source: https://doi.org/10.7892/boris.70266 | downloaded: 1.2.2022 Hans HurniKnowledgefor Sustainable Development
Haramaya University – Ethiopia
Special Lecture on 11 July 2008
Knowledge for Sustainable Development in Ethiopia
Hans Hurni (Prof. Dr.)
Director, Centre for Development and Environment University of Bern, and
Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research NCCR North-South
Martin Moll 1989
Eva Ludi 1994
Local rural school in the Simen Mountains
Eva Ludi 1994
Hans Hurni 1985
Hans Hurni 1983
Hans Hurni 1981
Monitoring soil erosion on testplots in Ethiopia
Hans Hurni 1982
Hans Hurni 1981
Urs Bosshart 1997
Source: Hurni et al. 2005
Land Cover in Dembecha Area, Ethiopia, in 1957
and 1995
Gete Zeleke 2000
Runoff in Percent of Rainfall on Different Land Cover and Use Types
36.8 42.8
29.4
18.6 41.4 47.4
30.3 32
9.1 10
1.6 2.4
17.6
11.9
1.2
13
3.5 2.9 2.1
4.6 16
9.28
4.4
44
26 37
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
0 1 2 3 4 5
1: Forest, 2: Grassland, 3: Cultivated, 4: Degraded
Runoff in Percent of Rainfall
Andit Tid Anjeni Dizi
Gununo
Hunde Lafto Maybar
Afdeyu
Median value
Surface Runoff in Ethiopia (30m
2test plot measurements)
Source: Hurni et al., 2005
Land cover type (from LUPRD) Area (%)
Estimated soil loss from slopes
t/ha/year t/year
Cropland (cereals, pulses, tubers) 13.1 42 672,000,000 Perennial crops (inset, coffee, etc.) 1.7 8 17,000,000
Grazing and browsing land 51.0 5 312,000,000
Totally degraded land (badlands) 3.8 70 325,000,000 Currently uncultivable (steep lands) 18.7 5 114,000,000
Forests (natural and afforested) 3.6 1 4,000,000
Wood and bush land (mostly grazed) 8.1 5 49,000,000
Total country 100.0 12 1,493,000,000
Source: Hurni 1987
Soil erosion and soil formation in Ethiopia
Dependent on altitudinal belt and landuse
Sources: Hurni 1983, 1985 Legend:
Soil Erosion (in mm soil depth per year)
Soil Formation (in mm soil depth per year)
3.3 0.7
1 mm soil depth= 10 tonsper hectare
3700 m 3200 m
2300 m
1500 m
500 m
WURCH DEGA
WEYNA DEGA
KOLLA
Cultivated Land Grassland
2.3
4.3
4.9
4.1
0.4
1.1
0.9
0.4 0.5
0.3 0.7 0.4
0.6 0.7
0.7 0.3
Hans Hurni 1975
Georg Gerster 1974
Urs Schaffner 1996
Castle of Emperor Fasilides in Gonder
Hans Helfritz
(before 1966)
Eva Ludi 2001
Alamata - Korem
Road with church
Georg Gerster 1974
Hans Hurni 1983
Eva Ludi 2001
Hans Hurni 1985
Monolith stele in Aksum
Paul Almasy
(before 1966)
Eva Ludi, 2004
Hilde Graf 1975
Josef Werdecker, 1954
Gudrun Schwilch 1994
Hans Hurni 2004
Eva Ludi 1994
Georg Gerster 1974
Ursula Gaemperli 1989
Sabina Erny 2003
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
C ul ti v at ed ar ea [ ha]
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Y iel d of gr ai n and t o tal b io m a s s [t]
Cultivated area Kremt Cultivated area Belg
Total harvested biomass (Belg and Kremt) Total grain yield (Belg and Kremt)
Trend of total grain yield Trend of biomass yield
1)
Changes in Cultivated Biomass and Grain Yield an Ethiopian Catchment (110 ha) Conserved in 1983
Source: Loetscher 2003
René Kohler 2004
Population in Ethiopia from 1900 to 2006, with projections backward to 1600,
and forward to 2100, respectively
0.0 20.0 40.0 60.0 80.0 100.0 120.0 140.0
1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
Ye ar
Population in million
Evolution and projection
of population of Ethiopia from 1600 to 2100 using various sources (historic, CSA, and own assessment)
Average population growth rates in Ethiopia, 1600 to 2100, modelled with 1900-2004 data
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50
1600 1700 1800 1900 2000 2100
Ye ar
Average annual increase in %
