BSE IN SWITZERLAND
Feed Measures and Results of
Feed Inspection
www.alp.admin.chwww.bse-einheit.ch Daniel Guidon1, Geneviève Frick1, Claude Chaubert1, Paul Boss2.
1Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux, Swiss Federal Research Station for Animal Production and Dairy Products (ALP), Tioleyre 4, CH-1725 Posieux
2BSE Unit of Switzerland, Schwarzenburgstrasse 161, CH-3003 Bern-Liebefeld
BSE-related feed measures
1990 1996 1999 2001
year of introduction BSE in
Switzerland 1990
Feed ban MBM for ruminants
Feed ban blood-meal for ruminants Incineration of
brain+spinal cord;
import MBM same conditions
sterilisation bones 133 °C / 3 bar / 20 min sterilisation tallow for feeding 133 °C / 20 min 133 °C / 3 bar /
20 min for MBM
„zero- tolerance“
1993
Feed ban MBM for all farm animals
main measures
1990MBM (meat and bone meal = several animal by-products) removed from ruminant formulas, MBM still in pig and poultry feed 2000so called „zero-tolerance“: all microscopically detectable traces are considered
2001MBM removed from all formulas for farm animals, no more MBM in the feed circle, all MBM has to be burnt
several hurdles following each other, introduced according to the increasing scientific knowledge:
• removal of MBM out of ruminant feed
• all BSE-suspicious cowshave to be burnt
•heat/pressure/time treatmentof MBM
• removal of specific risk materialout of MBM
•complete banof MBM for all farm animals
•all MBMhas to be burnt
BSE-Cases per year of birth
1 7
21 43
92
14 15 17
33 15
2 1
1
2
8 19
4 6
8 1
1
5
1
5 5 5
74
29
1
3 3
3 3
3
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 year of birth
number of cases
voluntary tests active surveillance clinical cases
Results of feed inspection (microscopy)
1991 to 2000 ruminants only, from 2001 on all species
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 year
number of samples
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
contaminated samples %
important findings almost all positive samples contained only very small amounts of MBM Îno illegal use of MBM in compound feedstuffs for ruminants most effective measure: removal of MBM from ruminant feed (1990:
93 BSE-cows, 1991: 16 BSE-cows) smallest amounts of MBM have to be considered: 0.1 g of contaminated MBM is able to transfer BSE Îintroduction of the so called “zero-tolerance”, because of the cross-
contaminations in feed mills not only feed formulas but also manufacturing equipment and above all MBM storage silos have to be considered Îsmallest amounts of MBM may contaminate equipment during years
creation of the Swiss BSE-Unit Îincreased number of samples analysed from 2000 on
no more MBM at all in the feed industry Îstriking decrease of positive samples from 2001 on no BSE-cows and no positive feed samples in 2004 (end of April)
