-!1+/A!&?%-!5%''740!&*+!80')';!1'!5%-!

O7-+/%**)';!%S1+/1%-/D!K'!+%1'%2!|6-%!*&++%'!+140!QT%1!;%;%'+:/Q*140%!N%;-199%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!

)'/%-+40%15%'d! X%-! %-+/%! N%;-199! 1+/! =7+1/16! \-%*1;1B+b! ?%+%/Q/! )'5! ?%Q1%0/! +140! &)9! 51%!

G-+40%1')';%'! 5%-! ?%+%%*/%'! U&/)-A! &)9! 51%! R-&'+Q%'5%'Q! )'5! 5&+! JB//*140%! 01'/%-! 5%'!

+140/?&-%'!X1';%'D!X%-!QT%1/%!N%;-199!01';%;%'!0&/!9F-!5%'!H%'+40%'!'%;&/16%!\'101*1+/1+40%b!

K2=*1.&/17'%'D!G-!Q1%*/!&)9!5%'!C40-%4.%'!&';%+140/+!%1'%-!;7//*7+%'!,%*/!)'5!&)9!51%!5&21/!

6%-?)'5%'%'! 8?;-F'5%! 1'! %1'%2! +1''*%%-%'! <'16%-+)2A! T%*40%! 21/! 5%2! &/0%1+/1+40%'!

X%'.%'!&)9/&)40%'D!!

K'!$%&'!(&)*+!M72&'+40)*%'!*&++%'!+140!;-&5)%**%!8?+/)9)';%'!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!?%7?&40/%'D!

G'/+=-%40%'5! T140/1;! 1+/! %+A! 5%'! L%T%1*1;%'! P7'/%S/! Q)! ?%-F4.+140/1;%'D! X&?%1! 2)++! &)40!

QT1+40%'! 5%'! +)?L%./16%'! N%T)++/+%1'+6%-2B;%'! 5%-! %1'Q%*'%'! E1;)-%'! )'/%-+401%5%'!

T%-5%'h! '140/! 67'! &**%'! Y0&-&./%-%'! T1-5! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! ;*%140%-2&++%'! %2=9)'5%'! )'5!

;%+40:/Q/D!$%!'&40!J-&5!5%-!L%T%1*1;%'!G-.%''/'1+9:01;.%1/!;1?/!%+!&991-2&/16%!?QTD!'%;&/16%!

_I!O;*D![%1'Q!U147*&1d!K5%%!)'5!J%+/&*/)';!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!?%1!$%&'!(&)*A!CD!Ia`D!

! "!`I!"!

75%-! 1'5199%-%'/%! G1'+/%**)';%'! ;%;%'F?%-! 5%2! G-0&?%'%'d! fX%-! %-0&?%'+/%! H%'+40! *1%?/!

)'5!+)40/!21/!5%2!&2!/1%9+/%'!;%+/%**/%'!H%'+40%'!%1'%-*%1!X1';%A!')-!&)+!0B0%-'!J-F'5%'A!

')-!&)9!0B0%-'!,%;%'Dg!\$(!KknAI#ab!X1%+%+!L%&'=&)*+40%!C/)9%'275%**!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!+7**!

01%-! 12! C%*?+/&)9?&)! +/)51%-/! )'5! %S=*1Q1%-/! T%-5%'D! X&?%1! ;%0/! %+! 67-! &**%2! 5&-)2A! 51%!

V?%-+40-%1/)';! 67'! C40T%**%'! 9%+/Q)0&*/%'A! T%*40%! +7T70*! .7'/1')1%-*140%! &*+! &)40!

51+.7'/1')1%-*140%! G'/T14.*)';%'! 12! W%?%'! 5%-! E1;)-%'! Q)-! E7*;%! 0&?%'! .B''%'D! 3T1+40%'!

5%2!.)'+//0%7-%/1+40%'!X1+.)-+!F?%-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!)'5!5%-!G-97-+40)';!5%-!1-51+40%'!?QTD!

.7+21+40%'!U&/)-?%/-&40/)';!?%+/%0%'!2&''1;9&*/1;%!O%-.'F=9)';%'D!!

X&+!G-0&?%'%!%'/0:*/!H72%'/%!:+/0%/1+40%-A!-0%/7-1+40%-A!27-&*1+40%-A!=01*7+7=01+40%-!)'5!

2%/&=0>+1+40%-! O7-+/%**)';%'h! %+! 1+/! 61%*+40140/1;! )'5! 2%0-5%)/1;D! X1%! O1%*9&*/! 2B;*140%-!

q)++%-)';%'!F?%-!5&+!G-0&?%'%!1+/!&**%-51';+!'140/!8)+5-)4.!67'!N%*1%?1;.%1/!)'5!,1**.F-h!

61%*2%0-! 1+/! 5&+! G-0&?%'%! +%*?+/! %1'! =&-&57S%+! (0:'72%'D^_`! G+! 6%-01'5%-/! %1'%! 1'! +140!

&?;%+40*7++%'%! N%;-199*140.%1/A! 1'! 5%-! &**%! +%1'%! .7'+/1/)/16%'! H72%'/%! -%1?)';+*7+!

&)9;1';%'!)'5!?*%1?/!+/&//5%++%'!1'!+140!T15%-+/-%1/1;D^__!X1%!0#.$%9(:.!(E*")H.&.&!)'/%-+)40/!

51%! &)9! %1'! )'%--%140?&-%+! 31%*! ;%-140/%/%'! *1/%-&-1+40%'! N%T%;)';%'A! 51%! +140! %1'%-!

91S1%-%'5%'! \0727;%'%'b! N1*5*140.%1/! 6%-T%1;%-'D! C1%! ?%+40-%1?/! 5&21/! %1'%'!

=01*7+7=01+40%'!J-%'Q;&';A!5%-!51%!G'/;-%'Q)';!12!:+/0%/1+40%'!<-/%1*!&'!%1'%!N%;-%'Q)';!

5%+! X&-+/%**)';+6%-2B;%'+! ?1'5%/! )'5! 51%! G'5*140.%1/! 21/! 5%-! <'%'5*140.%1/! +7T1%! 51%!

<'%'5*140.%1/!21/!5%-!G'5*140.%1/!6%-.'F=9/D!

!

X&+!%-+/%!P&=1/%*!5%-!67-*1%;%'5%'!C/)51%!+%/Q/!+140!21/!5%-!Y722%-41)2"X%?&//%!5%+!I#D!

$&0-0)'5%-/+! &)+%1'&'5%-! )'5! ?%*%)40/%/! 51%! 6%-+401%5%'%'! 3)+&22%'0:';%! QT1+40%'!

8'/0-7=7*7;1%!)'5!H%/&=0>+1.D!G+!Q%1;/!&)9A!T1%!$%&'!(&)*!5%'!070%'!H%'+40%'!12!,1++%'!

)2!51%!%=1+/%21+40%'!G-.%''/'1++%!5%-!3%1/!&*+!27-&*1+40%+!J%;%'275%**!%'/T1-9/A!)2!5%'!

O%-*)+/!5%+!J*&)?%'+!&'!51%!<'+/%-?*140.%1/!5%-!C%%*%!5&-Q)+/%**%'D!P7'.-%/%!G1'Q%*&'&*>+%'!

/%S/)%**%-!(0:'72%'%!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!1'!I%.(1&!%3"$H)*.(J#'.!)'5!12!,)-6)&.*(+)2!+7**%'!

51%! /0%7-%/1+40%'! G1'+140/%'! 9)'51%-%'D! K2! 3%'/-)2! 5%+! QT%1/%'! P&=1/%*+! +/%0%'!

_`!O;*D!5&Q)!Y0-1+/1'%!(-1%+d!X&+!G-0&?%'%A!CD!IId!fK2!J%9F0*!5%+!G-0&?%'%'!9&**%'!'140/!')-!<'*)+/!)'5!W)+/!

Q)+&22%'A! +7'5%-'! %+! %'/0:*/! 1'! &**! +%1'%'! &'5%-%'A! '140/! 21'5%-! =&-&57S%'! O%-+17'%'! F?%-! P&'/! )'5!

+40%1'?&-! 0&-2*7+%! :+/0%/1+40%! E-&;%+/%**)';%'! 01'&)+! '&0%Q)! +:2/*140%! 8)+=-:;)';%'! 5%-!

&?%'5*:'51+40%'! X1407/721%d! K--&/17'&*1/:/! )'5! M&/17'&*1/:/A! (&++161/:/! )'5! 8./161/:/A! G2=1-1Q1/:/! )'5!

R-&'+Q%'5%'/&*1/:/A! U%;&/17'! )'5! 8991-2&/17'A! W7+*B+)';! )'5! 8'?1'5)';A! U&/)-! )'5! P)*/)-A!6"P!%!! )'5!

$.3"&.A! P-1+%! )'5! J-B++%'T&0'A! P-1/1.! )'5! H%/&=0>+1.A! 8?;-)'5! )'5! V?%-;&';A! Y0&7+! )'5! @-5')';A!

M%67*)/17'!)'5!M%+/&)-&/17'!m!&)40!51%+%!M%10%!*1%++%!+140!?%*1%?1;!97-/+%/Q%'Dg!

__!O;*D!8'5-%&!O1%-*%d!X1%!,&0-0%1/!5%+!(7%/1+40"G-0&?%'%'D!C/)51%'!Q)2!5140/%-1+40%'!X%'.%'D!O7'!5%-!8'/1.%!

?1+!Q)-!(7+/275%-'%D!,F-Q?)-;!`ZZnA!CD!n`]D!