The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research

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1 Supplementary Material

Patient-Centeredness in Hepatitis C Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Delivery to People Who Inject Drugs: A Scoping Review

The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research

Moaz Abdelwadoud, MD, DrPH, MPH; T. Joseph Mattingly II, PharmD, MBA, PhD; Hemanuel Arroyo Seguí, PharmD; Emily F. Gorman, MLIS, AHIP; Eleanor M. Perfetto, PhD, MS

Corresponding Author:

Moaz Abdelwadoud, MD, DrPH, MPH

Department of Pharmaceutical Health Services Research

University of Maryland School of Pharmacy; Baltimore, Maryland, The United States 220 Arch Street, 12th Floor – Office 01-310, Baltimore, MD 21201

Phone: 410-706-0529

Email: mabdelwadoud@rx.umaryland.edu

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2 Supplement A. Scoping review search strategies

Searches run on 12 February 2019 by Emily F. Gorman

Filters / Limits: Publication date 2014-present [This accounts for the direct-acting antiviral era.]

PubMed (1809-present) – 1954 references retrieved on 12 February 2019

("Therapeutics"[Mesh] OR "therapy"[Subheading] OR "Antiviral Agents"[Mesh] OR "Antiviral Agents"[Pharmacological Action] OR "Treatment Outcome"[Mesh] OR

"Treatment Adherence and Compliance"[Mesh] OR intervention[tiab] OR treat[tiab] OR therap[tiab] OR direct acting antiviral[tiab] OR DAA[tiab] OR simeprevir[tiab] OR sofosbuvir[tiab] OR sovaldi[tiab] OR ledipasvir[tiab] OR harvoni[tiab] OR velpatasvir[tiab] OR epclusa[tiab] OR voxilaprevir[tiab] OR daclatasvir[tiab] OR BMS-790052[tiab]

OR paritaprevir[tiab] OR ABT- 450[tiab] OR ombitasvir[tiab] OR ABT-267[tiab] OR ritonavir[tiab] OR 3D[tiab] OR dasabuvir[tiab] OR ABT- 333[tiab] OR viekira pak[tiab] OR glecaprevir[tiab] OR ABT-493[tiab] OR pibrentasvir[tiab] OR mavyret[tiab] OR grazoprevir[tiab] OR elbasvir[tiab] OR zepatier[tiab] OR adherence[tiab] OR compliance[tiab]) AND ("Substance-Related Disorders"[Mesh] OR "opiate substitution treatment"[Mesh] OR "buprenorphine"[Mesh] OR "methadone"[Mesh] OR inject drug[tiab] OR injecting drug[tiab] OR injection drug[tiab] OR drug inject[tiab] OR drug use[tiab] OR PWID[tiab] OR IDU[tiab] OR IVDU[tiab] OR intravenous drug us[tiab] OR IV drug us*[tiab]

OR drug depend[tiab] OR substance use[tiab] OR substance misuse[tiab] OR substance abuse[tiab] OR drug addict[tiab] OR opioid substitution[tiab] OR OST[tiab] OR opioid agonist[tiab] OR OAT[tiab] OR opiate substitution[tiab] OR opiate replacement[tiab] OR opioid replacement[tiab] OR methadone[tiab] OR MMT[tiab] OR

buprenorphine[tiab] OR opioid addict[tiab] OR opiate addict[tiab] OR opioid dependen[tiab] OR opiate dependen[tiab] OR heroin addict[tiab] OR heroin dependen[tiab]

OR heroin abuse[tiab] OR drug abuse[tiab]) AND ("Hepatitis C"[Mesh] OR hepatitis C[tiab] OR hcv[tiab] OR hep c[tiab]) AND (("2014/01/01"[PDat] : "3000/12/31"[PDat]))

Embase (Embase.com; 1947-present) – 4209 references retrieved on 12 February 2019

('therapy'/exp OR 'antivirus agent'/exp OR 'treatment outcome'/exp OR 'patient compliance'/exp OR intervention:ti,ab OR treat:ti,ab OR therap:ti,ab OR 'direct acting antiviral':ti,ab OR daa:ti,ab OR simeprevir:ti,ab OR sofosbuvir:ti,ab OR sovaldi:ti,ab OR ledipasvir:ti,ab OR harvoni:ti,ab OR velpatasvir:ti,ab OR epclusa:ti,ab OR

voxilaprevir:ti,ab OR daclatasvir:ti,ab OR 'bms-790052':ti,ab OR paritaprevir:ti,ab OR 'abt-450':ti,ab OR ombitasvir:ti,ab OR 'abt-267':ti,ab OR ritonavir:ti,ab OR pibrentasvir:ti,ab OR mavyret:ti,ab OR grazoprevir:ti,ab OR elbasvir:ti,ab OR zepatiertia:ti,ab OR adherence:ti,ab OR compliance:ti,ab) AND ('drug dependence'/exp OR 'drug dependence

treatment'/exp OR 'buprenorphine'/exp OR 'methadone'/exp OR 'inject drug':ti,ab OR 'injecting drug':ti,ab OR 'injection drug':ti,ab OR 'drug inject':ti,ab OR 'drug use*':ti,ab

OR pwid:ti,ab OR idu:ti,ab OR ivdu:ti,ab OR 'intravenous drug us':ti,ab OR 'iv drug us':ti,ab OR 'drug depend':ti,ab OR 'substance use':ti,ab OR 'substance misuse*':ti,ab OR

'substance abuse':ti,ab OR 'drug addict':ti,ab OR 'opioid substitution':ti,ab OR ost:ti,ab OR 'opioid agonist':ti,ab OR oat:ti,ab OR 'opiate substitution*':ti,ab OR 'opiate

replacement':ti,ab OR 'opioid replacement':ti,ab OR methadone:ti,ab OR mmt:ti,ab OR buprenorphine:ti,ab OR ‘opioid addict’:ti,ab OR ‘opiate addict’:ti,ab OR ‘opioid

dependen’:ti,ab OR ‘opiate dependen’:ti,ab OR ‘heroin addict’:ti,ab OR ‘heroin dependen’:ti,ab OR ‘heroin abuse’:ti,ab OR ‘drug abuse’:ti,ab) AND ('hepatitis c'/exp OR

'hepatitis c':ti,ab OR hcv:ti,ab OR 'hep c':ti,ab) AND (2014:py OR 2015:py OR 2016:py OR 2017:py OR 2018:py OR 2019:py)

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3 Cochrane Library (WileyOnline; Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Clinical Answers) – 220 references retrieved on 12 February 2019

Search Manager:

1. MeSH descriptor: [Therapeutics] explode all trees

2. Any MeSH descriptor in all MeSH products and with qualifier(s): [therapy - TH]

3. MeSH descriptor: [Antiviral Agents] explode all trees 4. MeSH descriptor: [Treatment Outcome] explode all trees

5. MeSH descriptor: [Treatment Adherence and Compliance] explode all trees

6. (intervention* OR treat* OR therap* OR ("direct acting" NEXT antiviral*) OR DAA OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR "BMS-790052" OR paritaprevir OR "ABT- 450" OR ombitasvir OR "ABT-267" OR ritonavir OR 3D OR dasabuvir OR

"ABT- 333" OR "viekira pak" OR glecaprevir OR "ABT-493" OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatier OR adherence OR compliance):ti,ab,kw

7. #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6

8. MeSH descriptor: [Substance-Related Disorders] explode all trees 9. MeSH descriptor: [Opiate Substitution Treatment] explode all trees 10. MeSH descriptor: [Buprenorphine] explode all trees

11. MeSH descriptor: [Methadone] explode all trees

12. ((inject NEXT drug) OR (injecting NEXT drug) OR (injection NEXT drug) OR (drug NEXT inject) OR (drug NEXT use) OR PWID OR IDU OR IVDU OR ("intravenous drug" NEXT us) OR ("IV drug" NEXT us) OR (drug NEXT depend) OR (substance NEXT use) OR (substance NEXT misuse) OR (substance NEXT abuse) OR (drug NEXT addict) OR (opioid NEXT substitution) OR OST OR (opioid NEXT agonist) OR OAT OR (opiate NEXT substitution*) OR "opiate

replacement" OR "opioid replacement" OR methadone OR MMT OR buprenorphine):ti,ab,kw 13. #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12

14. MeSH descriptor: [Hepatitis C] explode all trees 15. ("hepatitis C" OR hcv OR "hep c"):ti,ab,kw 16. #14 OR #15

17. #7 AND #13 AND #16

In Cochrane Reviews results the Publication Date limit Custom Range: 01/01/2014 to blank was applied In Trials results the Year first published limit Custom Range: 2014 to blank was applied

PsycINFO (EBSCOhost;) – 477 references retrieved on 12 February 2019

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4 (DE "Treatment" OR DE "Adjunctive Treatment" OR DE "Aftercare" OR DE "Alternative Medicine" OR DE "Behavior Modification" OR DE "Cognitive Techniques" OR DE

"Computer Assisted Therapy" OR DE "Crisis Intervention Services" OR DE "Cross Cultural Treatment" OR DE "Disease Management" OR DE "Health Care Services" OR DE

"Interdisciplinary Treatment Approach" OR DE "Involuntary Treatment" OR DE "Life Sustaining Treatment" OR DE "Medical Treatment (General)" OR DE "Milieu Therapy"

OR DE "Multimodal Treatment Approach" OR DE "Multisystemic Therapy" OR DE "Online Therapy" OR DE "Outpatient Treatment" OR DE "Pain Management" OR DE

"Partial Hospitalization" OR DE "Personal Therapy" OR DE "Physical Treatment Methods" OR DE "Preventive Medicine" OR DE "Psychotherapeutic Techniques" OR DE

"Psychotherapy" OR DE "Rehabilitation" OR DE "Social Casework" OR DE "Sociotherapy" OR DE "Symptoms Based Treatment" OR DE "Treatment Guidelines" OR DE

"Treatment Outcomes" OR DE "Psychotherapeutic Outcomes" OR DE "Antiviral Drugs" OR DE "Zidovudine" OR MM "Treatment Compliance" OR treat* OR therap* OR

"direct acting antiviral*" OR daa OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR "bms- 790052" OR paritaprevir OR "abt-450" OR ombitasvir OR "abt-267" OR ritonavir OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatiertia OR adherence OR compliance)

AND

(DE "Drug Abuse" OR DE "Alcohol Abuse" OR DE "Drug Dependency" OR DE "Inhalant Abuse" OR DE "Polydrug Abuse" OR MM "Intravenous Drug Usage" OR MM

"Buprenorphine" OR MM "Methadone" OR MM "Methadone Maintenance" OR DE "Drug Rehabilitation" OR DE "Alcohol Rehabilitation" OR DE "Detoxification" OR "inject drug" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug inject" OR "drug use" OR PWID OR IDU OR "intravenous drug us" OR "IV drug us" OR "drug depend" OR “substance use” OR

“substance misuse” OR “substance abuse” OR “drug addict” OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate

replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addict” OR “opiate addict” OR “opioid dependen” OR “opiate dependen” OR

“heroin addict” OR “heroin dependen” OR “heroin abuse” OR “drug abuse”) AND

(DE "Hepatitis" OR DE "Toxic Hepatitis" OR "hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") Limiter - Published Date: 20140101-20191231

CINAHL (EBSCOhost) – 701 references retrieved on 12 February 2019

(MH "Treatment Outcomes+" OR MH "Antiviral Agents+" OR MH "Patient Compliance+" OR treat* OR therap* OR "direct acting antiviral*" OR daa OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR “bms-790052” OR paritaprevir OR “abt-450” OR ombitasvir OR

“abt-267” OR ritonavir OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatiertia OR adherence OR compliance) AND

(MH "Substance Abuse+" OR MM "Intravenous Drug Users" OR MM "Methadone" OR MM "Buprenorphine" OR "inject drug" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug inject*" OR

"drug use" OR PWID OR IDU OR "intravenous drug us" OR "IV drug us" OR "drug depend" OR “substance use” OR “substance misuse” OR “substance abuse*” OR

“drug addict” OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR

(5)

5 mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addict” OR “opiate addict” OR “opioid dependen” OR “opiate dependen” OR “heroin addict” OR “heroin dependen” OR “heroin abuse” OR “drug abuse”)

AND

(MH "Hepatitis C+" OR "hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") Limiter - Published Date: 20140101-20191231

ClinicalTrials.gov – 89 references retrieved on 13 February 2019

[Note: Search had to be split into three to accommodate the character length limitations in the search fields. The results were deduplicated in EndNote and 89 unique records remained.]

Advanced Search:

Search #1: 66 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND ("inject drugs" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug user" OR "drug users" OR PWID OR IDU OR "drug dependence" OR “substance use” OR “substance misuse” OR “substance abuse” OR “substance abusers”) in Other terms

First posted from 01/01/2014 to blank Search #2: 40 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND (“drug addicts” OR "drug addiction" OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addicts”) in Other terms

First posted from 01/01/2014 to blank Search #3: 44 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND ("opioid addiction" OR “opiate addicts” OR "opiate addiction" OR “opioid dependence” OR “opiate dependence” OR “heroin addiction” OR "heroin addicts" OR “heroin dependence” OR “heroin abuse” OR "heroin abusers" OR “drug abuse” OR "drug abusers") in Other terms

First posted from 01/01/2014 to blank

Search updates run on 02 October 2019 by Emily F. Gorman

PubMed – 465 references

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6 ( (("Therapeutics"[Mesh] OR "therapy"[Subheading] OR "Antiviral Agents"[Mesh] OR "Antiviral Agents"[Pharmacological Action] OR "Treatment Outcome"[Mesh] OR

"Treatment Adherence and Compliance"[Mesh] OR intervention[tiab] OR treat[tiab] OR therap[tiab] OR direct acting antiviral[tiab] OR DAA[tiab] OR simeprevir[tiab] OR sofosbuvir[tiab] OR sovaldi[tiab] OR ledipasvir[tiab] OR harvoni[tiab] OR velpatasvir[tiab] OR epclusa[tiab] OR voxilaprevir[tiab] OR daclatasvir[tiab] OR BMS-790052[tiab]

OR paritaprevir[tiab] OR ABT- 450[tiab] OR ombitasvir[tiab] OR ABT-267[tiab] OR ritonavir[tiab] OR 3D[tiab] OR dasabuvir[tiab] OR ABT- 333[tiab] OR viekira pak[tiab] OR glecaprevir[tiab] OR ABT-493[tiab] OR pibrentasvir[tiab] OR mavyret[tiab] OR grazoprevir[tiab] OR elbasvir[tiab] OR zepatier[tiab] OR adherence[tiab] OR compliance[tiab]) AND ("Substance-Related Disorders"[Mesh] OR "opiate substitution treatment"[Mesh] OR "buprenorphine"[Mesh] OR "methadone"[Mesh] OR inject drug[tiab] OR injecting drug[tiab] OR injection drug[tiab] OR drug inject[tiab] OR drug use[tiab] OR PWID[tiab] OR IDU[tiab] OR IVDU[tiab] OR intravenous drug us[tiab] OR IV drug us*[tiab]

OR drug depend[tiab] OR substance use[tiab] OR substance misuse[tiab] OR substance abuse[tiab] OR drug addict[tiab] OR opioid substitution[tiab] OR OST[tiab] OR opioid agonist[tiab] OR OAT[tiab] OR opiate substitution[tiab] OR opiate replacement[tiab] OR opioid replacement[tiab] OR methadone[tiab] OR MMT[tiab] OR

buprenorphine[tiab] OR opioid addict[tiab] OR opiate addict[tiab] OR opioid dependen[tiab] OR opiate dependen[tiab] OR heroin addict[tiab] OR heroin dependen[tiab]

OR heroin abuse[tiab] OR drug abuse[tiab]) AND ("Hepatitis C"[Mesh] OR hepatitis C[tiab] OR hcv[tiab] OR hep c[tiab]) AND (("2014/01/01"[PDat] : "3000/12/31"[PDat]))) AND "2019/02/12 15.00"[MHDA]:"2019/10/02 15.00"[MHDA])

Embase – 959 references

('therapy'/exp OR 'antivirus agent'/exp OR 'treatment outcome'/exp OR 'patient compliance'/exp OR intervention:ti,ab OR treat:ti,ab OR therap:ti,ab OR 'direct acting antiviral':ti,ab OR daa:ti,ab OR simeprevir:ti,ab OR sofosbuvir:ti,ab OR sovaldi:ti,ab OR ledipasvir:ti,ab OR harvoni:ti,ab OR velpatasvir:ti,ab OR epclusa:ti,ab OR

voxilaprevir:ti,ab OR daclatasvir:ti,ab OR 'bms-790052':ti,ab OR paritaprevir:ti,ab OR 'abt-450':ti,ab OR ombitasvir:ti,ab OR 'abt-267':ti,ab OR ritonavir:ti,ab OR pibrentasvir:ti,ab OR mavyret:ti,ab OR grazoprevir:ti,ab OR elbasvir:ti,ab OR zepatiertia:ti,ab OR adherence:ti,ab OR compliance:ti,ab) AND ('drug dependence'/exp OR 'drug dependence

treatment'/exp OR 'buprenorphine'/exp OR 'methadone'/exp OR 'inject drug':ti,ab OR 'injecting drug':ti,ab OR 'injection drug':ti,ab OR 'drug inject':ti,ab OR 'drug use':ti,ab OR pwid:ti,ab OR idu:ti,ab OR ivdu:ti,ab OR 'intravenous drug us':ti,ab OR 'iv drug us':ti,ab OR 'drug depend':ti,ab OR 'substance use':ti,ab OR 'substance misuse':ti,ab OR 'substance abuse':ti,ab OR 'drug addict':ti,ab OR 'opioid substitution':ti,ab OR ost:ti,ab OR 'opioid agonist':ti,ab OR oat:ti,ab OR 'opiate substitution':ti,ab OR 'opiate replacement':ti,ab OR 'opioid replacement':ti,ab OR methadone:ti,ab OR mmt:ti,ab OR buprenorphine:ti,ab OR 'opioid addict':ti,ab OR 'opiate addict':ti,ab OR 'opioid dependen':ti,ab OR 'opiate dependen':ti,ab OR 'heroin addict':ti,ab OR 'heroin dependen':ti,ab OR 'heroin abuse':ti,ab OR 'drug abuse*':ti,ab) AND ('hepatitis c'/exp OR 'hepatitis c':ti,ab OR hcv:ti,ab OR 'hep c':ti,ab) AND (2014:py OR 2015:py OR 2016:py OR 2017:py OR 2018:py OR 2019:py) AND [12-2-2019]/sd NOT [3-10-2019]/sd

Cochrane – 50 references Search Manager:

1. MeSH descriptor: [Therapeutics] explode all trees

2. Any MeSH descriptor in all MeSH products and with qualifier(s): [therapy - TH]

3. MeSH descriptor: [Antiviral Agents] explode all trees

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7 4. MeSH descriptor: [Treatment Outcome] explode all trees

5. MeSH descriptor: [Treatment Adherence and Compliance] explode all trees

6. (intervention* OR treat* OR therap* OR ("direct acting" NEXT antiviral*) OR DAA OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR "BMS-790052" OR paritaprevir OR "ABT- 450" OR ombitasvir OR "ABT-267" OR ritonavir OR 3D OR dasabuvir OR

"ABT- 333" OR "viekira pak" OR glecaprevir OR "ABT-493" OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatier OR adherence OR compliance):ti,ab,kw

7. #1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6

8. MeSH descriptor: [Substance-Related Disorders] explode all trees 9. MeSH descriptor: [Opiate Substitution Treatment] explode all trees 10. MeSH descriptor: [Buprenorphine] explode all trees

11. MeSH descriptor: [Methadone] explode all trees

12. ((inject NEXT drug) OR (injecting NEXT drug) OR (injection NEXT drug) OR (drug NEXT inject) OR (drug NEXT use) OR PWID OR IDU OR IVDU OR ("intravenous drug" NEXT us) OR ("IV drug" NEXT us) OR (drug NEXT depend) OR (substance NEXT use) OR (substance NEXT misuse) OR (substance NEXT abuse) OR (drug NEXT addict) OR (opioid NEXT substitution) OR OST OR (opioid NEXT agonist) OR OAT OR (opiate NEXT substitution*) OR "opiate

replacement" OR "opioid replacement" OR methadone OR MMT OR buprenorphine):ti,ab,kw 13. #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12

14. MeSH descriptor: [Hepatitis C] explode all trees 15. ("hepatitis C" OR hcv OR "hep c"):ti,ab,kw 16. #14 OR #15

17. #7 AND #13 AND #16

In Cochrane Reviews results the Publication Date limit Custom Range: 01/01/2014 to blank was applied. There was no way to limit the reviews by Date added, so the original search file was checked to see if the three reviews in the results had been retrieved in the first search. All three were in the original search.

In Trials results the “Year first published” limit Custom Range: 2014 to blank was applied and the “Date added to CENTRAL trials database” limit Custom Range: 12/02/2014 to blank was applied. Note that the format of that date is dd/mm/yyyy so it goes from 12 February 2019 to present.

PsycINFO – 56 references

1. (DE "Treatment" OR DE "Adjunctive Treatment" OR DE "Aftercare" OR DE "Alternative Medicine" OR DE "Behavior Modification" OR DE "Cognitive Techniques"

OR DE "Computer Assisted Therapy" OR DE "Crisis Intervention Services" OR DE "Cross Cultural Treatment" OR DE "Disease Management" OR DE "Health Care Services" OR DE "Interdisciplinary Treatment Approach" OR DE "Involuntary Treatment" OR DE "Life Sustaining Treatment" OR DE "Medical Treatment (General)"

OR DE "Milieu Therapy" OR DE "Multimodal Treatment Approach" OR DE "Multisystemic Therapy" OR DE "Online Therapy" OR DE "Outpatient Treatment" OR DE

(8)

8 "Pain Management" OR DE "Partial Hospitalization" OR DE "Personal Therapy" OR DE "Physical Treatment Methods" OR DE "Preventive Medicine" OR DE

"Psychotherapeutic Techniques" OR DE "Psychotherapy" OR DE "Rehabilitation" OR DE "Social Casework" OR DE "Sociotherapy" OR DE "Symptoms Based Treatment" OR DE "Treatment Guidelines" OR DE "Treatment Outcomes" OR DE "Psychotherapeutic Outcomes" OR DE "Antiviral Drugs" OR DE "Zidovudine" OR MM "Treatment Compliance" OR treat* OR therap* OR "direct acting antiviral*" OR daa OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR "bms-790052" OR paritaprevir OR "abt-450" OR ombitasvir OR "abt-267" OR ritonavir OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatiertia OR adherence OR compliance) AND (DE "Drug Abuse" OR DE "Alcohol Abuse" OR DE "Drug Dependency" OR DE "Inhalant Abuse" OR DE "Polydrug Abuse" OR MM "Intravenous Drug Usage" OR MM "Buprenorphine" OR MM "Methadone" OR MM "Methadone Maintenance"

OR DE "Drug Rehabilitation" OR DE "Alcohol Rehabilitation" OR DE "Detoxification" OR "inject drug" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug inject" OR "drug use" OR PWID OR IDU OR "intravenous drug us" OR "IV drug us" OR "drug depend" OR “substance use” OR “substance misuse” OR “substance abuse” OR “drug addict” OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addict” OR “opiate addict” OR “opioid dependen” OR “opiate dependen” OR “heroin addict” OR “heroin dependen” OR

“heroin abuse” OR “drug abuse”) AND (DE "Hepatitis" OR DE "Toxic Hepatitis" OR "hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") AND Limiter - Published Date: 20140101- 20191231

2. (ZD "20190204") or (ZD "20190207") or (ZD "20190211") or (ZD "20190214") or (ZD "20190218") or (ZD "20190225") or (ZD "20190228") or (ZD "20190304") or (ZD "20190307") or (ZD "20190311") or (ZD "20190314") or (ZD "20190318") or (ZD "20190321") or (ZD "20190325") or (ZD "201903 28") or (ZD "20190401") or (ZD "20190404") or (ZD "20190408") or (ZD "20190411") or (ZD "20190415") or (ZD "20190418") or (ZD "20190422") or (ZD "20190425") or (ZD "20190429") or (ZD "20190502") or (ZD "20190506") or (ZD "20190509") or (ZD "20190513") or (ZD "20190516") or (ZD "20190520") or (ZD "201905 23") or (ZD "20190527") or (ZD "20190530") or (ZD "20190603") or (ZD "20190606") or (ZD "20190610") or (ZD "20190613") or (ZD "20190617") or (ZD "201906 20") or (ZD "20190624") or (ZD "20190627") or (ZD "20190701") or (ZD "20190708") or (ZD "20190711") or (ZD "20190715") or (ZD "20190718") or (ZD "20190722") or (ZD "20190725") or (ZD "20190729") or (ZD "20190801") or (ZD "20190805") or (ZD "20190808") or (ZD "20190812") or (ZD "20190815") or (ZD "201908 19") or (ZD "20190822") or (ZD "20190826") or (ZD "20190829") or (ZD "20190902") or (ZD "20190905") or (ZD "20190909") or (ZD "20190912") or (ZD "20190916") or (ZD "20190919") or (ZD "20190923") or (ZD "20190926") or (ZD "20190930")

3. S1 AND S2

CINAHL – 88 references

1. (MH "Treatment Outcomes+" OR MH "Antiviral Agents+" OR MH "Patient Compliance+" OR treat* OR therap* OR "direct acting antiviral" OR daa OR simeprevir OR sofosbuvir OR sovaldi OR ledipasvir OR harvoni OR velpatasvir OR epclusa OR voxilaprevir OR daclatasvir OR “bms-790052” OR paritaprevir OR “abt-450” OR ombitasvir OR “abt-267” OR ritonavir OR pibrentasvir OR mavyret OR grazoprevir OR elbasvir OR zepatiertia OR adherence OR compliance) AND (MH "Substance Abuse+" OR MM "Intravenous Drug Users" OR MM "Methadone" OR MM "Buprenorphine" OR "inject drug" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug inject" OR "drug use*"

OR PWID OR IDU OR "intravenous drug us" OR "IV drug us" OR "drug depend" OR “substance use” OR “substance misuse” OR “substance abuse” OR “drug

(9)

9 addict” OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addict” OR “opiate addict” OR “opioid dependen” OR “opiate dependen” OR “heroin addict” OR “heroin dependen” OR

“heroin abuse” OR “drug abuse”) AND (MH "Hepatitis C+" OR "hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") AND Limiter - Published Date: 20140101-20191231 2. EM 201902-

3. S1 AND S2

Clinicaltrials.gov – 20 references

[Note: Search had to be split into three to accommodate the character length limitations in the search fields. The results were deduplicated in EndNote and 20 unique records remained.]

Advanced Search:

Search #1: 19 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND ("inject drugs" OR "injecting drug" OR "drug user" OR "drug users" OR PWID OR IDU OR "drug dependence" OR “substance use” OR “substance misuse” OR “substance abuse” OR “substance abusers”) in Other terms

First posted from 02/12/2019 to blank Search #2: 5 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND (“drug addicts” OR "drug addiction" OR “opioid substitution” OR ost OR “opioid agonist” OR oat OR “opiate substitution” OR “opiate replacement” OR “opioid replacement” OR methadone OR mmt OR buprenorphine OR “opioid addicts”) in Other terms

First posted from 02/12/2019 to blank Search #3: 5 results

("hepatitis c" OR hcv OR "hep c") in Condition or disease

AND ("opioid addiction" OR “opiate addicts” OR "opiate addiction" OR “opioid dependence” OR “opiate dependence” OR “heroin addiction” OR "heroin addicts" OR “heroin dependence” OR “heroin abuse” OR "heroin abusers" OR “drug abuse” OR "drug abusers") in Other terms

First posted from 02/12/2019 to blank

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10 Supplement B

Characteristics of the Analyzed Studies.

Authors Year Country Study

City/Province/State Study Period

Study Title/Project Name

Study Setting Study Design

Study Methods Study Aim(s) Study Primary Outcome

Participants characteristics in relevance to drug use 1- Akiyama,

Norton, et al.

2019 United States

New York City (Bronx), New York

October 2013 - May 2016

PREVAIL (Prevent Resistance Eliminate Virus and Improve Life)

Three comprehensive substance abuse management centers providing primary care services including HIV and HCV treatment.

Experimental (RCT)

- Three-arm unblinded RCT including 3 models of care: modified directly observed therapy (DOT) vs.

group treatment (GT) vs. self- administered individual treatment (SIT).

- Quantitative analysis for treatment completion and computer assisted self-interview surveys with participants.

To assess the effectiveness of two models of care: DOT and GT compared with SIT regarding:

adherence, treatment completion, and SVR.

-Adherence to treatment.

-Treatment completion, SVR, and model of care cost- effectiveness.

Opioid use disorder patients on opiate substitution therapy (OST).

2- Akiyama, Columbus, et al.

2019 United States

New York City, New York

May 2015 - April 2017

Not reported Three jails and one hospital correctional health ward.

Experimental (single arm clinical trial)

Description and quantitative analysis for treatment rates of a single arm clinical trial including a combined transitional care coordination (TCC) and patient navigation intervention.

-To assess rate of linkage to and retention in HCV care associated TCC and patient navigation model.

-To identify factors associated with linkage to HCV care, and evaluate feasibility of operationalizing this model of care

coordination in the jail system.

-Linkage to HCV care.

-Secondary outcomes:

treatment initiation among treatment- eligible participants, treatment completion, and achievement of SVR).

About 70% had a history of IDU.

3- Alimohammadi, Holeksa, Thiam, et al.

2018 Canada Vancouver March 2014

- December 2017.

Not reported Clinical infectious diseases center.

Observational (cohort)

- Quantitative analysis of clinical outcomes of HCV patients who initiated DAA treatment.

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of DAA treatment in PWID.

Achievement of SVR.

About 88% had a history of IDU, 46% had actively used drugs in the prior 6 months

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11

i.e. recent IDU, 36% were receiving OST.

4- Bajis et al. 2019 Australia Sydney February 2016 - December 2016

LiveRLife homelessness

Community- based homelessness social services’

centers.

Description and quantitative analysis for 8-day liver health campaign data. The campaign included HCV testing, self‐

administered survey, liver elastography, and clinical assessment. The analysis included treatment outcome data for the participants who initiated DAA treatment.

-To describe the HCV care cascade among homeless population.

-The study specific objectives were to: 1) describe HCV prevalence, liver disease burden, linkage to care and HCV DAA treatment uptake and outcomes among the LiveRLife homelessness cohort; and 2) examine factors associated with HCV DAA treatment uptake.

HCV treatment uptake following initial assessment, and treatment outcome.

About 39% had a history of IDU, of whom 63%

had active injection in the prior month, and 28% are on OST.

5- Bartholomew, Grosgebauer, Huynh, & Cos

2019 United States

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

January 2015 - April 2017

Not reported HCV treatment program developed within a primary care federally qualified health center (FQHC).

Description of HCV treatment model of care.

To describe a new approach for HCV treatment in a FQHC through integration of on-site specialty care.

Achievement of SVR

About half of the patient had a history of IDU.

6- Bonnington &

Harris

2017 United Kingdom

England 2014-2016 HepCATT:

Hepatitis C Awareness Through to Treatment

Two substance- abuse treatment centers and one primary care center.

Pre and post intervention qualitative analysis of HCV treatment model of care using in-depth interviews and focus groups.

To assess HCV treatment peer support implementation in substance- abuse treatment centers.

Efficacy of peer involvement in HCV treatment.

All participants of the patients’

in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were PWID (35 pre- intervention and 13 post- intervention).

7- Bouscaillou et al.

2018 Georgia Tbilisi May 2015 -

September 2015

Not reported Harm reduction (needle and syringe (NSP)) program and a clinical

- Pre and post treatment socio- behavioral questionnaire.

- Quantitative analysis for

To assess intervention effectiveness regarding adherence to care and SVR.

- Achievement of SVR.

- Adherence to DAA treatment.

Participants had recent IDU with advanced liver fibrosis.

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12

infectious

disease clinic.

adherence rate, and rates and factors associated with treatment completion and SRV.

8- Burton et al. 2019 United States

Jackson, Mississippi December 2014 - April 2018

Not reported A residential substance- abuse treatment centers program at a veterans’

affairs medical center.

Quantitative analysis for screening, diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment uptake, and SVR rates.

To evaluate HCV screening, education, referral, and treatment initiative.

Screening, diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment uptake, and SVR rates.

Veterans with moderate to severe substance use disorder (SUD).

9- Butner et al. 2017 United States

New Haven, Connecticut

Mid-2013 - mid-2015

Not reported Non-profit substance abuse treatment program.

Quantitative analysis for adherence and treatment outcome.

To examine the feasibility of integrating onsite DAA treatment into routine clinical care at a substance-abuse treatment program.

PWID, not classified

10- Chronister et al. 2019 Australia Sydney March 2016 - August 2016

Not reported Community- based primary care facility providing social and primary care services including HIV and HCV treatment to high risk young people and sex worker.

- Prospective feasibility study on HCV treatment uptake.

- Structured cross- sectional client satisfaction survey.

To determine impact on broader service provision, those who didn’t receive DAAs were also included.

- Pre and post intervention staff survey.

To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of expanding access to HCV treatment via adherence support through a substance- abuse treatment program, and to assess its impact on other service provision.

About 86% had a recent IDU.

11- Coffin et al. 2019 United States

San Francisco, California

2015-2017 Not reported Department of Public Health.

Experimental (RCT)

- Description and quantitative data analysis of 2 arm RCT including modified directly observed (mDOT) versus unobserved HCV treatment.

To evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of HCV treatment as prevention in the 2 arms by assessing enrolment;

retention;

treatment adherence, completion, success; and reinfection rates.

- Proportions of eligible participant., enrolled, retained, completed treatment overall and per arm.

- End-of- treatment viral load, SVR, and reinfection rate, overall and per arm.

About 45% had daily IDU over the prior month.

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13

12- Dhiman et al. 2019 India Punjab June 2016 -

July 2018

The Punjab Model

District and university hospitals.

- Description and quantitative analysis for HCV treatment provision via primary care providers supervised by telehealth specialty clinics.

To assess the feasibility, safety and efficacy of decentralized care for HCV treatment in primary care settings.

About 59% had a history of unsafe IDU.

13- Eckhardt et al. 2018 United States

New York City (Manhattan), New York

June 2014 - December 2016

Not reported Community- based harm reduction facility and 2 specialty medical centers.

- Quantitative analysis for adherence and treatment outcome.

To examine the effectiveness co-located HCV treatment within a syringe exchange program.

- Follow-up and adherence to DAA treatment.

14- Falade-Nwulia et al.

2017 United States

Baltimore, Maryland

February 2014 - March 2016

Not reported University affiliated HIV clinic.

Quantitative analysis for HIV/HCV coinfected patients at HIV clinical practice who previously enrolled in prospective observational cohort studies of HIV and HIV/HCV clinical outcomes.

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of DAA therapy among HIV/HCV coinfected patients.

- Follow-up and adherence to DAA treatment.

About 73% had a history of illicit drug use including injection, and 12% were active illicit drug users.

15- Groessl et al. 2017 United States

San Diego, California

January 2012 - February 2013

Not reported Veterans’

affairs medical center with an established HCV clinic.

Experimental (RCT)

Two arm RCT including integrated vs. standard models of care.

To determine if multisite trial results can be replicated with first-generation DAA in a small sample size RCT.

- DAA treatment initiation.

Veterans with substance use disorder (SUD).

About 32% of participants had a history of illicit drug use including injection within the prior year.

16- Harney et al. 2019 Australia Melbourne November 2016 and July 2017

Not reported Two Community- based homelessness centers providing primary care services.

Description and quantitative analysis for a pilot nurse-led model of HCV care in homeless services.

To improve HCV treatment engagement and cure of homeless (or at risk of homelessness) populations.

- DAA treatment initiation.

IDU patients, of whom 66% had actively used drugs in the prior 3 months

17- Harrison et al. 2019 United Kingdom

England September

2015 - January 2017

HepCATT:

Hepatitis C Awareness Through to Treatment (same project of Bonnington

& Harris, 2017)

Three addiction clinics providing addiction services for alcohol and non-injecting drug use in rural and

Experimental (NRCT)

Non-randomized controlled feasibility study comparing an intervention year with a baseline year, together with three control clinics.

To assess the impact of a multi-faceted intervention in specialist drug services on HCV treatment engagement, HCV testing, referral of

-Testing for HCV.

- Engagement with HCV therapy - Referral to specialty services - Initiation of HCV treatment.

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medium-large

sized inner cities.

diagnosed PWID for specialist assessment, and attendance at referral clinics.

18- Inglis et al. 2019 United Kingdom

Tayside, Scotland

January 2018- December 2019 (end of recruitment)

The ADVANCE (A Direct obserVed therApy versus fortNightly CollEction) HCV trial

Community- based harm reduction (injecting equipment provision sites IEPS) facilities.

Experimental (RCT)

Three-arm RCT protocol including:

directly observed therapy (DOT) vs.

fortnightly dispensed DAA vs fortnightly dispensed DAA following a psychological intervention on treatment adherence.

To compare the effectiveness of DAAs among the study 3 arms.

- Comparing SVR achievement among the 3 arms.

- Adherence, reinfection and viral resistance to treatment, and DAA interaction with illicit drugs.

PWID in harm reduction centre, not classified

19- Kikvidze et al. 2018 Georgia Tbilisi May - September 2015

Not reported Harm reduction center in collaboration with an international medical non- governmental organization, a local self- support organization for PWID, and a medical center.

Description of a model of care for PWID to facilitate access and adherence to treatment

To facilitate access and retention of PWID, and to prevent reinfection.

Participants had recent IDU with advanced liver fibrosis.

20- Mangia 2019 Italy Puglia and Molise April 2019- December 2020

Puglia HCV Micro- elimination Program (PHCVM)

Substance abuse management centers in collaboration with a specialized liver disease unit.

A clinical study protocol for a transportation focused intervention for SUD with HCV in peripheral geographical areas.

To evaluate the impact of intensifying screening, diagnosis, linkage to care and treatment cascade of SUD patients through a transportation support program.

transportation.

- Change in linkage to care and treatment initiation rates.

21- Norton et al. 2017 United States

New York City (Bronx), New York

January 2014 - August 2015

Not reported Primary care clinic FQHC affiliated with an academic institution providing primary care and substance

Description and quantitative analysis for HCV treatment outcomes.

To examine the impact of drug use and substance abuse treatment on HCV treatment outcomes.

- Comparing SVR achievement between patients in each drug use category.

About 52% were either active IDU and/or receiving OST.

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15

abuse

treatment.

22- Papaluca et al. 2019 Australia Melbourne November 2015- December 2016

Not reported State prison system nurse- led HCV care supported by telemedicine in collaboration with a tertiary Hospital.

Description and quantitative analysis for treatment outcomes.

To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a nurse-led model of care for HCV in the prison system.

23- Radley et al. 2017 United Kingdom

Tayside, Scotland November 2015- September 2016

DOT-C:

Directly observed anti-HCV therapy

Local pharmacies providing substance abuse treatment.

Experimental (RCT)

A mixed methods cluster randomized feasibility trial of DOT HCV vs.

conventional care outcomes. Process evaluation included semi-structured interviews with service users and providers.

To assess the feasibility and effectiveness pharmacy led testing and treatment.

- Proportion of patients accepted the offer of testing, completed treatment assessment, and completed treatment.

PWID on OST

24- Ramachandran et al.

2018 Australia Adelaide December 2016 - December 2017

Not reported Geographically different inpatient psychiatric units in metropolitan, suburban, remote rural, and veterans’

affairs sites.

Description and quantitative analysis for a multicenter study.

To describe models of care and determine the prevalence of HCV infection and its risk factors in psychiatric inpatients and.

- HCV prevalence among psychiatric patients

PWID admitted to psychiatric clinic.

25- Read et al. 2017 Australia Sydney March 2016 - December 2016

The facility integrated OST and a needle and syringe programme with its primary care services.

Description and quantitative analysis for outcomes and factors associated with HCV treatment.

To describe the characteristics and treatment outcomes and to analyze the predictors of treatment success and successful follow-up.

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26- Read et al. 2019 Australia Sydney March

2016-March 2018

Description and quantitative analysis for outcomes and factors associated with HCV treatment.

To evaluate DAA treatment support, adherence, and outcomes, including predictors of low adherence amongst highly marginalized clients attending a low threshold primary healthcare service

At risk population including PWID, young people, homeless, and sex workers.

27- Rizk et al. 2019 United States

New Haven, Connecticut

January 2014 – March 2017

Not reported University affiliated hospital-based HIV clinic providing DAA treatment to naive HCV patients.

Description and quantitative analysis for outcomes and factors associated with HCV treatment success.

To describe a model of care in a co-located HCV clinic, assess the strengths of this model, and assess factors affecting the HCV treatment cascade

- Compare SVR patients vs.

unsuccessfully referred, linked, or treated patients.

About 54.3% are active IDU

28- Selfridge et al. 2019 Canada Victoria November 2014 - December 2017

Not reported Inner city primary care community health center serving patients with chronic mental illness, substance use, and

homelessness

Quantitative analysis for

HCV testing, treatment initiation, drug current use and history, reasons for treatment

discontinuation, and SVR outcomes.

- To quantify and assess factors associated with HCV treatment outcomes.

- To assess the incidence of HCV reinfection and related risk factors, and the incidence of mortality among treated patients.

- HCV reinfection and mortality.

About 46% were on OST and 49% had recent IDU

29- Stagg et al. 2019 United Kingdom

London, England August 2013 - April 2016

Not reported Control group:

four hospitals.

Intervention group:

homeless charity and advocacy organization

Experimental (RCT)

Two arm randomized nonblinded controlled trial including a standard of care in four hospital vs.

community- controlled peer support model of care at homeless charity and

To assess the effectiveness of a community- controlled peer support model of care promoting engagement with HCV treatment.

- Engagement with HCV treatment defined at 3 clinical assessments within 6 months of the first appointment.

- Achievement of SVR

About 59% had a history of IDU and 23% had active IDU

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advocacy

organization

- Engagement, diagnosis, or commencing treatment for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV).

30- Talal, Andrews, et al.

2019 United States

New York City (Brooklyn), New York

Not reported

PET-C Study (Prevention, Evaluation and Treatment of HCV)

Substance abuse management centers

Quantitative analysis for

HCV treatment outcomes and social factors associated with pursuit of HCV care.

- To assess the effectiveness of HCV treatment delivered via telemedicine to PWID on methadone treatment.

- To evaluate the positive and negative social determinants of pursuit of HCV care.

- HCV treatment initiation.

PWID on OST

31- Talal, McLeod, et al.

2019 United States

New York City (Brooklyn), New York

Not reported

PET-C Study (Prevention, Evaluation and Treatment of HCV)

Substance abuse management centers

Observational (cross sectional)

- Three satisfaction questionnaires: 1) after initial HCV telemedicine evaluation, 2) on treatment initiation, and 3) 3 months post-HCV treatment completion.

- Semi-structured interviews to assess challenges for referral, convenience, and confidentiality of the telemedicine model of care.

To assess PWID on methadone treatment satisfaction with telemedicine for onsite HCV treatment.

- Patient satisfaction with telemedicine intervention.

PWID on OST

32- Trabut et al. 2019 France Paris January - June 2014

Not reported Five substance abuse management centers in the Paris region: 3 low-threshold day-care methadone centers and 2 hospital-based centers.

Observational (case control)

Retrospective case- control (1:2) study to evaluate adherence to HCV treatment among “difficult to manage” PWID compared with usual patients.

To assess adherence and outcomes associated with the treatment of difficult-to- manage patients with substance use

- Characteristics of patients who didn’t achieve SVR.

Patients were either with moderate to severe SUD, on OST (68%), or both.

33- Wade et al. 2019 Australia and New Zealand

- Melbourne and Geelong in Australia - Christchurch and Auckland in New Zealand

November 2015 - June 2018

Not reported Standard care:

hospital-based specialty care.

Intervention:

primary care centers providing

Experimental (RCT)

Nonblinded effectiveness and implementation RCT of PWID with HCV.

To compare DAA treatment uptake and outcomes in primary care against

- Treatment initiation.

PWID, almost all had a history of IDU

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18

substance

abuse management services.

hospital-based specialty care.

34- Ward et al. 2019 United States

Baltimore, Maryland

August 2015 - October 2016

The CHAMPS (Chronic HepAtitis C Management to ImProve OutcomeS)

University affiliated HIV clinic.

Experimental (RCT)

RCT: participants were randomized (2:3:3) to (1) usual care (UC), (2) UC plus peer mentors (peer), and (3) UC plus contingent cash incentives.

To compare treatment initiation and outcome between usual care, peer support intervention, and contingent cash transfer intervention in PWID with HIV/HCV co- infection.

- Treatment initiation.

About 46% had an evidence of cocaine or heroin use

35- Williams et al. 2019 United States

Oregon August

2017 - April 2018

Not reported Two patient- centered medical home clinics for homeless population.

Observational (cross sectional)

In-depth interviews with participants of a pilot clinical trial testing the effective delivery of DAA treatment to PWID (one group receiving opioid

agonist therapy (OAT) and another group use a needle and syringe exchange program (NSP)).

Using “life projects”

conceptual framework, the study examined the social incentives of PWID for HCV treatment.

To identify the social experiences and motivations of PWID on HCV treatment.

- Social incentives of PWID on HCV treatment.

36- Woodrell et al. 2015 United States

New York City (Harlem and Bronx), New York

September 2011 - April 2013

Not reported University affiliated primary care- based HCV treatment program

Quantification analysis for treatment initiation and SVR.

To evaluate the rates of treatment initiation and outcomes.

- Treatment initiation and completion.

PWID on OST

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19 Supplement C

Patient-Centeredness Dimensions Addressed in the Analyzed Studies.

Study Included

dimensions of patient centeredness*

Access to care Coordination and integration of care

Continuity and translation

Physical comfort Information and education

Emotional support

Involvement of family and friends

Respect for patients’

values, preferences, and needs 1- Akiyama, Norton,

et al., 2019

Coordination, continuity, information, support

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment in primary care facility with opioid substitution therapy (OST) program.

- Continuity and follow up was provided in the 3 models of care.

- The self- administered individual treatment (SIT) model patients received instruction on home

administration of treatment.

Not reported Patient education was provided in the 3 models with more focus in the group treatment (GT) model.

GT arm:

psychosocial support from peers and providers.

Not reported Not reported

2- Akiyama, Columbus, et al., 2019

Access, coordination, continuity, comfort, information, involvement

- Free public transportation passes for each successfully completed HCV appointment - Reminder calls, appointment rescheduling, appointment accompaniment.

- Assistance with scheduling clinical and laboratory follow-up visits.

Coordinated HCV treatment with two community-based clinical facilities or the patient existing health system.

Patient navigation included:

discharge planning, linkage to care after incarceration, health insurance assistance, and continuity of medication support.

Patient navigation included court liaison to facilitate medical

alternatives to incarceration.

Provided education in addition to encouraged communication before and after returning to the community.

Not reported Communication with patients contacting next of kin via telephone as alternative.

Not reported

3- Alimohammadi, Holeksa, Thiam, et al., 2018

Coordination, continuity, comfort, information, support

Not reported

Coordinated HCV treatment between referral points and a specialized infectious disease clinic.

- Care included psychiatric, addiction-related, social, and medical services.

- Follow up every 6 months to assess reinfection and other comorbidities.

- Provided social services assistance including housing, income assistance, and nutritional support.

- Provided access to weekly educational support groups.

- Patients were educated on HCV and their DAA regimen.

Support groups identified medical and social needs via personalized interactions with clinic providers.

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20

4- Bajis et al., 2019 Access,

coordination, continuity, comfort, support

Care was provided with homelessness services for geographical accessibility.

Co-located HCV treatment with homeless primary care services.

- Peer support workers and site staff provided information about the study.

- Follow up after an eight-day campaign.

Provided meals, clothing, case management, and legal and housing support.

Not reported Peer support workers.

5- Bartholomew, Grosgebauer, Huynh, & Cos, 2019

Coordination, continuity, information, support, respect

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment program in primary care federally qualified health center.

- Patients were linked to mental health and substance use treatment services.

- Provided problem solving intervention to address obstacles to medication adherence and modifications of the patient daily routine e.g.

matching up medication times with meals and mobile phone reminder.

Not reported Behavioral health specialists provided comprehensive psychoeducation.

Behavioral health specialists: 1) assessed the patient’s well- being, readiness for treatment, and appropriateness of treatment; 2) assessed current psychological distress and past/current substance use; 3) provided motivational interviewing intervention to explore the patient readiness for sobriety and support needed for HCV treatment.

Not reported Personalized comprehensive treatment plan including the patient, primary care provider, and behavioral health specialists.

6- Bonnington &

Harris, 2017

Coordination, information, support

Not reported Co-located HCV treatment with drug treatment centers and primary care facilities.

Not reported Not reported Peer and buddy education pre and post intervention

Peer and buddy support pre and post intervention

7- Bouscaillou et al., 2018

Coordination, continuity, support

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment program in a syringe exchange center.

Peer workers tracked patients for follow up appointments, after treatment, and retention of patients between end of treatment and SVR assessment.

Not reported Not reported Peer support pre intervention

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21

8- Burton et al., 2019 Access,

coordination, continuity, comfort, information, support, respect

- Scheduled follow-up appointments for SUD and HCV treatment on one day.

- Patients were referred to the infectious disease clinic via a consult.

Integrated HCV treatment in a SUD clinic.

HCV providers attended meetings of the SUD treatment team to align HCV education with SUD.

Coordination with the Veterans Justice Outreach team to ensure the ability of patients with legal problems to adhere to the treatment.

Provided weekly HIV/HCV education group for SUD patients.

Patients received supportive counselling.

Not reported The initial clinic visits included discussion of treatment options with patients.

9- Butner et al., 2017 Coordination, information, involvement

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment within a SUD clinic.

Not reported Not reported The patient initial visit included HCV education.

Not reported Involved the patient's family in the treatment evaluation process and offer screening to contacts who might be at-risk.

Not reported

10- Chronister et al., 2019

Coordination, continuity, comfort, respect

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment within primary care services (including HIV treatment).

Personalized adherence support plan: either medications self- administration and monthly adherence support phone call, or weekly or daily administration at OST clinic with personal

adherence support.

Provided comprehensive medical and social care.

Not reported Not reported Not reported Personalized treatment support plan included either phone or face- to-face support.

11- Coffin et al., 2019 coordination, continuity, support

Not reported Co-located HCV treatment at the city department of health.

Post treatment follow up and motivational interview-based risk reduction counselling.

Not reported Not reported Motivational interview–based risk reduction counselling.

12- Dhiman et al., 2019 Access, coordination, information, involvement

Primary care providers provided HCV treatment to underserved rural patients with support from telemedicine clinic.

Coordinated HCV treatment between telemedicine clinic and a primary care facility.

Not reported Not reported Combined education programs involved patients’ families.

Not reported Education involved patients’

families.

Not reported

13- Eckhardt et al., 2018

Coordination, continuity, comfort, information, support, respect

Not reported Co-located HCV treatment with a community-based harm reduction facility.

Treatment adherence support was provided.

Case management and social services provided logistical, social support

Personalized education to the patient’s needs

Peer support Not reported Personalized education and social support to the patient’s needs

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22

14- Falade-Nwulia et

al., 2017

Coordination, continuity, support, respect

Not reported Integrated HCV treatment in HIV clinic.

HIV and HCV care team triaged patients for treatment adherence support:

- Green-level patients initiated treatment on their own and received minimal support.

- Yellow-level patients received moderate support including a mandated nurse visit with on-site delivery of the first treatment prescription.

- Red-level patients received significant support, including a mandatory nurse visit to initiate treatment with onsite hand off of the first month DAA prescription followed by frequent (up to weekly) visits with either a nurse, pharmacist, or other HCV providers.

- Patients failed to complete the scheduled HCV treatment were referred to a peer navigator for intensive follow- up, including home visits.

Not reported Not reported - Peer support -

Pharmacotherapy clinic provided medication counselling

Not reported During HCV treatment, all patients follow an

individualized HCV treatment plan to facilitate adherence.

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23

15- Groessl et al., 2017 Continuity,

support

Not reported HCV care was not integrated with other services, however; the model added a mental health provider to the in- place clinical team and labelled it as the “integrated care” arm.

Mental health case manager provided support including encouraging patient evaluation, treatment initiation, adherence, and follow-up after treatment completion.

Not reported Not reported Mental health case manager provided motivational support for treatment initiation and adherence.

16- Harney et al., 2019 Coordination, comfort, information

Not reported Coordinated HCV treatment with an emergency accommodation and a community health service facility.

Not reported Community based sites provided social services for homeless or at risk of homelessness population.

A nurse lead HCV care provided HCV testing, education, and case management

Not reported Not reported Not reported

17- Harrison et al., 2019

Access, coordination, information, support, involvement

- Clinic appointments and referrals considered patients’

preferences and other

commitments.

- Offered reminders for patients’

appointments, retrieval, and rescheduling.

Integrated HCV treatment in a SUD center.

Not reported Not reported Onsite nurse facilitator offered patient education.

Peer champions and buddy support system.

Buddy support (not clear if buddies were friends of patients).

Not reported

18- Inglis et al., 2019 Coordination, continuity, information, respect

Not reported Co-located HCV treatment in harm reduction centers.

Adherence support intervention

Not reported Information- Motivation- Behavioral (IMB) Skills. Nurse provided education using personalized materials to enhance adherence.

Not reported Not reported Education using personalized materials

19- Kikvidze et al., 2018

Coordination, comfort, information, support

Not reported Co-located HCV treatment in a harm reduction center.

Not reported Peer support included social support activities.

Peer support patient group discussions include HCV education.

Provided peer support and patient group discussion activities.

20- Mangia, 2019 Access, coordination, information, involvement

Provided transportation to HCV treatment facilities for patients living in remote areas.

Coordinated HCV treatment between SUD and hepatology clinics.

Not reported Not reported Peer educational campaign.

Not reported Screening of SUD patients and their partners at SUD clinic.

Not reported

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24

21- Norton et al., 2017 Access,

coordination, continuity, information, support, respect

- Patient care plan included reminders for HCV

appointments, and referrals to supportive services.

Co-located HCV treatment in a primary care clinic in addition to coordinated care with community based primary care clinics and syringe exchange programs.

- Care coordinator provided linkage, retention, and coordination of HCV care.

- Psychological assessment included development and implementation of a patient navigation care plan.

- Patient care plan included case conferencing with the patient’s care team.

Not reported - Psychological assessment included health education and promotion.

- Patient care plan included drug use counselling

Not reported Personalized HCV care plan to the patient needs including treatment readiness and adherence support, medication prior authorization, and patient assistance program for applications and appeals.

22- Papaluca et al., 2019

Access, coordination, information.

Telemedicine supported HCV care for prisoners in state prisons.

Integrated HCV treatment in prisons supported by telemedicine in the state prisons.

Not reported Not reported HCV education program for prisoners and prison staff.

23- Radley et al., 2017 Access, coordination, information

HCV services provided in community pharmacies.

Integrated HCV treatment in community pharmacies providing OST.

Not reported Not reported Pharmacists provided verbal and written HCV awareness messages about testing and treatment.

24- Ramachandran et al., 2018

Coordination, continuity

Not reported Coordinated HCV treatment between inpatient psychiatric facility and hospital-based liver clinics, community clinics, and rural clinics.

Hepatitis nurses coordinated treatment initiation and follow-up with community mental health teams under supervision of hepatologists.

Not reported Not reported Not reported Not reported Not reported

The Patient: Patient-Centered Outcomes Research

1 Supplementary Material

Patient-Centeredness in Hepatitis C Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment Delivery to People Who Inject Drugs: A Scoping Review